Isis Temple

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Isis Temple
Grand Canyon, from Yavapai Point (6633033753).jpg
Isis Temple is the landform on the right with the summit block (capstone). (Flat-topped & heavily forested Shiva Temple prominence to left)
Highest point
Elevation 7,006 ft (2,135 m)  NGVD 29 [1]
Prominence 1,666 ft (508 m) [1]
Coordinates 36°08′27″N112°08′17″W / 36.1408156°N 112.137948°W / 36.1408156; -112.137948 Coordinates: 36°08′27″N112°08′17″W / 36.1408156°N 112.137948°W / 36.1408156; -112.137948 [2]
Naming
Etymology Isis [3]
Geography
USA Arizona relief location map.svg
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Isis Temple
Location Grand Canyon
Coconino County, Arizona. U.S.
Topo map USGS Shiva Temple
Geology
Age of rock Permian down to Proterozoic
Type of rock sedimentary,
upon Unkar Group quartzite and sedimentary
Coconino Sandstone-(prominence),
Hermit Shale,
Supai Group,
Redwall Limestone,
Muav Limestone
Temple Butte Formation
Tonto Group–(units 2,v3 of 3)
3_Muav Limestone,
2_Bright Angel Shale,
Unkar Group-(units 1,2,3 of 5)
3_Shinumo Quartzite,
2_Hakatai Shale,
1_Bass Limestone,
Vishnu Basement Rocks

Isis Temple is a prominence in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, Southwestern United States. It is located below the North Rim and adjacent to Granite Gorge. The prominence lies north of the north bank of the west-flowing Colorado River and is just north of Granite Gorge. The Trinity Creek and canyon flow due south at its west border; its north, and northeast border/flank is formed by Phantom Creek (Phantom Ranch, about 2,460 ft (750 m)) and canyon, a west tributary of Bright Angel Creek; the creeks intersect about 3 mi (4.8 km) southeast, and 1.0 mi (1.6 km) north of Granite Gorge. [4] The Isis Temple prominence (a short remainder caprock of bright-white Coconino Sandstone, on an erosion slope of brownish Hermit Formation), is only about 202 ft (62 m) lower than Grand Canyon Village, the main public center on Grand Canyon’s South Rim.

Contents

Isis Temple is about 5 mi (8.0 km) directly north of Grand Canyon Village on the South Rim, Grand Canyon; the Village is the west terminus of Arizona Route 64 (East Rim Drive), and north terminus of U.S. 180, from Valle, Arizona, and Williams (about 58 mi (93 km) south).

Isis Temple is part of an uplifted, and sub-faulted block (about 3.5 mi (5.6 km) long and 2.0 mi (3.2 km) wide), [5] with a sub-peak landform, Cheops Pyramid 5,392 ft (1,643 m), [5] about 1,600 ft (488 m) lower in elevation, and 1.0 mi (1.6 km) [6] southeast of the Isis Temple prominence. The Isis prominence is composed of erosion resistant cliff-forming Coconino Sandstone.

Trails

The North Kaibab Trail accesses the Bright Angel Canyon route. Views of Isis Temple, or routes to the region are from the middle, or lower Bright Angel Canyon-Phantom Creek region, the flatlands around Isis, Cheops and the block southeast, called Utah Flats; one of the trails leads to the viewpoint at the Isis-Cheops Saddle. From the North Rim, the Tiyo Point Trail has views of Isis Temple from the north.

Geology

Isis Temple from 2-mi SSW.
From Dana Butte region upon (west)-Tonto Trail, south Granite Gorge.
Right of Isis peak is the southwest cliff of the ridgeline: The Colonnade, at Tiyo Point; behind Isis peak is Tiyo Point, North Rim, and the Kaibab-Toroweap-Coconino Sandstone cliff sequence-(white-dark-white), and forested top, about 5.5-mi from Dana Butte, Tonto Trail. USA 09855 Grand Canyon Luca Galuzzi 2007.jpg
Isis Temple from 2-mi SSW.
From Dana Butte region upon (west)-Tonto Trail, south Granite Gorge.
Right of Isis peak is the southwest cliff of the ridgeline: The Colonnade, at Tiyo Point; behind Isis peak is Tiyo Point, North Rim, and the Kaibab-Toroweap-Coconino Sandstone cliff sequence-(white-dark-white), and forested top, about 5.5-mi from Dana Butte, Tonto Trail.

The prominence of Isis Temple is composed of the Coconino Sandstone, at 7,012 feet (2,137 m), (a similar elevation to the North Rim, Grand Canyon, Kaibab Plateau, and the Coconino is geologic member no. 2 of the 4 units of Permian age; unit 4, Kaibab Limestone makes up the Kaibab Plateau). Below the cliff-former Coconino Sandstone is eroded, slope-forming Hermit Shale, upon the uppermost Supai Group 'redbeds' member the cliff-forming, Esplanade Sandstone-(see Tuckup Trail). After the thick sequence of 'redbeds', the cliff-forming Redwall Limestone sits above highly eroded slopes of Muav Limestone and Bright Angel Shale. These slopes are deposited upon the cliff-forming unit of Shinumo Quartzite. The Shinumo Quartzite forms the cliff-base of Isis Temple, with highly erodable units forming the slopes below, the colorful, yellows, reds, and purplish colors from the Hakatai Shale, above the bottom Unkar Group member, Bass Formation-(in other photos shown as a well-bedded, grayish, multi-layered member, sitting on Vishnu Basement Rocks, at the top of Middle Granite Gorge).

The Shinumo Quartzite lies above the slope-forming unit of the Hakatai Shale, above Bass Formation. The two slope formers can be seen as reddish, yellowish, and purplish in photographs. From the south, three colorful slope-forming sections below the Shinumo Quartzite cliffs can be observed from a distance, one each below Isis Temple and Cheops Pyramid; a lower prominence has the third slope directly upon Granite Gorge, with the intersection of Bright Angel Creek/Canyon, located at the southeast section of the uplifted fault-block, that Isis Temple and Cheops Pyramid are part of.

Tapeats Sea, Shinumo Quartzite, and Unkar Group Horst

No Tapeats Sandstone was deposited upon the Shinumo Quartzite. In the Tapeats Sea, the marine transgression sequence of sandstone-(conglomerates)-shale-limestone found two 'mountain island' members, the Cardenas Basalt (sections), and the Shinumo Quartzite, as erosion resistant 'prominences'. Only the Bright Angel Shale and Muav Limestone were deposited above the 'mountain island' prominences; Tapeats Sandstone was deposited around the 'Shinumo Quartzite island' perimeter, and can be seen in Bright Angel Canyon, west and northwest, the Phantom Creek drainage, north, and in the Trinity Creek drainage down the west perimeter, and upstream.

The Isis Temple-Cheops Pyramid is part of a localized fault-block, uplifted; (it also contains 3 sub-faults [8] within it, parallel to the fault at its north border, Phantom Creek); [9] the fault bordering the fault-block west, is down Trinity Creek; the fault east is the Bright Angel Fault, down Bright Angel Canyon, and on the south (South Rim side, 'south' of Middle Granite Gorge), through Garden Creek (canyon), of the Bright Angel Trail.

The Unkar Group, which forms the base of Isis Temple, consists of the Shinumo Quartzite, Hakatai Shale, and Bass Formation in descending order. The Unkar Group lies upon the Vishnu Basement Rocks, which are exposed in Lower, Middle, and Upper Granite Gorge. The Unkar Group, and other subdivisions of the (Grand Canyon Supergroup), are tilted, about 15 degrees, as seen in photographs, or while viewing in Grand Canyon.

List of geologic units of Isis Temple

The following is the list of geologic units below the Isis Temple prominence (for 5-member Unkar Group fault–block, members 3 through 1):

Trinity Canyon/Trinity Creek landforms

The headwaters of Trinity Canyon lies at the south face of Shiva Temple (Grand Canyon). The eastern watershed north to south is Isis Temple with two side canyons of the western extension arms of the Isis Temple. The western watershed north to south is the Claude Birdseye Point prominence on a western arm of Shiva Temple (Arizona). Next is a series of three connected landforms, lowering in height southward – Osiris Temple (ht 6613 ft), Horus Temple (ht 6150 ft), and Tower of Set (ht 6012 ft), bordering the outfall region into Granite Gorge and the Colorado River.

Observation viewpoints

Isis Temple can be viewed from the South Rim, from the viewpoints, west and east of Grand Canyon Village, Arizona. Hopi Point (west), and Yavapai Point (east), and Mather Point, are both at Grand Canyon Village, and due-south of Isis Temple.

Isis Temple can be viewed from the North Rim, Bright Angel Point region; Isis Temple prominence is about 3-mi due south of Tiyo Point-(Tiyo Point Trail), and Isis and Cheops Pyramid are about 5-mi southwest of Bright Angel Point. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geology of the Grand Canyon area</span> Aspect of geology

The geology of the Grand Canyon area includes one of the most complete and studied sequences of rock on Earth. The nearly 40 major sedimentary rock layers exposed in the Grand Canyon and in the Grand Canyon National Park area range in age from about 200 million to nearly 2 billion years old. Most were deposited in warm, shallow seas and near ancient, long-gone sea shores in western North America. Both marine and terrestrial sediments are represented, including lithified sand dunes from an extinct desert. There are at least 14 known unconformities in the geologic record found in the Grand Canyon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tonto Group</span> Cambrian geologic unit in the Grand Canyon region, Arizona

The Tonto Group is a name for an assemblage of related sedimentary strata, collectively known by geologists as a Group, that comprises the basal sequence Paleozoic strata exposed in the sides of the Grand Canyon. As currently defined, the Tonto groups consists of the Sixtymile Formation, Tapeats Sandstone, Bright Angel Shale, Muav Limestone, and Frenchman Mountain Dolostone. Historically, it included only the Tapeats Sandstone, Bright Angel Shale, and Muav Limestone. Because these units are defined by lithology and three of them interfinger and intergrade laterally, they lack the simple layer cake geology as they are typically portrayed as having and geological mapping of them is complicated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muav Limestone</span> Geologic strata in Southwestern United States

The Cambrian Muav Limestone is a geologic unit within the 5-member Tonto Group. It is about 650 feet (198 m) thick at its maximum. It is a resistant cliff-forming unit. The Muav consists of dark to light-gray, brown, and orange red limestone with dolomite and calcareous mudstone. The Muav Limestone is overlain in the western Grand Canyon by the late Cambrian Frenchman Mountain Dolostone. Eastward, the Frenchman Mountain Dolostone pinches out and the Mississippian Redwall Limestone, which forms prominent vertical cliffs, directly lies upon the Muav Limestone. The Devonian Temple Butte Formation fill deep paleovalleys that have been cut through the Frenchman Mountain Dolostone and into the Muav Limestone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cardenas Basalt</span> Rock formation in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

The Cardenas Basalt, also known as either the Cardenas Lava or Cardenas Lavas, is a rock formation that outcrops over an area of about 310 km2 (120 mi2) in the eastern Grand Canyon, Coconino County, Arizona. The lower part of the Cardenas Basalt forms granular talus slopes. Its upper part forms nearly continuous low cliffs that are parallel to the general course of the Colorado River. The most complete, readily accessible, and easily studied exposure of the Cardenas Basalt lies in Basalt Canyon. This is also its type locality.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Unkar Group</span> Sequence of geologic strata of Proterozoic age

The Unkar Group is a sequence of strata of Proterozoic age that are subdivided into five geologic formations and exposed within the Grand Canyon, Arizona, Southwestern United States. The 5-unit Unkar Group is the basal member of the 8-member Grand Canyon Supergroup. The Unkar is about 1,600 to 2,200 m thick and composed, in ascending order, of the Bass Formation, Hakatai Shale, Shinumo Quartzite, Dox Formation, and Cardenas Basalt. Units 4 & 5 are found mostly in the eastern region of Grand Canyon. Units 1 through 3 are found in central Grand Canyon. The Unkar Group accumulated approximately between 1250 and 1104 Ma. In ascending order, the Unkar Group is overlain by the Nankoweap Formation, about 113 to 150 m thick; the Chuar Group, about 1,900 m (6,200 ft) thick; and the Sixtymile Formation, about 60 m (200 ft) thick. These are all of the units of the Grand Canyon Supergroup. The Unkar Group makes up approximately half of the thickness of the 8-unit Supergroup.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Temple Butte</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Temple Butte, in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, US is a prominence below the East Rim. The butte lies on the west bank of the south-flowing Colorado River. The outfall from the Little Colorado River, draining from the Painted Desert to the east and southeast, is about 2-mi upstream.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grand Canyon Supergroup</span> Sequence of sedimentary strata

The Grand Canyon Supergroup is a Mesoproterozoic to a Neoproterozoic sequence of sedimentary strata, partially exposed in the eastern Grand Canyon of Arizona. This group comprises the Unkar Group, Nankoweap Formation, Chuar Group and the Sixtymile Formation, which overlie Vishnu Basement Rocks. Several notable landmarks of the Grand Canyon, such as the Isis Temple and Cheops Pyramid, and the Apollo Temple, are surface manifestations of the Grand Canyon Supergroup.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tanner Graben</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Located directly downstream of the Little Colorado River confluence with the Colorado River, the Tanner Graben, in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, US is a prominence and cliffside rock formation below the East Rim. Tanner Graben is located riverside, on the Colorado River, on a north-northwest bank at Mile 68.5, and lies opposite Tanner Canyon. The Tanner Rapid, created by Tanner Creek lies at the riverside foot of the graben. The graben is a pronounced feature because of the black Cardenas Basalt that forms the middle section of the graben, presumably free of debris accumulation by its cliff face steepness, and winds, and airflow drainage that course through the Colorado River's canyons; unprotected side canyons of Cardenas Basalt show accumulations as a slope-forming geologic unit, with little showing of black basalt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hakatai Shale</span> Mesoproterozoic rock formation

The Hakatai Shale is a Mesoproterozoic rock formation with important exposures in the Grand Canyon, Coconino County, Arizona. It consists of colorful strata that exhibit colors varying from purple to red to brilliant orange. These colors are the result of the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals in the Hakatai Shale. It consists of lower and middle members that consist of bright-red, slope-forming, highly fractured, argillaceous mudstones and shale and an upper member composed of purple and red, cliff-forming, medium-grained sandstone. Its thickness, which apparently increases eastwards, varies from 137 to 300 m. In general, the Hakatai Shale and associated strata of the Unkar Group rocks dip northeast (10–30°) toward normal faults that dip 60° or more toward the southwest. This can be seen at the Palisades fault in the eastern part of the main Unkar Group outcrop area. In addition, thick, prominent, and dark-colored basaltic sills and dikes cut across the purple to red to brilliant orange strata of the Hakatai Shale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Esplanade Sandstone</span> Geologic unit found in the Grand Canyon

The Lower Permian Esplanade Sandstone is a cliff-forming, resistant sandstone, dark red, geologic unit found in the Grand Canyon. The rock unit forms a resistant shelf in the west Grand Canyon, south side of the Colorado River, at the east of the Toroweap Fault, down-dropped to west, southeast of Toroweap Overlook, and west of Havasupai. The red, sandstone shelf, The Esplanade is about 20-mi long. At Toroweap Overlook region, Toroweap Valley with Vulcan's Throne, Uinkaret volcanic field, the resistant Esplanade Sandstone is described in access routes exploring the Toroweap Lake area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bass Formation</span> Lithostratigraphic unit found in Arizona, US

The Bass Formation, also known as the Bass Limestone, is a Mesoproterozoic rock formation that outcrops in the eastern Grand Canyon, Coconino County, Arizona. The Bass Formation erodes as either cliffs or stair-stepped cliffs. In the case of the stair-stepped topography, resistant dolomite layers form risers and argillite layers form steep treads. In general, the Bass Formation in the Grand Canyon region and associated strata of the Unkar Group-rocks dip northeast (10°–30°) toward normal faults that dip 60+° toward the southwest. This can be seen at the Palisades fault in the eastern part of the main Unkar Group outcrop area. In addition, thick, prominent, and dark-colored basaltic sills intrude across the Bass Formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shinumo Quartzite</span> Mesoproterozoic rock formation in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

The Shinumo Quartzite also known as the Shinumo Sandstone, is a Mesoproterozoic rock formation, which outcrops in the eastern Grand Canyon, Coconino County, Arizona,. It is the 3rd member of the 5-unit Unkar Group. The Shinumo Quartzite consists of a series of massive, cliff-forming sandstones and sedimentary quartzites. Its cliffs contrast sharply with the stair-stepped topography of typically brightly-colored strata of the underlying slope-forming Hakatai Shale. Overlying the Shinumo, dark green to black, fissile, slope-forming shales of the Dox Formation create a well-defined notch. It and other formations of the Unkar Group occur as isolated fault-bound remnants along the main stem of the Colorado River and its tributaries in Grand Canyon.

Typically, the Shinumo Quartzite and associated strata of the Unkar Group dip northeast (10°–30°) toward normal faults that dip 60+° toward the southwest. This can be seen at the Palisades fault in the eastern part of the main Unkar Group outcrop area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dox Formation</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

The Dox Formation, also known as the Dox Sandstone, is a Mesoproterozoic rock formation that outcrops in the eastern Grand Canyon, Coconino County, Arizona. The strata of the Dox Formation, except for some more resistant sandstone beds, are relatively susceptible to erosion and weathering. The lower member of the Dox Formation consists of silty-sandstone and sandstone, and some interbedded argillaceous beds, that form stair-stepped, cliff-slope topography. The bulk of the Dox Formation typically forms rounded and sloping hill topography that occupies an unusually broad section of the canyon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zoroaster Temple</span> Landform in Coconino County, Arizona

Zoroaster Temple is a 7,123-foot-elevation summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of Arizona, USA. It is situated 5.5 miles northeast of the Yavapai Point overlook on the canyon's South Rim, from which it can be seen towering over 4,600 feet above the Colorado River and Granite Gorge. Its nearest higher neighbor is Brahma Temple, less than one mile to the north-northeast. Zoroaster Temple is named for Zoroaster, an ancient Iranian prophet. This name was used by George Wharton James and Clarence Dutton. Dutton began the tradition of naming geographical features in the Grand Canyon after mythological deities. This geographical feature's name was officially adopted in 1906 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.

The first ascent of the summit was made by Rick Tidrick and Dave Ganci in September 1958 via the NE Arete (class 5.9+). Other climbing routes include Screaming Sky Crack, and SE Face, a challenging class 5.11+ route that was first climbed in 2012. The 1958 Zoroaster ascent was the first technical climb in the Grand Canyon, transforming the Grand Canyon into a climbing mecca and setting off a rush to climb the many summits. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Zoroaster Temple is located in a Cold semi-arid climate zone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buddha Temple (Grand Canyon)</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Buddha Temple is a 7,212-foot-elevation (2,198 meter) summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of northern Arizona, in the Southwestern United States. It is situated 6.5 miles (10.5 km) due north of the Mather Point overlook on the canyon's South Rim, and four miles southwest of the North Rim's Bright Angel Point. Topographic relief is significant as it rises over 3,800 feet (1,160 meters) in two miles above Bright Angel Canyon to the east, and 3,000 feet in less than one mile above Haunted Canyon to the immediate west. Its neighbors include Manu Temple 1.5 mile (2.4 km) to the northeast, Isis Temple 2.3 miles to the southwest, Zoroaster Temple 3.8 miles to the southeast, and Deva Temple, 3.5 miles to the east. Buddha Temple was named by Henry Gannett, a geographer for Clarence Dutton, in following Dutton's practice of naming features in the Grand Canyon after mythological deities, in this case Buddha. This geographical feature's name was officially adopted in 1906 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The first ascent of this butte was made in 1973 by Bruce Grubbs, Chauncey Parker, and Mark Brown via the Northwest Arete. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Buddha Temple is located in a Cold semi-arid climate zone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dragon Head (Arizona)</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Dragon Head (Arizona) is a 7,765-foot (2,367 m) elevation summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of Arizona, US. It is situated in the north of the Hindu Amphitheater, ~2.0 miles west of Shiva Temple, and ~2.5 mi southeast of Grama Point. Unlike the extensive Ponderosa Pine forest of Shiva Temple, tableland/plateau prominence, Dragon Head’s flat-topped, is only populated with a marginal non-Ponderosa forest. Shiva Temple is approximately 275 acres (0.43 mi2), where Dragon Head is an ~5 acre prominence platform.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cheops Pyramid</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Cheops Pyramid is a 5,401-foot-elevation (1,646 meter) summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of Arizona, US. This butte is situated four miles north of Grand Canyon Village, 2.5 miles south-southwest of Buddha Temple, and 1.7 mile south-southeast of Isis Temple, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Topographic relief is significant as it rises 3,000 feet (914 meters) above the Colorado River in 1.5 mile. It was named by George Wharton James for the fanciful resemblance to the famous pyramid constructed by Egyptian Pharaoh Cheops. This was in keeping with Clarence Dutton's tradition of naming geographical features in the Grand Canyon after mythological deities. This butte's name was officially adopted in 1906 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Cheops Pyramid is located in a Cold semi-arid climate zone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape Royal</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Cape Royal is a 7,880+-cliff-elevation summit located in the eastern Grand Canyon, Coconino County of northern Arizona, United States. It is the southernmost viewpoint of the North Rim, viewing from north-northeast, south, west, southwest. Its next viewpoint northwest is Honan Point, with Thor Temple directly below. Directly east-northeast is the major viewing point of Cape Final, which gives views almost directly north. The 1/2 mile Cape Royal Trail starts at the parking lot and ends at the overlook at Cape Royal.

From Cape Royal, directly southeast can be seen the massif and highpoint of Freya Castle, and southeasterly is massive Wotans Throne, which is a surviving section of the North Rim, with a Ponderosa Pine, forested, flat prominence. The cliffs of Cape Royal are composed of Kaibab Limestone, on erodible Toroweap Formation, upon white cliffs of Coconino Sandstone. The watershed drainage from Cape Royal, overlooks the Unkar Creek and Canyon to the south into the Colorado River, about 6 miles distant.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mather Point</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Mather Point is a 7,119 foot (2,170 m)-cliff-elevation Point located in the central Grand Canyon, Coconino County of northern Arizona, United States. It was named in honor of Stephen Tyng Mather, an American industrialist and conservationist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cocopa Point</span> Landform in the Grand Canyon, Arizona

Cocopa Point is a 6,627 foot (2,020 m)-cliff-elevation Point located in the central,, Grand Canyon, Coconino County of northern Arizona, United States. Cocopa Point is 1.1 miles from its closest highest scenic viewpoint, Yuma Point (6,654 ft), located east at Eremita Mesa, at the northeast, overlooking Central Hermit Canyon.

Cocopa Point is in a region of points, at the headwaters of canyons, and landforms below the South Rim. Mimbreno Point lies ~1.7 miles west, and Hermit Canyon and Pima Point, at the west-terminus of West Rim Drive, are about 1.5 mi and 2.0 miles due-east. Cocopa Point is at the northwest of Eremita Mesa; Yuma Point is at the northeast; the mesa lies between Hermit Canyon, east, and Upper Boucher Canyon, west. Cocopa Point is a sheer-walled cliff, sitting at the northwest headwaters of short, Travertine Canyon. At the west of Lower Travertine Canyon, adjacent the Colorado River, sits Whites Butte, about 1.2 miles distant from Cocopa Point.

References

  1. 1 2 "Isis Temple". ListsOfJohn.com. Retrieved 2016-08-17.
  2. "Isis Temple". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved 2016-08-17.
  3. Circular of General Information Regarding Grand Canyon National Park Arizona, 1928, U.S. Government Printing Office, p. 63.
  4. Arizona Road & Recreation Atlas. Benchmark Maps. p. 28.
  5. 1 2 Arizona Road & Recreation Atlas, Benchmark Maps, pp. 12–13.
  6. Arizona Road Atlas, Benchmark Maps, p. 12.
  7. 1 2 Arizona Road & Recreation Atlas, Benchmark Maps, p. 28.
  8. Chronic, Halka. Roadside Geology of Arizona, from Section: "Grand Canyon National Park", pp. 279–87. Graphic, Faults of eastern Grand Canyon show a NW-SE trend superimposed on a NE-SW trend inherited from Precambrian time. In Grand Canyon these faults can be studied in three-dimensional detail. (about 35 faults shown), p. 286.
  9. Chronic, Halka. Roadside Geology of Arizona, p. 286.

Additional sources