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A salient, panhandle, or bootheel is an elongated protrusion of a geopolitical entity, such as a subnational entity or a sovereign state.
While similar to a peninsula in shape, a salient is most often not surrounded by water on three sides. Instead, it has a land border on at least two sides and extends from the larger geographical body of the administrative unit.
In American English, the term panhandle is often used to describe a relatively long and narrow salient, such as the westernmost extensions of Florida and Oklahoma, or the northernmost portion of Idaho. Another term is bootheel, used for the Missouri Bootheel and New Mexico Bootheel areas.
The term salient is derived from military salients. The term "panhandle" derives from the analogous part of a cooking pan, and its use is generally confined to North America.
The salient shape can be the result of arbitrarily drawn international or subnational boundaries, though the location of administrative borders can also take into account other considerations such as economic ties or topography.
The following locations are salients in First-level administrative subdivisions of nations.
State | Largest city | Population | Area (sq mi) | Area (km2) | Population density (per sq mi) | Population density (/km2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | Juneau | 71,616 | 35,138 | 91,010 | 2 | 0.77 |
Connecticut | Stamford | 224,284 | 96 | 250 | 2,336 | 902 |
Florida [lower-alpha 1] | Tallahassee | 1,407,925 | 11,304 | 29,280 | 125 | 48 |
Idaho | Coeur d'Alene | 317,751 | 21,013 | 54,420 | 15 | 5.8 |
Maryland [lower-alpha 2] | Frederick | 492,950 | 2,194 | 5,680 | 225 | 87 |
Nebraska | Scottsbluff | 87,789 | 14,258 | 36,930 | 6 | 2.3 |
Oklahoma | Guymon | 28,751 | 5,687 | 14,730 | 5 | 1.9 |
Texas | Amarillo | 427,927 | 25,887 | 67,050 | 17 | 6.6 |
Eastern West Virginia | Martinsburg | 261,041 | 3,499 | 9,060 | 75 | 29 |
Northern West Virginia | Wheeling | 132,295 | 601 | 1,560 | 220 | 85 |
These are lists of incumbents, including heads of states or of subnational entities.
An independent city or independent town is a city or town that does not form part of another general-purpose local government entity.
Banten is the westernmost province on the island of Java, Indonesia. Its capital city is Serang and its largest city is Tangerang. The province borders West Java and the Special Capital Region of Jakarta on the east, the Java Sea on the north, the Indian Ocean on the south, and the Sunda Strait on the west and shares a maritime border with Bengkulu and Lampung to the east and Bangka Belitung Islands to the north. The province covers an area of 9,352.77 km2 (3,611.12 sq mi). It had a population of over 11.9 million in the 2020 census, up from about 10.6 million in 2010. The estimated mid-2023 population was 12.308 million. Formerly part of the province of West Java, Banten was split off to become a province on 17 October 2000.
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