Eurovision Song Contest 1999

Eurovision Song Contest 1999
Dates
Final	29 May 1999 (1999-05-29)
Host
Venue	International Convention Centre Jerusalem, Israel
Presenter(s)	Dafna Dekel Yigal Ravid Sigal Shachmon
Executive producer	Amnon Barkai
Director	Hagai Mautner
EBU scrutineer	Christine Marchal-Ortiz
Host broadcaster	Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA)
Website	eurovision.tv/event/jerusalem-1999
Participants
Number of entries	23
Debuting countries	None
Returning countries	Austria   Bosnia and Herzegovina   Denmark   Iceland   Lithuania
Non-returning countries	Finland   Greece   Hungary   Macedonia   Romania   Slovakia    Switzerland
Participation map      Competing countries     Relegated countries unable to participate due to poor results in previous contests     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1999
Vote
Voting system	Each country awarded 12, 10, 8–1 points to their ten favourite songs
Winning song	Sweden "Take Me to Your Heaven"
1998 ←  Eurovision Song Contest  → 2000

The Eurovision Song Contest 1999 was the 44th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 29 May 1999 at the International Convention Centre in Jerusalem, Israel. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA), the contest was held in the country following its victory at the 1998 contest with the song "Diva" by Dana International, and was presented by Dafna Dekel, Yigal Ravid and Sigal Shachmon.

Twenty-three countries participated in the contest. Finland, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, and Switzerland, having participated in the 1998 contest, were absent due to being relegated after achieving the lowest average points totals over the past five contests, while Hungary actively chose not to return. Meanwhile Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark, and Iceland returned to the contest, having last participated in 1997, while Lithuania made its first contest appearance since 1994.

The winner was Sweden with the song "Take Me to Your Heaven", composed by Lars Diedricson, written by Gert Lengstrand and performed by Charlotte Nilsson. Iceland, Germany, Croatia, and Israel rounded out the top five, with Iceland achieving its best ever result and Croatia equalling its previous best. It was the first contest since 1976 that countries were allowed to perform in the language of their choice, and not necessarily the language of their country. It was also the first ever contest not to feature an orchestra or live music accompanying the competing entries.

Location

International Convention Centre, Jerusalem – host venue of the 1999 contest

The 1999 contest took place in Jerusalem, Israel, following the country's victory at the 1998 edition with the song "Diva", performed by Dana International. It was the second time that Israel had staged the contest, following the 1979 contest also held in Jerusalem. ^[1] The selected venue was the Ussishkin Auditorium of the International Convention Centre, commonly known in Hebrew as Binyenei HaUma (Hebrew : בנייני האומה), which also served as the host venue for Israel's previous staging of the event. ^{[2] [3] [4]}

The prospect of Israel staging the contest resulted in protest by members of the Orthodox Jewish community in the country, including opposition by the deputy mayor of Jerusalem Haim Miller to the contest being staged in the city. ^{[5] [6]} Additional concerns over funding for the event also contributed to speculation that the contest could be moved to Malta or the United Kingdom, the nations which had finished in the top three alongside Israel the previous year. ^[7] Financial guarantees by the Israeli government however helped to ensure that the contest would take place in Israel. The possibility of holding the event in an open air venue was discussed, however concerns over security led to the choice of an indoor venue for the event. ^[3] A tight security presence was felt during the rehearsal week as a precaution against potential disruption from Palestinian militant groups. ^{[8] [9]}

Participating countries

Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest

Eurovision Song Contest 1999 –Participation summaries by country
Austria Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Cyprus Denmark Estonia France Germany Iceland Ireland Israel Lithuania Malta Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Slovenia Spain Sweden Turkey United Kingdom

Per the rules of the contest, twenty-three countries were allowed to participate in the event, a reduction from the twenty-five which took part in the 1997 and 1998 contests. ^{[3] [10]} Lithuania made its first appearance since 1994, and Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark, and Iceland returned after being relegated from the previous year's event. ^[3] Russia was unable to return from relegation due to failing to broadcast the 1998 contest, as specified in the rules for that edition. ^{[3] [11]} 1998 participants Finland, Greece, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, and Switzerland were absent from this edition. ^{[2] [3]}

Several of the performers taking part in the contest had previously competed as lead artists in past editions. Two artists returned as lead artists in this year's event, with Croatia's Doris Dragović having taken part in 1986 representing Yugoslavia, and Slovenia's Darja Švajger making a second appearance for her country following the 1995 contest. ^[12] A number of former competitors also returned to perform as backing vocalists for some of the competing entries: Stefán Hilmarsson, who represented Iceland twice in 1988 and 1991, provided backing vocals for Selma; ^[13] Kenny Lübcke, who represented Denmark in 1992, returned to provide backing for Trine Jepsen and Michael Teschl; ^[14] Christopher Scicluna and Moira Stafrace, who represented Malta in 1994, provided backing for Times Three; ^[15] Gabriel Forss, who represented Sweden in 1997 as a member of the group Blond, was among Charlotte Nilsson's backing vocalists; ^{[16] [17]} and Linda Williams, who represented the Netherlands in 1981, returned as a backing vocalist for Belgium's Vanessa Chinitor. ^[18] Additionally, Evelin Samuel competed for Estonia in this year's contest, having previously served as backing vocalist for Maarja-Liis Ilus in 1997. ^[19]

Eurovision Song Contest 1999 participants ^{[20] [21] [22]}

Country	Broadcaster	Artist	Song	Language	Songwriter(s)
Austria	ORF	Bobbie Singer	"Reflection"	English	Dave Moskin
Belgium	VRT	Vanessa Chinitor	"Like the Wind"	English	Ilia Beyers Wim Claes Emma Philippa Hjälmås John Terra
Bosnia and Herzegovina	RTVBiH	Dino and Béatrice	"Putnici"	Bosnian, French	Dino Dervišhalidović
Croatia	HRT	Doris	" Marija Magdalena "	Croatian	Tonči Huljić Vjekoslava Huljić
Cyprus	CyBC	Marlain	"Tha'ne erotas" (Θα'ναι έρωτας)	Greek	George Kallis Andreas Karanicolas
Denmark	DR	Trine Jepsen and Michael Teschl	"This Time I Mean It"	English	Ebbe Ravn
Estonia	ETV	Evelin Samuel and Camille	"Diamond of Night"	English	Maian-Anna Kärmas Priit Pajusaar Glen Pilvre Kaari Sillamaa
France	France Télévision	Nayah	"Je veux donner ma voix"	French	Gilles Arcens René Colombies Pascal Graczyk Luigi Rutigliano
Germany	NDR [a]	Sürpriz	"Journey to Jerusalem – Kudüs'e Seyahat"	German, Turkish, English	Bernd Meinunger Ralph Siegel
Iceland	RÚV	Selma	"All Out of Luck"	English	Selma Björnsdóttir Sveinbjörn I. Baldvinsson Þorvaldur Bjarni Þorvaldsson
Ireland	RTÉ	The Mullans	"When You Need Me"	English	Bronagh Mullan
Israel	IBA	Eden	"Happy Birthday"	English, Hebrew	Gabriel Butler Moshe Datz Ya'akov Lamai Jacky Oved
Lithuania	LRT	Aistė	"Strazdas"	Samogitian	Sigitas Geda Linas Rimša
Malta	PBS	Times Three	"Believe 'n Peace"	English	Christopher Scicluna Moira Stafrace
Netherlands	NOS	Marlayne	"One Good Reason"	English	Alan Michael Tjeerd van Zanen
Norway	NRK	Van Eijk	"Living My Life Without You"	English	Stig André van Eijk
Poland	TVP	Mietek Szcześniak	"Przytul mnie mocno"	Polish	Seweryn Krajewski Wojciech Ziembicki
Portugal	RTP	Rui Bandeira	"Como tudo começou"	Portuguese	Tó Andrade Jorge do Carmo
Slovenia	RTVSLO	Darja Švajger	"For a Thousand Years"	English	Primož Peterca
Spain	TVE	Lydia	"No quiero escuchar"	Spanish	Adolfo Carmona Zamarreno Carlos López González Alejandro Piqueras Ramírez Fernando Rodríguez Fernández
Sweden	SVT	Charlotte Nilsson	"Take Me to Your Heaven"	English	Lars Diedricson Gert Lengstrand
Turkey	TRT	Tuba Önal and Grup Mistik	"Dön Artık"	Turkish	Canan Tunç Erdinç Tunç
United Kingdom	BBC	Precious	"Say It Again"	English	Paul Varney

Qualification

Due to the high number of countries wishing to enter the contest, a relegation system was introduced in 1993 in order to reduce the number of countries which could compete in each year's contest. Any relegated countries would be able to return the following year, thus allowing all countries the opportunity to compete in at least one in every two editions. ^{[10] [24]} The relegation rules introduced for the 1997 contest were again utilised ahead of the 1999 contest, based on each country's average points total in previous contests. The twenty-three participants were made up of the previous year's winning country and host nation, the seventeen countries other than the host which had obtained the highest average points total over the preceding five contests, and any eligible countries which had not competed in the 1998 contest. In cases where the average was identical between two or more countries, the total number of points scored in the most recent contest determined the final order. ^[10]

A new addition to the relegation rules specified that for the 2000 contest and future editions, the four largest financial contributors to the contest – France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom  –would automatically qualify for each year's event and be exempt from relegation. ^[10] This new "Big Four" group of countries was created to ensure the financial viability of the event, and was prompted by a number of poor placements in previous years for some of these countries, which if repeated in 1999 could have resulted in those countries being eliminated. ^{[3] [7]}

Finland, Greece, Hungary, Macedonia, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, and Switzerland were therefore excluded from participating in the 1999 contest, to make way for the return of Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark, Iceland, and Lithuania, and new debuting country Latvia. However Latvia's Latvijas Televīzija subsequently withdrew its participation at a late stage, and their place in the contest was subsequently offered to Hungary as the excluded country with the highest average points total. Hungarian broadcaster Magyar Televízió declined and the offer was then passed to Portugal's Rádio e Televisão de Portugal as the next country in line, which accepted. ^{[2] [3] [7]}

The calculations used to determine the countries relegated for the 1999 contest are outlined in the table below.

Table key

  Qualifier

 ‡  Automatic qualifier

 †  Returning countries which did not compete in 1998

Calculation of average points to determine qualification for the 1999 contest ^[b]

Rank	Country	Average	Yearly Point Totals [25] [26] [27] [28] [29]
			1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
1	Ireland	130.60	226	44	162	157	64
2	Israel  ‡	126.50	R	81	DNQ		172
3	United Kingdom	121.80	63	76	77	227	166
4	Malta	94.40	97	76	68	66	165
5	Norway	83.40	76	148	114	0	79
6	Croatia	74.20	27	91	98	24	131
7 [c]	Sweden	67.40	48	100	100	36	53
8 [c]	Cyprus	67.40	51	79	72	98	37
9 [d]	Netherlands	59.25	4	R	78	5	150
10 [d]	Germany	59.25	128	1	DNQ	22	86
11	Denmark  †	58.50	R	92	DNQ	25	R
12	Poland	57.00	166	15	31	54	19
13	France	56.80	74	94	18	95	3
14	Turkey	56.00	R	21	57	121	25
15	Spain	54.00	17	119	17	96	21
16	Estonia	53.50	2	R	94	82	36
17	Belgium	50.67	R	8	22	R	122
18	Slovenia	44.25	R	84	16	60	17
19	Hungary [e]	42.00	122	3	DNQ	39	4
20	Austria  †	41.50	19	67	68	12	R
21	Portugal [e]	41.20	73	5	92	0	36
22	Greece	39.80	44	68	36	39	12
23	Iceland  †	37.25	49	31	51	18	R
24	Bosnia and Herzegovina  †	22.00	39	14	13	22	R
25	Macedonia	16.00			DNQ	R	16
26 [f]	Finland	14.00	11	R	9	R	22
27 [f]	Slovakia	14.00	15	R	19	R	8
28	Switzerland	10.50	15	R	22	5	0
29	Romania	10.00	14	R	DNQ	R	6
30	Lithuania  †	0.00	0			R

Production

Two of the contest's presenters, Dafna Dekel (left) and Sigal Shachmon, during the contest

The Eurovision Song Contest 1999 was produced by the Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA). Amnon Barkai served as executive producer, Aharon Goldfinger-Eldar served as producer, Hagai Mautner served as director, and Maya Hanoch  [ he ], Mia Raveh and Ronen Levin served as designers. ^{[2] [30]} On behalf of the contest organisers, the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the event was overseen by Christine Marchal-Ortiz as scrutineer. ^{[31] [32] [33]} Usually able to hold a maximum of 3,000 people, modifications made to the Ussishkin Auditorium reduced the capacity to around 2,000 for the contest, with rows of seats removed from the floor to make room for the stage and from the balcony to allow for the construction of boxes for use by various commentators. ^{[3] [34]}

Rehearsals in the venue for the competing acts began on 24 May 1999. Each country had two technical rehearsals in the week approaching the contest: the first rehearsals took place on 24 and 25 May, with each country allowed 40 minutes total on stage followed by a 20 minute press conference; the second rehearsals subsequently took place on 26 and 27 May, with each country allocated 30 minutes on stage. ^[3] Each country took to the stage in the order in which they would perform, however the Lithuanian delegation was permitted to arrive in Israel one day later than the other delegations due to budget concerns. ^[35] Subsequently the first day's rehearsals began with Belgium as the second country to perform in the contest, with Lithuania being the last country to complete their first rehearsal on the second day; the order of rehearsals was corrected for the second rehearsals, with Lithuania scheduled as the first delegation on stage. Additional rehearsals took place on 26 May for the contest's concluding performance with all artists, and on 27 May for the contest's presenters and to test the voting scoreboard's computer graphics. Two dress rehearsals held on 28 May were held with an audience, the second of which was also recorded as a production stand-by in case of problems during the live contest. A further dress rehearsal took place on the afternoon of 29 May ahead of the live contest, followed by security and technical checks. ^[3]

The singer Dafna Dekel, the radio and television presenter Yigal Ravid and the model and television presenter Sigal Shachmon were the presenters of the 1999 contest, the first edition to feature three presenters in a single show. ^[12] Dekel had previously represented Israel in the 1992 contest and placed sixth with the song "Ze Rak Sport". ^[36] The writers of the winning song were awarded with a trophy designed by Yaacov Agam, which was presented by the previous year's winning artist Dana International. ^{[37] [38] [39]}

A compilation album featuring many of the competing entries was released in Israel following the contest, commissioned by IBA and released through the Israeli record label IMP Records. The release contained nineteen of the twenty-three competing acts on CD and an additional video CD with clips from the televised broadcast and footage from backstage. ^{[40] [41]}

Format

Entries

Each participating broadcaster was represented in the contest by one song, no longer than three minutes in duration. A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance, and all performers were required to be at least 16 years old in the year of the contest. Selected entries were not permitted to be released commercially before 1 January 1999, and were then only allowed to be released in the country they represented until after the contest was held. Entries were required to be selected by each country's participating broadcaster by 15 March, and the final submission date for all selected entries to be received by the contest organisers was set for 29 March. This submission was required to include a sound recording of the entry and backing track for use during the contest, a video presentation of the song on stage being performed by the artists, and the text of the song lyrics in its original language and translations in French and English for distribution to the participating broadcasters, their commentators and juries. ^[10]

For the first time since the 1976 contest the participants had full freedom to perform in any language, and not simply that of the country they represented. ^{[12] [42] [g]} This led to a marked increase in the number of entries which were performed in English. ^[12] Additionally, the rules were modified to make the orchestra a non-obligatory feature of the contest of which organising broadcasters were free to opt out. ^[10] IBA chose not to provide an orchestra, with all entries subsequently being performed with backing tracks, and no orchestra has been included as part of the competition since. ^{[3] [12]}

Following the confirmation of the twenty-three competing countries, the draw to determine the running order was held on 17 November 1998. ^{[10] [21]}

Voting procedure

Further information: Voting at the Eurovision Song Contest

The results of the 1999 contest were determined using the scoring system introduced in 1975: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry. ^{[10] [43]} Each participating country was required to use televoting to determine their points, with viewers able to register their vote by telephone for a total of five minutes following the performance of the last competing entry. ^{[10] [44]} Viewers could vote by calling one of twenty-two different telephone numbers to represent the twenty-three competing entries except that which represented their own country. ^{[10] [37]} Once phone lines were opened a video recap containing short clips of each competing entry with the accompanying phone number for voting was shown in order to aid viewers during the voting window. ^[37] Systems were also put in place to prevent lobby groups from one country voting for their entry by travelling to other countries. ^[10]

Countries which were unable to hold a televote due to technological limitations were granted an exception, and their points were determined by an assembled jury of eight individuals, which was required to be split evenly between members of the public and music professionals, comprised additionally of an equal number of men and women, and below and above 30 years of age. Countries using televoting were also required to appoint a back-up jury of the same composition which would be called into action upon technical failure preventing the televote results from being used. Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and ten votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing; if a tie still remained, the youngest jury member would have the deciding vote. ^[10]

Postcards

Each entry was preceded by a video postcard which served as an introduction to each country, as well as providing an opportunity to showcase the running artistic theme of the event and to create a transition between entries to allow stage crew to make changes on stage. ^{[45] [46]} The postcards for the 1999 contest featured animations of paintings of biblical stories which transitioned into footage of modern locations in Israel or clips representing specific themes related to contemporary Israeli culture and industries. The various locations or themes for each postcard are listed below by order of performance: ^[37]

1.  Lithuania – Jacob's Ladder; Israel Museum, Jerusalem
2.  Belgium – Pharaoh and his Army; Eilat
3.  Spain – Noah's Ark; landscapes of Galilee
4.  Croatia – Ruth; Israeli agriculture
5.  United Kingdom – Jonah and the Whale; Jaffa
6.  Slovenia – Adam and Eve; Israeli fashion
7.  Turkey –The Sea of Galilee; Tiberias and surroundings
8.  Norway –Workers of the Tabernacle; Israeli tech and virtual reality
9.  Denmark – Joseph and His Brothers; Haifa
10.  France –The Golden Calf; Israeli jewellery industry
11.  Netherlands – The Prophet; Tel Aviv nightlife
12.  Poland – David and Goliath; Israeli sports
13.  Iceland – The Manna from Heaven; Israeli culinary
14.  Cyprus – The Basket of Moses; rafting on the Jordan River
15.  Sweden – David and Bathsheba; music and art on the roofs of Tel Aviv
16.  Portugal – Daniel and the Lions; Acre
17.  Ireland – Cain and Abel; Judaean Desert
18.  Austria –The Judgement of Solomon; Jerusalem
19.  Israel – The Promised Land; Jezreel Valley
20.  Malta – David and Michal; Suzanne Dellal Centre for Dance and Theatre, Tel Aviv
21.  Germany –The Tower of Babel; Israeli beaches
22.  Bosnia and Herzegovina – Samson; Caesarea National Park
23.  Estonia –The Zodiac mosaic at the Old Beth Alfa Synagogue; love at the Dead Sea

Contest overview

Charlotte Nilsson (pictured in 2012) brought Sweden its fourth Eurovision Song Contest victory.

The contest took place on 29 May 1999 at 22:00 (IST) and lasted 3 hours and 13 minutes. ^{[10] [22]}

The show began with a computer animation entitled "From Birmingham to Jerusalem", highlighting the contest's journey from last year's host country the United Kingdom to Israel, and containing notable landmarks and features of the competing countries; the animation then transitioned into recorded footage of Jerusalem including dancers and hosts Dekel and Shachmon. ^[37] The contest's opening segment also featured Izhar Cohen and Gali Atari, Israel's previous winning artists from the 1978 and 1979 contests attending as special guests, and the previous year's co-presenter Terry Wogan in attendance as the United Kingdom's television commentator. ^{[22] [37]} A pause between entries was included for the first time to allow broadcasters to provide advertisements during the show; ^[12] placed between the Polish and Icelandic entries, a performance of the song "To Life" from the musical Fiddler on the Roof featuring co-presenters Dekel and Shachmon was provided for the benefit of the audience in the arena and for non-commercial broadcasters. ^{[22] [37]}

The contest's pre-recorded interval act entitled "Freedom Calls", shown following the final competing entry and during the voting window, was staged outside the Walls of Jerusalem and the Tower of David and featured performances by a troupe of dancers, a chorus and Dana International singing the D'ror Yikra and a cover of "Free", originally recorded by Stevie Wonder. ^{[6] [37] [39]} Following the traditional reprise performance of the winning song, the show finished with a performance of the English version of Israel's 1979 contest winning song "Hallelujah", which included all the competing artists and was featured as a tribute to the victims of the then-ongoing Kosovo War and to the people of the Balkans impacted. ^{[2] [12]}

The winner was Sweden represented by the song "Take Me to Your Heaven", composed by Lars Diedricson, written by Gert Lengstrand  [ sv ] and performed by Charlotte Nilsson. ^[47] This marked Sweden's fourth victory in the contest, following wins in 1974, 1984 and 1991, and occurred 25 years after ABBA brought Sweden its first victory. ^{[44] [48]} Iceland, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina also achieved their best results to date, placing second, fourth and seventh respectively. ^{[49] [50] [51]}

During the presentation of the trophy to the contest winners, Dana International caused a security alert in the auditorium as while lifting the trophy she lost her balance and fell to the stage along with the winning songwriters before being helped up by security agents. ^{[2] [7] [52]}

The Norwegian delegation raised an objection to the use of simulated male vocals during the performance of Croatian entry "Marija Magdalena". ^[7] Following the contest this was found to have contravened the contest rules regarding the use of vocals on the backing tracks, and Croatia were sanctioned by the EBU with the loss of 33% of their points for the purpose of calculating their average points total for qualification in following contests. ^{[2] [53]} The country's position and points at this contest however remain unchanged. ^[22]

The table below outlines the participating countries, the order in which they performed, the competing artists and songs, and the results of the voting.

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1999 ^{[22] [54]}

R/O	Country	Artist	Song	Points	Place
1	Lithuania	Aistė	"Strazdas"	13	20
2	Belgium	Vanessa Chinitor	"Like the Wind"	38	12
3	Spain	Lydia	"No quiero escuchar"	1	23
4	Croatia	Doris	" Marija Magdalena "	118	4
5	United Kingdom	Precious	"Say It Again"	38	12
6	Slovenia	Darja Švajger	"For a Thousand Years"	50	11
7	Turkey	Tuba Önal and Grup Mistik	"Dön Artık"	21	16
8	Norway	Van Eijk	"Living My Life Without You"	35	14
9	Denmark	Trine Jepsen and Michael Teschl	"This Time I Mean It"	71	8
10	France	Nayah	"Je veux donner ma voix"	14	19
11	Netherlands	Marlayne	"One Good Reason"	71	8
12	Poland	Mietek Szcześniak	"Przytul mnie mocno"	17	18
13	Iceland	Selma	"All Out of Luck"	146	2
14	Cyprus	Marlain	"Tha'ne erotas"	2	22
15	Sweden	Charlotte Nilsson	"Take Me to Your Heaven"	163	1
16	Portugal	Rui Bandeira	"Como tudo começou"	12	21
17	Ireland	The Mullans	"When You Need Me"	18	17
18	Austria	Bobbie Singer	"Reflection"	65	10
19	Israel	Eden	"Happy Birthday"	93	5
20	Malta	Times Three	"Believe 'n Peace"	32	15
21	Germany	Sürpriz	"Journey to Jerusalem – Kudüs'e Seyahat"	140	3
22	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Dino and Béatrice	"Putnici"	86	7
23	Estonia	Evelin Samuel and Camille	"Diamond of Night"	90	6

Spokespersons

Three-time Eurovision participant Kirsten Siggaard announced the points from Denmark.

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for their respective country. ^[10] As had been the case since the 1994 contest, the spokespersons were connected via satellite and appeared in vision during the broadcast; spokespersons at the 1999 contest are listed below. ^{[37] [56]}

1.  Lithuania – Andrius Tapinas
2.  Belgium – Sabine De Vos  [ nl ]
3.  Spain –Hugo de Campos
4.  Croatia –Marko Rašica
5.  United Kingdom – Colin Berry ^[44]
6.  Slovenia –Mira Berginc
7.  Turkey –Osman Erkan
8.  Norway – Ragnhild Sælthun Fjørtoft
9.  Denmark – Kirsten Siggaard
10.  France – Marie Myriam
11.  Netherlands – Edsilia Rombley
12.  Poland – Jan Chojnacki  [ pl ]
13.  Iceland –Áslaug Dóra Eyjólfsdóttir
14.  Cyprus –Marina Maleni
15.  Sweden – Pontus Gårdinger ^[57]
16.  Portugal – Manuel Luís Goucha
17.  Ireland –Clare McNamara
18.  Austria – Dodo Roscic  [ de ]
19.  Israel – Yoav Ginai  [ he ]
20.  Malta –Nirvana Azzopardi
21.  Germany – Renan Demirkan
22.  Bosnia and Herzegovina –Segmedina Srna
23.  Estonia – Mart Sander ^[58]

Detailed voting results

Televoting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries, except Lithuania, Turkey, Ireland and Bosnia and Herzegovina. ^[44] Ireland had intended to use televoting, however technical failures at Telecom Éireann ahead of the voting window meant that the majority of calls were not registered and the country's back-up jury was utilised to determine its points. ^[59]

The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order. ^{[10] [37]} The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1999 ^{[44] [60] [61]}

Voting procedure used:   100% televoting   100% jury vote		Total score	Lithuania	Belgium	Spain	Croatia	United Kingdom	Slovenia	Turkey	Norway	Denmark	France	Netherlands	Poland	Iceland	Cyprus	Sweden	Portugal	Ireland	Austria	Israel	Malta	Germany	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Estonia
Contestants	Lithuania	13				2										5					3	1			2
	Belgium	38				4						2	10	2					10		5				5
	Spain	1				1
	Croatia	118	6	5	12			12	8			7	1	7	4	2	1	6	6	8	7	5	10	8	3
	United Kingdom	38	5		4	5		2	4		1					4					4	8		1
	Slovenia	50	10	2	2	12						1	6						12					5
	Turkey	21								4		5											12
	Norway	35				7					6				7	7	5		3
	Denmark	71			5		5	5						1	12	8	8	3	7	5	2	4			6
	France	14	2						2	8									2
	Netherlands	71	4	12	3		8	3	5		7				6		4	2	1	4	6	2		4
	Poland	17	7																				4	6
	Iceland	146	8	8	10		10		10	10	12		7	4		12	12	4	4	2	10	10	3		10
	Cyprus	2					2
	Sweden	163	3	7	6		12	7	6	12	10	3	8	6	10	6		10	5	6	8	12	2	12	12
	Portugal	12										12
	Ireland	18	12				4		1	1
	Austria	65		6			7	4		6	3		2	3	8	1	7	5					5		8
	Israel	93		3	8	8		1	3	2	2	10	4	10	1	10	3	8		1		6	7	2	4
	Malta	32				6	6									3		1		7			1	7	1
	Germany	140		10	7	3	1	6	12	3	5	8	12	12	5		2	12		10	12	3		10	7
	Bosnia and Herzegovina	86		1		10		10	7	7	8	6	3	5	3		6			12			8
	Estonia	90	1	4	1		3	8		5	4	4	5	8	2		10	7	8	3	1	7	6	3

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another. The winning country is shown in bold. Germany and Sweden each received the maximum score of 12 points from five countries, with Iceland receiving three sets of 12 points, Croatia and Slovenia receiving two sets each, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, Denmark, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal and Turkey each receiving one maximum score. ^{[60] [61]}

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the Eurovision Song Contest 1999 ^{[60] [61]}

N.	Contestant	Nation(s) giving 12 points
5	Germany	Israel ,   Netherlands ,   Poland ,   Portugal ,   Turkey
	Sweden	Bosnia and Herzegovina ,   Estonia ,   Malta ,   Norway ,   United Kingdom
3	Iceland	Cyprus ,   Denmark ,   Sweden
2	Croatia	Slovenia ,   Spain
	Slovenia	Croatia ,   Ireland
1	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Austria
	Denmark	Iceland
	Ireland	Lithuania
	Netherlands	Belgium
	Portugal	France
	Turkey	Germany

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay live and in full the contest via television. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants"; any passive countries wishing to participate in the following year's event were also required to provide a live broadcast of the contest or a deferred broadcast within 24 hours. ^[10] Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers. These commentators were typically sent to the venue to report on the event, and were able to provide commentary from small booths constructed at the back of the venue. ^{[62] [63]}

The contest was reportedly watched by 150 million viewers. ^[64] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators, are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries

Country	Broadcaster [21]	Channel(s)	Commentator(s)	Ref.
Austria	ORF	ORF 1	Andi Knoll	[65] [66]
		FM4	Stermann & Grissemann	[67]
Belgium	VRT	TV1	André Vermeulen and Bart Peeters	[68] [69]
	RTBF	RTBF La 1	Jean-Pierre Hautier	[70]
Croatia	HRT	HRT 1	Aleksandar Kostadinov	[71]
Cyprus	CyBC	RIK 1		[72]
Denmark	DR	DR1	Keld Heick	[73]
Estonia	ETV		Marko Reikop	[74] [75]
	ER	Raadio 2
France	France Télévision	France 3 [h]	Julien Lepers	[77]
Germany	ARD	Das Erste	Peter Urban	[70]
Iceland	RÚV	Sjónvarpið , Rás 2	Gísli Marteinn Baldursson	[78] [79]
Ireland	RTÉ	RTÉ One	Pat Kenny	[80] [81]
		RTÉ Radio 1	Larry Gogan	[82]
Israel	IBA	Channel 1		[83]
Lithuania	LRT	LRT	Darius Užkuraitis  [ lt ]	[84] [85]
Malta	PBS	TVM		[86]
Netherlands	NOS	TV2	Willem van Beusekom	[68] [87]
Norway	NRK	NRK1	Jostein Pedersen	[88]
		NRK P1	Jon Branæs  [ no ]	[88] [89]
Poland	TVP	TVP1	Artur Orzech	[90] [91]
Portugal	RTP	RTP1 [i]	Rui Unas	[93] [94]
Slovenia	RTVSLO	SLO 1  [ sl ]		[95]
		Val 202	Andrej Karoli  [ sl ]
Spain	TVE	La Primera [j]	José Luis Uribarri	[96]
Sweden	SVT	SVT2	Pekka Heino and Anders Berglund	[97]
	SR	SR P3	Carolina Norén
Turkey	TRT	TRT 1 [k]	Gülşah Banda	[98] [99]
United Kingdom	BBC	BBC One [l]	Terry Wogan	[100]
		BBC Radio 2	Ken Bruce	[101]

Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries

Country	Broadcaster	Channel(s)	Commentator(s)	Ref.
Australia	SBS	SBS TV [m]		[102]
Falkland Islands	BFBS	BFBS Television [n]		[103]
Faroe Islands	SvF		Keld Heick	[104] [105]
Finland	YLE	TV1	Jani Juntunen	[106] [107]
		Radio Suomi	Sanna Kojo	[108]
		Radio Vega		[109]
Greenland	KNR	KNR		[110]
Latvia	LTV		Kārlis Streips  [ lv ]	[111] [112]
Romania	TVR	TVR 1	Doina Caramzulescu and Costin Grigore	[113]
	ROR	Radio România Actualități	Ana Maria Zaharescu	[114]
Russia	ORT		Olga Maksimova and Kolya MacCleod	[115]
	Jewish Channel [o]			[116]
Switzerland	SRG SSR	SF 2	Sandra Studer	[65] [117]
		TSR 1	Jean-Marc Richard	[92] [76]
		TSI 2		[92]
		DRS 1 [p]		[118]

Other awards

Barbara Dex Award

The Barbara Dex Award, created in 1997 by fansite House of Eurovision, was awarded to the performer deemed to have been the "worst dressed" among the participants. ^[119] The winner in 1999 was Spain's representative Lydia, as determined by visitors to the House of Eurovision website. This was the first edition of the award to be determined by site visitors, as the winners in 1997 and 1998 had been chosen by the founders of the House of Eurovision site Edwin van Thillo and Rob Paardekam. ^{[120] [121] [122]}

Notes and references

Notes

1. On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD ^[23]
2. Determined by totalling all points awarded in the past five contests and dividing by the number of times that country had participated. ^[10] 1996 did not count as a participation for countries that didn't qualify from the qualification round.
3. Despite having the same average score, Sweden ranked higher than Cyprus by virtue of achieving a higher score in the most recent contest. ^[10]
4. Despite having the same average score, the Netherlands ranked higher than Germany by virtue of achieving a higher score in the most recent contest. ^[10]
5. As Latvia withdrew their participation at a late stage the eliminated country with the highest average points total, Hungary, was offered their place. After declining the offer, the place subsequently passed to Portugal as the country with the next highest average points total. ^[2]
6. Despite having the same average score, Finland ranked higher than Slovakia by virtue of achieving a higher score in the most recent contest. ^[10]
7. Although at the 1977 contest each participant was required to perform in the language of the country they represented, Germany and Belgium were granted exceptions as their entries had already been chosen when the rule was reintroduced. ^[42]
8. Additional deferred broadcast on TV5 Europe at 00:05 (CEST) ^[76]
9. Additional live broadcast on RTP Internacional ^[92]
10. Additional live broadcast on TVE Internacional ^[92]
11. Additional live broadcast on TRT Int ^[98]
12. Additional live broadcast on BBC Prime ^[92]
13. Deferred broadcast the following day at 20:30 (AEST) ^[102]
14. Deferred broadcast at 21:00 (FKT) ^[103]
15. Delayed broadcast on 5 December 1999 at 16:00 (NOVT) ^[116]
16. Deferred broadcast at 22:00 (CEST) ^[118]

References

1. "Israel – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
2. "Jerusalem 1999". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
3. Roxburgh 2020, pp. 367–369.
4. "The ICC Jerusalem – Venue for the 1999 Eurovision Song Contest". Eurovision Song Contest On Line. Archived from the original on 2 February 2002. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
5. Horovitz, David (11 May 1998). "Eurovision win by Israeli transsexual causes dispute". The Irish Times . Archived from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
6. Sharrock, David (29 May 1999). "Discord at pop's Tower of Babel". The Guardian . Jerusalem, Israel. Archived from the original on 24 August 2013. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
7. O'Connor 2010, pp. 156–159.
8. Walker, Christopher (29 May 1999). "Not all in tune with Euro Song" . Montreal Gazette . Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ProQuest   433482756. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023– via ProQuest.
9. Philips, Alan (29 May 1999). "Armed police ring Eurovision venue" . The Daily Telegraph . London, United Kingdom. ProQuest   317203755. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023– via ProQuest.
10. "Rules of the 44th Eurovision Song Contest, 1999" (PDF). European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
11. "Rules of the 43rd Eurovision Song Contest, 1998" (PDF). European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 January 2019. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
12. "13 years ago today: Sweden wins the contest". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 29 May 2012. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
13. Sigurðsson, Hlynur (11 March 2022). "Get to know the Söngvakeppnin finalists". ESCXtra. Archived from the original on 27 May 2022. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
14. Drejer, Dennis (17 February 2001). "Vinderen og de evige toere" [The winner and the eternal runners-up]. B.T. (in Danish). Archived from the original on 21 May 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
15. Abela, Benjamin (18 February 2022). "'Fly high' – Beloved musician Chris Scicluna passes away". GuideMeMalta.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
16. Ohlin, Susanne (20 July 2012). "Körledaren Gabriel Forss berättar om sin biografi" [Choir director Gabriel Forss talks about his biography] (in Swedish). TV4. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
17. Kristiansen, Wivian Renee (9 December 2015). "Xtra Eurovision Advent Calendar; 9 December". ESCXtra. Archived from the original on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
18. Vermeulen 2021, p. 269.
19. "Spot the Backing Singer". British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 25 March 2013. Archived from the original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
20. "Jerusalem 1999 – Participants". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
21. "44ème Concours Eurovision de la Chanson | 44th Eurovision Song Contest" (in French and English). European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 7 March 2001. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
22. Roxburgh 2020, pp. 370–378.
23. "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs] (in German). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
24. Jordan, Paul (18 September 2016). "Milestone Moments: 1993/4 – The Eurovision Family expands". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
25. "Dublin 1994 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
26. "Dublin 1995 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
27. "Oslo 1996 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 22 October 2021. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
28. "Dublin 1997 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
29. "Birmingham 1998 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 11 April 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
30. Roxburgh 2020, p. 382.
31. "The Organisers behind the Eurovision Song Contest". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
32. Jordan, Paul; Smulders, Stijn (10 October 2017). "Christine Marchal-Ortiz: 'I feel so nostalgic about Eurovision'". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
33. O'Connor 2010, p. 210.
34. "Ussishkin Auditorium – Hall Plan" (PDF). International Convention Centre. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
35. "Eurovision Song Contest 1999". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 6 March 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
36. "Dafna Dekel: 'I wouldn't mind hosting Eurovision again'". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 21 August 2021. Archived from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
37. Eurovision Song Contest 1999 (Television programme). Jerusalem, Israel: Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA). 29 May 1999.
38. "Sweden in Eurovision heaven". BBC News . 30 May 1999. Archived from the original on 1 October 2002. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
39. O'Connor 2010, p. 216.
40. "Eurovision Song Contest Israel 1999". Discogs. Archived from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
41. "Eurovision Song Contest: Israel 1999". MusicBrainz. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
42. Escudero, Victor M. (21 September 2017). "#ThrowbackThursday to 40 years ago: Eurovision 1977". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
43. "In a Nutshell". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 31 March 2017. Archived from the original on 26 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
44. Roxburgh 2020, pp. 379–381.
45. Egan, John (22 May 2015). "All Kinds of Everything: a history of Eurovision Postcards". ESC Insight. Archived from the original on 24 May 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
46. Kurris, Denis (1 May 2022). "Eurovision 2022: The theme of this year's Eurovision postcards". ESC Plus. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
47. "Jerusalem 1999 – Charlotte Nilsson". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
48. "Sweden – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
49. "Iceland – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 5 June 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
50. "Croatia – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
51. "Bosnia & Herzegovina – Participation history". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 11 March 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
52. Barlow, Eve (10 May 2018). "Viva la diva! How Eurovision's Dana International made trans identity mainstream". The Guardian . Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
53. "Croatia | Croatie". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 27 November 1999. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
54. "Jerusalem 1999 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
55. "Eurovision legends to perform at Danish final". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 4 March 2014. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
56. "Dublin 1994". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 30 May 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
57. Thorsson & Verhage 2006, pp. 274–275.
58. "Eesti žürii punktid edastab Eurovisioonil Tanel Padar" [The points of the Estonian jury will be announced by Tanel Padar at Eurovision] (in Estonian). Muusika Planeet. 14 May 2022. Archived from the original on 19 May 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
59. Kavanagh, Aoife (31 May 1999). "Standby Jury Ensures Ireland Votes". RTÉ News . Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via RTÉ Libraries and Archives.
60. "Jerusalem 1999 – Detailed voting results". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
61. "Eurovision Song Contest 1999 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
62. "Commentator's guide to the commentators". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 15 May 2011. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
63. Escudero, Victor M. (14 May 2017). "Commentators: The national hosts of Eurovision". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 16 May 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
64. Vodovnik, Dejan (31 May 1999). "Zmaga na Švedsko, Slovenija izpadla" [Sweden wins, Slovenia eliminated]. Delo (in Slovenian). Ljubljana, Slovenia. p. 24. Retrieved 8 December 2024– via Digital Library of Slovenia.
65. "Radio TV Samstag" [Radio TV Saturday]. Freiburger Nachrichten  [ de ] (in German). Fribourg, Switzerland. 29 May 1999. p. 14. Retrieved 26 June 2022– via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
66. "Song Contest : Andi Knoll ratlos wie noch nie" [Eurovision: Andi Knoll at a loss like never before]. Österreich (in German). 17 May 2013. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
67. "Song Contest mit Stermann & Grissemann" [Eurovision with Stermann & Grissemann] (in German). Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF). 1 May 2012. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
68. "Radio en televisie" [Radio and television]. Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant (in Dutch). Vlissingen, Netherlands. 29 May 1999. p. 38. Archived from the original on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
69. "VRT zet grote kanonnen in" [VRT deploy the big guns]. De Standaard (in Dutch). 17 April 2002. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
70. "Samstag 29. Mai | Samedi 29 mai" [Saturday 29 May]. Télé-Revue (in German, French, and Luxembourgish). 27 May 1999. pp. 14–19. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
71. "Prijenos iz Jeruzalema: Eurosong '99" [Broadcast from Jerusalem: Eurosong '99]. Slobodna Dalmacija (in Croatian). Split, Croatia. 29 May 1999. Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
72. "TV επιλογεσ" [TV choices]. Haravgi (in Greek). Nicosia, Cyprus. 29 May 1999. p. 16. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024– via Press and Information Office  [ el ].
73. "Alle tiders programoversigter – Lørdag den 29. maj 1999" [All-time programme overviews – Saturday 29 May 1999] (in Danish). DR. Archived from the original on 2 April 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
74. "TV | Laupäev 29. mai" [TV | Saturday 29 May]. Sõnumileht (in Estonian). 29 May 1999. pp. 29–30. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via DIGAR  [ et ].
75. Hõbemägi, Priit (30 May 1999). "Reikop rõdu viimases reas" [Reikop in the last row of the balcony]. Õhtuleht (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
76. "Télévision | samedi" [Television – Saturday]. La Liberté (in French). Fribourg, Switzerland. 29 May 1999. p. 44. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
77. "Télévision" [Television]. L'Est éclair  [ fr ] (in French). Saint-André-les-Vergers, France. 29 May 1999. p. 31. Retrieved 23 September 2024– via Aube en Champagne.
78. "Sjónvarp | Laugardagur 29. maí" [Television | Saturday 29 May]. Morgunblaðið Dagskrá (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland. 26 May 1999. p. 10. Retrieved 29 May 2024– via Timarit.is.
79. "Sjónvarp | Útvarp" [Television | Radio]. Morgunblaðið Dagskrá (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland. 26 May 1999. p. 33. Retrieved 29 May 2024– via Timarit.is.
80. "Television – Saturday" . The Irish Times Weekend . Dublin, Ireland. 29 May 1999. p. 22. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
81. Murphy, Eoin (12 May 2019). "Pat Kenny's stance on Israel hosting the Eurovision might surprise you". extra.ie. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
82. "Saturday Radio" . The Irish Times Weekend . Dublin, Ireland. 29 May 1999. p. 21. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
83. "على الشاشة الصغيرة | برامج التلفزيون الاسرائيلي" [On the small screen | Israeli television programmes]. Al-Ittihad (in Arabic). Haifa, Israel. 28 May 1999. p. 23. Retrieved 25 October 2023– via National Library of Israel.
84. "Kurier TV program tygodniowy | 29.V – 04.VI" [Kurier TV weekly schedule | 29/05 – 04/06](PDF). Kurier Wileński (in Polish). Vilnius, Lithuania. 29 May 1999. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022– via Polonijna Biblioteka Cyfrowa.
85. Granger, Anthony (5 May 2019). "Lithuania: Darius Užkuraitis Enters Eurovision Commentary Booth For Twenty-Second Contest". Eurovoix. Archived from the original on 5 May 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
86. "Television". Times of Malta . Birkirkara, Malta. 29 May 1999. p. 31.
87. "Songfestival rechtstreeks op TV2" [Eurovision live on TV2]. Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant (in Dutch). Vlissingen, Netherlands. 28 May 1998. p. 9. Archived from the original on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
88. "Radio og TV" [Radio and TV]. Dagsavisen (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norway. 29 May 1999. pp. 53–55. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via National Library of Norway.
89. "Norgeskanalen NRK P1 – Kjøreplan lørdag 29. mai 1999" [The Norwegian channel NRK P1 – Schedule Saturday 29 May 1999] (in Norwegian). NRK. 29 May 1999. p. 14. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via National Library of Norway.(subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries)
90. "Telewizja – sobota" [Television – Saturday]. Dziennik Bałtycki Codziennik (in Polish). Gdańsk, Poland. 28–29 May 1999. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 31 October 2024– via Baltic Digital Library  [ pl ].
91. Erling, Barbara (12 May 2022). "Artur Orzech zapowiada, że skomentuje Eurowizję, ale tym razem na Instagramie" [Artur Orzech announces that he will comment on Eurovision, but this time on Instagram] (in Polish). Press. Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
92. "Samedi 29 mai" [Saturday 29 May]. TV8 (in French). Zofingen, Switzerland. 27 May 1999. pp. 20–25. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via Scriptorium.
93. "Programa da televisão" [Television programme]. A Comarca de Arganil (in Portuguese). 27 May 1999. p. 8. Archived from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
94. Costa, Nelson (12 April 2014). "Luciana Abreu, Rui Unas e Mastiksoul em 'Dança do Campeão'" [Luciana Abreu, Rui Unas and Mastiksoul in 'Dança do Campeão'] (in Portuguese). ESC Portugal. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
95. "televizija in radio" [television and radio]. Delo (in Slovenian). Ljubljana, Slovenia. 29 May 1999. p. 28. Retrieved 4 June 2024– via Digital Library of Slovenia.
96. "Televisión" [Television]. La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Barcelona, Spain. 29 May 1999. p. 8. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
97. "TV & Radio". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden. 29 May 1999. p. 39.
98. "TV Programları" [TV Programme]. Cumhuriyet (in Turkish). Istanbul, Turkey. 29 May 1999. p. 16. Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
99. "Eurovision'da final gecesi" [Eurovision final night]. Milliyet (in Turkish). Istanbul, Turkey. 29 May 1999. p. 30. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
100. "The Eurovision Song Contest – BBC One". Radio Times . 29 May 1999. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via BBC Genome Project.
101. "The Eurovision Song Contest – BBC Radio 2". Radio Times . 29 May 1999. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2022– via BBC Genome Project.
102. "On TV – Eurovision". The Australian Jewish News . Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 28 May 1999. p. 23. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022– via National Library of Israel.
103. "Your BFBS Television programmes" (PDF). Penguin News . Stanley, Falkland Islands. 29 May 1999. Retrieved 25 September 2024– via Jane Cameron National Archives.
104. "Sjónvarpsskráin SvF" [SvF TV schedule]. Oyggjatíðindi (in Faroese and Danish). Hoyvík, Faroe Islands. 28 May 1999. p. 12. Retrieved 15 July 2024– via Infomedia  [ dk ].
105. "Melodi Grand Prix 1999" [Eurovision Song Contest 1999]. Úr luftini (in Faroese and Danish). Tórshavn, Faroe Islands. 28 May 1999. p. 1. Retrieved 17 November 2024– via Infomedia  [ dk ].
106. Sirpa, Pääkkönen (29 May 1999). "Osallistujat saavat nyt valita euroviisukielen" [Participants can now choose a Eurovision language]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
107. "TV1" . Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. 29 May 1999. Archived from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
108. "Radio Suomi" . Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. 29 May 1999. Archived from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
109. "Radio Vega" . Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland. 29 May 1999. Archived from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
110. "KNR Aallakaatitassat | KNR Programmer" [KNR Programmes]. Atuagagdliutit (in Kalaallisut and Danish). Nuuk, Greenland. 27 May 1999. pp. 26–27. Retrieved 15 July 2024– via Timarit.is.
111. "Eirovīzijas Dziesmu konkursa Nacionālā atlase" [National selection for the Eurovision Song Contest] (in Latvian). Digitalizētie Video un Audio (DIVA). Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
112. "Streips kā dalībnieks debitē 'Eirovīzijā'" [Streips debuts as a Eurovision participant] (in Latvian). Delfi. 9 November 2011. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
113. "Sâmbătă 29 mai 1999" [Saturday 29 May 1999]. Panoramic TV. pp. 8–9.
114. "Sâmbătă 29 mai" [Saturday 29 May]. Radio România (in Romanian). p. 8.
115. "Понедельник, 14 июня" [Monday 14 June]. Orenburgskaya Nedelya (in Russian). No. 24. 10 June 1999. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2023– via Integrum (Russian news database).
116. "TV. Воскресенье, 5 декабря" [TV. Sunday 5 December](PDF). Sovetskaya Sibir (in Russian). Novosibirsk, Russia. 26 November 1999. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
117. "Musik am Bildschirm: Stomp, Grandprix, Strauss und Orpheus" [Music on the screen: Stomp, Eurovision, Strauss and Orpheus]. Freiburger Nachrichten  [ de ] (in German). Fribourg, Switzerland. 29 May 1999. p. 14. Retrieved 21 May 2023– via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
118. "Radio". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). Zurich, Switzerland. 29 May 1999. p. 75. Retrieved 29 October 2024– via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
119. Backer, Stina (25 May 2012). "Forgettable song, memorable outfit: The crazy clothes of Eurovision". CNN . Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
120. "Barbara Dex Award – All winners". songfestival.be. 30 May 2021. Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
121. Philips, Roel (25 May 2005). "Martin Vucic wins Barbara Dex Award". ESCToday. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
122. "About Us". The House of Eurovision. Archived from the original on 15 April 2001. Retrieved 25 June 2022.

Bibliography

• O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom: Carlton Books. ISBN   978-1-84732-521-1.
• Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Four: The 1990s. Prestatyn, United Kingdom: Telos Publishing. ISBN   978-1-84583-163-9.
• Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna[Melodifestivalen through the ages: the Swedish selections and international finals] (in Swedish). Stockholm, Sweden: Premium Publishing. pp. 266–267. ISBN   91-89136-29-2.
• Vermeulen, André (2021). Van Canzonissima tot Eurosong: 65 jaar belgische preselecties voor het Eurovisiesongfestival[From Canzonissima to Eurosong: 65 years of Belgian preselections for the Eurovision Song Contest] (in Dutch) (2nd ed.). Leuven, Belgium: Kritak. ISBN   978-94-0147-609-6.

External links

• Eurovision Song Contest official website