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Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands Føroya løgmaður | |
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Inaugural holder | Gilli Andrass Samuelsen |
Formation | c. 1000 12 May 1948 |
Deputy | Deputy Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands |
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of the Faroe Islands |
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Related topics |
This is a list of Lawmen and Prime Ministers of the Faroe Islands .
The Faroe Islands, or the Faeroe Islands, is a North Atlantic archipelago located 320 kilometres (200 mi) north-northwest of Scotland, and about halfway between Norway and Iceland. It is an autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark. Their total area is about 1,400 square kilometres (540 sq mi) with a population of 50,322 in October 2017.
The Faroese term for the function, Løgmaður (plural: Løgmenn) literally means "Lawman" and originally covered the legal function as lawspeaker, but the old title was resumed and changed to mean head of government after the islands obtained Home Rule in 1948. In recent decades the Faroese government has started using Prime Minister as the official English translation of Løgmaður, reflection the increased autonomy of the islands, but this translation does not apply to the pre-1816 office, only the modern leaders of the Faroese government.
Faroese is a North Germanic language spoken as a first language by about 72,000 people, around 49,000 of whom reside on the Faroe Islands and 23,000 in other areas, mainly Denmark. It is one of five languages descended from Old West Norse spoken in the Middle Ages, the others being Norwegian, Icelandic, and the extinct Norn and Greenlandic Norse. Faroese and Icelandic, its closest extant relative, are not mutually intelligible in speech, but the written languages resemble each other quite closely, largely owing to Faroese's etymological orthography.
A lawspeaker or lawman is a unique Scandinavian legal office. It has its basis in a common Germanic oral tradition, where wise people were asked to recite the law, but it was only in Scandinavia that the function evolved into an office. Two of the most famous lawspeakers are Snorri Sturluson and Torgny the Lawspeaker.
Many of the earlier holders of this position are not known.
Name | Born–Died | Term of Office |
---|---|---|
Gilli | c. 1000 | |
Sjúrður | c. 1300 | |
Símun | c. 1350 | |
Dagfinnur Halvdanarson | c. 1400 | |
Haraldur Kálvsson | c. 1412 | |
Roald | c. 1450 | |
Jørundur Skógdrívsson | 1479–1524 | |
Tórmóður Sigurðsson | 1524–1531 | |
Andras Guttormsson | c. 1490–1543 | 1531–1544 |
Guttormur Andrasson | Died 1572 | 1544–1572 |
Jógvan Heinason | 1541–1602 | 1572–1583 |
Ísak Guttormsson | Died 1587 | 1583–1588 |
Pætur Jákupsson | 1588–1601 | |
Tummas Símunarson | Died 1608 | 1601–1608 |
Zakarias Tormóðsson | Died 1628 | 1608–1628 |
Jógvan Justinusson | Died 1654 | 1629–1654 |
Jógvan Poulsen (1st time) | 1654–1655 | |
Balzer Jacobsen | 1655–1661 | |
Jógvan Poulsen (2nd time) | 1662–1677 | |
Jákup Jógvansson | 1677–1679 | |
Jóhan Hendrik Weyhe | 1679–1706 | |
Sámal Pætursson Lamhauge | Died 1752 | 1706–1752 |
Hans Jákupsson Debes | 1723–1769 | 1752–1769 |
Thorkild Fjeldsted | 1741–1796 | 1769–1772 |
Jacob Hveding | 1772–1786 | |
Johan Michael Lund | 1753–1824 | 1786–1808 |
Jørgen Frantz Hammershaimb | 1767–1820 | 1808–1816 |
Nº | Took Office | Left Office | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Political affiliation | Election |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 12 May 1948 | 15 December 1950 | Andrass Samuelsen (1873–1954) | Sambandsflokkurin | 1946 | |
2 | 15 December 1950 | 8 January 1959 | Kristian Djurhuus (1895–1984) | Sambandsflokkurin | 1950 1954 | |
3 | 8 January 1959 | 4 January 1963 | Peter Mohr Dam (1898–1968) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 1958 | |
4 | 4 January 1963 | 12 January 1967 | Hákun Djurhuus (1908–1987) | Fólkaflokkurin | 1962 | |
(3) | 12 January 1967 | 19 November 1968 | Peter Mohr Dam (1898–1968) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 1966 | |
(2) | 19 November 1968 | 12 December 1970 | Kristian Djurhuus (1895–1984) | Sambandsflokkurin | 1966 | |
5 | 12 December 1970 | 5 January 1981 | Atli Dam (1932–2005) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 1970 1974 1978 | |
6 | 5 January 1981 | 10 January 1985 | Pauli Ellefsen (1936–2012) | Sambandsflokkurin | 1980 | |
(5) | 10 January 1985 | 18 January 1989 | Atli Dam (1932–2005) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 1984 | |
7 | 18 January 1989 | 15 January 1991 | Jógvan Sundstein (1933– ) | Fólkaflokkurin | 1988 | |
(5) | 15 January 1991 | 18 January 1993 | Atli Dam (1932–2005) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 1990 | |
8 | 18 January 1993 | 15 September 1994 | Marita Petersen (1940–2001) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 1990 | |
9 | 15 September 1994 | 15 May 1998 | Edmund Joensen (1944– ) | Sambandsflokkurin | 1994 | |
10 | 15 May 1998 | 3 February 2004 | Anfinn Kallsberg (1947– ) | Fólkaflokkurin | 1998 2002 | |
11 | 3 February 2004 | 26 September 2008 | Jóannes Eidesgaard (1951– ) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 2004 | |
12 | 26 September 2008 | 15 September 2015 | Kaj Leo Johannesen (1964– ) | Sambandsflokkurin | 2008 2011 | |
13 | 15 September 2015 | Incumbent | Aksel V. Johannesen (1972– ) | Javnaðarflokkurin | 2015 |
The politics of the Faroe Islands a "constituent country" of the Kingdom of Denmark, function within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic dependency, whereby the Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. The Faroe Islands are politically associated with the Kingdom of Denmark, but have been self-governing since 1948. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Løgting. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature and the responsibility of Denmark. As of October 25, 2007, the Faroe Islands became one electoral district.
The Løgting is the unicameral parliament of the Faroe Islands, an autonomous country within the Danish Realm.
Jóannes Dan Eidesgaard is a former Faroese politician. He was the Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands from 2004, starting shortly after the general election of 20 January 2004, until 26 September 2008, when a new coalition took office. He served as Finance Minister from 1996 to 1998 and again from 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Danish Folketing representing the Faroe Islands from 11 March 1998 until 20 November 2001.
Atli Pætursson Dam was Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands on five separate occasions, which is the longest period for any Faroese prime minister (løgmaður). He was prime minister in the periods: 1970–1981, 1985–1989 and 1991–1993.
The coat of arms of the Faroe Islands first appears on one of the medieval chairs in Kirkjubøur from around the 15th century. It depicts a silver ram passant with golden hooves and horns on an azure shield. Later uses show a ram in a seal used by the Løgrættumenn, members of the Old Faroese law Court, the Løgting.
Anfinn Kallsberg is a Faroese politician, former prime minister, and the former leader of the People's Party. First elected to the Faroese parliament in 1980 and consecutively since then, Kallsberg served as Fisheries Minister from 1983 to 1985 and for 5 months in Jógvan Sundstein's first coalition government in 1989, and as Economics and Finance Minister from 1996 to 1998 in a coalition led by Edmund Joensen.
Marita Petersen was the first and to date only female Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands and the first female speaker of the Løgting (Parliament). She was elected to the Løgting in 1988 for Javnaðarflokkurin . In January 1993, she was elected to the post of Prime Minister which she held until September 1994. Later, she became chairman of the parliament from 1994 to 1995. She was Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands in a very difficult time with economic crisis. Marita Petersen died of cancer in 2001.
Kári Páll Højgaard is a Faroese politician. He was chairman of the Self-Government Party (Sjálvstýrisflokkurin) until April 2015 and is a former President of the West Nordic Council (2008-09) (2011-2012) (2017-2018).
The term "the unity of the Realm" refers to the relationship between Denmark proper, the Faroe Islands and Greenland—the three countries constituting the Kingdom of Denmark.
Jógvan Sundstein is a Faroese politician and member of the Faroese People's Party.
Peter Mohr Dam was a Faroe Islands politician who was one of the founders of the Social Democratic Javnaðarflokkurin party in 1926.
Dan Michael Knudsen was the High Commissioner of the Faroe Islands until 2017. Knudsen was appointed to the office in 2008, succeeding Søren Christensen. He previously worked in the Department of Finance in the Faroese home rule government, 1997–2000:
Early general elections were held in the Faroe Islands on 29 October 2011. Faroese law states that new elections must be held at least once every four years; however, either the Prime Minister (Løgmaður) or a majority of the members of the Faroese Parliament may call an election before the end of this period. The previous elections having been held on 20 January 2008, the latest date on which the next elections could have been held was 19 January 2012. However, the Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands, Kaj Leo Johannesen, announced on 27 September 2011 that elections would be held on 29 October 2011. He gave no particular reason for his decision.
The Cabinet of the Faroe Islands has been the chief executive body and the government of the Faroe Islands since the islands became self-governing in 1948. The cabinet is led by the Prime Minister (løgmaður). There are around 7 members of the Cabinet, known as "Ministers", all of whom are also heads of specific government ministries. The ministers are appointed by the Prime Minister. The Faroese government currently consists of seven ministers including the Prime Minister.
The Finance Minister of the Faroe Islands is an important part of the Faroese cabinet, and of the Faroese economy.
The Faroese independence movement or the Faroese national movement is a political movement which seeks the establishment of the Faroe Islands as a sovereign state outside Denmark. Reasons for complete autonomy include the linguistic and cultural divide between Denmark and the Faroe Islands as well as their lack of proximity to one another; the Faroe Islands are about 990 km from Danish shores.
The Cabinet of Aksel V. Johannesen is the current government of the Faroe Islands. It was appointed on 15 September 2015 with Aksel V. Johannesen from Social Democratic Party (Javnaðarflokkurin) as Prime Minister, making a coalition between Social Democratic Party, Republic and Progress. The cabinet consists of four men and four women; this is the first time ever, there has been sex equality in the Faroese government.