Rhadinovirus

Rhadinovirus
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Duplodnaviria
Kingdom:	Heunggongvirae
Phylum:	Peploviricota
Class:	Herviviricetes
Order:	Herpesvirales
Family:	Orthoherpesviridae
Subfamily:	Gammaherpesvirinae
Genus:	Rhadinovirus
Species
	See text

Last updated August 27, 2025

Rhadinovirus (synonyms: Rhadinoviridae and gamma-2 herpesviruses) is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales , in the family Herpesviridae , in the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae . Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts.^[1]^[2] Diseases associated with this genus include: Kaposi's sarcoma,^[1] primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman's disease, caused by Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). The term rhadino comes from the Latin fragile, referring to the tendency of the viral genome to break apart when it is isolated.

Species

The genus consists of the following 12 species:^[2]

Rhadinovirus atelinegamma2 , also called Ateline gammaherpesvirus 2
Rhadinovirus atelinegamma3 , also called Ateline gammaherpesvirus 3
Rhadinovirus bovinegamma4 , also called Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4
Rhadinovirus colobinegamma1
Rhadinovirus cricetidgamma2 , also called Cricetid gammaherpesvirus 2
Rhadinovirus humangamma8 , commonly called Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)
Rhadinovirus macacinegamma5 , also called Macacine gammaherpesvirus 5
Rhadinovirus macacinegamma8 , also called Macacine gammaherpesvirus 8
Rhadinovirus macacinegamma11 , also called Macacine gammaherpesvirus 11
Rhadinovirus macacinegamma12 , also called Macacine gammaherpesvirus 12
Rhadinovirus muridgamma4 , also called Murid gammaherpesvirus 4
Rhadinovirus muridgamma7 , also called Murid gammaherpesvirus 7
Rhadinovirus saimiriinegamma2 , also called Saimiriine gammaherpesvirus 2

Structure

Viruses in Rhadinovirus are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 180kb in length.^[1]

Genus	Structure	Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
Rhadinovirus	Spherical pleomorphic	T=16	Enveloped	Linear	Monopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and budding. Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts. Transmission routes are sexual, contact, and through saliva.^[1]

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
Rhadinovirus	Humans; mammals	B-lymphocytes	Glycoproteins	Budding	Nucleus	Nucleus	Sex; saliva

References

1 2 3 4 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
1 2 "Virus Taxonomy: 2023 Release". ictv.global. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 January 2025.

External links

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[ViralZone-1] 1 2 3 4 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.

[ICTV-2] 1 2 "Virus Taxonomy: 2023 Release". ictv.global. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 30 October 2024. Retrieved 30 January 2025.

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