Battle of Okhtyrka

Last updated

Battle of Okhtyrka
Part of the northern Ukraine campaign and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Okhtyrka City Council after Russian invasion, 14 April 2022.jpg
Okhtyrka City Council after the battle
Date24 February – 27 February 2022
(3 days)
Location 50°11′30″N34°57′00″E / 50.19167°N 34.95000°E / 50.19167; 34.95000
Result Ukrainian victory
Belligerents
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine
Casualties and losses
UnknownPer Ukraine:
70+ killed (28 Feb. only), [1] 32 wounded (as of 26 Feb.) [2]
100 civilians killed [3]
Ukraine under russian occupation grey.svg
Red pog.svg
Okhtyrka
Location within Ukraine
Sumskaya oblast location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Okhtyrka
Okhtyrka (Sumy Oblast)

On 24 February 2022, the first day of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, a military engagement began in and around Okhtyrka, a city in the Sumy Oblast of Ukraine. Fighting took place in the outskirts of the city as Russian forces attempted to occupy the city. The initial advance was repelled, and the city was attacked by artillery fire. On March 26, 2022, it was reported that the strategic stronghold of Trostianets was taken back by Ukrainian forces. This disrupted Russian communications and supply routes, threatening the Russian front.

Contents

The Russian offensive has been criticized for civilian casualties and the use of cluster bombs, which may constitute war crimes.

Battle

Russian forces entered Sumy Oblast from Russia on the morning of 24 February. Clashes broke out in Okhtyrka between 12:00-14:00 as a Russian column attempted to pass through the city. [4] On 25 February, battles began in the outskirts of Okhtyrka around 7:30 from the direction of the village of Velyka Pysarivka. [5] Russian forces were unable to occupy Okhtyrka, and retreated the following day, leaving behind tanks and equipment. [6]

On 25 February, BM-27 Uragan missiles hit a pre-school in Okhtyrka. [7] The missiles killed a child and two adults. The missiles were allegedly cluster bombs, whose use may constitute a war crime, according to Amnesty International. [8] Ukrainian officials also claim that Russian forces shot at a civilian bus near Okhtyrka. [9] [10] [11] Dmytro Zhyvytskyi, the governor of Sumy Oblast, stated that three other civilians had been killed in the city. [12]

On 26 February, two Danish journalists were wounded when their car was shot at by unknown forces. [13] [14] The city's mayor, Pavlo Kuzmenko, said in an interview after the battle that Russian soldiers "began to fear" Okhtyrka after having failed to capture it within three days. [4]

According to Zhyvytskyi, during fighting on 27 February, Russian soldiers and civilians were killed. [1]

Bombardment

On 28 February, Russian forces bombed and destroyed an oil depot in Okhtyrka. [15]

On the same day, more than 70 Ukrainian soldiers were killed when a military base in Okhtyrka was hit by a Russian thermobaric bomb, local officials said. [1] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] International law does not prohibit the use of thermobaric munitions, fuel-air explosive devices, or vacuum bombs against military targets. [21] [22] Their use against civilian populations may be banned by the United Nations (UN) Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW). [23]

Oksana Markarova, the Ukrainian ambassador to the United States, claimed that the use of thermobaric weapons is in violation of the Geneva Conventions. [24] [25] [26]

On 3 March, Zhyvytskyi claimed that a Russian airstrike on the local combined heat and power station had cut off the city's electricity and heating supply. [27] [28]

In the night of 7/8 March, Russian bomb destroyed an administrative building and heavily damaged neighboring museum of local history. [29]

In the early morning of 10 March, Zhyvytskyi stated that Okhtyrka was being constantly bombed, destroying the city's infrastructure including the sewage system and water supply network. [28]

On 14 March, Kuzmenko, the mayor of Okhtyrka, stated that at least three civilians had been killed in a Russian airstrike that struck a residential area. [30]

By 26 March, Russian forces withdrew from Okhtyrka. [4] [ failed verification ]

Aftermath

In July, Okhtyrka suffered severe power issues due to damage on the plant from a March air raid. [31] Kuzmenko credited the Ukrainian resistance in Okhtyrka with keeping Russian forces away from the major cities of Poltava and Dnipro. [4]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thermobaric weapon</span> Device producing a high-temperature explosion

A thermobaric weapon, also called an aerosol bomb, or a vacuum bomb, is a type of explosive munition that works by dispersing an aerosol cloud of gas, liquid or powdered explosive. The fuel is usually a single compound, rather than a mixture of multiple molecules. Many types of thermobaric weapons can be fitted to hand-held launchers, and can also be launched from airplanes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sumy Oblast</span> Oblast (region) of Ukraine

Sumy Oblast, also known as Sumshchyna (Сумщина), is an oblast (province) in northeast Ukraine. The oblast was created in its most recent form, from the merging of raions from Kharkiv Oblast, Chernihiv Oblast, and Poltava Oblast in 1939 by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Okhtyrka</span> City in Sumy Oblast, Ukraine

Okhtyrka is a city in Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Okhtyrka Raion within the oblast. Okhtyrka was once home to Hussars and Cossacks. It was also in the past a regional seat of the Sloboda Ukraine Imperial Region and of the Ukrainian SSR. Since the discovery of oil and gas in 1961, Okhtyrka has come to be known as the "Oil Capital of Ukraine." It is home to the Okhtyrka air base and other historical and religious sites. Some religious buildings in Okhtyrka were almost destroyed in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trostianets</span> City in Sumy Oblast, Ukraine

Trostianets is a city in Okhtyrka Raion of Sumy Oblast of northeastern Ukraine. It was the administrative center of Trostianets Raion until it was abolished on 18 July 2020. The city lies on the Boromlya River, 59 km (37 mi) from Sumy. Landmarks include a neo-Gothic "round courtyard" (1749), the late Baroque church of the Annunciation (1744–50), the 18th-century Galitzine palace, and a "grotto of nymphs". The city has a population of 19,544.

Velyka Pysarivka is a rural settlement in Sumy Oblast, northeastern Ukraine. It was formerly the administrative center of Velyka Pysarivka Raion, but is now administered within Okhtyrka Raion. It is located close to the border with Russia, on the left bank of the Vorskla, a tributary of the Dnieper. Population: 3,928.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Kharkiv (2022)</span> A 2022 battle of the Russo-Ukrainian War

The battle of Kharkiv was a military engagement that took place from February to May 2022 in and around the city of Kharkiv in Ukraine, as part of the eastern Ukraine offensive during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Kharkiv, located just 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of the Russia–Ukraine border and a predominately Russian-speaking city, is the second-largest city in Ukraine and was considered a major target for the Russian military early in the invasion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Sumy</span> Battle in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

On 24 February 2022, the Russian army attempted to capture Sumy, located near the Russia–Ukraine border. Ukrainian paratroopers and territorial defense forces began engaging Russian forces within the city, resulting in heavy urban fighting and the destruction of a Russian tank column. That evening, Ukraine's paratroopers were ordered to withdraw from the city, leaving the city's defense to the a few thousand local volunteers armed with rifles, limited anti-tank weapons and no armed vehicles or heavy weaponry. After three to four days of failing to enter the city, the Russian military shifted to encircle and bypass the city, and were then subject to guerrilla ambushes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern Ukraine campaign</span> Russian offensive in Ukraine

The northern Ukraine campaign was a theater of operation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It involved attacks by Russia across the Russo-Ukrainian and Belarusian–Ukrainian borders, beginning on 24 February 2022, for control of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, and the surrounding areas of Kyiv Oblast and northern regions Zhytomyr Oblast, Sumy Oblast, and Chernihiv Oblast. Kyiv is the seat of the Ukrainian government and the headquarters of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Mariupol</span> Siege in the Russian invasion of Ukraine

The siege of Mariupol began on 24 February 2022 and lasted until 20 May, as part of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It saw fighting between the Russian Armed Forces and the Ukrainian Armed Forces for control over the city of Mariupol in southeastern Ukraine. Lasting for almost three months, the siege ended in a victory for Russia and the Donetsk People's Republic, as Ukraine lost control of the city amidst Russia's eastern Ukraine offensive and southern Ukraine offensive; all Ukrainian troops remaining in the city surrendered at the Azovstal Iron and Steel Works on 20 May 2022, after they were ordered to cease fighting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Volnovakha</span> Engagement during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

The battle of Volnovakha was a military engagement which lasted from 25 February 2022 until 12 March 2022, as part of the Eastern Ukraine offensive during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Russian and DPR forces engaged Ukrainian forces at the small city of Volnovakha in Donetsk Oblast, which was located close to pre-invasion front line.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">16 March 2022 Chernihiv breadline attack</span> Russian shelling during the Russian invasion of Ukraine

On 16 March 2022, a Russian attack killed at least 18 and injured 26 civilians in Chernihiv, Ukraine, who were waiting in a line for bread.

A series of clashes began on 26 February 2022 around the city of Lebedyn, Sumy Oblast, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast</span> Military occupation by Russia

The Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast was a military occupation that began on 24 February 2022, when Russian forces invaded Ukraine and began capturing parts of the Sumy Oblast. The capital of the Oblast, Sumy, was never captured by Russian forces, however, other cites were captured including Konotop and Trostianets. On 7 April, Dmytro Zhyvytskyi, governor of Sumy Oblast, said that all Russian troops had left the region, but it was still unsafe due to rigged explosives and other ammunition Russian troops had left behind.

A series of border skirmishes has taken place along the Russia–Ukraine border in Sumy and Chernihiv Oblasts since the withdrawal of Russian troops from northern Ukraine. Ukrainian officials have stated that strikes across the border happen daily.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Huliaipole</span> Ongoing battle of the Russo-Ukrainian War

The battle of Huliaipole is an ongoing military conflict between the Armed Forces of Russia and the Armed Forces of Ukraine over the city of Huliaipole, in central Zaporizhzhia Oblast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</span>

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Russian military have carried out deliberate attacks against civilian targets and indiscriminate attacks in densely-populated areas. The United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine says the Russian military exposed the civilian population to unnecessary and disproportionate harm by using cluster bombs and by firing other weapons with wide-area effects into civilian areas, such as missiles, heavy artillery shells and multiple launch rockets. As of 2024, the attacks had resulted in the UN-documented deaths of between 11,000 and estimated 40,000 dead civilians. On 22 April 2022, the UN reported that of the 2,343 civilian casualties it had been able to document, it could confirm 92.3% of these deaths were as a result of the actions of the Russian armed forces.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian occupation of Kyiv Oblast</span> Military occupation by Russia

The Russian occupation of Kyiv Oblast was a military occupation that began on the first day of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022. The capital, Kyiv, was extensively bombed during the invasion, but was never captured. However, many cities were captured near northern and western parts of the oblast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Kupiansk</span> Battle in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

The battle of Kupiansk was a part of the Ukrainian Kharkiv counteroffensive that began on 8 September 2022 and ended on 16 September 2022. A Financial Times article on 28 September depicted the battle and the Ukrainian advance preceding it as "the 90km journey that changed the course of the war in Ukraine."

This timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine covers the period from 24 February 2022, when Russia launched a military invasion of Ukraine, to 7 April 2022 when fighting focused away from the north and towards the south and east of Ukraine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian occupation of Dnipropetrovsk and Poltava oblasts</span> Minor events during the Russian invasion of Ukraine

The Russian occupation of Dnipropetrovsk and Poltava oblasts relate to how in the early phases of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, there were reported skirmishes between Russian and Ukrainian forces in southern Dnipropetrovsk Oblast and northern Poltava Oblast. This resulted in the military occupation of several small villages and towns, spilling over from much larger targets in Donetsk, Sumy, and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "More than 70 Ukrainian soldiers killed after Russian artillery hit Okhtyrka base". The Washington Times. Associated Press. 28 February 2022. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  2. Skakun, Serhey (26 February 2022). "На Сумщині за день близько сотні поранених, 4 – загиблих | Данкор онлайн | Сумской информационный портал: все новости Сумщины". dancor.sumy.ua (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 27 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
  3. "'After the victory': ruined city of Okhtyrka clings to hope of brighter future". the Guardian. 19 March 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Між похоронами, бомбами й весіллями. Як виживає місто-герой Охтирка". Українська правда (in Ukrainian). 30 March 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  5. Свобода, Радіо (25 February 2022). "Ведеться бій в Охтирці, можливий артобстріл – Живицький". Радіо Свобода (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  6. "В Охтирці російські окупанти покидали БТРи та розбіглися — Геращенко". Новини Чернівці: Інформаційний портал «Молодий буковинець» (in Ukrainian). 25 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  7. Rodak, Kateryna (25 February 2022). "В Охтирці росіяни обстріляли дитячий садок та сховище з людьми". ZAXID.NET (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  8. Churchman, Laurie (28 February 2022). "Putin accused of using 'cluster bombs' in strike on pre-school". The Independent. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  9. "Enemy tanks shell bus with civilians in Sumy region". Ukrinform.net. 27 February 2022. Archived from the original on 27 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  10. "Суспільне Суми". Telegram. Archived from the original on 27 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  11. "In the Sumy region, invaders shot bus with civilian people, didn't allow ambulance to pass". Pravada. 27 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  12. "Russian shelling in Ukraine's Okhtyrka kills 6, including 7-year-old girl". India Today. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  13. Harvey, Josephine (28 February 2022). "2 Danish Journalists Shot In Ukraine: 'We Are Lucky To Be Alive'". HuffPost. Archived from the original on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  14. "Journalists Contributing to WhoWhatWhy Shot in Ukraine". WhoWhatWhy. 27 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  15. "Prohibited bombs dropped on Okhtyrka, oil depot on fire". www.ukrinform.net. 28 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  16. "More than 70 Ukrainian soldiers killed in Russian attack on base near Kharkiv". The Guardian. 1 March 2022. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  17. Zengerle, Patricia. "Ukraine's ambassador to U.S. says Russia used a vacuum bomb on Monday". Reuters. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  18. "Oil depot burns after artillery shelling in Okhtyrka, Sumy Oblast. Kuzmenko reported that Russian occupiers dropped a vacuum bomb. This type of weapon is known as the most deadly non-nuclear bomb, producing high-temperature explosions". Twitter . The Kyiv Independent. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  19. "Ukraine's ambassador to U.S. says Russia used a vacuum bomb on Monday". National Post. 28 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  20. Camille Gijs; Douglas Busvine (1 March 2022). "Russia used powerful vacuum bomb on Ukraine, envoy says". Politico. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
  21. "Ukraine's ambassador to US says Russia used a vacuum bomb, international groups say banned cluster munitions used to strike shelter". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 1 March 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  22. Hanson, Marianne. "What are thermobaric weapons? And why should they be banned?". The Conversation. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  23. Dunlap, Charlie (27 February 2022). "The Ukraine crisis and the international law of armed conflict (LOAC): some Q & A". Lawfire. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  24. "Live Updates / Russia-Ukraine war live updates: Russia investigated for war crimes as peace talks stall". NBC News. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  25. "Ukraine's ambassador to U.S. says Russia used a vacuum bomb on Monday". National Post . 28 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  26. Reich, Aaron (1 March 2022). "Ukraine's ambassador to the US accused Moscow of using a vacuum bomb in its invasion * Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said states that commit war crimes shouldn't get a permanent UNSC seat". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  27. Jim Heintz; Yuras Karmanau; Mstyslav Chernov (3 March 2022). "Russian Forces Take Control of Europe's Biggest Nuclear Plant After Shelling It". Time. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 4 March 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  28. 1 2 www.ukrinform.net Okhtyrka town being bombed day and night Archived 10 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine
  29. ""Поранений" Охтирський музей і його віртуальне безсмертя". LB.ua. 20 January 2023.
  30. "Russians bomb Okhtyrka residential neighbourhood: three killed". Ukrayinska Pravda . 14 March 2022. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  31. "The war is forcing Ukraine's energy planners to be creative". The Economist. ISSN   0013-0613 . Retrieved 8 January 2023.