Texas panhandle

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Texas panhandle
Region
Buffalo Lake Texas Windmill 2009.jpg
Windmill on the level plains of the Texas Panhandle
Texas Panhandle.PNG
Map of the Texas Panhandle
Coordinates: 35°29′N101°24′W / 35.483°N 101.400°W / 35.483; -101.400
CountryFlag of the United States.svg United States
StateFlag of Texas.svg  Texas
Region High Plains
Area
  Total67,046 km2 (25,887 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)
  Total434,358
  Density6.5/km2 (17/sq mi)
Time zone UTC−6 (Central)
Area codes 806, 940 (Childress County)
Website Handbook of Texas: "Panhandle"

The Texas panhandle is a region of the U.S. state of Texas consisting of the northernmost 26 counties in the state. The panhandle is a square-shaped area bordered by New Mexico to the west and Oklahoma to the north and east. It is adjacent to the Oklahoma Panhandle, land which Texas previously claimed. The 1820 Missouri Compromise declared no slavery would be allowed in states admitted from the Louisiana Purchase above 36°30′ north latitude. Texas was annexed in 1845 from still more westerly land. The Compromise of 1850 removed territory north of this line from Texas, and set the border between the Texas Panhandle and the New Mexico Territory at the 103rd meridian west. The eastern border at the 100th meridian west was inherited from the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, which defined the border between the United States and New Spain. The Handbook of Texas defines the southern border of Swisher County as the southern boundary of the Texas Panhandle region.

Contents

Its land area is 25,823.89 sq mi (66,883.58 km2), or nearly 10% of the state's total. The Texas Panhandle is slightly larger in size than the US state of West Virginia. An additional 62.75 sq mi (162.53 km2) is covered by water. Its population as of the 2010 census was 427,927 residents, or 1.7% of the state's total population. As of the 2010 census, the population density for the region was 16.6 per square mile (6.4/km2). However, more than 72% of the Panhandle's residents live in the Amarillo Metropolitan Area, which is the largest and fastest-growing urban area in the region. Despite being geographically the northernmost part of Texas, the Panhandle is distinct from the region commonly called "North Texas", which is to the south and east.

West of the Caprock Escarpment and North and South of the Canadian River breaks, the surface of the Llano Estacado is rather flat. South of the city of Amarillo, the level terrain gives way to Palo Duro Canyon, the second-largest canyon in the United States. This colorful canyon was carved by the Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River, a tributary of the Red River. North of Amarillo lies Lake Meredith, a reservoir created by Sanford Dam constructed on the main stem of the Canadian River. Lake Meredith and the Ogallala Aquifer are the primary sources of freshwater in this semi-arid region of the High Plains.

Interstate Highway 40 passes through the Panhandle, and also passes through Amarillo. The freeway passes through Deaf Smith, Oldham, Potter, Carson, Gray, Donley, and Wheeler Counties. [1]

Caprock Canyons of Briscoe County Caprock Canyons Haynes Ridge 2005.JPG
Caprock Canyons of Briscoe County
A canyon formed by Tierra Blanca Creek Buffalo Lake Texas Canyon 2009.jpg
A canyon formed by Tierra Blanca Creek
The rugged country of Palo Duro Canyon Palo Duro 2002.jpg
The rugged country of Palo Duro Canyon

Demographics

As of the census of 2020, about 434,358 people lived in the Panhandle. Of these, 53.6% were non-Hispanic White, 35.2% were Hispanic, 4.8% were African American, 2.8% were Asian. Only 4.1% were of some other ethnicity. [2] About 92.3% of inhabitants claimed native birth, and 8.9% were veterans of the United States armed forces; 49.9% of the population was male, and 50.1% was female. Around 13.2% of the population was 65 years of age or older, whereas 27.8% of the population was under 18 years of age.

Counties

The twenty-six counties of the Panhandle (west to east, from the northwest corner) are: [3] [4]

  1. Dallam
  2. Sherman
  3. Hansford
  4. Ochiltree
  5. Lipscomb
  6. Hartley
  7. Moore
  8. Hutchinson
  9. Roberts
  10. Hemphill
  11. Oldham
  12. Potter
  13. Carson
  14. Gray
  15. Wheeler
  16. Deaf Smith
  17. Randall
  18. Armstrong
  19. Donley
  20. Collingsworth
  21. Parmer
  22. Castro
  23. Swisher
  24. Briscoe
  25. Hall
  26. Childress

Cities and towns

Major cities of the Texas Panhandle with populations greater than 10,000 include:

Some of the smaller towns with populations less than 10,000 include:

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Briscoe County, Texas</span> County in Texas, United States

Briscoe County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,435. Its county seat is Silverton. The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1892. It is named for Andrew Briscoe, a soldier during the Texas Revolution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palo Duro Canyon</span> Texas panhandle escarpment

Palo Duro Canyon is a canyon system of the Caprock Escarpment located in the Texas Panhandle near the cities of Amarillo and Canyon. As one of the largest canyons in the United States, it is roughly 25–40 mi (40–64 km) long and has an average width of 6 mi (9.7 km), but reaches a width of 20 mi (32 km) at places. Its depth is around 800 ft (240 m), but in some locations, valley bottom to surrounding hills increases to 1,000 ft (300 m). Palo Duro Canyon has been named "The Grand Canyon of Texas" both for its size and for its dramatic geological features, including the multicolored layers of rock and steep mesa walls, which are similar to those in the Grand Canyon. It is part of Palo Duro Canyon State Park. The State Park had 442,242 visitors in 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Llano Estacado</span> Southwestern United States in New Mexico and Texas

The Llano Estacado, sometimes translated into English as the Staked Plains, is a region in the Southwestern United States that encompasses parts of eastern New Mexico and northwestern Texas. One of the largest mesas or tablelands on the North American continent, the elevation rises from 3,000 feet (900 m) in the southeast to over 5,000 feet (1,500 m) in the northwest, sloping almost uniformly at about 10 feet per mile (2 m/km).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Plains</span> Region in Texas, United States

The South Plains is a region in northwest Texas, United States, consisting of 24 counties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">High Plains (United States)</span> Subregion of the Great Plains, mainly in the Western United States

The High Plains are a subregion of the Great Plains, mainly in the Western United States, but also partly in the Midwest states of Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota, generally encompassing the western part of the Great Plains before the region reaches the Rocky Mountains. The High Plains are located in eastern Montana, southeastern Wyoming, southwestern South Dakota, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado, western Kansas, eastern New Mexico, the Oklahoma Panhandle, and the Texas Panhandle. The southern region of the Western High Plains ecology region contains the geological formation known as Llano Estacado which can be seen from a short distance or on satellite maps. From east to west, the High Plains rise in elevation from around 1,800 to 7,000 ft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Palo Duro Canyon</span>

The Battle of Palo Duro Canyon was a military confrontation and a significant United States victory during the Red River War. The battle occurred on September 28, 1874, when several U.S. Army companies under Ranald S. Mackenzie attacked a large encampment of Plains Indians in Palo Duro Canyon in the Texas Panhandle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caprock Escarpment</span> Geographical transition in Texas and New Mexico

The Caprock Escarpment is a term used in West Texas and Eastern New Mexico to describe the geographical transition point between the level High Plains of the Llano Estacado and the surrounding rolling terrain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caprock Canyons State Park and Trailway</span> Protected area in Briscoe County, Texas with 64 mile trail over former railroad right-of-way

Caprock Canyons State Park and Trailway is a Texas state park located along the eastern edge of the Llano Estacado in Briscoe County, Texas, United States, approximately 100 miles (160 km) southeast of Amarillo. The state park opened in 1982 and is 15,314 acres (6,197 ha) in size, making it the third-largest state park in Texas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Area code 806</span> Area code in Texas, United States

Area code 806 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the U.S. state of Texas in the Panhandle and South Plains, including the cities of Amarillo and Lubbock. It was created in 1957 in a flash-cut from numbering plan area (NPA) 915, the north-western corner of the state, but also incorporated a small portion of the region of area code 817 to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eastern New Mexico</span> Region in New Mexico, United States

Eastern New Mexico is a physiographic subregion within the U.S. state of New Mexico. The region is sometimes called the "High Plains," or "Eastern Plains ," and was historically referred to as part of the "Great American Desert". The region is largely coterminous with the portion of the Llano Estacado in New Mexico. Portions of Eastern New Mexico's elevation extend to over 4,000 ft (1,200 m). The region is characterized by flat, largely featureless terrain with the exception of the Pecos River valley and the abrupt breaks along the Mescalero Ridge and northern caprock escarpments of the Llano Estacado. The region typically lacks the high relief of central and northern New Mexico, such as that in the Sangre de Cristo and Sandia mountain ranges. The climate is semi-arid with hot summers and is characterized by significant wind and dust storms in the springtime.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Panhandle Regional Planning Commission</span>

The Panhandle Regional Planning Commission (PRPC) is a voluntary association of cities, counties and special districts in the Texas Panhandle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geography of Texas</span>

The geography of Texas is diverse and large. Occupying about 7% of the total water and land area of the U.S., it is the second largest state after Alaska, and is the southernmost part of the Great Plains, which end in the south against the folded Sierra Madre Oriental of Mexico. Texas is in the South Central United States of America, and is considered to form part of the U.S. South and also part of the U.S. Southwest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salt Fork Red River</span> River in the United States of America

The Salt Fork Red River is a sandy-braided stream about 311 km (193 mi) long, heading on the Llano Estacado of West Texas about 2.9 km (1.8 mi) north of Claude of Armstrong County, Texas, flowing east across the Texas Panhandle and Western Oklahoma to join the Red River about 21 km (13 mi) south of Altus of Jackson County, Oklahoma.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River</span> River in the United States

Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River is a sandy-braided stream about 120 mi (193 km) long, formed at the confluence of Palo Duro Creek and Tierra Blanca Creek, about 1.8 mi (2.9 km) northeast of Canyon in Randall County, Texas, and flowing east-southeastward to the Red River about 1 mi (2 km) east of the 100th meridian, 8 mi (13 km) south-southwest of Hollis, Oklahoma.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southland, Texas</span> Unincorporated community in Texas, United States

Southland is an unincorporated community in Garza County, Texas, United States. It lies along the eastern edge of the Llano Estacado on U.S. Route 84, twenty miles northwest of Post.

<i>Caprock Chief</i> Proposed rail route in the US

The Caprock Chief or Caprock Xpress was a proposed Amtrak inter-city rail service which would run from Fort Worth, Texas, to Denver, Colorado, passing through the Texas Panhandle, which currently does not have passenger rail service of any kind. Initially proposed 2000–2001, the project has not yet seen significant progress and is unlikely to be implemented. "Caprock" is a geological term for a harder or more resistant rock type overlying a weaker or less resistant rock type, and lends its name to the Caprock Escarpment that defines the edge of the high plains of the Llano Estacado.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Plains, Texas</span> Unincorporated community in Texas, United States

South Plains is an unincorporated community in northern Floyd County, Texas, United States. It lies along State Highway 207 north of the city of Floydada, the county seat of Floyd County. Its elevation is 3,215 feet (980 m). Although South Plains is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 79258.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blanco Canyon</span>

Blanco Canyon is a canyon located in the U.S. state of Texas. Eroded by the White River into the Caprock Escarpment on the east side of the Llano Estacado, the canyon runs for 34 miles (55 km) in a southeasterly direction, gradually widening from its beginning in southwestern Floyd County to 10 miles (16 km) across at its mouth in southeastern Crosby County. It also gradually deepens from 50 feet (15 m) at its beginning to 300 to 500 feet at its mouth. One side canyon, 5-mile long Crawfish Canyon, was cut by Crawfish Creek as it feeds into the White River from the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tierra Blanca Creek</span> River in the United States

Tierra Blanca Creek is an ephemeral stream about 75 mi (121 km) long, heading in Curry County, New Mexico, flowing east-northeast across northern portions of the Llano Estacado to join Palo Duro Creek to form the Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River southeast of Amarillo, Texas. Overall, Tierra Blanca Creek descends 1,050 ft (320 m) from its headwaters in Eastern New Mexico to its confluence with Palo Duro Creek at the head of Palo Duro Canyon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Red River (Texas)</span> River

The Little Red River is an intermittent stream about 30 mi (48 km) long, formed at the confluence of the North Prong and South Prong Little Red River in Briscoe County, Texas, and flowing east-northeastward to join the Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River in Hall County, Texas.

References

  1. The Tascosa Pioneer, October 11, 1890, quoted in Lester Fields Sheffy, The Life and Times of Timothy Dwight Hobart, 1855–1935: Colonization of West Texas (Canyon, Texas: Panhandle-Plains Historical Society, 1950), p. 156
  2. "The Regions of Texas". Texas Counties.net. Retrieved July 26, 2022.
  3. Counties of the Texas Panhandle United States Census Bureau
  4. "PANHANDLE". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 13, 2014.