United Kingdom and the Russian invasion of Ukraine

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Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at the NATO Summit in Washington D.C., July 2024. Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets President Zelenskyy (53848423375).jpg
Prime Minister Keir Starmer meets Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at the NATO Summit in Washington D.C., July 2024.

The United Kingdom has supported Ukraine during the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine, during both Conservative and Labour governments. After it began on 24 February 2022, then Conservative Prime Minister Boris Johnson condemned the invasion, provided military and humanitarian aid to Ukraine, and sanctioned Russia and Belarus, the two countries most involved in invading Ukraine. [1] [2] Support to Ukraine has continued under prime ministers Liz Truss (who was Foreign Secretary at the time the invasion started), Rishi Sunak and incumbent Labour Prime Minister Keir Starmer.

Contents

Additionally, the first minister of Scotland and the Scottish Government have provided both financial support and humanitarian aid to Ukraine during the invasion. [3] [4]

History

Boris Johnson and Zelenskyy during the former's visit to Ukraine twenty three days before the invasion, 1 February 2022 Boris Johnson's visit to Ukraine in occasion of the possible Russian invasion (15).jpg
Boris Johnson and Zelenskyy during the former's visit to Ukraine twenty three days before the invasion, 1 February 2022

In November 2021, Prime Minister Boris Johnson warned that the European Union faces "a choice" between "sticking up for Ukraine" and approving the Nord Stream 2 natural gas pipeline from Russia to Europe. [5]

In early 2022 then foreign secretary Liz Truss turned her attention towards a build-up of Russian troops near the Russia–Ukraine border. [6] Truss supported a plan which declassified a large amount of intelligence on Russia, releasing it to the public for the first time in order to weaken the Russian government in the event of an invasion. [6] On 10 February 2022 she met the Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov in Moscow, becoming the first British minister to go on a diplomatic trip there since the 2018 Salisbury poisonings. [7] The meeting was, according to Payne, a "disaster": Lavrov described it as being "between the dumb and the deaf", and the two ministers spoke over each other and found it difficult to communicate. [8] [9] [10] Five days later, Truss stated that the world was on the "brink of war in Europe", [11] which transpired in the early hours of 24 February as Russia invaded Ukraine. [12] Before the invasion and during its immediate aftermath, Truss advocated for sanctions on Russia and encouraged other G7 leaders to impose them; [13] in March 2022 she stated that the sanctions would end only in the event of a "full ceasefire and withdrawal". [14] Johnson praised Truss's actions, saying that "she was always terrific on Ukraine ... other governments faffed around ... she was very clear and focused". [15]

During the prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Johnson's government warned the Russian Government not to invade Donbas. [16] [17] [18] Johnson and Vladimir Putin agreed in a phone call to work towards a "peaceful resolution". [19] On 1 February 2022, Johnson arrived in Kyiv on a diplomatic visit. [20] He called the presence of the Russian Armed Forces near the Russia–Ukraine border "the biggest security crisis that Europe has faced for decades". [21] The Kremlin denied that it wanted to attack Ukraine. [21] On 20 February 2022, Johnson warned that Russia is planning the "biggest war in Europe since 1945" as Putin intends to invade and encircle Kyiv. [22] On 21 February 2022, Johnson condemned Russia's diplomatic recognition of two self-proclaimed republics in Donbas. [23]

Boris Johnson walks on a street of war-hit Kyiv along Zelenskyy on 10 April 2022. President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Boris Johnson walked around the center of Kyiv. (51994084277).jpg
Boris Johnson walks on a street of war-hit Kyiv along Zelenskyy on 10 April 2022.

Johnson condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and ensured the UK joined in international sanctions on Russian banks and oligarchs. [24] He later announced the UK would phase out Russian oil by the end of 2022. [25] On 9 April 2022, Johnson travelled to Kyiv and met the President of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy. [26] On 16 April 2022, Russia's Ministry for Foreign Affairs banned Johnson and a number of senior British politicians from visiting Russia, saying that Britain aimed to isolate Russia politically and supply "the Kyiv regime with lethal weapons and coordinating similar efforts on the part of NATO". [27]

Within Ukraine, Johnson is praised by many as a supporter of anti-Russian sanctions and military aid for Ukraine. [28] On 3 May, Johnson virtually addressed the Ukrainian Parliament, becoming the first world leader to speak in Ukraine since the invasion. He pledged an extra £300m in military aid to Ukraine, praised Ukraine's resistance to Russia as its "finest hour" and said that the West had been "too slow to grasp what was actually happening" prior to Russia's invasion. [29] [30] In July 2022, Johnson warned that it would be a mistake to cease fire and freeze the conflict. [31] In August 2022, Johnson blamed Putin for the emerging global energy crisis. [32]

Following the 15 November missile explosion in Poland, Rishi Sunak met U.S. President Joe Biden and delivered a speech. [33] and later met Zelenskyy, and pledged to give Ukraine £50 million in aid. After meeting Zelenskyy, Sunak said: "I am proud of how the UK stood with Ukraine from the very beginning. And I am here today to say the UK and our allies will continue to stand with Ukraine, as it fights to end this barbarous war and deliver a just peace." [34] Sunak visited Ukraine on 12 January 2024 to sign a new U.K.-Ukraine Agreement on Security Cooperation with Zelenskyy promising £2.5 billion in military aid to Ukraine, including long-range missiles, artillery ammunition, air defence and maritime security, in addition to £200 million to be spent on military drones, making the United Kingdom the largest deliverer of drones to Ukraine out of any nation according to Downing Street. [35]

Rishi Sunak meets President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Prime Minister Rishi Sunak meets Volodymyr Zelenskyy - 52899900249.jpg
Rishi Sunak meets President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

David Cameron made his first working visit to Ukraine as foreign secretary on 16 November, meeting Zelenskyy in Kyiv, where he reiterated the UK's commitment to provide moral, diplomatic and "above all military support for... however long it takes". [36] Cameron supported the February 2024 US Senate bill to allocate military aid to Ukraine Taiwan and Israel, saying that he did not want the West to "show weakness displayed against Vladimir Putin in 2008, when he invaded Georgia, or the uncertainty of the response in 2014, when he took Crimea and much of the Donbas—before coming back to cost us far more with his aggression in 2022". [37]

During the prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Keir Starmer met with Secretary General of NATO Jens Stoltenberg and said in an interview with the BBC that his predecessor Jeremy Corbyn was "wrong" to be a critic of NATO and that the Labour Party's commitment to NATO was "unshakeable"; he added that "stand united in the UK ... Whatever challenges we have with the [Boris Johnson's] government, when it comes to Russian aggression we stand together." [38] Starmer called for "widespread and hard-hitting" economic sanctions against Russia. [39] He also criticised the Stop the War Coalition in an op-ed for The Guardian , writing that the group's members were "not benign voices for peace" but rather "[a]t best they are naive, at worst they actively give succour to authoritarian leaders" such as Putin "who directly threaten democracies." [40] In February 2023 he met Zelenskyy, and pledged support for Ukraine during the Russian invasion of the country; Starmer that if he became prime minister, there would be no change in Britain's position on the war in Ukraine. [41] [42] He also called for Russian leaders, including Putin, to be tried at The Hague for crimes against humanity. [43] [44] Starmer supported the International Criminal Court's issuance of an arrest warrant for Putin, after he was indicted in the ICC. [45]

Zelenskyy visits to the United Kingdom

Zelenskyy addressing Members of Parliament from Westminster Hall in the Houses of Parliament Volodymyr Zelenskyy addresses Parliament (52676732611).jpg
Zelenskyy addressing Members of Parliament from Westminster Hall in the Houses of Parliament

On 8 February 2023, Zelenskyy visited the United Kingdom. During his trip, Zelenskyy met Sunak. He also addressed Members of Parliament from Westminster Hall in the Houses of Parliament and had an audience with King Charles III. It was Zelenskyy's second trip outside Ukraine since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, after his December 2022 visit to the United States. [46] [47] [48] [49]

On 15 May 2023, Zelenskyy arrived at Chequers in the United Kingdom and met with Sunak. [50] The first world leader Sunak hosted at Chequers, the two embraced in the garden before holding two-hour-long talks inside. [51] The two discussed fighter jet shipments, while Sunak promised more unmanned aerial drones and air defense missiles, including Storm Shadow cruise missiles. [52]

Humanitarian aid to Ukraine

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 visit by Volodymyr Zelenskyy to the United Kingdom</span> Meeting of leaders of Ukraine and the United Kingdom

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">May 2023 European visits by Volodymyr Zelenskyy</span> Bilateral meetings between the president of Ukraine and European leaders

In May 2023, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, the president of Ukraine, made multiple unannounced trips to seberal European countries. On 3 May, Zelenskyy travelled to Finland, where he met with the four prime ministers of the Nordic countries. On 4 May, Zelenskyy travelled to the Netherlands, meeting with the prime ministers of Belgium and the Netherlands, as well as visiting the International Criminal Court.

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