Europium(III) nitride

Europium(III) nitride

Unit cell of europium(III) nitride determined by X-ray powder diffraction
Names
Other names Europium mononitride, azanylidyneuropium, nitridoeuropium
Identifiers
CAS Number	12020-58-5
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	74726
ECHA InfoCard	100.031.496
EC Number	234-659-2
PubChem CID	82808
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID701014194
InChI InChI=1S/Eu.N Key: PSBUJOCDKOWAGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES N#[Eu]
Properties
Chemical formula	EuN
Molar mass	165.971 g·mol−1
Appearance	black crystals
Density	6.57 g/cm3
Solubility in water	reacts with water
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Europium(III) nitride is a binary inorganic compound of europium and nitrogen with the chemical formula EuN. ^[1]

Synthesis

Europium(III) nitride can be produced via the reaction of elemental europium in an ammonia stream in corundum boats in silica glass tubes. The reaction takes place at 700 °C. ^[2]

2Eu + 2NH₃ → 2EuN + 3H₂

In this reaction, europium is oxidized and the hydrogen in ammonia is reduced.

Physical properties

Europium(III) nitride shows Van Vleck paramagnetism ^[3] and crystallizes in the rock salt structure with a = 501.779(6) pm. ^{[4] [5] [6]} Thin films of rare earth nitrides, including europium(III) nitride, tend to form oxides in the presence of oxygen. ^[7] The enthalpy of formation of EuN is: ΔH₀ = 217.6±25.1 kJ/mol. ^[8] The band gap for europium(III) nitride was calculated to be 2.08 eV. ^[9]

Europium(III) nitride forms black crystals and reacts with water.

Uses

EuN is a semiconductor. ^[10]

References

1. "Europium Nitride". American Elements . Retrieved 31 January 2024.
2. Klemm, W.; Winkelmann, G. (November 1956). "Zur Kenntnis der Nitride der Seltenen Erdmetalle" . Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 288 (1–2): 87–90. doi:10.1002/zaac.19562880112 . Retrieved 31 January 2024.
3. Busch, G.; Junod, P.; Levy, F.; Menth, A.; Vogt, O. (February 1965). "Influence of crystal fields on the magnetic properties of the rare-earth nitrides" . Physics Letters . 14 (4): 264–266. Bibcode:1965PhL....14..264B. doi:10.1016/0031-9163(65)90190-3 . Retrieved 31 January 2024.
4. Larson, P.; Lambrecht, Walter R. L.; Chantis, Athanasios; van Schilfgaarde, Mark (16 January 2007). "Electronic structure of rare-earth nitrides using the LSDA + U approach: Importance of allowing 4 f orbitals to break the cubic crystal symmetry" . Physical Review B . 75 (4) 045114. Bibcode:2007PhRvB..75d5114L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.75.045114 . Retrieved 31 January 2024.
5. Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards. 1953. p. 56. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
6. Suehiro, T.; Hirosaki, N.; Wada, T.; Yajima, Y.; Mitomo, M. (Mar 2005). "Europium nitride synthesized by direct nitridation with ammonia" . Powder Diffraction. 20 (1): 40–42. Bibcode:2005PDiff..20...40S. doi:10.1154/1.1835963. ISSN   1945-7413. S2CID   98808817.
7. Ruck, B. J.; Natali, F.; Plank, N. O. V.; Do Le, Binh; Azeem, M.; Alfheid, Maha; Meyer, C.; Trodahl, H. J. (2012-08-01). "The influence of nitrogen vacancies on the magnetic behaviour of rare-earth nitrides" . Physica B: Condensed Matter. 26th International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors. 407 (15): 2954–2956. Bibcode:2012PhyB..407.2954R. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2011.08.004. ISSN   0921-4526.
8. Kordis, J.; Gingerich, K. A.; Kaldis, E. (1973-11-01). "Heat of Vaporization of EuN and Its Standard Heat of Formation" . Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 56 (11): 581–583. doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1973.tb12420.x.
9. Sclar, N. (1962-10-01). "Energy Gaps of the III–V and the (Rare Earth)-V Semiconductors". Journal of Applied Physics. 33 (10): 2999–3002. Bibcode:1962JAP....33.2999S. doi:10.1063/1.1728552. ISSN   0021-8979.
10. "Europium nitride: a novel diluted magnetic semiconductor". ESRF. Retrieved 31 January 2024.