Jackson County, Ohio

Jackson County
County
Jackson County Courthouse
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Ohio
Ohio's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 39°01′N82°37′W / 39.02°N 82.62°W / 39.02; -82.62
Country	United States
State	Ohio
Founded	March 1, 1816 [1]
Named for	Andrew Jackson
Seat	Jackson
Largest city	Jackson
Area
• Total	422 sq mi (1,090 km2)
• Land	420 sq mi (1,100 km2)
• Water	1.2 sq mi (3 km2)  0.3%
Population  (2020)
• Total	32,653
• Density	77/sq mi (30/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district	2nd
Website	www.jacksoncountyohio.us

Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,653. ^[2] Its county seat is Jackson. ^[3] The county is named for Andrew Jackson, a hero of the War of 1812 who was subsequently elected President of the United States. ^[4] It is known as "The Little Wales of Ohio." ^[5] Jackson County comprises the Jackson, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Jackson County is north of the Ohio River in eastern Ohio, an area that was long occupied by various tribes of Native Americans. Evidence of this era in the Ohio Valley is found in the area's large burial and ceremonial mounds and petroglyphs including the Leo Petroglyph. ^[6]

Tribes that inhabited the area in the Colonial period included with Mingo, Lenape, and Shawnee. Westward expansion by American pioneers displaced the Indigenous People who were killed in wars or relocated to the Great Plains and placed on reservations following the passage of the Indian Removal Act. The pioneer settlers cleared the land for farming and developed industries around which towns and cities grew. ^[6]

Iron ore was discovered in southern Ohio in the mid-19th century. The combination of deposits of ore and vast stands of old-growth forests made the Hanging Rock Iron Region ideally suited for the iron industry. The Jefferson Iron Furnace was constructed in 1854. It met the growing demand for iron in the developing United States of America. The importance of the furnaces in the Hanging Rock region grew tremendously during the American Civil War. Iron produced in Jackson County was sold to manufacturers under the trademark, "Anchor". This iron was used to build the USS Monitor, an ironclad warship made famous by its contest against the CSS Virginia, a Confederate ironclad sometimes known as the Merrimack, at the Battle of Hampton Roads. ^[6]

The era of iron production in Jackson County began to wane in the years following the Civil War. Demand for iron outstripped the resources in the Hanging Rock Iron Region. Ore deposits had been cleared and what remained was minimal and difficult to extract. Also much of the forested land had been cleared to provide charcoal to fire the furnaces. A combination of a lack of ore and charcoal helped bring about the end of the iron era. Remnants of the Jefferson Iron Furnaces are found in Jackson Lake State Park. ^[6]

Other industries that were in the area included coal mining and salt mining. Over a million tons of coal were mined in 1888. Jackson County was the second leading coal producing county in the state during the coal mining era. Salt mines along Salt Creek were set aside "by Congress for the use of the state to secure the salt." Indian tribes also used the area and came from great distances to gather salt. ^[6]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 422 square miles (1,090 km²), of which 420 square miles (1,100 km²) is land and 1.2 square miles (3.1 km²) (0.3%) is water. ^[7]

Adjacent counties

• Vinton County (north)
• Gallia County (east)
• Lawrence County (south)
• Scioto County (southwest)
• Pike County (west)
• Ross County (northwest)

National protected areas

• Wayne National Forest (part)

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1820	3,746		—
1830	5,941		58.6%
1840	9,744		64.0%
1850	12,719		30.5%
1860	17,941		41.1%
1870	21,759		21.3%
1880	23,686		8.9%
1890	28,408		19.9%
1900	34,248		20.6%
1910	30,791		−10.1%
1920	27,342		−11.2%
1930	25,040		−8.4%
1940	27,004		7.8%
1950	27,767		2.8%
1960	29,372		5.8%
1970	27,174		−7.5%
1980	30,592		12.6%
1990	30,230		−1.2%
2000	32,641		8.0%
2010	33,225		1.8%
2020	32,653		−1.7%
U.S. Decennial Census [8] 1790-1960 [9] 1900-1990 [10] 1990-2000 [11] 2020 [2]

2000 census

As of the census ^[12] of 2000, there were 32,641 people, 12,619 households, and 9,136 families living in the county. The population density was 78 people per square mile (30 people/km²). There were 13,909 housing units at an average density of 33 units per square mile (13/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.89% White, 0.59% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.16% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 0.60% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. In 2010 16.5% were of German, 12.9% American, 11.3% Irish, 10.4% English, 5.2% Welsh, 2.4% Scottish, and 1.6% Ulster Scot.

Jackson County, Ohio Airport (James A. Rhodes Airport)

There were 12,619 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.6% were non-families. 24.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,661, and the median income for a family was $36,022. Males had a median income of $30,651 versus $21,546 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,789. About 13.6% of families and 16.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 16.1% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 33,225 people, 13,010 households, and 9,028 families living in the county. ^[13] The population density was 79.0 inhabitants per square mile (30.5/km²). There were 14,587 housing units at an average density of 34.7 units per square mile (13.4 units/km²). ^[14] The racial makeup of the county was 97.1% white, 0.6% black or African American, 0.4% American Indian, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.8% of the population. ^[13] In terms of ancestry, 16.1% were German, 12.3% were American, 11.6% were Irish, 10.6% were English and 4.4% were Welsh. ^[15]

Of the 13,010 households, 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.9% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.6% were non-families, and 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.01. The median age was 39.0 years. ^[13]

The median income for a household in the county was $34,044 and the median income for a family was $42,560. Males had a median income of $36,910 versus $28,618 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,775. About 18.1% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.5% of those under age 18 and 11.5% of those age 65 or over. ^[16]

Politics

Jackson County typically leans Republican in presidential elections.

United States presidential election results for Jackson County, Ohio ^[17]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	11,309	76.36%	3,311	22.36%	190	1.28%
2016	9,949	72.22%	3,226	23.42%	601	4.36%
2012	7,904	58.97%	5,166	38.54%	334	2.49%
2008	8,219	58.51%	5,397	38.42%	431	3.07%
2004	8,585	59.89%	5,700	39.77%	49	0.34%
2000	6,958	55.71%	5,131	41.08%	401	3.21%
1996	4,922	40.69%	5,538	45.79%	1,635	13.52%
1992	5,422	42.09%	5,016	38.94%	2,445	18.98%
1988	6,671	59.21%	4,505	39.98%	91	0.81%
1984	7,411	62.24%	4,369	36.69%	128	1.07%
1980	5,902	55.06%	4,409	41.13%	408	3.81%
1976	5,987	46.69%	6,699	52.25%	136	1.06%
1972	7,351	67.30%	3,410	31.22%	162	1.48%
1968	5,870	53.52%	4,021	36.66%	1,077	9.82%
1964	4,949	41.22%	7,056	58.78%	0	0.00%
1960	7,973	58.96%	5,549	41.04%	0	0.00%
1956	8,106	64.65%	4,432	35.35%	0	0.00%
1952	7,223	59.18%	4,983	40.82%	0	0.00%
1948	5,782	53.17%	5,059	46.52%	33	0.30%
1944	6,786	59.26%	4,666	40.74%	0	0.00%
1940	7,551	54.20%	6,382	45.80%	0	0.00%
1936	6,853	50.04%	6,802	49.67%	39	0.28%
1932	6,932	55.06%	5,543	44.03%	115	0.91%
1928	7,129	71.40%	2,775	27.79%	81	0.81%
1924	5,977	61.45%	2,848	29.28%	902	9.27%
1920	5,949	54.43%	4,878	44.63%	102	0.93%
1916	3,116	50.23%	2,922	47.11%	165	2.66%
1912	1,860	30.06%	2,049	33.12%	2,278	36.82%
1908	4,489	55.84%	3,235	40.24%	315	3.92%
1904	5,353	69.12%	2,072	26.76%	319	4.12%
1900	4,932	58.89%	3,313	39.56%	130	1.55%
1896	4,439	53.46%	3,786	45.59%	79	0.95%
1892	3,323	51.36%	2,622	40.53%	525	8.11%
1888	3,570	53.67%	2,628	39.51%	454	6.83%
1884	3,427	55.97%	2,575	42.05%	121	1.98%
1880	2,763	57.04%	2,031	41.93%	50	1.03%
1876	2,522	56.24%	1,954	43.58%	8	0.18%
1872	2,258	58.83%	1,555	40.52%	25	0.65%
1868	2,083	56.37%	1,612	43.63%	0	0.00%
1864	1,957	59.77%	1,317	40.23%	0	0.00%
1860	1,738	53.17%	1,436	43.93%	95	2.91%
1856	938	34.27%	1,383	50.53%	416	15.20%

Government

Jackson County has a three-member Board of County Commissioners that administers and oversees the various County departments, similar to all but two of the 88 Ohio counties.

Jackson County's elected officials are:

• County Commissioners: Ed Armstrong (R), Jon Hensler (R), and Paul Haller (R)
• County Auditor: Tiffany Ridgeway (R)
• Clerk Of Courts: Seth Michael (R)
• Common Pleas Court: Judge Christopher Regan (R)
• County Coroner: Dr. Alice Frazier (R)
• County Engineer: Melissa Miller, P.E., P.S. (R)
• Juvenile Court: Judge Justin W. Skaggs
• Municipal Court: Judge Mark T. Musick (D)
• Probate Court: Judge Justin W. Skaggs
• Prosecuting Attorney: Justin Lovett (R)
• County Recorder: Rose Cherrington Walters (R)
• County Sheriff: Tedd Frazier (R)
• County Treasurer: B. Lee Hubbard, CPA (R)

Communities

Map of Jackson County, Ohio with Municipal and Township Labels

Cities

• Jackson (county seat)
• Wellston

Villages

• Coalton
• Oak Hill

Townships

• Bloomfield
• Coal
• Franklin
• Hamilton
• Jackson
• Jefferson
• Liberty
• Lick
• Madison
• Milton
• Scioto
• Washington

Unincorporated communities

• Altoona
• Banner
• Big Rock
• Blackfork Junction
• Brocks Corner
• Buckeye
• Buffalo
• Byer
• Camba
• Chapman
• Clay
• Comet
• Davisville
• Englishville
• Four Mile
• Garfield
• Glade
• Glen Nell
• Glen Roy
• Goldsboro
• Horeb
• Ironton Junction
• Jackson Heights
• Jonestown
• Keystone
• Kitchen
• Leo
• Lesmil
• Limerick
• Mabee Corner
• Monroe
• Mulga
• Oakland
• Orpheus
• Pattonsville
• Petersburg
• Petrea
• Pyro
• Ratchford
• Rempel
• Roads
• Rocky Hill
• Savageville
• Tom Corwin
• Wainwright
• Winchester
• Vega

See also

• Jackson County Apple Festival
• Leo Petroglyph
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Jackson County, Ohio

References

1. "Ohio County Profiles: Jackson County" (PDF). Ohio Department of Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2007. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
2. 2020 census
3. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
4. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp.  167.
5. "Welcome to the Welsh Surname Shop, Celebrating the Surnames and Names of Wales". thewelshsurnameshop.com. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
6. "Jackson Lake State Park". Ohio Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
7. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on May 4, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
8. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
9. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
10. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
11. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
12. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
13. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
14. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
15. "DP02 Selected Social Characteristics in the United States – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
16. "DP03 Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
17. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 10, 2018.

External links

• County website
• Jackson Area Chamber of Commerce
• Jackson County Emergency Management Agency
• Jackson County Geographic Information System
• Jackson County Sheriff's Office
• History of Jackson County, Ohio
• Buckeye Furnace - reconstructed charcoal-fired iron blast furnace with original stack

39°01′N82°37′W / 39.02°N 82.62°W / 39.02; -82.62