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A historical event can be defined as any occurrence from the past regardless of significance, with the term "history" an umbrella term relating to past events and any associated memories, discoveries, collections, organizations, presentations, and/or interpretations of them. This differs from a historic event which is often less inclusive, and stands out as having made a significant impact on history itself. [1]
The following is a list of notable people documented as the last living individuals to have witnessed, survived or participated in significant historical events or who were the last living members of a historic group that directly contributed to such an event (e.g. Manhattan Project scientists). Excluded from this list are last living survivors of wars, speakers of languages, and others who are already recorded on pages representing more narrow categories.
Background shading indicates the individual is still living
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
Sancho de Tovar | c. 1547 (aged 75–82) | Last known witness to the Discovery of Brazil | 22 April 1500 |
Mary Allerton | 28 November 1699 (aged 83) | Last passenger of the Mayflower | 11 November 1620 |
John Alden | 12 September 1687 (aged 88) | Last signer of the Mayflower Compact | |
Peregrine White | 20 July 1704 (aged 83) | Last participant at the First Thanksgiving | 11 November 1621 |
Last surviving Pilgrim Father | 30 November 1621 | ||
William Hubbard | 24 September 1704 (aged 82–83) | Last member of Harvard's inaugural graduating class | 3 October 1642 [2] [a] |
Gaspar de Bracamonte, 3rd Count of Peñaranda | 14 December 1676 (aged ~81) | Last known diplomat at the Peace of Westphalia | 24 October 1648 |
Edmund Ludlow | c.1692 (aged ~75) | Last regicide of Charles I of England | 30 January 1649 |
Sir Christopher Wren | 8 March 1723 (aged 90) | Last founder of the Royal Society | 28 November 1660 |
Samuel Sewall | 1 January 1730 (aged 77) | Last court official in the Salem Witch Trials | May 1693 |
Thomas Aikenhead [3] | 8 January 1697 (aged 20) | Last Briton executed for blasphemy | 8 January 1697 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
George Robert Twelves Hewes | 5 November 1840 (aged 98) | Last survivor of the Boston Massacre | 5 March 1770 |
Last participant of the Boston Tea party | 16 December 1773 | ||
Isaac Smith | 2 July 1831 (aged 78–79) | Last participant of James Cook's first voyage | 12 July 1771 |
John Jay | 17 May 1829 (aged 83) | Last signer of the Continental Association | 20 October 1774 |
Last signer of the Treaty of Paris | 3 September 1783 | ||
Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet [4] | 8 April 1820 (aged 82) | Last royal governor of any of the British Thirteen Colonies (New Hampshire) | 13 June 1775 |
John Hatley | 12 December 1832 (aged 69–70) | Last participant of James Cook's second voyage | 30 July 1775 |
Charles Carroll | 14 November 1832 (aged 95) | Last signer of the United States Declaration of Independence | 4 July 1776 |
William Ellery | 15 February 1820 (aged 92) | Last signer of the Articles of Confederation | 1 March 1781 |
James Madison | 28 June 1836 (aged 85) | Last signer of The United States Constitution | 17 September 1787 |
Barthélemy de Lesseps [5] | 4 June 1834 (aged 68) | Last participant of the scientific expedition led by Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse | 1788 |
Elizabeth Thackery | 7 August 1856 (aged 88–89) | Last survivor of the First Fleet | 20 January 1788 |
John Armstrong Jr. | 1 April 1843 (aged 84) | Last delegate to the Continental Congress | 2 March 1789 |
John Adams | 5 March 1829 (aged 61) | Last mutineer of HMS Bounty | 28 April 1789 |
Arthur Dardenne [6] | 8 September 1872 (aged 95–96) | Last participant of the Storming of the Bastille | 14 July 1789 |
Paine Wingate | 7 March 1838 (aged 98) | Last member of the first United States Congress | 3 March 1791 |
Antoine Claire Thibaudeau | 8 March 1854 (aged 88) | Last member of the National Convention during the French Revolution to vote in the trial of Louis XVI | 15 January 1793 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
Joseph Gardner Swift | 2 July 1865 (aged 91) | Last survivor of the first graduating class at the United States Military Academy [7] | 12 October 1802 |
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès | 20 June 1836 (aged 88) | Last member of the French Consulate | 18 May 1804 |
Patrick Gass | 2 April 1870 (aged 98) | Last member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition | 23 September 1806 |
Henry Goulburn | 12 January 1856 (aged 71) | Last signer of the Treaty of Ghent | 24 December 1814 |
André Marie Jean Jacques Dupin | 8 November 1865 (aged 82) [b] | Last delegate to the Congress of Vienna | 9 June 1815 |
Seth Weeks | 12 September 1887 (aged 84) | Last survivor of the sinking of the whaleship Essex | 20 November 1820 |
Dmitry Zavalishin | 17 February 1892 (aged 87) | Last member of the Decembrist movement | 14 December 1825 |
David Whitmer | 25 January 1888 (aged 83) | Last of the Three Witnesses | 28 June 1829 |
Ramón Castilla y Marquesado | 30 May 1867 (aged 69) | Last of the Libertadores | 29 September 1833 |
Laureano Tacuavé Martínez | c. 1850 (aged c. 41) | Last charrúa exhibited to the public as a circus attraction | 11 November 1833 |
Alijo Perez Jr. | 19 October 1918 (aged 83) | Last civilian Survivor of the Battle of the Alamo | 6 March 1836 |
Jean-Paul, comte de Schramm | 25 February 1884 (aged 94) | Last of the 660 persons whose names are inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe | 29 July 1836 |
Thomas Patrickson [8] | 15 October 1914 (aged 85–86) | Last participant of the Second voyage of HMS Beagle | 2 October 1836 |
Rebecca Tickaneesky Neugin [9] [10] | 15 July 1932 (aged 97–98) | Last Cherokee survivor of the Trail of Tears | 1839 |
Milvern Harrell [11] [12] | 10 August 1910 (aged 86) | Last Texian survivor of the Dawson Massacre | 17 September 1842 |
Joseph Dalton Hooker [13] | 10 December 1911 (aged 94) | Last participant of the Ross expedition | 4 September 1843 |
Margaret Isabella Breen McMahon [14] | 25 March 1935 (aged 89) | Last survivor of the Donner Party | 29 April 1847 |
James Stephens Brown [15] [16] | 25 March 1902 (aged 73) | Last witness to the discovery of Gold at Sutter's Mill | 28 January 1848 |
Charlotte L. Woodward Peirce [17] [18] | 15 March 1924 (aged 94) | Last participant in the Seneca Falls Convention | 20 July 1848 |
Last signer of the Declaration of Sentiments |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
Owen Brown [19] [20] | 8 January 1889 (aged 64) | Last abolitionist present at John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry | 18 October 1859 |
Lyman Epps, Jr. | 21 November 1942 (aged 102) | Last witness of the funeral and burial of John Brown | 8 December 1859 |
Matilda McCrear | January 1940 (aged c. 83) | Last human cargo of the slave ship Clotilda | 9 July 1860 |
Georg Hermann Quincke [21] | 13 January 1924 (aged 89) | Last known attendee of the Karlsruhe Congress | 5 September 1860 |
Josiah Abigail Patterson Campbell | 10 January 1917 (aged 86) | Last signer of the Constitution of the Confederate States | 11 March 1861 |
Francis Humphreys Storer [22] | 30 July 1914 (aged 82) | Last member of the Committee of Twenty that signed the Charter of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology | 10 April 1861 |
John Surratt [23] | 21 April 1916 (aged 72) | Last participant in the conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln | 14 April 1865 |
Samuel J. Seymour [24] | 12 April 1956 (aged 96) | Last witness to the assassination of Abraham Lincoln | |
John Henninger Reagan | 6 March 1905 (aged 86) | Last cabinet member of the Confederate States of America | 10 May 1865 |
Peter Mills | 22 September 1972 (aged 110) | Last known surviving American who was born into legal slavery | 18 December 1865 |
Samuel Speed [25] [26] [27] | 8 November 1938 (aged 95) | Last surviving British convict sent to Australia | 4 July 1866 |
Agustín de Iturbide y Green | 3 March 1925 (aged 61) | Last member of the Imperial Court of the Second Mexican Empire | 19 June 1867 |
Charles Tupper | 30 October 1915 (aged 94) | Last Canadian Father of Confederation | 1 July 1867 |
Mary Field Garner [28] [29] | 20 July 1943 (aged 107) | Last known Mormon Pioneer and acquaintance of Joseph Smith | 1868 |
Andreas Kieber | 19 April 1939 (aged 94) [30] | Last surviving member of the Liechtenstein military | 12 February 1868 |
Cornelius Cole | 3 November 1924 (aged 102) | Last United States Senator who participated in the impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson | 26 May 1868 |
George H. Large | 15 August 1939 (aged 88) | Last participant of the first American football game | 6 November 1869 |
Sophia Jex-Blake | 7 January 1912 (aged 71) | Last of the Edinburgh Seven | 27 June 1873 |
Charles Edward Munroe [31] | 7 December 1938 (aged 89) | Last charter member of the American Chemical Society | 6 April 1876 |
James Wilson | 6 November 1921 (aged 85) | Last Fenian prisoner who escaped the British penal colony of Western Australia on the Catalpa | 19 April 1876 |
Tom Garrett | 6 August 1943 (aged 85) | Last player from the first official cricket test match | 19 March 1877 |
Ann Eliza Young | 7 December 1917 (aged 73) | Last wife of Brigham Young | 29 August 1877 |
Nikolai Morozov | 30 July 1946 (aged 92) | Last person involved in the Assassination of Alexander II | 13 March 1881 |
James Robert Cummins | 9 July 1929 (aged 82) | Last member of the James-Younger Gang | 7 September 1881 |
Wyatt Earp | 13 January 1929 (aged 80) | Last participant of the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral | 26 October 1881 |
Alphonse Chodron de Courcel | 17 August 1919 (aged 84) | Last participant of the Berlin Conference | 26 February 1885 |
José Vianna da Motta [32] | 1 June 1948 (aged 80) | Last pupil of Franz Liszt | 31 July 1886 |
James Stockley [33] | 5 March 1954 (aged 91) | Last policeman to work on the Jack the Ripper case | 1888 |
Robert Muldrow | 28 July 1950 (aged 86) | Last founder of the National Geographic Society | 13 January 1888 |
Armand Hippolyte Louis Fizeau | 18 September 1896 (aged 76) | Last of the 72 people whose names are inscribed on the Eiffel Tower | 31 March 1889 |
Louisa Motley (née Yellow Shield) [34] | 1 May 1979 (aged 95) | Last survivor of the Wounded Knee Massacre | 29 December 1890 |
Borges de Medeiros | 25 April 1961 (aged 97) | Last known signatory of the Brazilian Constitution of 1891 | 24 February 1891 |
Ernest Gotthold Hildner [35] [36] | 1 July 1968 (aged 94) | Last participant of the first basketball game ever played | 21 December 1891 |
Henry Churchill King | 27 February 1934 (aged 75) | Last member of the Committee of Ten | 30 December 1892 |
Alfred Hennen Morris [37] | 9 July 1959 (aged 95) | Last founder of the Jockey Club | 9 February 1894 |
George H. Warren [38] | 8 November 1933 (aged 81) | Last charter member of the Society of Mayflower Descendants | 12 January 1897 |
Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo | 4 November 1963 (aged 91) | Last founder of the Brazilian Academy of Letters | 20 July 1897 |
George Fox [39] | 27 December 1964 (aged 86) | Last survivor of the sinking of the USS Maine | 15 February 1898 |
Alexander Vannovskiy | 16 September 1967 (aged 93) | Last participant of the 1st Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party | 15 March 1898 |
Wenceslao Ramírez de Villa-Urrutia | 10 April 1933 (aged 83) | Last signer of the 1898 Treaty of Paris | 10 December 1898 |
Jules Cambon | 19 September 1935 (aged 90) | Last delegate to the 1898 Treaty of Paris | |
Jacob Gould Schurman | 12 August 1942 (aged 88) | Last member of the Schurman Commission | 29 January 1899 |
Bernard Moses | 3 March 1930 (aged 83) | Last (original) member of the Taft Commission | 16 March 1900 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn [40] | 3 January 1913 (aged 74) | Last Groom of the Stool | 22 January 1901 |
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen | 10 February 1923 (aged 77) | Last laureate of the first Nobel Prize ceremony | 10 December 1901 |
Roscinda Nolasquez [41] | 4 February 1987 (aged 94) | Last speaker of Cupeño and last survivor of the removal of the Cupeño to Pala, California, the final of the Federal Indian Removals | 13 May 1903 |
Gleb Krzhizhanovsky | 31 March 1959 (aged 87) | Last member of the 1st Central Committee of Russian Social Democratic Labour Party | 23 August 1903 |
Johnny Moore [42] [43] | 28 February 1952 (aged 66) | Last witness of the Wright Brothers' first heavier than air flight | 17 December 1903 |
Adella Wotherspoon | 26 January 2004 (aged 100) | Last and youngest survivor of the General Slocum disaster | 15 June 1904 |
Michael Barne | 31 May 1961 (aged 83) | Last participant of the Discovery Expedition | 10 September 1904 |
James Rudolph Garfield | 24 March 1950 (aged 84) | Last member of the Keep Commission | 1905 |
William Del Monte [44] | 11 January 2016 (aged 109) | Last known survivor of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake | 18 April 1906 |
Mangnellai Daeng Maro [45] | 1978 (aged 80–81) | Last known Makassan traveler to make contact with Australia | 1907 (End of Makassan contact with Australia) |
Louis Maurer [46] | 19 July 1932 (aged 100) | Last Currier and Ives staff member | 1907 |
Brian Evans-Lombe [47] | 31 January 1994 (aged 100) | Last participant of the Brownsea Island Scout camp, the founding event of the Scout movement | 8 August 1907 |
Donald Baxter MacMillan [48] | 7 September 1970 (aged 95) | Last member of Robert Peary's final expedition towards the North Pole | 6 April 1909 |
Mary Jo Estep | 19 December 1992 (aged 82–83) | Last survivor of the Battle of Kelley Creek | 25 February 1911 |
Rose Freedman [49] | 15 February 2001 (aged 107) | Last survivor of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire | 25 March 1911 |
Ishi | 25 March 1916 (aged 55) | Last known member of the Native American Yahi people, the last uncontacted peoples of the United States | 29 August 1911 |
Georges Hostelet | 4 November 1960 (aged 85) | Last attendee of the First Solvay Conference | 3 November 1911 |
Sid Daniels | 25 May 1983 (aged 89) | Last crew member of the RMS Titanic | 15 April 1912 |
Millvina Dean | 31 May 2009 (aged 97) | Last and youngest survivor of the sinking of RMS Titanic | |
Dhimitër Beratti | 8 September 1970 (aged 83) | Last signer of the Albanian Declaration of Independence | 28 November 1912 |
Alessandro Moreschi | 21 April 1922 (aged 63) | Last castrato | 1913 |
Grace Hanagan (Martyn) [50] [51] | 15 May 1995 (aged 87) | Last survivor of the sinking of the RMS Empress of Ireland | 29 May 1914 |
Vaso Čubrilović | 11 June 1990 (aged 93) | Last participant in the conspiracy to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand | 28 June 1914 |
Alexander Bernard Heron [52] | 24 January 2000 (aged 105) | Last worker involved in the construction of the Panama Canal | 15 August 1914 |
James Van Fleet [53] | 23 September 1992 (aged 100) | Last surviving member of The class the stars fell on to have reached the rank of general | 3 May 1915 |
Audrey Warren Lawson-Johnston (née Pearl) [54] [55] | 11 January 2011 (aged 95) | Last survivor of the sinking of the RMS Lusitania | 7 May 1915 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
George D. Grundy Jr. [56] | 19 May 1998 (aged 99) | Last member of the Early Birds of Aviation | 17 December 1916 |
Stanislas Lazovert | 25 August 1976 (aged 89) | Last participant of the assassination of Grigori Rasputin | 30 December 1916 |
Sun Yaoting | 17 December 1996 (aged 94) | Last surviving imperial Chinese eunuch | 1917 |
Vsevolod Shakhovskoy | 17 August 1954 (aged 79) | Last Minister of the Russian Empire | 15 March 1917 |
Vasily Shulgin | 15 February 1976 (aged 98) | Last participant of the Abdication of Nicholas II | |
Last Deputy of the Russian Imperial Duma | 6 October 1917 | ||
Mikhail Goberman [57] | 1986 (aged 93–94) | Last person to travel with Vladimir Lenin to Finland Station | 16 April 1917 |
Richard W. Richards | 8 May 1985 (aged 91) | Last member of the British Trans-Antarctic Expedition | 29 May 1917 |
Herbert Bayard Swope [58] | 20 June 1958 (aged 76) | Last recipient of the 1st Pulitzer Prizes | 4 June 1917 |
Lúcia Santos | 13 February 2005 (aged 97) | Last of the three children who claimed to have spoken to Our Lady of Fátima | 13 October 1917 |
Boris Gudz [59] | 27 December 2006 (aged 104) | Last participant of the October Revolution | 7 November 1917 |
Vyacheslav Molotov | 8 November 1986 (aged 96) | Last member of the Petrograd Soviet and Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee during the Russian Revolution | |
Alexander Kerensky | 11 June 1970 (aged 89) | Last member of the Russian Provisional Government during the Russian Revolution | |
Lazar Kaganovich | 25 July 1991 (aged 97) | Last Old Bolshevik to participate in the October Revolution | |
Last deputy of the Russian Constituent Assembly | 18 January 1918 | ||
Aleksandras Stulginskis | 22 September 1969 (aged 84) | Last signer of the Act of Independence of Lithuania | 16 February 1918 |
Henry Allingham | 18 July 2009 (aged 113) | Last member of the RNAS and last founding member of the Royal Air Force | 1 April 1918 |
Mykhailo Hrushevsky | 24 November 1934 (aged 68) | Last President of the Central Rada of the Ukrainian People's Republic | 29 April 1918 |
Şəfi bəy Rüstəmbəyli | 20 December 1960 (aged 67) | Last signer of the Declaration of Independence of Azerbaijan | 28 May 1918 |
Alexey Kabanov [60] | 1972 (aged 81) | Last surviving participant in the execution of the Romanov family | 17 July 1918 |
Ernst Jünger | 17 February 1998 (aged 102) | Last wearer of the military Pour le Mérite | 9 November 1918 |
Pavlo Skoropadskyi | 26 April 1945 (aged 71) | Last Hetman of the Ukrainian State | 14 December 1918 |
Raul Fernandes [61] [62] | 6 January 1968 (aged 90) | Last signer of the Treaty of Versailles | 28 June 1919 |
Vittorio Emanuele Orlando | 1 December 1952 (aged 92) | Last Big Four leader | |
Swede Risberg | 13 October 1975 (aged 81) | Last player involved in the Black Sox Scandal | 9 October 1919 |
José Ameal Peña [63] [64] | 12 May 2020 (aged 105) | Last survivor of the 1918 flu pandemic in Spain | April 1920 |
Peter Casserly | 24 June 2005 (aged 107) | Last member of the First Australian Imperial Force | 1 April 1921 |
Liu Renjing | 5 August 1987 (aged 85) | Last participant of the 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party | 2 August 1921 |
Dürrüşehvar Sultan | 7 February 2006 (aged 92) | Last member of the Imperial Ottoman Court | 1 November 1922 |
Hugh O'Neill, 1st Baron Rathcavan | 28 November 1982 (aged 99) | Last Privy Counsellor of Ireland | 5 December 1922 |
Lady Evelyn Beauchamp | 31 January 1980 (aged 79) | Last witness of the opening of Tutankhamun's tomb | 16 February 1923 |
Emil Klein [65] | 22 February 2010 (aged 104) | Last participant of Adolf Hitler's unsuccessful Beer Hall Putsch | 9 November 1923 |
Edgar Nollner [66] [67] | 15 January 1999 (aged 94) | Last musher of the 1925 serum run to Nome | 2 February 1925 |
Thomas J. Brewer [68] | 16 August 2003 (aged 82–83) | Last participant in the Scopes Trial | 21 July 1925 |
Irene Dunham [69] | 1 May 2022 (aged 114) | Last survivor of the Bath School disaster | 18 May 1927 |
Louis de Broglie | 19 March 1987 (aged 94) | Last attendee of the Fifth Solvay Conference | 29 October 1927 |
Mabel M. Williams [70] | 23 July 2015 (aged 104) | Last known Radium Girl | 1928 |
Barbara Kent [71] | 13 October 2011 (aged 103) | Last adult silent film actor/actress | 1929 |
Garry Watson | Living (age 96) | Last living silent film actor/actress | |
Bobbi Trout | 24 January 2003 (aged 97) | Last participant of the Women's Air Derby | 27 August 1929 |
Irene Parlby | 12 July 1965 (aged 97) | Last of The Famous Five (Canada) | 18 October 1929 |
Rachel Johnson [72] | 7 April 2016 (aged 93) | Last St. Kildan | 29 August 1930 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
Doris Eaton Travis | 11 May 2010 (aged 106) | Last Ziegfeld girl | 1931 |
Alf Howard [73] [74] | 4 July 2010 (aged 104) | Last member of the BANZARE expedition to Antarctica | 19 March 1931 |
Josef Felder | 28 October 2000 (aged 100) | Last Reichstag member to vote against the Nazi Enabling Act of 1933 | 23 March 1933 |
Jennings Randolph | 8 May 1998 (aged 96) | Last member of the United States Congress to vote during the First 100 Days | 11 June 1933 |
Lyle Talbot | 2 March 1996 (aged 94) | Last founding member of the Screen Actors Guild | 12 July 1933 |
Karina Vasilieva [75] | Living (age 91) | Last survivor of the SS Chelyuskin disaster | 13 April 1934 |
Evgeniy Silov [76] [77] | 15 August 2015 (aged 103) | Last participant of the SS Chelyuskin Rescue Operation | |
Anatoly Lyapidevsky | 29 April 1983 (aged 75) | Last member of the inaugural Heroes of the Soviet Union group | 23 April 1934 |
Edd L. Miller [78] | 18 September 2000 (aged 87) | Last witness to the shooting of Bonnie and Clyde | 23 May 1934 |
Thomas J. Conner [79] | 14 April 1997 (aged 90–91) | Last member of the FBI team that killed John Dillinger | 22 July 1934 |
Bill Eiserman [80] | Living (age 95–96) | Last witness to the Battle of Barrington | 27 November 1934 |
Julian Edwin Bailes Sr. | 1 February 2010 (aged 95) | Last witness to the assassination of Huey Long | 8 September 1935 |
Iris Cummings | Living (age 103) | Last participant of the 1936 Summer Olympics | 16 August 1936 |
James Clark McReynolds | 24 August 1946 (aged 84) | Last of the Four Horsemen (Supreme Court) | 1937 |
Harlan F. Stone | 22 April 1946 (aged 73) | Last of the Three Musketeers (Supreme Court) | |
Morton Minsky [81] | 23 March 1987 (aged 85) | Last founder of Minsky's Burlesque | April 1937 |
Werner Franz [82] | 13 August 2014 (aged 92) | Last crew member to survive the Hindenburg disaster | 6 May 1937 |
Werner Doehner [83] | 8 November 2019 (aged 90) | Last passenger to survive the Hindenburg disaster | |
David Ogilvy, 13th Earl of Airlie [84] | 26 June 2023 (aged 97) | Last surviving major participant at the Coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth | 12 May 1937 |
Walter Walsh | 29 April 2014 (aged 106) | Last member of the FBI teams that captured Arthur Barker and killed Al Brady | 12 October 1937 |
John F. Druze [85] | 27 December 2005 (aged 91) | Last of the Seven Blocks of Granite | 27 November 1937 |
Fon Huffman | 4 September 2008 (aged 95) | Last survivor of the USS Panay incident | 12 December 1937 |
Kazimierz Świtalski | 28 December 1962 (aged 76) | Last Prime Minister of the Second Polish Republic | 30 September 1939 |
Joseph Solman [86] | 16 April 2008 (aged 99) | Last of The Ten Whitney Dissenters | 4 November 1939 |
Emilio Ochoa | 27 June 2007 (aged 99) | Last signer of the 1940 Constitution of Cuba | 1 July 1940 |
Robert R. Johnson [87] | 9 April 2023 [88] (aged 102) | Last survivor of the United States Antarctic Service Expedition | 22 March 1941 |
Mikhail Petrovich Sidko | Living (age 87–88) | Last living survivor of the Babi Yar Massacre | 30 September 1941 |
Donald "Nick" Clifford [89] [90] | 23 November 2019 (aged 98) | Last worker who participated in the construction of Mount Rushmore | 31 October 1941 |
Joseph T. McNarney | 1 February 1972 (aged 78) | Last member of the Roberts Commission | December 1941 |
Edwin Arthur Hall | 18 October 2004 (aged 95) | Last member of the United States Congress to vote on the United States declaration of war on Japan | 8 December 1941 |
Gerhard Klopfer | 29 January 1987 (aged 81) | Last attendant of the Wannsee Conference | 20 January 1942 |
David Stoliar | 1 May 2014 (aged 91) | Last survivor of the Struma disaster | 24 February 1942 |
Jarmila Doležalová [91] | Living (age 85) | Last survivor of the Ležáky massacre | 24 June 1942 |
Rudolf Brazda [92] | 3 August 2011 (aged 98) | Last concentration camp survivor deported by Nazi Germany on charges of homosexuality | 8 August 1942 |
Ray Anthony [93] [94] | Living (age 102) | Last member of the Glenn Miller Orchestra | September 1942 |
Robert L. Shumway [95] [96] | Living (age 100) | Last known survivor of the Cocoanut Grove fire | 28 November 1942 |
Albert Wattenburg | 27 June 2007 (aged 90) | Last of the physicists present at the first controlled nuclear reaction | 2 December 1942 |
Bill Sparks | 1 December 2002 (aged 80) | Last member of the Cockleshell Heroes | 12 December 1942 |
Traute Lafrenz [97] | 6 March 2023 (aged 103) | Last member of the White Rose | 18 February 1943 |
Viktor Zhelobkovich [98] | 24 May 2020 (aged 86) | Last survivor of the Khatyn massacre | 22 March 1943 |
Ruth Slenczynska [99] | Living (age 99) | Last pupil of Sergei Rachmaninoff | 28 March 1943 |
Marek Edelman | 2 October 2009 (aged 86–87) | Last leader of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | 16 May 1943 |
Aliza Melamed Vitis-Shomron [100] | Living (age 95–96) | Last participant of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | |
Samuel Willenberg | 19 February 2016 (aged 93) | Last participant in the revolt at the Treblinka extermination camp | 2 August 1943 |
Mostyn "Moss" Berryman [101] | 6 August 2020 (aged 96) | Last surviving member of Operation Jaywick | 26 September 1943 |
Simjon Rosenfeld [102] | 3 June 2019 (aged 96) | Last survivor of the Sobibor uprising | 14 October 1943 |
Emanuele Di Porto [103] | Living (age 93–94) | Last survivor of the Raid of the Ghetto of Rome | 16 October 1943 |
Winston Churchill | 24 January 1965 (aged 90) | Last participant of the Tehran Conference | 1 December 1943 |
Last participant of the Yalta Conference | 2 February 1945 | ||
Jennifer Jones | 17 December 2009 (aged 90) | Last award winner of the 1st Golden Globe Awards | 20 January 1944 |
Robert Hébras | 11 February 2023 (aged 97) | Last survivor of the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre | 10 June 1944 |
Otto Günsche | 2 October 2003 (aged 86) | Last survivor of the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler | 20 July 1944 |
Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin | 8 March 2013 (aged 90) | Last participant of the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler | |
Kurt Salterberg [104] | 27 November 2023 (aged 100) | Last witness to the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler | |
Edward Osóbka-Morawski | 9 January 1997 (aged 87) | Last signer of the PKWN Manifesto | 22 July 1944 |
Miep Gies | 11 January 2010 (aged 100) | Last member of the group which hid Anne Frank in the Secret Annex | 4 August 1944 |
Teruo Murakami [105] [106] | 14 September 2023 (aged 103) [107] | Last participant of the Cowra breakout | 5 August 1944 |
Dario Gabbai | 25 March 2020 (aged 97) | Last member of the Sonderkommando | 18 January 1945 |
Ivan Martynushkin | Living (age 100) | Last liberator of Auschwitz | 27 January 1945 |
Eddie Slovik [108] | 31 January 1945 (aged 24) | Last US soldier executed for desertion | 31 January 1945 |
Traudl Junge [109] | 10 February 2002 (aged 81) | Last witness to the death of Adolf Hitler | 30 April 1945 |
Rochus Misch [110] | 5 September 2013 (aged 96) | Last of Adolf Hitler's bodyguards | |
Last occupant of the Führerbunker | 2 May 1945 | ||
Luciano "Louis" C. Graziano [111] [112] | Living (age 101) | Last witness to the German Surrender Ceremony | 8 May 1945 |
Rudolf Hess | 17 August 1987 (aged 93) | Last cabinet member of the Third Reich | |
Harold Stassen | 4 March 2001 (aged 93) | Last signer of the United Nations Charter | 26 June 1945 |
Harold Bray | Living (age 97) | Last surviving crew member of the USS Indianapolis | 30 July 1945 |
Harry S. Truman | 26 December 1972 (aged 88) | Last participant of the Potsdam Conference | 2 August 1945 |
Arsilan [113] | Living (age 100–101) | Last participant in the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence | 17 August 1945 |
Robert Kenneth Kaufman [114] | 10 February 2019 (aged 99) | Last American officer present at the Surrender of Japan on board the USS Missouri | 2 September 1945 (End of World War II) |
Bruce Fraser, 1st Baron Fraser of North Cape | 12 February 1981 (aged 93) | Last signer of the Japanese Instrument of Surrender |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
Hubert Germain | 12 October 2021 (aged 101) | Last Compagnon de la Libération | 23 January 1946 |
Simeon II [115] | Living (age 87) | Last Tsar of the Kingdom of Bulgaria, and the last leader to reign with the title of tsar [116] | 15 September 1946 |
Ben Ferencz | 7 April 2023 (aged 103) | Last prosecutor during the Nuremberg Trials | 1 October 1946 |
Rudolf Hess | 17 August 1987 (aged 93) | Last defendant at the Nuremberg Trials | |
Ossie Schectman | 30 July 2013 (aged 94) | Last participant of the Inaugural NBA Game | 1 November 1946 |
Charles Luckman | 26 January 1999 (aged 89) | Last member of the President's Committee on Civil Rights | 5 December 1946 |
Last member of the Fahy Committee | 26 July 1948 | ||
Brajraj Mahapatra | 30 November 2015 (aged 94) | Last royal to sign the merger agreement with the Indian state | 1947 |
Maharaja Tej Singh Prabhakar | 15 February 2009 (aged 97) | Last recipient of the Order of the Star of India | |
Mayurdwajsinhji Meghrajji III | 1 August 2010 (aged 87) | Last recipient of the Order of the Indian Empire | |
Knut Haugland | 25 December 2009 (aged 92) | Last crew member on the Kon-Tiki expedition | 7 August 1947 |
Kenneth C. Royall | 25 May 1971 (aged 76) | Last United States Secretary of War | 18 September 1947 |
Marsha Hunt [117] | 7 September 2022 (aged 104) | Last member of the Committee for the First Amendment | 2 November 1947 |
Last person accused in the Red Channels list | 22 June 1950 | ||
Ring Lardner Jr. [118] | 31 October 2000 (aged 85) | Last member of the Hollywood Ten | 25 November 1947 |
Gopal Godse | 26 November 2005 (aged 86) | Last conspirator involved in the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi | 30 January 1948 |
Emilio Colombo [119] | 24 June 2013 (aged 93) | Last member of the Constituent Assembly of Italy | 31 January 1948 |
Richard Nixon | 22 April 1994 (aged 81) | Last member of the Herter Committee | 1 May 1948 |
Arieh Handler | 20 May 2011 (aged 95) | Last witness to the signing of the Israeli Declaration of Independence | 14 May 1948 |
Teiichi Suzuki | 15 July 1989 (aged 100) | Last defendant at the Tokyo Trials | 12 November 1948 |
Hernán Santa Cruz | 1999 (aged 92–93) | Last member of the Drafting Committee of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights | 10 December 1948 |
Rexford Tugwell | 21 July 1979 (aged 88) | Last surviving United States-appointed Governor of Puerto Rico | 2 January 1949 |
Martin Sandberger | 30 March 2010 (aged 98) | Last defendant at the Subsequent Nuremberg trials | 13 April 1949 |
Hannsheinz Bauer [120] | 18 June 2005 (aged 96) | Last member of the Parlamentarischer Rat | 23 May 1949 |
Caren Marsh Doll | Living (age 105) | Last survivor of the crash of Standard Air Lines Flight 897R | 12 July 1949 |
Charles L. Greenlee | 18 April 2012 (aged 78) | Last of the Groveland Four | 16 July 1949 |
Isaak Khalatnikov [121] | 9 January 2021 (aged 101) | Last physicist involved in the Soviet atomic bomb project | 29 August 1949 |
Gonzalo Facio Segreda [122] | 24 January 2018 (aged 99) | Last member of the Founding Junta of the Second Republic | 8 November 1949 |
Tony Lovink | 27 March 1995 (aged 92) | Last Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies | 27 December 1949 |
Louis Cheslock [123] [124] | 19 June 1981 (aged 82) | Last member of H.L. Mencken's Saturday Night Club | 1950 |
Andor Lilienthal | 5 August 2010 (aged 99) | Last of the original FIDE chess grandmasters | |
John Cairncross | 8 October 1995 (aged 82) | Last of the Cambridge Five | 1950s |
T. M. Kaliannan [125] [126] | 28 May 2021 (aged 100) | Last member of the Constituent Assembly of India | 25 January 1950 |
Ludmila Brožová-Polednová [127] | 15 January 2015 (aged 93) | Last participant in Milada Horáková's trial | 8 June 1950 |
Omar Bradley | 8 April 1981 (aged 88) | Last General of the Army and last American to hold a Five-star rank | 22 September 1950 |
Vincent Mroz [128] | 22 July 2008 (aged 86) | Last person involved in the shootout during the attempted assassination of Harry S. Truman | 1 November 1950 |
Ian Hamilton | 4 October 2022 (aged 97) | Last participant in the removal of the Stone of Scone from Westminster Abbey | 25 December 1950 |
Morton Sobell | 26 December 2018 (aged 101) | Last defendant in the Rosenberg spy trial | 5 April 1951 |
Reginald Kray | 1 October 2000 (aged 66) | Last prisoner at the Tower of London | March 1952 |
Moon Fun Chin [129] | 9 May 2023 (aged 110) | Last CNAC pilot | May 1952 |
Luis Muñoz Rivera | 30 September 2006 (aged 90) | Last delegate to Puerto Rico's Constitutional Convention | 25 July 1952 |
Del Crandall [130] | 5 May 2021 (aged 91) | Last surviving member of the Boston Braves | 21 September 1952 |
Nikolai Baibakov | 31 March 2008 (aged 97) | Last Soviet government minister who served during the Stalin Era | 5 March 1953 |
Nuritdin Mukhitdinov | 27 August 2008 (aged 90) | Last member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the Stalin Era | |
Kanchha Sherpa [131] | Living (age 91–92) | Last member of the 1953 British Everest Expedition | 29 May 1953 |
Clark Kerr | 1 December 2003 (aged 92) | Last member of the Kestnbaum Commission | 10 June 1953 |
William Kelly Harrison, Jr. | 29 May 1987 (aged 91) | Last signer of the Korean Armistice Agreement | 27 July 1953 |
Jackie Sewell | 26 September 2016 (aged 89) | Last player in the Match of the Century | 25 November 1953 |
Kenneth A. Roberts | 9 May 1989 (aged 76) | Last wounded congressman in the 1954 United States Capitol shooting incident | 1 March 1954 |
Rafael Cancel Miranda | 2 March 2020 (aged 89) | Last perpetrator in the 1954 United States Capitol shooting incident | |
Morton Prince [132] [133] [134] [135] [136] | late 2022 (aged 98) | Last inventor of Bell Labs' first solar cell | 25 April 1954 |
Zelma Henderson | 20 May 2008 (aged 88) | Last plaintiff in the Brown v. Board of Education case | 17 May 1954 |
David Rockefeller | 20 March 2017 (aged 101) | Last participant of the first Bilderberg Conference | 31 May 1954 |
Bobby Shantz | Living (age 99) | Last surviving member of the Philadelphia A's | 26 September 1954 |
Richard Harding Poff | 27 June 2011 (aged 87) | Last signer of the Southern Manifesto | 12 March 1956 |
Albert Woolson [137] | 2 August 1956 (aged 106) | Last member of the Grand Army of the Republic | 2 August 1956 |
Jerry Lee Lewis | 28 October 2022 (aged 87) | Last member of the Million Dollar Quartet | 4 December 1956 |
Maurice Faure [138] | 6 March 2014 (aged 92) | Last signer of the Treaty of Rome | 25 March 1957 |
Gordon Moore | 24 March 2023 (aged 94) | Last member of the Traitorous eight who founded Silicon Valley | 18 September 1957 |
Bobby Charlton | 21 October 2023 (aged 86) | Last Manchester United F.C. player to survive the Munich air disaster | 6 February 1958 |
Neil Armstrong | 25 August 2012 (aged 82) | Last astronaut candidate selected for Man in Space Soonest | 25 June 1958 |
Oscar Holderer [139] | 5 May 2015 (aged 95) | Last surviving engineer of Wernher von Braun's German rocket team | 1959 |
Dorothea Schlidt [140] | 10 May 2021 (aged 100) | Last surviving member of Wernher von Braun's German rocket team | |
George Mikan | 1 June 2005 (aged 80) | Last surviving individual member of the inaugural induction class of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame [c] | |
Yuri Yudin | 27 April 2013 (aged 75) | Last (and only) survivor of the Dyatlov Pass incident | 2 February 1959 |
Barron Hilton | 19 September 2019 (aged 91) | Last member of the Foolish Club, the 8 original franchise owners of American Football League teams | 14 August 1959 |
Boris Volynov | Living (age 89) | Last living member of the First Squad of Soviet Cosmonauts | 7 March 1960 |
Kurt Diemberger | Living (age 92) | Last person to make the first ascents on two mountains over 8,000 metres | 25 May 1960 |
Sander Vanocur | 16 September 2019 (aged 91) | Last on-screen participant in the first Kennedy-Nixon presidential debate | 26 September 1960 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
C. R. Swart | 16 July 1982 (aged 87) | Last Governor-General of South Africa | 30 April 1961 |
Antonio Imbert Barrera [141] | 31 May 2016 (aged 95) | Last participant in the assassination of Rafael Trujillo | 30 May 1961 |
Dorothy Height | 20 April 2010 (aged 98) | Last member of the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women | 14 December 1961 |
Millito Navarro [142] | 30 April 2011 (aged 105) | Last surviving player of the Negro American League | 26 August 1962 [143] |
Ted Sorensen | 31 October 2010 (aged 82) | Last member of EXCOMM during the Cuban Missile Crisis | 28 October 1962 |
Ken Weller [144] | 25 January 2021 (aged 85) | Last member of the Spies for Peace | April 1963 [145] |
John Glenn | 8 December 2016 (aged 95) | Last astronaut who flew in Project Mercury | 16 May 1963 |
Valentina Tereshkova | Living (age 87) | Last cosmonaut who flew in a Vostok mission | 19 June 1963 |
Bob Welch | 2 November 2023 (aged 94) | Last known participant in the Great Train Robbery [146] | 8 August 1963 |
John Lewis | 17 July 2020 (aged 80) | Last speaker at the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and last member of the Big Six | 28 August 1963 |
Thomas Edwin Blanton Jr. | 26 June 2020 (aged 82) | Last perpetrator in the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing | 15 September 1963 |
Clint Hill | Living (age 92) | Last passenger of John F. Kennedy's presidential limousine after Kennedy was shot | 22 November 1963 |
Andrew Wyeth | 16 January 2009 (aged 91) | Last living recipient of the inaugural Presidential Medal of Freedom | 6 December 1963 |
Albert H. Crews | Living (age 95) | Last astronaut from the Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar program | 10 December 1963 |
James Ramsden | 29 March 2020 (aged 96) | Last Secretary of State for War | 1 April 1964 |
Andrew Mlangeni | 21 July 2020 (aged 95) | Last Rivonia Trialist | 12 June 1964 |
Birch Bayh | 14 March 2019 (aged 91) | Last United States Senator to vote on the Civil Rights Act of 1964 | 19 June 1964 |
Edgar Ray Killen | 11 January 2018 (aged 92) | Last person convicted for the Mississippi Burning murders | 21 June 1964 [d] |
Gerald Ford | 26 December 2006 (aged 93) | Last member of the Warren Commission | 24 September 1964 |
Alexei Leonov | 11 October 2019 (aged 85) | Last member of the Voskhod programme | 19 March 1965 |
John Young | 5 January 2018 (aged 87) | Last crew member of Gemini 3, the first spaceflight conducted by two American astronauts | 23 March 1965 |
Marjorie Tallchief [147] | 30 November 2021 (aged 95) | Last of the Five Moons | 1966 [148] |
Alberto Moravia | 26 September 1990 (aged 82) | Last author formerly listed on the Index of Forbidden Books | 14 June 1966 |
Geoff Hurst | Living (age 82) | Last footballer of the 1966 FIFA World Cup final winning team [149] [150] | 30 July 1966 |
Waldemar Levy Cardoso | 13 May 2009 (aged 108) | Last Marshal of Brazil | 1967 |
Artati Marzuki-Sudirdjo | 15 June 2011 (aged 90) | Last minister who served in Sukarno's regime | 12 March 1967 |
Stylianos Pattakos | 8 October 2016 (aged 103) | Last leader of the 1967 Greek coup d'état and subsequent military junta | 21 April 1967 |
James A. Abrahamson | Living (age 91) | Last astronaut from Manned Orbiting Laboratory Group 3 | 30 June 1967 |
Ed Herlihy [151] | 30 January 1999 (aged 89) | Last American narrator of a newsreel | 24 October 1967 [152] |
John Minor Wisdom | 15 May 1999 (aged 93) | Last of the Fifth Circuit Four | 1968 |
Fred R. Harris [153] | 23 November 2024 (aged 94) | Last member of the Kerner Commission | 29 February 1968 [154] |
Walter Cunningham | 3 January 2023 (aged 90) | Last crew member of Apollo 7 | 22 October 1968 |
Joe Engle | 10 July 2024 (aged 91) | Last X-15 pilot | 24 October 1968 |
Buzz Aldrin | Living (age 94) | Last crew member of Apollo 11 | 24 July 1969 |
Aleksei Yeliseyev | Living (age 90) | Last cosmonaut to dock with Salyut 1, the world's first space station | 24 April 1971 |
Nurul Amin | 2 October 1974 (aged 81) | Last Prime Minister of both the East and West wings of Pakistan | 16 December 1971 |
G. Gordon Liddy | 30 March 2021 (aged 90) | Last member of the original Watergate Seven | 17 June 1972 |
Edward Bernard Raczyński | 30 July 1993 (aged 101) | Last member of the Rada Trzech | 8 July 1972 |
Ernest Hendon [155] | 16 January 2004 (aged 96) | Last survivor of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study | November 1972 |
Harrison Schmitt | Living (age 89) | Last crew member of Apollo 17 | 19 December 1972 |
Holly Woodlawn [156] | 6 December 2015 (aged 69) | Last of the Warhol superstars | 1973 |
Joseph P. Kerwin | Living (age 92) | Last crew member of Skylab 2, the first manned mission to Skylab | 22 June 1973 |
William Ruckelshaus | 27 November 2019 (aged 87) | Last government official involved in the Saturday Night Massacre | 20 October 1973 |
Edward Gibson | Living (age 88) | Last crew member of Skylab 4, the final manned mission to Skylab | 8 February 1974 |
Gordon C. Strachan | Living (age 81) | Last member of the second Watergate Seven | 1 March 1974 |
Larry C. Green [157] | Living (age 72–73) | Last convicted "Zebra murderer" | 1 May 1974 |
Lowell Weicker | 28 June 2023 (aged 92) | Last member of the United States Senate Watergate Committee | 27 June 1974 |
Ronald Reagan | 5 June 2004 (aged 93) | Last member of the Rockefeller Commission | 1975 |
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu | 29 September 2001 (aged 78) | Last president of the Republic of Vietnam | 30 April 1975 |
Khamtai Siphandone | Living (age 100) | Last Pathet Lao leader in the Vietnam War | |
Vance D. Brand | Living (age 93) | Last crew member of Apollo-Soyuz | 24 July 1975 |
Valéry Giscard d’Estaing | 2 December 2020 (aged 94) | Last signer of the Helsinki Accords | 1 August 1975 |
Fernando Suárez González | 29 April 2024 (aged 90) | Last minister who had served in Francisco Franco's regime | 20 November 1975 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
Gary Hart | Living (age 88) | Last member of the Church Committee | April 1976 |
Yao Wenyuan [158] | 23 December 2005 (aged 74) | Last member of China's Gang of Four | 6 October 1976 |
Douglas MacDiarmid [159] | 26 August 2020 (aged 97) | Last surviving member of The Group | 1977 |
Larry Newman | 20 December 2010 (aged 63) | Last crew member of the Double Eagle II | 17 August 1978 |
Marian Anderson | 8 April 1993 (aged 96) | Last honoree of the inaugural Kennedy Center Honors | 5 December 1978 |
Khieu Samphan | Living (age 93) | Last senior member of the Khmer Rouge | 7 January 1979 |
Timothy Knatchbull | Living (age 60) | Last survivor of the assassination of Lord Mountbatten | 27 August 1979 |
Walter Philip Leber | 3 August 2009 (aged 90) | Last surviving Governor of the Panama Canal Zone | 30 September 1979 |
Vladimir Bakarić [160] | 16 January 1983 (aged 70) | Last member of Josip Broz Tito's inner circle | 4 May 1980 |
Angeline Nanni [161] [162] | 27 August 2019 (aged 101) | Last member of the Venona project | 1 October 1980 |
Robert Crippen | Living (age 87) | Last crew member of STS-1, first flight of the Space Shuttle program aboard space shuttle Columbia | 14 April 1981 |
Mikhail Gorbachev [163] | 30 August 2022 (aged 91) | Last living member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the Brezhnev Era | 10 November 1982 |
Last head of state of the Soviet Union | 25 December 1991 | ||
Story Musgrave | Living (age 89) | Last crew member of STS-6, the first flight of space shuttle Challenger | 9 April 1983 |
Vladimir Solovyov | Living (age 78) | Last crew member of Soyuz T-15, the first crew to visit the Mir space station and the last crew to visit the Salyut 7 space station | 16 July 1986 |
Vasilije Krestić | Living (age 92) | Last signer of SANU Memorandum, which started the Breakup of Yugoslavia | September 1986 |
Brian Willson | Living (age 83) | Last participant in the Veterans Fast For Life protest | 17 October 1986 |
Joey Bishop | 17 October 2007 (aged 89) | Last of the original Rat Pack | 1988 [164] |
Suharto | 27 January 2008 (aged 86) | Last Commander of Order and Security | 5 September 1988 |
Last awarded Jenderal Besar TNI | 5 October 1997 | ||
Gheorghe Apostol | 21 August 2010 (aged 97) | Last signer of the Letter of the Six | March 1989 |
Karel Urbánek | Living (age 83) | Last General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia | 20 December 1989 |
Egon Krenz | Living (age 87) | Last Chairman of the State Council of East Germany | 5 April 1990 |
Stanislav Hurenko | 14 April 2013 (aged 76) | Last First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR | 1 September 1991 |
Al D'Amato | Living (age 87) | Last member of the President's Commission on Aviation Security and Terrorism | 27 September 1991 |
Petar Matić Dule | 4 October 2024 (aged 104) | Last People's Hero of Yugoslavia | 29 September 1991 |
Vadim Bakatin | 31 July 2022 (aged 84) | Last Chairman of the KGB | 16 November 1991 |
Vitold Fokin | Living (age 92) | Last signer of the Belovezh Accords that put an end to the Soviet Union | 8 December 1991 |
Dmitry Yazov | 25 February 2020 (aged 95) | Last Marshal of the Soviet Union | 26 December 1991 |
F. W. de Klerk | 11 November 2021 (aged 85) | Last leader of the apartheid government of South Africa and last State President | 10 May 1994 |
Wan Li | 15 July 2015 (aged 98) | Last member of China's Eight Elders | February 1997 |
Alberto Alemán Zubieta [165] | Living (age 73) | Last Administrator of the Panama Canal Commission | 31 December 1999 |
Name | Death | Distinction | Date ended |
---|---|---|---|
Bretagne | 6 June 2016 (aged 16) | Last 9/11 rescue dog. [166] | 20 September 2001 [e] |
A few of the individuals listed above are pictured here, for visual reference. Each picture is captioned.
1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1991st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 991st year of the 2nd millennium, the 91st year of the 20th century, and the 2nd year of the 1990s decade.
The Brooklyn Bridge is a hybrid cable-stayed/suspension bridge in New York City, spanning the East River between the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn. Opened on May 24, 1883, the Brooklyn Bridge was the first fixed crossing of the East River. It was also the longest suspension bridge in the world at the time of its opening, with a main span of 1,595.5 feet (486.3 m) and a deck 127 ft (38.7 m) above Mean High Water. The span was originally called the New York and Brooklyn Bridge or the East River Bridge but was officially renamed the Brooklyn Bridge in 1915.
Radio City Music Hall is an entertainment venue and theater at 1260 Avenue of the Americas, within Rockefeller Center, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Nicknamed "The Showplace of the Nation", it is the headquarters for the Rockettes. Radio City Music Hall was designed by Edward Durell Stone and Donald Deskey in the Art Deco style.
The Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) is a 13.8-mile (22.2 km) rapid transit system in the northeastern New Jersey cities of Newark, Harrison, Jersey City, and Hoboken, as well as Lower and Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is operated as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. PATH trains run around the clock year-round; four routes serving 13 stations operate during the daytime on weekdays, while two routes operate during weekends, late nights, and holidays. It crosses the Hudson River through cast iron tunnels that rest on a bed of silt on the river bottom. It operates as a deep-level subway in Manhattan and the Jersey City/Hoboken riverfront; from Grove Street in Jersey City to Newark, trains run in open cuts, at grade level, and on elevated track. In 2023, the system saw 55,109,100 rides, or about 205,600 per weekday in the third quarter of 2024, making it the fifth-busiest rapid transit system in the United States.
The New York Marriott World Trade Center was a 22-story 825-room hotel within the original World Trade Center complex in Manhattan, New York City. Situated on the original Three World Trade Center, It opened in April 1981 as the Vista International Hotel and was the first major hotel to open in Lower Manhattan south of Canal Street since 1836. In November 1995, it was bought by Marriott Corporation and renamed the Marriott World Trade Center.
Hart Island, sometimes referred to as Hart's Island, is located at the western end of Long Island Sound, in the northeastern Bronx in New York City. Measuring approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) long by 0.33 miles (0.53 km) wide, Hart Island is part of the Pelham Islands archipelago and is east of City Island.
The Clark Street station is a station on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. It is located at Clark Street and Henry Street in Brooklyn Heights, Brooklyn. It is served by the 2 train at all times and the 3 train at all times except late nights. At approximately 80 feet (24 m) deep, the Clark Street station contains one island platform and two tracks. Its only exit is via a set of three elevators, which lead from a passageway above the platform to the ground story of the Hotel St. George. Despite being one of three New York City Subway stations that can only be accessed by elevators, the Clark Street station is not wheelchair-accessible with only stairs leading to the platforms.
The St. James Theatre, originally Erlanger's Theatre, is a Broadway theater at 246 West 44th Street in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. Opened in 1927, it was designed by Warren and Wetmore in a neo-Georgian style and was constructed for A. L. Erlanger. It has 1,709 seats across three levels and is operated by ATG Entertainment. Both the facade and the auditorium interior are New York City landmarks.
The Gershwin Theatre is a Broadway theater at 222 West 51st Street, on the second floor of the Paramount Plaza office building, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Opened in 1972, it is operated by the Nederlander Organization and is named after brothers George and Ira Gershwin, who wrote several Broadway musicals. The Gershwin is Broadway's largest theater, with approximately 1,933 seats across two levels. Over the years, it has hosted musicals, dance companies, and concerts.
The 59th Street–Columbus Circle station is a New York City Subway station complex shared by the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line and the IND Eighth Avenue Line. It is located at Columbus Circle in Manhattan, where 59th Street, Broadway and Eighth Avenue intersect, and serves Central Park, the Upper West Side, Hell's Kitchen, and Midtown Manhattan. The station is served by the 1, A, and D trains at all times; the C train at all times except late nights; the B train during weekdays until 11:00 p.m.; and the 2 train during late nights.
The Broadway Theatre is a Broadway theater at 1681 Broadway in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. Opened in 1924, the theater was designed by Eugene De Rosa for Benjamin S. Moss, who originally operated the venue as a movie theater. It has approximately 1,763 seats across two levels and is operated by The Shubert Organization. The Broadway Theatre is one of the few Broadway theaters that is physically on Broadway.
The Nederlander Theatre is a Broadway theater at 208 West 41st Street in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. Opened in 1921, it was designed by William Neil Smith for theatrical operator Walter C. Jordan. It has around 1,235 seats across two levels and is operated by the Nederlander Organization. Since 1980, it has been named for American theater impresario David Tobias Nederlander, father of theatrical producer James M. Nederlander. It is the southernmost Broadway theater in the Theater District.
The Lyric Theatre is a Broadway theater at 214 West 43rd Street in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. Opened in 1998, the theater was designed by Richard Lewis Blinder of Beyer Blinder Belle, in collaboration with Peter Kofman, for Garth Drabinsky and his company Livent. The Lyric Theatre was built using parts of two former theaters on the site: the Apollo Theatre, built in 1920 to a design by Eugene De Rosa, and the old Lyric Theatre, built in 1903 to a design by Victor Hugo Koehler. The theater contains 1,622 seats across three levels and is operated by ATG Entertainment. The theater building is owned by the city and state governments of New York and was developed by New 42nd Street.
The Roundabout Theatre Company is a non-profit theatre company based in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, affiliated with the League of Resident Theatres.
The 42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue station is an underground New York City Subway station complex, consisting of stations on the IRT Flushing Line and IND Sixth Avenue Line. Located at 42nd Street between Fifth Avenue and Sixth Avenue in Manhattan, it is served by the 7, D and F trains at all times, the B and M trains on weekdays, and the <7> and <F> trains during rush hours in the peak direction. A free passageway from the IND platforms to the ‹See TfM›Times Square–42nd Street/Port Authority Bus Terminal station, served by the 1, 2, 3, 7, <7>, A, C, E, N, Q, R, W, and S trains is open during the day from 6 a.m. to 12 a.m. Only the Times Square transfers are announced on NTT trains.
Politico, known originally as The Politico, is an American political digital newspaper company. Founded by American banker and media executive Robert Allbritton in 2007, it covers politics and policy in the United States and internationally, with publications dedicated to politics in the U.S., European Union, United Kingdom, and Canada, among others. Primarily providing distributed news, analysis and opinion online, it also produces printed newspapers, radio, and podcasts. Its coverage focuses on topics such as the federal government, lobbying and the media.
The Charles Scribner's Sons Building, also known as 597 Fifth Avenue, is a commercial structure in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City, on Fifth Avenue between 48th and 49th Streets. Designed by Ernest Flagg in a Beaux Arts style, it was built from 1912 to 1913 for the Scribner's Bookstore.
The Battery, formerly known as Battery Park, is a 25-acre (10 ha) public park located at the southern tip of Manhattan Island in New York City facing New York Harbor. It is bounded by Battery Place on the north, with Bowling Green to the northeast, State Street on the east, New York Harbor to the south, and the Hudson River to the west. The park contains attractions such as an early 19th-century fort named Castle Clinton; multiple monuments; and the SeaGlass Carousel. The surrounding area, known as South Ferry, contains multiple ferry terminals, including the Staten Island Ferry's Whitehall Terminal; a boat launch to the Statue of Liberty National Monument ; and a boat launch to Governors Island.