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This list of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) includes institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before 1964 with the intention of primarily serving the black community. [1] [2]
Alabama leads the nation with the number of HBCUs, followed by North Carolina, then Georgia. Most are located in the Southern United States, where state laws generally required educational segregation until the 1950s and 1960s.
The list of closed colleges includes many that, because of state laws, were racially segregated. In other words, those colleges are not just "historically" black, they were entirely black for as long as they existed.
Institution | City | State/ territory | Founded | Type | Comment | Regionally accredited [3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama A&M University | Normal | Alabama | 1875 | Public | Founded as "Colored Normal School at Huntsville" | Yes |
Alabama State University | Montgomery | Alabama | 1867 | Public | Founded as "Lincoln Normal School of Marion" | Yes |
Albany State University | Albany | Georgia | 1903 | Public | Founded as "Albany Bible and Manual Training Institute" | Yes |
Alcorn State University | Lorman | Mississippi | 1871 | Public | Founded as "Alcorn University", in honor of James L. Alcorn | Yes |
Allen University | Columbia | South Carolina | 1870 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Founded as "Payne Institute" | Yes |
American Baptist College | Nashville | Tennessee | 1924 | Private [lower-alpha 2] | Federal designation as a historically Black college or university was awarded on March 20, 2013 by the U.S. Education Department. [4] | Yes |
University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff | Pine Bluff | Arkansas | 1873 | Public | Founded as "Branch Normal College" | Yes |
Arkansas Baptist College | Little Rock | Arkansas | 1884 | Private [lower-alpha 3] | Founded as "Minister’s Institute" [5] | Yes |
Barber–Scotia College | Concord | North Carolina | 1867 | Private [lower-alpha 4] | Founded as two institutions, Scotia Seminary and Barber Memorial College | No |
Benedict College | Columbia | South Carolina | 1870 | Private [lower-alpha 5] | Founded as "Benedict Institute" | Yes |
Bennett College | Greensboro | North Carolina | 1873 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Founded as "Bennett Seminary" | Yes |
Bethune–Cookman University | Daytona Beach | Florida | 1904 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Founded as "Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls" | Yes |
Bishop State Community College | Mobile | Alabama | 1927 | Public | Originally a branch of Alabama State College | Yes |
Bluefield State University | Bluefield | West Virginia | 1895 | Public | Founded as "Bluefield Colored Institute" | Yes |
Bowie State University | Bowie | Maryland | 1865 | Public | Founded as "Baltimore Normal School" | Yes |
Central State University | Wilberforce | Ohio | 1887 | Public [lower-alpha 1] | Originally a department at Wilberforce University [6] | Yes |
Cheyney University of Pennsylvania | Cheyney | Pennsylvania | 1837 | Public | The oldest HBCU. Founded by Quaker philanthropist Richard Humphreys as "Institute for Colored Youth" | Yes |
Claflin University | Orangeburg | South Carolina | 1869 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Yes | |
Clark Atlanta University | Atlanta | Georgia | 1865 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Originally two institutions, Clark College and Atlanta University | Yes |
Clinton College | Rock Hill | South Carolina | 1894 | Private [lower-alpha 7] | Founded as "Clinton Institute" [7] | Yes |
Coahoma Community College | Coahoma County | Mississippi | 1924 | Public | Founded as "Coahoma County Agricultural High School" | Yes |
Coppin State University | Baltimore | Maryland | 1900 | Public | Founded as "Colored High School" | Yes |
Delaware State University | Dover | Delaware | 1891 | Public | Founded as "The Delaware College for Colored Students" | Yes |
Denmark Technical College | Denmark | South Carolina | 1947 | Public | Founded as "Denmark Area Trade School" [8] | Yes |
Dillard University | New Orleans | Louisiana | 1869 | Private [lower-alpha 8] [lower-alpha 6] | Founding predecessor institutions: "Straight University" and "New Orleans University" | Yes |
University of the District of Columbia | Washington | District of Columbia | 1851 | Public | Founded as "Miner Normal School" | Yes |
Edward Waters University | Jacksonville | Florida | 1866 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Founded as "Brown Theological Institute" | Yes |
Elizabeth City State University | Elizabeth City | North Carolina | 1891 | Public | Founded as "State Colored Normal School at Elizabeth City" | Yes |
Fayetteville State University | Fayetteville | North Carolina | 1867 | Public | Founded as "Howard School" | Yes |
Fisk University | Nashville | Tennessee | 1866 | Private [lower-alpha 8] [9] | Named for Clinton Bowen Fisk | Yes |
Florida A&M University | Tallahassee | Florida | 1887 | Public | Founded as "State Normal College for Colored Students" | Yes |
Florida Memorial University | Miami Gardens | Florida | 1879 | Private [lower-alpha 5] | Founded as "Florida Baptist Institute in Live Oak" | Yes |
Fort Valley State University | Fort Valley | Georgia | 1895 | Public | Founded as "Fort Valley High and Industrial School" | Yes |
Gadsden State Community College | Gadsden | Alabama | 1925 | Public | Founded as "Alabama School of Trades" | Yes |
Grambling State University | Grambling | Louisiana | 1901 | Public | Founded as "Colored Industrial and Agricultural School" | Yes |
Hampton University | Hampton | Virginia | 1868 | Private [lower-alpha 9] | Founded as "Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute" | Yes |
Harris–Stowe State University | St. Louis | Missouri | 1857 | Public | Founded as "St. Louis Normal School" for whites in 1857, with Stowe Teachers College begun in 1890 for blacks; merged in 1954 [10] | Yes |
Hinds Community College at Utica | Utica | Mississippi | 1903 | Public | Founded as "Utica Junior College" | Yes |
Howard University | Washington | District of Columbia | 1867 | Private [lower-alpha 9] | Named for General Oliver Otis Howard, head of the Freedmen's Bureau | Yes |
Huston–Tillotson University | Austin | Texas | 1875 | Private [lower-alpha 6] U.C.C. [lower-alpha 8] | Founded as "Tillotson Collegiate and Normal Institute" | Yes |
Interdenominational Theological Center | Atlanta | Georgia | 1958 | Private [lower-alpha 10] | Yes | |
J. F. Drake State Technical College | Huntsville | Alabama | 1961 | Public | Founded as "Huntsville State Vocational Technical School" | Yes |
Jackson State University | Jackson | Mississippi | 1877 | Public | Founded as "Natchez Seminary" by the American Baptist Home Mission Society, became public in 1942 | Yes |
Jarvis Christian University | Hawkins | Texas | 1912 | Private [lower-alpha 11] | Yes | |
Johnson C. Smith University | Charlotte | North Carolina | 1867 | Private [lower-alpha 4] | Founded as "Biddle Memorial Institute" | Yes |
Kentucky State University | Frankfort | Kentucky | 1886 | Public | Founded as "State Normal School for Colored Persons" | Yes |
Knoxville College | Knoxville (Mechanicsville) | Tennessee | 1875 | Private [lower-alpha 12] | No | |
Lane College | Jackson | Tennessee | 1882 | Private [lower-alpha 13] | Founded as "Colored Methodist Episcopal High School" [11] | Yes |
Langston University | Langston | Oklahoma | 1897 | Public | Founded as "Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University" | Yes |
Lawson State Community College | Bessemer | Alabama | 1949 | Public | Yes | |
LeMoyne–Owen College | Memphis | Tennessee | 1862 | Private [lower-alpha 8] | Founded as "LeMoyne Normal and Commercial School" [12] (elementary school until 1870) | Yes |
Lincoln University | Chester County | Pennsylvania | 1854 | Public | The first degree-granting HBCU. Founded as "Ashmun Institute" | Yes |
Lincoln University of Missouri | Jefferson City | Missouri | 1866 | Public | Founded as "Lincoln Institute" [13] | Yes |
Livingstone College | Salisbury | North Carolina | 1879 | Private [lower-alpha 7] | Founded as "Zion Wesley Institute" | Yes |
University of Maryland Eastern Shore | Princess Anne | Maryland | 1886 | Public [lower-alpha 14] | Founded as "Delaware Conference Academy" | Yes |
Meharry Medical College | Nashville | Tennessee | 1876 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Founded as the Medical Department of Central Tennessee College | Yes |
Miles College | Fairfield | Alabama | 1898 | Private [lower-alpha 13] | Known until 1941 as "Miles Memorial College"; named after Bishop William H. Miles | Yes |
Mississippi Valley State University | Itta Bena | Mississippi | 1950 | Public | Founded as "Mississippi Vocational College" | Yes |
Morehouse College | Atlanta | Georgia | 1867 | Private [lower-alpha 15] | Founded as "Augusta Institute" | Yes |
Morehouse School of Medicine | Atlanta | Georgia | 1975 | Private [lower-alpha 9] | Founded as a part of Morehouse College | Yes |
Morgan State University | Baltimore | Maryland | 1867 | Public [lower-alpha 14] | Founded as "Centenary Biblical Institute" | Yes |
Morris Brown College | Atlanta | Georgia | 1881 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Named after the second Bishop in the African Methodist Episcopal Church | Yes |
Morris College | Sumter | South Carolina | 1908 | Private [lower-alpha 16] | Yes | |
Norfolk State University | Norfolk | Virginia | 1935 | Public | Founded as "Norfolk Unit of Virginia State University" [14] | Yes |
North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University | Greensboro | North Carolina | 1891 | Public | Founded as "The Agricultural & Mechanical College for the Colored Race" | Yes |
North Carolina Central University | Durham | North Carolina | 1910 | Public | Founded as "National Religious Training School and Chautauqua" | Yes |
Oakwood University | Huntsville | Alabama | 1896 | Private [lower-alpha 17] | Founded as "Oakwood Industrial School" | Yes |
Paine College | Augusta | Georgia | 1882 | Private [lower-alpha 6] [lower-alpha 13] | Founded as "Paine Institute" | Yes |
Paul Quinn College | Dallas | Texas | 1872 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Named for William Paul Quinn | Yes |
Payne Theological Seminary | Wilberforce | Ohio | 1856 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Named for Bishop Daniel Payne. Founded as a seminary with Wilberforce University in 1856. Later became Payne Theological Seminary in 1894. | Yes |
Philander Smith University | Little Rock | Arkansas | 1877 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Founded as "Walden Seminary" | Yes |
Prairie View A&M University | Prairie View | Texas | 1876 | Public | Founded as "Alta Vista Agriculture & Mechanical College for Colored Youth" [15] | Yes |
Rust College | Holly Springs | Mississippi | 1866 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Known as "Shaw University" until 1882 | Yes |
Savannah State University | Savannah | Georgia | 1890 | Public | Founded as "Georgia State Industrial College for Colored Youth" | Yes |
Selma University | Selma | Alabama | 1878 | Private [lower-alpha 18] | Founded as "Alabama Baptist Normal and Theological School" | Yes |
Shaw University | Raleigh | North Carolina | 1865 | Private [lower-alpha 2] | Founded as "Raleigh Institute" | Yes |
Shorter College | North Little Rock | Arkansas | 1886 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Two-year college; founded as "Bethel University" | Yes [16] |
Shelton State Community College | Tuscaloosa | Alabama | 1952 | Public | Founded as "J.P. Shelton Trade School" | Yes |
Simmons College | Louisville | Kentucky | 1869 | Private [lower-alpha 9] | Founded as Kentucky Normal Technological Institute | Yes |
South Carolina State University | Orangeburg | South Carolina | 1896 | Public | Founded as "Colored, Normal, Industrial, Agricultural, and Mechanical College of South Carolina" | Yes |
Southern University at New Orleans | New Orleans | Louisiana | 1956 | Public | Founded as a branch unit of Southern University in Baton Rouge | Yes |
Southern University at Shreveport | Shreveport | Louisiana | 1967 | Public | Part of the Southern University System | Yes |
Southern University and A&M College | Baton Rouge | Louisiana | 1880 | Public | Conceptualized by P. B. S. Pinchback, T. T. Allain, and Henry Demas | Yes |
Southwestern Christian College | Terrell | Texas | 1948 | Private [lower-alpha 19] | Founded as "Southern Bible Institute" [17] | Yes |
Spelman College | Atlanta | Georgia | 1881 | Private [lower-alpha 15] | Founded as "Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary" | Yes |
St. Augustine's University | Raleigh | North Carolina | 1867 | Private [lower-alpha 20] | No | |
St. Philip's College | San Antonio | Texas | 1898 | Public [lower-alpha 20] | Founded as "St. Philip's Sewing Class for Girls" [18] | Yes |
Stillman College | Tuscaloosa | Alabama | 1876 | Private [lower-alpha 4] | Founded as Tuscaloosa Institute, the College was a concept of Reverend Dr. Charles Allen Stillman, pastor of First Presbyterian Church of Tuscaloosa [19] | Yes |
Talladega College | Talladega | Alabama | 1867 | Private [lower-alpha 8] | Known as "Swayne School" until 1869 | Yes |
Tennessee State University | Nashville | Tennessee | 1912 | Public | Founded as "Agricultural and Industrial State Normal School" | Yes |
Texas College | Tyler | Texas | 1894 | Private [lower-alpha 13] | Yes | |
Texas Southern University | Houston | Texas | 1927 | Public | Founded as "Texas State University for Negroes" | Yes |
Tougaloo College | Hinds County | Mississippi | 1869 | Private [lower-alpha 21] | Founded as "Tougaloo University" | Yes |
Trenholm State Community College | Montgomery | Alabama | 1947 | Public | Founded as "John M. Patterson Technical School" [21] | Yes |
Tuskegee University | Tuskegee | Alabama | 1881 | Private [lower-alpha 9] | Founded as Tuskegee Institute, Now a National Historic Site | Yes |
University of the Virgin Islands | St. Croix & St. Thomas | United States Virgin Islands | 1962 | Public | Founded as "College of the Virgin Islands" | Yes |
Virginia State University | Petersburg | Virginia | 1882 | Public | Founded as "Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute at Petersburg" | Yes |
Virginia Union University | Richmond | Virginia | 1865 | Private [lower-alpha 5] | Founded as "Wayland Seminary," and merged with Richmond Institute (1865) in 1889 [22] | Yes |
Virginia University of Lynchburg | Lynchburg | Virginia | 1886 | Private [lower-alpha 22] | Founded as "Lynchburg Baptist Seminary" | Yes |
Voorhees University | Denmark | South Carolina | 1897 | Private [lower-alpha 20] | Founded as "Denmark Industrial School" | Yes |
West Virginia State University | Institute | West Virginia | 1891 | Public | Founded as "West Virginia Colored Institute" | Yes |
Wilberforce University | Wilberforce | Ohio | 1856 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Named for William Wilberforce. Oldest HBCU to retain its original name, and the first college to be owned and operated by African Americans. | Yes |
Wiley University | Marshall | Texas | 1873 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Named for Isaac William Wiley; was Wiley College 1929–2023 | Yes |
Winston-Salem State University | Winston-Salem | North Carolina | 1892 | Public | Founded as "Slater Industrial and State Normal School" | Yes |
Xavier University of Louisiana | New Orleans | Louisiana | 1915 | Private [lower-alpha 23] | Founded as Xavier Preparatory High School | Yes |
Institution | City | State | Founded | Closed | Type | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Avery College | Pittsburgh | Pennsylvania | 1849 | 1873 | Private [lower-alpha 1] | Though the records are scant, it appears that Avery College suspended operations in 1873, the year of a great nationwide financial panic. Trustees considered selling the school property to the marker University of Western Pennsylvania (University of Pittsburgh), which had reluctantly accepted Avery's donation to assist in educating a handful of African-American students. Nothing came of the negotiations, however, and Avery College never reopened. As late as 1908, the trustees were debating whether to establish a manual training school or a hospital and nursing school facility on the property. Years later the original three-story building was demolished to make way for a new highway project.[ citation needed ] |
Bishop College | Dallas | Texas | 1881 | 1988 | Private [lower-alpha 2] | Founded in Marshall, Texas; later moved to Dallas. |
Bishop Payne Divinity School | Petersburg | Virginia | 1878 | 1949 | Private [lower-alpha 3] | Before gaining the right to award bachelor's degrees in 1910, it was the Bishop Payne Divinity and Industrial School. When first founded it was a "normal and industrial" school. |
Booker T. Washington Junior College | Pensacola | Florida | 1949 | 1965 | Public | The first of twelve black junior colleges created in Florida, it closed after passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Nominally merged with Pensacola Junior College. |
J. P. Campbell College | Started in Vicksburg, moved to Jackson in 1898 | Mississippi | 1890 | 1964 | Private [lower-alpha 4] | Located across the street from Jackson College, now Jackson State University, J. P. Campbell College famously admitted students expelled from high school for participating in the Civil Rights Movement. Then, amidst a failed plan to relocate to Mound Bayou, Mississippi, a black town, it collapsed financially. [23] |
Carver Junior College | Cocoa | Florida | 1960 | 1963 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Collier-Blocker Junior College | Palatka | Florida | 1960 | 1964 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Concordia College Alabama | Selma | Alabama | 1922 | 2018 | Private [lower-alpha 5] | Known as "Alabama Lutheran Academy and Junior College" until 1981; It was the only historically black college among the ten colleges and universities in the Concordia University System. The college ceased operations at the completion of the Spring 2018 semester, citing years of financial distress and declining enrollment. |
Daniel Payne College | Birmingham | Alabama | 1889 | 1979 | Private [lower-alpha 4] | |
Friendship College | Rock Hill | South Carolina | 1891 | 1981 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | |
George R. Smith College | Sedalia | Missouri | 1894 | 1925 | Private [lower-alpha 7] | It burned down April 26, 1925, after which its assets were merged (in 1933) with the Philander Smith College |
Georgia Baptist College | Macon | Georgia | 1899 | 1956 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | Originally known as Central City College, renamed in 1938. |
Gibbs Junior College | St. Petersburg | Florida | 1957 | 1966 | Public | Regionally accredited. Founded to show that separate but equal educational institutions for African Americans were viable, and that racial integration, mandated by Brown v. Board of Education, was unnecessary. Closed shortly after passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; nominally merged with St. Petersburg Junior College (today St. Petersburg College). |
Guadalupe College | Seguin | Texas | 1884 | 1936 | Private [lower-alpha 8] | Ceased operations after a fire destroyed the main building in 1936. [24] |
Hampton Junior College | Ocala | Florida | 1958 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Immanuel Lutheran College | Greensboro | North Carolina | 1903 | 1961 | Private [lower-alpha 9] | The college was closed in 1961 when the Synodical Conference decided that the training of Blacks should be integrated into the educational institutions of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod, the largest member of the conference. The state of North Carolina purchased the campus for $239,000 and it eventually became the East Campus of North Carolina A&T State University. |
Jackson Junior College | Marianna | Florida | 1961 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Johnson Junior College | Leesburg | Florida | 1960 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Kittrell College | Kittrell | North Carolina | 1886 | 1975 | Private [lower-alpha 4] | |
Leland University | New Orleans | Louisiana | 1870 | 1960 | Private [lower-alpha 2] | Founded as a grade school in New Orleans, Leland was a Baker, Louisiana-based Baptist University when it closed. |
Lewis College of Business | Detroit | Michigan | 1928 | 2013 [25] | Private [lower-alpha 7] | Founded as "Lewis Business College", in the process of being reopened under a new name. |
Lincoln Junior College | Fort Pierce | Florida | 1960 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Luther College | New Orleans | Louisiana | 1903 | 1925 | Private [lower-alpha 9] | |
Mary Holmes College | West Point | Mississippi | 1892 | 2005 | Private [lower-alpha 10] | |
Mississippi Industrial College | Holly Springs | Mississippi | 1905 | 1982 | Private [lower-alpha 11] | |
Morristown College | Morristown | Tennessee | 1881 | 1994 | Private [lower-alpha 12] | Founded as a seminary and normal school in the late 1870s, became Knoxville College's satellite campus in 1989, and closed for good in 1994. |
Mount Hermon Female Seminary | Clinton | Mississippi | 1875 | 1924 | Private [lower-alpha 13] | |
Natchez College | Natchez | Mississippi | 1885 | 1993 | Private [lower-alpha 6] | |
Payne College | Cuthbert | Georgia | 1879 | 1912 | Private [lower-alpha 7] | On June 5, 1912, it became part of Morris Brown University [26] |
Roger Williams University | Nashville | Tennessee | 1864 | 1929 | Private [lower-alpha 2] | Two suspicious fires destroyed its main building in 1905. Financial problems led to its closure in 1929; combined with other institutions to form LeMoyne–Owen College. |
Roosevelt Junior College | West Palm Beach | Florida | 1958 | 1965 | Public | Regionally accredited. One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Rosenwald Junior College | Panama City | Florida | 1958 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Saint Paul's College | Lawrenceville | Virginia | 1888 | 2013 | Private [lower-alpha 3] | Founded as "Saint Paul Normal and Industrial School". Closed June 2013. |
Saints College | Lexington | Mississippi | 1918 | 2006 | Private [lower-alpha 14] | Originated as Saints Junior College and Academy |
Southern Christian Institute | Edwards | Mississippi | 1908? | 1954 | Private [lower-alpha 15] | Merged into Tougaloo College. For a time thereafter its campus, renamed Mt. Beulah, was used by the Delta Ministry, CDGM, and other civil rights organizations. |
Storer College | Harpers Ferry | West Virginia | 1865 | 1955 | Public [lower-alpha 16] | Not regionally accredited. Its endowment was transferred to Virginia Union, where its alumni have been recognized, and its physical assets were given to Alderson-Broaddus College to create scholarships for black students. [22] Its former campus is now part of the Harpers Ferry National Historical Park. [27] |
Suwannee River Junior College | Madison | Florida | 1959 | 1966 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Volusia County Junior College | Daytona Beach | Florida | 1958 | 1965 | Public | One of eleven black junior colleges founded in Florida after the Brown vs. Board of Education decision, in an attempt to show that separate but equal higher education facilities existed in Florida. All were abruptly closed after passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. |
Western University (Kansas) | Quindaro, Kansas City | Kansas | 1865 | 1943 | Private [lower-alpha 4] | Had the first statue of abolitionist John Brown, which is all that survives of the campus. |
Baptists form a major branch of evangelical Protestantism distinguished by baptizing only professing Christian believers and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul competency, sola fide, sola scriptura and congregationalist church government. Baptists generally recognize two ordinances: baptism and communion.
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Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are institutions of higher education in the United States that were established before the Civil Rights Act of 1964 with the intention of primarily serving African Americans. Most of these institutions were founded during the Reconstruction era after the Civil War and are concentrated in the Southern United States. During the period of racial segregation in the United States, the majority of American institutions of higher education served predominantly white students, and disqualified or limited black American enrollment. Later on some universities, either after expanding their inclusion of black people and African Americans into their institutions or gaining the status of minority-serving institution, became Predominantly Black Institutions (PBIs).
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Prairie View A&M University is a public historically black land-grant university in Prairie View, Texas. Founded in 1876, it is one of Texas's two land-grant universities and the second oldest public institution of higher learning in the state. It offers baccalaureate degrees in 50 academic majors, 37 master's degrees and four doctoral degree programs through eight colleges and the School of Architecture. PVAMU is the largest HBCU in the state of Texas and the third largest HBCU in the United States. PVAMU is a member of the Texas A&M University System and Thurgood Marshall College Fund.
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Church Women United (CWU) is a national ecumenical Christian women's movement representing Protestant, Roman Catholic, Orthodox and other Christian women. Founded in 1941, as the United Council of Church Women, this organization has more than 1,200 local and state units in the United States and Puerto Rico. CWU's members represent 26 supporting denominations and organizations. Offices are located in New York City, Washington DC and at the United Nations.
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Christianity is the most prevalent religion in the United States. Estimates from 2021 suggest that of the entire U.S. population about 63% is Christian. The majority of Christian Americans are Protestant Christians, though there are also significant numbers of American Roman Catholics and other Christian denominations such as Latter-day Saints, Orthodox Christians and Oriental Orthodox Christians, and Jehovah's Witnesses. The United States has the largest Christian population in the world and, more specifically, the largest Protestant population in the world, with nearly 210 million Christians and, as of 2021, over 140 million people affiliated with Protestant churches, although other countries have higher percentages of Christians among their populations. The Public Religion Research Institute's "2020 Census of American Religion", carried out between 2014 and 2020, showed that 70% of Americans identified as Christian during this seven-year interval. In a 2020 survey by the Pew Research Center, 65% of adults in the United States identified themselves as Christians. They were 75% in 2015, 70.6% in 2014, 78% in 2012, 81.6% in 2001, and 85% in 1990. About 62% of those polled claim to be members of a church congregation.
The Central Woodward Christian Church, now known as Historic Little Rock Missionary Baptist Church, is a Gothic Revival church located in Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.
Religion in Atlanta, while historically centered on Protestant Christianity, now involves many faiths as a result of the city and metro area's increasingly international population. While Protestant Christianity still maintains a strong presence in the city, in recent decades Catholic Christians have gained a strong foothold due to migration patterns. Atlanta also has a considerable number of ethnic Christian congregations, such as Korean Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian Churches, the Tamil Church Atlanta, Telugu Church, Hindi Church, Malayalam Church, Ethiopian, Chinese, and many more traditional ethnic religious groups. Large non-Christian faiths are present in the form of Buddhism, Judaism and Hinduism. Overall, there are over 1,000 places of worship within Atlanta.
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