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The Governor of Vermont is the U.S. state government's chief executive. As of 2015, Vermont is one of only two U.S. states (New Hampshire being the other) that elects Governors for two-year terms. Until 1870, Vermont elected its Governors for one-year terms. [1]
Vermont is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It borders the U.S. states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. Vermont is the second-smallest by population and the sixth-smallest by area of the 50 U.S. states. The state capital is Montpelier, the least populous state capital in the United States. The most populous city, Burlington, is the least populous city to be the most populous city in a state. As of 2015, Vermont was the leading producer of maple syrup in the United States. In crime statistics, it was ranked as the safest state in the country in 2016.
New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire is the 5th smallest by area and the 10th least populous of the 50 states. Concord is the state capital, while Manchester is the largest city in the state. It has no general sales tax, nor is personal income taxed at either the state or local level. The New Hampshire primary is the first primary in the U.S. presidential election cycle. Its license plates carry the state motto, "Live Free or Die". The state's nickname, "The Granite State", refers to its extensive granite formations and quarries.
# | Portrait | Governor | Took office | Left office | Party | Lieutenant Governor | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Thomas Chittenden | March 1778 | October 1789 | No party | Joseph Marsh (1778–1779) | No party | |
Benjamin Carpenter (1779–1781) | No party | ||||||
Elisha Payne (1781–1782) | No party | ||||||
Paul Spooner (1782–1787) | No party | ||||||
Joseph Marsh (1787–1790) | No party | ||||||
2 | Moses Robinson | October 1789 | October 1790 | No party | |||
3 | Thomas Chittenden | October 1790 | October 1791 | No party | Peter Olcott (1790–1794) | No party |
Democratic (6) Democratic-Republican (6) Federalist (3) No party (1) National Republican (2) Republican (54) Whig (8)
The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. Tracing its heritage back to Thomas Jefferson and James Madison's Democratic-Republican Party, the modern-day Democratic Party was founded around 1828 by supporters of Andrew Jackson, making it the world's oldest active political party.
The National Republican Party, also known as the Anti-Jacksonian Party and sometimes the Adams Party, was a political party in the United States that evolved from a faction of the Democratic-Republican Party that supported John Quincy Adams in the 1824 presidential election.
The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major political parties in the United States; the other is its historic rival, the Democratic Party.
# | Portrait | Governor | Took office | Left office | Lieutenant Governor | Party | Side of the Green Mountains |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Thomas Chittenden | October 1790 | August 25, 1797 | Jonathan Hunt | Independent | West | |
Paul Brigham | |||||||
2 | Paul Brigham | August 25, 1797 | October 16, 1797 | Democratic-Republican | East | ||
3 | Isaac Tichenor | October 16, 1797 | October 9, 1807 | Federalist | West | ||
4 | Israel Smith | October 9, 1807 | October 14, 1808 | Democratic-Republican | West | ||
5 | Isaac Tichenor | October 14, 1808 | October 14, 1809 | Federalist | West | ||
6 | Jonas Galusha | October 14, 1809 | October 23, 1813 | Democratic-Republican | West | ||
7 | Martin Chittenden | October 23, 1813 | October 14, 1815 | William Chamberlain | Federalist | West | |
8 | Jonas Galusha | October 14, 1815 | October 23, 1820 | Paul Brigham | Democratic-Republican | West | |
9 | Richard Skinner | October 23, 1820 | October 10, 1823 | William Cahoon | Democratic-Republican | West | |
Aaron Leland | |||||||
10 | Cornelius P. Van Ness | October 10, 1823 | October 13, 1826 | Democratic-Republican | West | ||
11 | Ezra Butler | October 13, 1826 | October 10, 1828 | National Republican | East | ||
Henry Olin | |||||||
12 | Samuel C. Crafts | October 10, 1828 | October 18, 1831 | Mark Richards | National Republican | East | |
13 | William A. Palmer | October 18, 1831 | November 2, 1835 | Lebbeus Egerton | Anti-Masonic | East | |
Silas H. Jennison (Whig) | |||||||
14 | Silas H. Jennison | November 2, 1835 | October 15, 1841 | vacant | Whig | West | |
David M. Camp | |||||||
15 | Charles Paine | October 15, 1841 | October 13, 1843 | Waitstill R. Ranney | Whig | East | |
16 | John Mattocks | October 13, 1843 | October 11, 1844 | Horace Eaton | Whig | East | |
17 | William Slade | October 11, 1844 | October 9, 1846 | Whig | West | ||
18 | Horace Eaton | October 9, 1846 | October 1848 | Leonard Sargeant | Whig | East | |
19 | Carlos Coolidge | October 1848 | October 11, 1850 | Robert Pierpoint | Whig | East | |
20 | Charles K. Williams | October 11, 1850 | October 1852 | Julius Converse | Whig | West | |
21 | Erastus Fairbanks | October 1852 | October 27, 1853 | William C. Kittredge | Whig | East | |
22 | John S. Robinson | October 27, 1853 | October 13, 1854 | Jefferson P. Kidder | Democratic | West | |
23 | Stephen Royce | October 13, 1854 | October 10, 1856 | Ryland Fletcher | Whig (1st term) | West | |
Republican (2nd term) | |||||||
24 | Ryland Fletcher | October 10, 1856 | October 10, 1858 | James M. Slade | Republican | East | |
25 | Hiland Hall | October 10, 1858 | October 12, 1860 | Burnham Martin | Republican | West | |
26 | Erastus Fairbanks | October 12, 1860 | October 11, 1861 | Levi Underwood | Republican | East | |
27 | Frederick Holbrook | October 11, 1861 | October 9, 1863 | Republican | East | ||
Paul Dillingham | |||||||
28 | J. Gregory Smith | October 9, 1863 | October 13, 1865 | Republican | West | ||
29 | Paul Dillingham | October 13, 1865 | October 13, 1867 | Abraham B. Gardner | Republican | East | |
30 | John B. Page | October 13, 1867 | October 15, 1869 | Stephen Thomas | Republican | West | |
31 | Peter T. Washburn | October 15, 1869 | February 7, 1870 | George W. Hendee | Republican | East | |
32 | George W. Hendee | February 7, 1870 | October 6, 1870 | George N. Dale | Republican | West | |
33 | John W. Stewart | October 6, 1870 | October 3, 1872 | Republican | West | ||
34 | Julius Converse | October 3, 1872 | October 8, 1874 | Russell S. Taft | Republican | East | |
35 | Asahel Peck | October 8, 1874 | October 5, 1876 | Lyman G. Hinckley | Republican | West | |
36 | Horace Fairbanks | October 5, 1876 | October 3, 1878 | Redfield Proctor | Republican | East | |
37 | Redfield Proctor | October 3, 1878 | October 7, 1880 | Eben Pomeroy Colton | Republican | West | |
38 | Roswell Farnham | October 7, 1880 | October 5, 1882 | John L. Barstow | Republican | East | |
39 | John L. Barstow | October 5, 1882 | October 2, 1884 | Samuel E. Pingree | Republican | West | |
40 | Samuel E. Pingree | October 2, 1884 | October 7, 1886 | Ebenezer J. Ormsbee | Republican | East | |
41 | Ebenezer J. Ormsbee | October 7, 1886 | October 4, 1888 | Levi K. Fuller | Republican | West | |
42 | William P. Dillingham | October 4, 1888 | October 2, 1890 | Urban A. Woodbury | Republican | East | |
43 | Carroll S. Page | October 2, 1890 | October 6, 1892 | Henry A. Fletcher | Republican | West | |
44 | Levi K. Fuller | October 6, 1892 | October 4, 1894 | F. Stewart Stranahan | Republican | East | |
45 | Urban A. Woodbury | October 4, 1894 | October 8, 1896 | Zophar M. Mansur | Republican | West | |
46 | Josiah Grout | October 8, 1896 | October 6, 1898 | Nelson W. Fisk | Republican | East | |
47 | Edward C. Smith | October 6, 1898 | October 4, 1900 | Henry C. Bates | Republican | West | |
48 | William W. Stickney | October 4, 1900 | October 3, 1902 | Martin F. Allen | Republican | East | |
49 | John G. McCullough | October 3, 1902 | October 6, 1904 | Zed S. Stanton | Republican | West | |
50 | Charles J. Bell | October 6, 1904 | October 4, 1906 | Charles H. Stearns | Republican | East | |
51 | Fletcher D. Proctor | October 4, 1906 | October 8, 1908 | George H. Prouty | Republican | West | |
52 | George H. Prouty | October 8, 1908 | October 5, 1910 | John A. Mead | Republican | East | |
53 | John A. Mead | October 5, 1910 | October 3, 1912 | Leighton P. Slack | Republican | West | |
54 | Allen M. Fletcher | October 3, 1912 | January 7, 1915 | Frank E. Howe | Republican | East | |
55 | Charles W. Gates | January 7, 1915 | January 4, 1917 | Hale K. Darling | Republican | West | |
56 | Horace F. Graham | January 4, 1917 | January 9, 1919 | Roger W. Hulburd | Republican | East | |
57 | Percival W. Clement | January 9, 1919 | January 6, 1921 | Mason S. Stone | Republican | West | |
58 | James Hartness | January 6, 1921 | January 4, 1923 | Abram W. Foote | Republican | East | |
59 | Redfield Proctor, Jr. | January 4, 1923 | January 8, 1925 | Franklin S. Billings | Republican | West | |
60 | Franklin S. Billings | January 8, 1925 | January 6, 1927 | Walter K. Farnsworth | Republican | East | |
61 | John E. Weeks | January 6, 1927 | January 8, 1931 | Hollister Jackson Stanley C. Wilson | Republican | West | |
62 | Stanley C. Wilson | January 8, 1931 | January 10, 1935 | Benjamin Williams Charles Manley Smith | Republican | East | |
63 | Charles M. Smith | January 10, 1935 | January 7, 1937 | George D. Aiken | Republican | West | |
64 | George David Aiken | January 7, 1937 | January 9, 1941 | William H. Wills | Republican | East | |
65 | William H. Wills | January 9, 1941 | January 4, 1945 | Mortimer R. Proctor | Republican | West | |
66 | Mortimer R. Proctor | January 4, 1945 | January 9, 1947 | Lee E. Emerson | Republican | West | |
67 | Ernest W. Gibson, Jr. | January 9, 1947 | January 16, 1950 | Republican | East | ||
Harold J. Arthur | |||||||
68 | Harold J. Arthur | January 16, 1950 | January 4, 1951 | vacant | Republican | West | |
69 | Lee E. Emerson | January 4, 1951 | January 6, 1955 | Joseph B. Johnson | Republican | East | |
70 | Joseph B. Johnson | January 6, 1955 | January 8, 1959 | Consuelo N. Bailey Robert T. Stafford | Republican | East | |
71 | Robert T. Stafford | January 8, 1959 | January 5, 1961 | Robert S. Babcock | Republican | West | |
72 | F. Ray Keyser, Jr. | January 5, 1961 | January 10, 1963 | Ralph A. Foote (Republican) | Republican | East | |
73 | Philip H. Hoff | January 10, 1963 | January 9, 1969 | Democratic | West | ||
John J. Daley (Democratic) | |||||||
74 | Deane C. Davis | January 9, 1969 | January 4, 1973 | Republican | East | ||
John S. Burgess (Republican) | |||||||
75 | Thomas P. Salmon | January 4, 1973 | January 6, 1977 | Democratic | East | ||
Brian D. Burns (Democratic) | |||||||
76 | Richard A. Snelling | January 6, 1977 | January 10, 1985 | T. Garry Buckley (Republican) | Republican | West | |
Madeleine Kunin (Democratic) | |||||||
Peter P. Smith (Republican) | |||||||
77 | Madeleine Kunin | January 10, 1985 | January 10, 1991 | Democratic | West | ||
Howard Dean (Democratic) | |||||||
78 | Richard A. Snelling | January 10, 1991 | August 13, 1991 | Republican | West | ||
79 | Howard Dean | August 13, 1991 | January 9, 2003 | vacant | Democratic | West | |
Barbara W. Snelling (Republican) | |||||||
Douglas Racine (Democratic) | |||||||
80 | Jim Douglas | January 9, 2003 | January 6, 2011 | Brian Dubie | Republican | West | |
81 | Peter Shumlin | January 6, 2011 | January 5, 2017 | Phil Scott (Republican) | Democratic | East | |
82 | Phil Scott | January 5, 2017 | Incumbent [2] | David Zuckerman (Progressive/Democratic) | Republican | East |
This is a table of congressional seats, other federal offices, and other governorships held by governors. All representatives and senators mentioned represented Vermont except where noted. * denotes those offices which the governor resigned to take.
Governor | Gubernatorial term | U.S. Congress | Other offices held | |
---|---|---|---|---|
House | Senate | |||
Moses Robinson | 1789–1790 (Vt. Republic) | S | ||
Isaac Tichenor | 1797–1807 1808–1809 | S | ||
Israel Smith | 1807–1808 | H | S | |
Richard Skinner | 1820–1823 | H | ||
Cornelius P. Van Ness | 1823–1826 | United States Minister to Spain, Collector of the Port of New York | ||
Ezra Butler | 1826–1828 | H | ||
Samuel C. Crafts | 1828–1831 | H | S | |
William A. Palmer | 1831–1835 | S | ||
John Mattocks | 1843–1844 | H | ||
William Slade | 1844–1846 | H | ||
Hiland Hall | 1858–1860 | H | ||
Paul Dillingham | 1865–1867 | H | ||
George W. Hendee | 1870 | H | ||
John W. Stewart | 1870–1872 | H | S | |
Redfield Proctor | 1878–1880 | S | United States Secretary of War | |
William P. Dillingham | 1888–1890 | S | ||
Carroll S. Page | 1890–1892 | S | ||
John E. Weeks | 1927–1931 | H | ||
George Aiken | 1937–1941 | S | ||
William H. Wills | 1941–1945 | Member, Federal Communications Commission | ||
Ernest W. Gibson, Jr. | 1947–1950 | S | Judge, United States District Court for the District of Vermont | |
Robert Stafford | 1959–1961 | H | S | |
Madeleine M. Kunin | 1985–1991 | United States Deputy Secretary of Education; United States Ambassador to Switzerland and Liechtenstein |
As of April 2018 [update] , there are five former governors of Vermont who are currently living at this time, the oldest governor of Vermont being Thomas P. Salmon (served 1973–1977, born 1932). The most recent governor of Vermont to die was Philip H. Hoff (served 1963–1969, born 1924), in April 2018. The most recently serving governor of Vermont to die was Richard A. Snelling (served 1977–1985 and 1991, born 1927), in office on August 13, 1991.
Thomas Paul Salmon is a U.S. Democratic Party politician who served as the 75th Governor of Vermont from 1973 to 1977.
Philip Henderson Hoff was an American politician from the U.S. state of Vermont. He was most notable for his service as the 73rd Governor of Vermont from 1963 to 1969, the state’s first Democratic governor since 1853.
Richard Arkwright Snelling was the 76th and 78th Governor of Vermont from 1977 to 1985 and from January 10, 1991 until his death from heart failure seven months later.
Governor | Gubernatorial term | Date of birth (and age) |
---|---|---|
Thomas P. Salmon | 1973–1977 | August 19, 1932 |
Madeleine M. Kunin | 1985–1991 | September 28, 1933 |
Howard Dean | 1991–2003 | November 17, 1948 |
Jim Douglas | 2003–2011 | June 21, 1951 |
Peter Shumlin | 2011–2017 | March 24, 1956 |
From the founding of the Republican Party in the 1850s until the 1960s, only Republicans won general elections for Vermont's statewide offices. One method that made this possible was imposition of the "Mountain Rule." Under the provisions of the Mountain Rule, one U.S. Senator was a resident of the east side of the Green Mountains and one resided on the west side, and the governorship and lieutenant governorship alternated between residents of the east and west side. Nominees for Governor and Lieutenant Governor were allowed two one-year terms and, later, one two-year term. For nearly 100 years, likely Republican candidates for office in Vermont agreed to abide by the Mountain Rule in the interests of party unity. Several factors led to the eventual weakening of the Mountain Rule, including: the long time political dispute between the Proctor (conservative) and Aiken–Gibson (liberal) wings of the party; primaries rather than conventions to select nominees; the direct election of U.S. Senators; and several active third parties, including the Progressives, the Prohibition Party, and the Local Option movement. In the 1960s, the rise of the Vermont Democratic Party and the construction of Interstate 89 also contributed to the end of the Mountain Rule. Though I-89 is a north-south route, it traverses Vermont from east to west and changed the way Vermonters viewed how the state was divided. [3] [4]
The Vermont Republican Party is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Vermont. Deb Billado serves as Chairperson of the Vermont Republican State Committee.
The Green Mountains are a mountain range in the U.S. state of Vermont. The range runs primarily south to north and extends approximately 250 miles (400 km) from the border with Massachusetts to the border with Quebec, Canada. The part of the same range that is in Massachusetts and Connecticut is known as The Berkshires or the Berkshire Hills and the Quebec portion is called the Sutton Mountains, or Monts Sutton in French.
The Progressive Party was a third party in the United States formed in 1912 by former President Theodore Roosevelt after he lost the presidential nomination of the Republican Party to his former protégé, incumbent President William Howard Taft. The new party was known for taking advanced positions on progressive reforms and attracting some leading reformers. After the party's defeat in the 1912 presidential election, it went into rapid decline, disappearing by 1918. The Progressive Party was popularly nicknamed the "Bull Moose Party" since Roosevelt often said that he felt "strong as a bull moose" both before and after an assassination attempt on the campaign trail.
The Ohio Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of Ohio. Former Cincinnati councilman David A. Pepper is the Ohio Democratic Party chairman. Pepper started his term as chairman in January 2015.
Robert Theodore Stafford was an American politician from Vermont. In his lengthy political career, he served as the 71st Governor of Vermont, a United States Representative, and a U.S. Senator. A Republican, Stafford was generally considered a liberal, or "Rockefeller" Republican.
United States gubernatorial elections were held Tuesday, November 4, 2008 in 11 states and two territories. Prior to the election, eight of the total seats were held by Democrats and five by Republicans. Two governors were prohibited by term limits from seeking re-election in 2008.
Lee Earl Emerson was the 69th Governor of Vermont.
The Vermont Senate is the upper house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The senate consists of 30 members. Senate districting divides the 30 members into three single-member districts, six two-member districts, three three-member districts, and one six-member district. Each senator represents at least 20,300 citizens. Senators are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit to the number of terms that a senator may serve.
Edward Curtis Smith was an American politician from the US state of Vermont. He was a Republican. The son of Governor J. Gregory Smith, Edward C. Smith also served one term as governor of the state.
Horace French Graham was an American politician who served as the 56th Governor of the U.S. state of Vermont from 1917 to 1919.
United States gubernatorial elections were held on November 2, 2010 in 37 states and two territories. As in most midterm elections, the party controlling the White House lost ground. Democrats did take five governorships from the Republicans, and Republicans took 11 governorships from the Democrats. An independent won one governorship previously held by a Republican. A Republican won one governorship previously held by an independent. Republicans held a majority of governorships for the first time since before the 2006 elections. One state, Louisiana, had no election for governor, but did feature a special election for lieutenant governor.
The politics of Vermont encompass the acts of the elected legislative bodies of Vermont, the actions of its governors, as overseen by the Vermont courts, and the acts of the political parties that vie for elective power within the state. Vermont's constitution, which was drafted in 1777 when Vermont became an independent republic, reflects the concerns of a sovereign state; it was the first to ban slavery. Voters may choose among several parties including the Democratic and Republican political parties, as well as several smaller parties. Vermont has been a pioneer in legislation pertaining to land use, gay rights and school funding. Between 1854 and 1962, the state usually voted Republican. Thereafter, the governor's office has alternated between the Democratic and Republican parties. The legislature has been primarily Democratic since the mid-1980s. As of 2018, Vermont was the only U.S. state that had not sent a female representative to Congress.
George Whitman Hendee was a Vermont lawyer, banker, and politician who served as President of the Vermont State Senate, Lieutenant Governor, Governor, and a U.S. Representative.
Levi Knight Fuller was the 44th Governor of Vermont from 1892 to 1894.
The 2010 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 2, 2010, in the middle of Democratic President Barack Obama's first term. During this midterm election year, all 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives and 37 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate were contested, along with 39 state and territorial governorships, 46 state legislatures, four territorial legislatures and numerous state and local offices. Approximately 82.5 million people voted.
The Reunion Society of Vermont Officers was an organization of American Civil War veterans.
The President pro tempore of the Vermont State Senate presides over the Senate of the U.S. state of Vermont in the absence of the Lieutenant Governor. In addition, the Senate pro tempore President serves as a member of the Committee on Committees. The Committee on Committees, made up of the Lieutenant Governor, President of the Senate and a State Senator chosen by his or her peers, is responsible for making committee assignments and designating committee chairpersons, vice chairpersons and clerks.
The 2016 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. During this presidential election year, the President of the United States and Vice President were elected. In addition, elections were held for all 435 voting-member seats in the United States House of Representatives and 34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate to determine the 115th Congress.
The 2020 United States elections will be held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020. All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives, 34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate, and the office of President of the United States will be contested. Thirteen state and territorial governorships, as well as numerous other state and local elections, will also be contested.