International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

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International reaction to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation according to official governmental statements.
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Statements only voicing concern or hope for peaceful resolution to the conflict
Support for Ukrainian territorial integrity
Condemnation of Russian actions
Condemnation of Russian actions as a military intervention or invasion
Support for Russian actions and/or condemnation of the Ukrainian interim government
"Recognition of Russian and other interests"
No notable statements
Ukraine
Russia Crimea reaction clean.svg
International reaction to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation according to official governmental statements.
  Statements only voicing concern or hope for peaceful resolution to the conflict
  Support for Ukrainian territorial integrity
  Condemnation of Russian actions
  Condemnation of Russian actions as a military intervention or invasion
  Support for Russian actions and/or condemnation of the Ukrainian interim government
  "Recognition of Russian and other interests"
  No notable statements

  Ukraine
  Russia

International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation have largely been condemnatory of Russia's actions, supportive of Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and supportive of finding a quick end to the crisis. [1] The United States and the European Union responded by enacting sanctions against Russia for its role in the crisis, and urged Russia to withdraw. [2] Russia accused the United States and the EU of funding and directing the revolution and retaliated to the sanctions by imposing its own.

Contents

UN member and observer states

On 4 March, China's paramount leader and General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping, in a telephone conversation with Vladimir Putin, expressed his confidence in Putin's ability to reach a political solution through negotiations with all involved parties. He stated that China supports the propositions and mediation efforts of the international community towards easing the situation. [29]
On 21 November, the acting director of the Chinese Foreign Ministry's European-Central Asian Affairs department, Gui Congyou, told Russian media: "We are against any nationality gaining independence through referendums. As far as Crimea is concerned, it has very special features. We know well the history of Crimea's affiliation. ... China reacts with full understanding to the challenges and threats Russia has faced in connection with the Ukrainian issue and supports Moscow's approach to its settlement." [30]
On 11 March the President further stated that "The failure of the international community to punish Russia for its 2008 invasion of Georgia has let Moscow think it can get away with seizing Ukraine's Crimea region". [41]
On 6 March, the Parliament of Georgia adopted the resolution on supporting sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine and strongly condemned forceful actions against sovereign Ukraine by the Russian Federation as well as all other actions carried out in violation of basic principles of international law. The resolution emphasized that "the recent aggressive acts of the Russian Federation against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, including the use of military units on the territory of Ukraine in violation of provisions of the bilateral agreements and the threat of large scale military aggression, pose a serious threat not only to friendly Ukraine, but also to Georgia and the entire Europe." [42]
On 11 December 2014 Crimean Head of the Republic Sergey Aksyonov signed a memorandum of cooperation between the Republic of Crimea and "Indian business people" during his first foreign visit. [55] In response (to this visit) Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko remarked that (by allowing this visit) India was standing aside from "the rest of the civilization" and had "more attention to money" then "the value" of Aksyonov's visit. [55]
On 6 March 2014, Poland's Minister of Defence Tomasz Siemoniak announced the arrival of 12 American F-16 fighter jets with 300 personnel per Poland's request at NATO, which was granted by the Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel. The situation in Ukraine, he said at a press conference, is extremely serious. The changing of guaranteed borders is not acceptable, neither is the blocking of the OBWE observers in Crimea. The F-16 aviation detachment AvDet is scheduled to station at the Air Force bases in Łask and Powidz. [88] Poland's President Bronisław Komorowski visited the Air Force base in Łask with Siemoniak on 11 March and pronounced the urgent necessity for further military spending on the multi-purpose F-16 programme. [89] Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk called for change in EU energy policy as Germany's dependence on Russian gas poses risks for Europe. [90] On 11 March Tusk announced that the current situation in Crimea is only a phase in an ongoing crisis, but Poland cannot accept the territorial disintegration of sovereign Ukraine. [91] On 29 August Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs officially recognized "offensive action of the Russian armed forces in the southern regions of Donetsk oblast, in particular in the vicinity of the town of Nowoazowsk" as an aggression by international law. [92]
On 2 March 2014, British Prime Minister David Cameron announced that government officials were planning to boycott the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi in response to the situation in Crimea, while Prince Edward cancelled plans to travel to Sochi for the Games "on the advice of government." These decisions did not affect Great Britain's participation in the Games. [111] Cameron also said "No amount of sham and perverse democratic process or skewed historical references can make up for the fact that this is an incursion into a sovereign state and a land grab of part of its territory with no respect for the law of that country or for international law." [112]
U.S. President Barack Obama speaks with Russian President Vladimir Putin on the telephone in the Oval Office, 1 March 2014 Barack Obama talks on the phone with Russian President Vladimir Putin about Ukraine, March 1, 2014.jpg
U.S. President Barack Obama speaks with Russian President Vladimir Putin on the telephone in the Oval Office, 1 March 2014
President Barack Obama talks with Ukrainian Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk at the conclusion of their bilateral meeting in the Oval Office, 12 March 2014 P031214PS-0710 (14104760453).jpg
President Barack Obama talks with Ukrainian Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk at the conclusion of their bilateral meeting in the Oval Office, 12 March 2014
Ukraine-honoring display in the New York City pictured on 8 April 2014, on 2nd Avenue by St Marks Place, near the Ukrainian National Home Ukr eastvillage.JPG
Ukraine-honoring display in the New York City pictured on 8 April 2014, on 2nd Avenue by St Marks Place, near the Ukrainian National Home
On 1 March, Obama held a phone conversation with Putin and said that the Russian invasion was a "violation of Ukrainian sovereignty and territorial integrity ... [and a] breach of international law." He warned of "greater political and economic isolation" and threatened to withdraw the United States from the 40th G8 summit chaired by Russia. [114]
Secretary of State John Kerry then labeled and condemned Russia's "invasion" of Ukraine on 2 March in an interview for Face the Nation . He called it an "incredible act of aggression," and said that "you just don't in the 21st century behave in 19th century fashion by invading another country on completely trumped up pretext." [115]
On 3 March, National Security Council spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden announced that the United States would not send a presidential delegation to the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi (which was to be led by Tammy Duckworth), "in addition to other measures we are taking in response to the situation in Ukraine." As with the British boycott effort, it did not affect the country's participation in the Games themselves. [116]
On 6 March, Obama signed Executive Order 13660, Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine, authorizing sanctions against persons who, being determined by the Secretary of the Treasury in consultation with the Secretary of State, have violated or assisted in the violation of Ukraine's sovereignty. [117] [118]
On 17 March, Obama signed Executive Order 13661, Blocking Property of Additional Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine, which expanded the scope of the previous sanctions imposed by EO 13660, to include the freezing of certain Russian government officials' assets in the US and blocking their entry into the US. [119]
The 113th United States Congress considered several different pieces of legislation that would offer the Ukraine different levels of loan guarantees, aid, and apply sanctions "against anyone deemed by the president to have undermined Ukraine's security or independence, or to have engaged in corruption in Ukraine or Russia." [120] Those bills included the bill To provide for the costs of loan guarantees for Ukraine (H.R. 4152; 113th Congress), the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (S. 2124; 113th Congress), and the Ukraine Support Act (H.R. 4278; 113th Congress). [121] [122] [123] All three bills were introduced and considered in March 2014.
On 3 April, the United States Department of Energy informed the Russian state-run nuclear corporation Rosatom on suspension of several peaceful nuclear cooperation projects. [124]

Joint statements

Partially recognized states

International organizations

UN Security Council vote on a draft resolution condemning the 2014 Crimean referendum.
Voted in favor of resolution
Abstained
Vetoed resolution 2014 UN Security Council vote to condemn Crimean referendum.png
UN Security Council vote on a draft resolution condemning the 2014 Crimean referendum.
  Voted in favor of resolution
  Abstained
  Vetoed resolution
Results of the United Nations General Assembly vote about the territorial integrity of Ukraine.

In favor
Against
Abstentions
Absent
Non-members UN Resolution regarding the territorial integrity of Ukraine.svg
Results of the United Nations General Assembly vote about the territorial integrity of Ukraine.
  In favor  Against  Abstentions  Absent  Non-members

Non-governmental political parties

Others

The International Workers' Association, an international group of anarcho-syndicalists, released a statement on behalf of its Russian section, that was also endorsed by other "internationalists" in Ukraine, Moldova, the United States and elsewhere, that condemned the crisis as a conflict between two "imperialist cliques" and concluded: "We will not succumb to nationalist intoxication. To hell with their state and 'nations,' their flags and offices! This is not our war, and we should not go on it, paying with our blood their palaces, bank accounts and the pleasure to sit in soft chairs of authorities. And if the bosses in Moscow, Kiev, Lviv, Kharkiv, Donetsk and Simferopol start this war, our duty is to resist it by all available means!" [165]

The Fourth International, an international group of Trotskyist communist parties, approved a resolution that expressed support for the Maidan Revolution and condemned Russian actions in Ukraine, while also expressing mistrust in the new government of Ukraine. The resolution also asked for immediate cessation of hostilities, withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukraine, opposition of anti-social policies and neutrality of the Ukrainian state. [166]

In 2014, Mikhail Gorbachev defended the Crimean status referendum that led to Russia's annexation of Crimea. [167] He noted that while Crimea was transferred from Russia to Ukraine in 1954, when both were part of the Soviet Union, the Crimean people had not been asked at the time, whereas in the 2014 referendum they had. [168] After sanctions were placed on Russia as a result of the annexation, Gorbachev spoke out against them. [169] His comments led to Ukraine banning him from entering the country for five years. [170]

The regional councils of Italy's northern regions Lombardy, Liguria and Veneto adopted a non-binding resolution on recognizing Crimea as part of Russia, but they revoked it in 2022 after Russia invaded Ukraine. [171] [172]

See also

Notes

  1. If an official position can be sorted in more than one category, the "strongest" position was marked (from the "call for a peaceful resolution" to "interpretation as a military intervention" consecutively). For the sources see the image description.

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