15th BRICS summit

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2023 BRICS summit
15th BRICS summit
  14th 22–24 August 2023 16th  
15th BRICS summit logo.svg
Host countryFlag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Venue(s)Sandton Convention Centre
Cities Johannesburg
ParticipantsFlag of Brazil.svg  Brazil
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
Flag of India.svg  India
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Invited bodies:
Flag of the African Union.svg  African Union
Arab Maghreb Union
OIC Logo since 2011.svg  Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Flag of the United Nations.svg  United Nations
Infobox ASEAN flag.svg  ASEAN [1]
Chair Cyril Ramaphosa, President of South Africa
Website www.brics2023.gov.za

The 2023 BRICS summit was the fifteenth annual BRICS summit, an international relations conference attended by the heads of state or heads of government of the five member states: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. [2] [3] South African President Cyril Ramaphosa also invited the leaders of 67 countries to the summit. [4]

Contents

Summit Events

BRICS Expansion

Several countries have expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. [5] At the summit, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa announced that Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates have been invited to join the bloc. Full membership took effect on 1 January 2024. [6] [7]

Participating leaders

Other attendees

CountryPositionOfficeholderSource
Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria Finance Minister Laaziz Fayed [10]
Flag of Angola.svg  Angola State Minister of Economic Coordenation José de Lima Massano [11]
Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina [12]
Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus Foreign Minister Sergei Aleinik [13]
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia President Luis Arce [14]
Flag of Botswana.svg  Botswana Vice President Slumber Tsogwane [15]
Flag of Burundi.svg  Burundi President Evariste Ndayishimiye [16]
Flag of Cameroon.svg  Cameroon Prime Minister Joseph Ngute [17]
Flag of the Central African Republic.svg  Central African Republic President Faustin-Archange Touadera [18]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Commerce Minister Wang Wentao [19]
Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg  Congo President Denis Sassou Nguesso [20]
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba President Miguel Díaz-Canel [21]
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  DR Congo Prime Minister Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde [22]
Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly [23]
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed [24]
Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo [25]
Flag of Eritrea.svg  Eritrea President Isaias Afwerki [26]
Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana President Nana Akufo-Addo [27]
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia President Joko Widodo [28]
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran President Ebrahim Raisi [29]
Flag of Libya.svg  Libya Vice President Musa Al-Koni [30]
Flag of Malawi.svg  Malawi President Lazarus Chakwera [17]
Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique President Filipe Nyusi [31]
Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia President Hage Geingob [32]
Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria Vice President Kashim Shettima [33]
Flag of Palestine.svg  Palestine Deputy Prime Minister Ziad Abu Amr [34]
Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic President Brahim Ghali [35]
Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg  São Tomé and Príncipe President Carlos Vila Nova [11]
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Foreign Minister Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud [13]
Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal President Macky Sall [11]
Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan President Salva Kiir Mayardit [36]
Flag of Tanzania.svg  Tanzania President Samia Suluhu Hassan [37]
Flag of Uganda.svg  Uganda Vice President Jessica Alupo [38]
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan [17]
Flag of Zambia.svg  Zambia President Hakainde Hichilema [39]
Flag of Zimbabwe.svg  Zimbabwe Vice President Constantino Chiwenga [40]

Controversies

Participation of Vladimir Putin

The BRICS leaders and Sergei Lavrov (representing Vladimir Putin). XV BRICS Summit family photo.jpg
The BRICS leaders and Sergei Lavrov (representing Vladimir Putin).

In March 2023, the International Criminal Court (ICC) issued an arrest warrant against Russian President Vladimir Putin for war crimes during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. [41] South Africa is required as an ICC signatory to honour the warrant. [2]

In May 2023, the South African government, led by the African National Congress (ANC), [42] granted all invited leaders diplomatic immunity. It remained unclear at the time whether this would prevent Putin from being arrested if he attended. According to the Department of International Relations and Cooperation, it was standard practice in South Africa to confer such immunity to attendees of international conferences held in the country. [3]

By early June 2023, moving the summit to China was being considered to avoid the issue. [43] In mid-July 2023, Vladimir Putin announced that he would not attend the summit "by mutual agreement" and would instead be sending Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov. [44]

Narendra Modi's refusal to disembark plane

Ethiopian Prime Minister Ahmed with Indian counterpart Prime Minister Narendra Modi meeting for Ethiopia's admission to the alliance PM in a bilateral meeting with the Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Mr. Ably Ahmed during the 15th BRICS Summit at Johannesburg, in South Africa on August 24, 2023.jpg
Ethiopian Prime Minister Ahmed with Indian counterpart Prime Minister Narendra Modi meeting for Ethiopia's admission to the alliance

On 22 August 2023, Daily Maverick reported that India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi refused to get off his plane until the deputy president of South Africa was dispatched to welcome him [45] [46] [47] instead of the government cabinet minister that was present to conduct the airport welcome. [47] The South African government denied that Modi had refused to disembark his plane, saying that Ramaphosa was unable to meet Modi at the airport due to scheduling difficulties, and adding that it was common for government ministers to welcome visiting heads of state. [48]

Following the publication of the story the Daily Maverick experienced a sustained DDOS attack from India [46] [49] which forced it to temporarily block access to the site from India. [50] The editor-in-chief of the Daily Maverick speculated that the reason for the DDOS attack was to prevent people in India from reading the article. [49]

Nonattendance by Xi Jinping

Despite meeting with host Cyril Ramaphosa earlier in the day and attending the BRICS dinner afterward, Chinese President Xi Jinping unexpectedly did not attend the BRICS business forum where he had been scheduled to speak and instead his speech was read out by Minister of Commerce of China Wang Wentao. [51] [19]

Notes

  1. The head of government of China is the Premier, while the President is legally a ceremonial office and has no real power in China's political system. However, the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (top position) has always held this office since 1993 except for the months of transition, and the current paramount leader is Xi Jinping.

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