Lexington, Oklahoma

Last updated

Lexington, Oklahoma
City
Cleveland County, Oklahoma Incorporated and Unincorporated areas highlighting Lexington.svg
Location of Lexington in Oklahoma
Coordinates: 35°01′04″N97°20′05″W / 35.01778°N 97.33472°W / 35.01778; -97.33472
Country United States
State Oklahoma
County Cleveland
Area
[1]
 • Total2.48 sq mi (6.43 km2)
 • Land2.41 sq mi (6.24 km2)
 • Water0.07 sq mi (0.19 km2)
Elevation
[2]
1,034 ft (315 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total2,010
 • Density833.68/sq mi (321.91/km2)
Time zone UTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST) UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code
73051
Area code(s) 405/572
FIPS code 40-42700 [3]
GNIS feature ID2410830 [2]
Website cityoflexington.com

Lexington is a city in Cleveland County, Oklahoma, United States. The city population was 2,010 at the 2020 census, a 6.6% decrease from 2010. [4]

Contents

Geography

Lexington is located in southern Cleveland County. It is bordered on the west by the Canadian River, which forms the McClain County line. The city of Purcell is directly across the river from Lexington, connected by U.S. Route 77. US 77 leads north from Lexington 16 miles (26 km) to Norman and 38 miles (61 km) to the center of Oklahoma City.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Lexington has a total area of 2.4 square miles (6.2 km2), all land. [4]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1890 223—
1900 861286.1%
1910 768−10.8%
1920 95023.7%
1930 836−12.0%
1940 1,08429.7%
1950 1,1768.5%
1960 1,2163.4%
1970 1,51624.7%
1980 1,73114.2%
1990 1,7762.6%
2000 2,08617.5%
2010 2,1523.2%
2020 2,010−6.6%
U.S. Decennial Census [5]

As of the census [3] of 2010 there were 2,152 people, 761 households, and 541 families residing in the city. The population density was 979.3 people per square mile (378.1/km2). There were 842 housing units at an average density of 395.3 per square mile (152.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 85.62% White, 0.58% African American, 6.47% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 3.74% from other races, and 3.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.29% of the population.

There were 761 households, out of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 19.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,538, and the median income for a family was $32,155. Males had a median income of $27,292 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,322. About 13.1% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 15.8% of those age 65 or over.

History

In 1835, north of the present town, Major Richard B. Mason established Camp Holmes. Here, the Five Civilized Tribes, many of the Plains Indians and the Osage Nation met and signed the treaty of Camp Holmes, pledging peace and friendship among themselves and the United States. Later, Auguste P. Chouteau established a trading post here and renamed the place Camp Mason. Jesse Chisholm operated a store here. [6]

The area of Lexington was in the Unassigned Lands, and the town was planned before the Land Rush of 1889. The town was named after Lexington, Kentucky. The post office was established in 1890. [6]

The first incorporation of Lexington in 1890 was dissolved after political infighting and a dispute over high taxes on liquor sales. After a compromise was reached, the town reincorporated in 1892. [6]

Before Oklahoma statehood in 1907, Lexington was known as a "whiskey town". Much of the business came from across the Canadian River from the thriving railroad town of Purcell which was located in dry Indian Territory. The Weitzenhoffer and Turk Distillery, the largest distillery in Oklahoma Territory, opened near Lexington in 1900 and operated until statewide prohibition in 1907. [6]

During World War II, the Navy operated a gunnery school east of Lexington. After the war, the State of Oklahoma acquired the property and built an annex to Central State Mental Hospital (later Griffin Memorial Hospital). In 1971, the Department of Corrections acquired the property and opened a minimum security prison called the Regional Treatment Center. In 1976, the state began construction on the Lexington Assessment and Reception Center (LARC) which processes all new prisoners entering the state correctional system. The Regional Treatment Center was re-designated as the Joseph Harp Correctional Center, a medium-security prison. [6]

US 77 James C. Nance Bridge between Lexington and Purcell

The US 77 James C. Nance Memorial Bridge [7] connecting Purcell and Lexington [8] was originally built as a circa 1938 deck truss two-lane bridge, and in 2019, rebuilt as a concrete pier four-lane bridge [9] crossing the Canadian River between Purcell and Lexington, Oklahoma. [10] The bridge carries U.S. Route 77 (US-77) and Oklahoma State Highway 39 (SH-39) from McClain County to Cleveland County. [11] The bridge is named for James C. Nance, [12] longtime community newspaper chain publisher and Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Oklahoma Senate and member of U.S Uniform Law Commission. [13]

The Nance bridge allows travel time from Purcell (west side of the Canadian river) to Lexingon (East side of the river) to be only 3 minutes by car, according to google maps. When the bridge was closed (Emergency Closure, below), the same trip was 43 minutes when re-routed North to the nearest bridge, or 1 hour and 4 minutes when re-routed Southeast to the nearest bridge.

The 1938 construction of this bridge enabled communities from West and Southwest (Byars, Cole, Dibble, Paoli, Pauls Valley, Purcell, Rosedale, and Wayne) side of the river to reach the communities on the East side of the river (Lexington, Slaughterville, and Wanette). Traffic using the bridge allows trade and commerce to freely flow in this retail trade area of southern McClain County, southern Cleveland County, Southern Pottawatomie County, and northern area of Garvin County, and eastern portion of Grady county. The 2019 rebuilt bridge features the same design elements with concrete post and original circa 1938 design wrought iron railings which provide a separate pedestrian walkway offering sweeping views of the South Canadian River valley. [9]

According to the Oklahoma Department of Transportation, "History was made Friday July 26, 2019 in Purcell and Lexington, just as it was more than 80 years ago when the two cities celebrated the grand opening of a new bridge connecting their communities. The new US 77 James C. Nance Memorial Bridge that links the twin cities, located less than one mile apart, fully opened to traffic with much fanfare on Friday, July 26, 2019, the culmination of a major two-year, expedited reconstruction project." [8]

Notable people

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James Clark "Jim" Nance was a leader for 40 years in the Oklahoma Legislature in the U.S. state of Oklahoma and was community newspaper chain publisher 66 years. Nance served as Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives and President pro tempore of the Oklahoma Senate. During his legislative career, Nance wrote the "Honest Mistake" law which became a model for other states. Nance then became a key sponsor and Legislative Chairman of the U.S. Uniform Law Commission (ULC), sponsored by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, a non-partisan advisory panel which drafted uniform acts and uniform state commerce laws. Nance became known as a legislative expert in a 40-year legislative career as one of two Oklahomans to hold the top posts in both chambers of the Oklahoma Legislature. The state's largest newspaper, The Daily Oklahoman wrote he was the "longest serving Oklahoma Legislator" and "A Legislator's Legislator." Nance, a Democrat, is the only Oklahoma House Speaker elected through a bipartisan coalition of Democrats and Republicans. Fiercely Independent, Nance considered public policy work to be a service and did not ever accept a salary or pension for any of his 40 years in the legislature and 24 years on the Uniform Law Commission. Nance refused to work as a lobbyist, although he had many offers after leaving office.

References

  1. ↑ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
  2. 1 2 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Lexington, Oklahoma
  3. 1 2 "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  4. 1 2 "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Lexington city, Oklahoma". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 20, 2015. Retrieved February 20, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 O'Dell, Larry. "Lexington - Oklahoma Encyclopedia of History & Culture". Oklahoma Historical Society. Retrieved April 10, 2011.
  7. ↑ "James C. Nance Memorial Bridge 2019 - American Guide Series on". Waymarking.com. December 29, 2019. Retrieved May 3, 2022.
  8. 1 2 "Purcell/Lexington Bridge project".
  9. 1 2 name=https://oklahoma.gov/odot/citizen/newsroom/2019/july/history-repeats-as-new-purcell-lexington-bridge-opens-for-thene.html
  10. ↑ name=https://www.normantranscript.com/news/new-bridge-connecting-purcell-lexington-reaches-completion/article_32a8733b-b796-5339-a752-c3099acf3bad.html
  11. ↑ name=https://www.news-star.com/news/20190727/history-repeats-as-new-purcell-lexington-bridge-opens-for-next-generation
  12. ↑ "New Purcell-Lexington bridge to open Friday". July 25, 2019.
  13. ↑ name=https://travel.line.me/poi/5ed7dc55fa3c974c9409a0d7
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