List of oldest living state leaders

For a list of the oldest currently serving state leaders, see Lists of state leaders by age.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.

This article lists the 100 oldest living current or former state leaders whose age can be demonstrated beyond reasonable doubt. State leaders are defined to include heads of state (including representatives who act in their stead, generally a governor-general), heads of government and internationally recognized de facto leaders ^[I] of sovereign states with significant international recognition. Leaders are not included if no reliable secondary sources have confirmed that the leader is alive within the last 10 years. The oldest living former state leader is Guillermo Rodríguez of Ecuador at the age of 101 years, 320 days. ^[2] Leaders currently in office are in bold in green, with Paul Biya of Cameroon being the oldest currently serving head of state. ^[3]

Gallery

• 
  Oldest living:
  Guillermo Rodríguez
    Ecuador
  1972–1976
• 
  2nd‑oldest living:
  Tomiichi Murayama
  Japan
  1994–1996
• 
  3rd‑oldest living:
  Mahathir Mohamad
  Malaysia
  1981–2003 and 2018–2020
• 
  Oldest living of a now-defunct state and 7th‑oldest living:
  Raif Dizdarević
  Yugoslavia
  1988–1989
• 
  Oldest living incumbent and 49th‑oldest living:
  Paul Biya
  Cameroon
  1975–present

List

     Currently in office

No.	Name	State	Position	Birth	Age	Living as of
1	Guillermo Rodríguez	Ecuador	Acting President (1972–1976)	4 Nov 1923	101 years, 320 days	4 Nov 2024 [2]
2	Tomiichi Murayama	Japan	Prime Minister (1994–1996)	3 Mar 1924	101 years, 201 days	9 Mar 2025 [4]
3	Mahathir Mohamad	Malaysia	Prime Minister (1981–2003; 2018–2020)	10 Jul 1925	100 years, 72 days	10 Jul 2025 [5]
4	Mohammad Hasan Sharq	Afghanistan	Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1988–1989)	17 Jul 1925	100 years, 65 days	12 Oct 2020 [6]
5	Abdoulaye Wade	Senegal	President (2000–2012)	29 May 1926	99 years, 114 days	29 May 2025 [7]
6	Valdas Adamkus	Lithuania	President (1998–2003; 2004–2009)	3 Nov 1926	98 years, 321 days	6 May 2025 [8]
7	Raif Dizdarević	Yugoslavia	President of the Presidency (1988–1989)	9 Dec 1926	98 years, 285 days	9 Dec 2024 [9]
8	Kim Yong-nam	North Korea	Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly (1998–2019)	4 Feb 1928	97 years, 228 days	12 Jul 2024 [10]
9	Arthur Foulkes	Bahamas	Governor-General (2010–2014)	11 May 1928	97 years, 132 days	11 May 2024 [11]
10	Péter Boross	Hungary	Prime Minister (1993–1994)	27 Aug 1928	97 years, 24 days	27 Aug 2025 [12]
11	Zhu Rongji	China	Premier of the State Council (1998–2003)	23 Oct 1928	96 years, 332 days	26 Jan 2025 [13]
12	Édouard Balladur	France	Prime Minister (1993–1995)	2 May 1929	96 years, 141 days	7 Jul 2025 [14]
13	Orville Turnquest	Bahamas	Governor-General (1995–2001)	19 Jul 1929	96 years, 63 days	20 Feb 2023 [15]
14	Gombojavyn Ochirbat	Mongolia	General Secretary of the People's Revolutionary Party (1990)	15 Nov 1929	95 years, 309 days	6 Dec 2021 [16]
15	Alfred Moisiu	Albania	President (2002–2007)	1 Dec 1929	95 years, 293 days	13 Jul 2025 [17]
16	Lee Hyun-jae	South Korea	Prime Minister (1988)	20 Dec 1929	95 years, 274 days	10 Apr 2025 [18]
	Milan Panić	Yugoslavia	Federal Prime Minister (1992–1993)			30 May 2023 [19]
18	Efraín Goldenberg	Peru	Prime Minister (1994–1995)	28 Dec 1929	95 years, 266 days	1 Jul 2024 [20]
19	Ahmed Osman	Morocco	Prime Minister (1972–1979)	3 Jan 1930	95 years, 260 days	2 Jun 2020 [21]
20	Vigdís Finnbogadóttir	Iceland	President (1980–1996)	15 Apr 1930	95 years, 158 days	15 Apr 2025 [22]
21	José Sarney	Brazil	President (1985–1990)	24 Apr 1930	95 years, 149 days	28 Jun 2025 [23]
22	Kesang Choden	Bhutan	Regent (1972)	21 May 1930	95 years, 122 days	9 Oct 2023 [24]
23	Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada	Bolivia	President (1993–1997; 2002–2003)	1 Jul 1930	95 years, 81 days	1 Jul 2025 [25]
24	Ivy Dumont	Bahamas	Acting Governor-General (2001–2002) Governor-General (2002–2005)	2 Oct 1930	94 years, 353 days	8 Aug 2024 [26]
25	Choe Yong-rim	North Korea	Premier (2010–2013)	20 Nov 1930	94 years, 304 days	27 Jul 2023 [27]
26	Cesar Virata	Philippines	Prime Minister (1981–1986)	12 Dec 1930	94 years, 282 days	23 Mar 2025 [28]
27	William Deane	Australia	Governor-General (1996–2001)	4 Jan 1931	94 years, 259 days	7 Mar 2024 [29]
28	Philip Greaves	Barbados	Acting Governor-General (2017–2018)	19 Jan 1931	94 years, 244 days	2 Jan 2022 [30]
29	Isabel Perón	Argentina	President (1974–1976)	4 Feb 1931	94 years, 228 days	4 Feb 2025 [31]
30	Lamberto Dini	Italy	Prime Minister (1995–1996)	1 Mar 1931	94 years, 203 days	22 Aug 2025 [32]
31	Elliott Belgrave	Barbados	Acting Governor-General (2011–2012) Governor-General (2012–2017)	16 Mar 1931	94 years, 188 days	23 Nov 2020 [33]
32	George Vassiliou	Cyprus	President (1988–1993)	20 May 1931	94 years, 123 days	20 May 2025 [34]
33	Raúl Castro	Cuba	President of the Council of State (2006–2018) President of the Council of Ministers (2006–2018) First Secretary of the Communist Party (2011–2021)	3 Jun 1931	94 years, 109 days	26 Jul 2025 [35]
34	Fernando Henrique Cardoso	Brazil	President (1995–2003)	18 Jun 1931	94 years, 94 days	18 Jun 2025 [36]
35	Khieu Samphan	Democratic Kampuchea	Acting Prime Minister (1976) Chairman of the State Presidium (1976–1979)	27 Jul 1931	94 years, 55 days	10 Jan 2024 [37]
36	Pié Masumbuko	Burundi	Acting Prime Minister (1965)	29 Sep 1931	93 years, 356 days	10 Apr 2023 [38]
37	Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar	Bangladesh	Acting President (2002)	1 Dec 1931	93 years, 293 days	26 Apr 2025 [39]
38	Tang Fei	Taiwan	President of the Executive Yuan (2000)	15 Mar 1932	93 years, 189 days	20 Jul 2025 [40]
39	Chavalit Yongchaiyudh	Thailand	Prime Minister (1996–1997)	15 May 1932	93 years, 128 days	15 May 2025 [41]
40	Marguerite Pindling	Bahamas	Governor-General (2014–2019)	26 Jun 1932	93 years, 86 days	26 Jun 2025 [42]
41	Anand Panyarachun	Thailand	Prime Minister (1991–1992; 1992)	9 Aug 1932	93 years, 42 days	13 Aug 2025 [43]
42	Sirikit		Regent (1956)	12 Aug 1932	93 years, 39 days	12 Aug 2025 [44]
43	Gavril Dejeu	Romania	Acting Prime Minister (1998)	11 Sep 1932	93 years, 9 days	27 Sep 2024 [45]
44	Vytautas Landsbergis	Lithuania	Chairman of the Supreme Council (1991–1992)	18 Oct 1932	92 years, 337 days	9 Aug 2025 [46]
45	Ugo Mifsud Bonnici	Malta	President (1994–1999)	8 Nov 1932	92 years, 316 days	8 Nov 2024 [47]
46	Kim Suk-soo	South Korea	Prime Minister (2002–2003)	20 Nov 1932	92 years, 304 days	17 Aug 2025 [48]
	Colville Young	Belize	Governor-General (1993–2021)			11 Jan 2025 [49]
48	Than Shwe	Myanmar	Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council (1992–2011) Prime Minister (1992–2003) Chairman of the Union Solidarity and Development Association (1993–2011)	2 Feb 1933	92 years, 230 days	15 Aug 2024 [50]
49	Paul Biya	Cameroon	Prime Minister (1975–1982) President (1982–present)	13 Feb 1933	92 years, 219 days	13 Jul 2025 [3]
50	Mark Eyskens	Belgium	Prime Minister (1981)	29 Apr 1933	92 years, 144 days	13 Jan 2025 [51]
51	H. D. Deve Gowda	India	Prime Minister (1996–1997)	18 May 1933	92 years, 125 days	1 Aug 2025 [52]
52	Hüsamettin Cindoruk	Turkey	Acting President (1993)	8 Jun 1933	92 years, 104 days	5 May 2025 [53]
53	Dumaagiin Sodnom	Mongolia	Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1984–1990)	14 Jul 1933	92 years, 68 days	9 May 2024 [54]
54	Rubén Darío Paredes	Panama	Commander of the National Guard (1982–1983)	11 Aug 1933	92 years, 40 days	5 Sep 2024 [55]
55	Arnold Koller	Switzerland	Federal Council Member (1986–1999) President (1990; 1997)	29 Aug 1933	92 years, 22 days	29 Mar 2025 [56]
56	Mátyás Szűrös	Hungary	Provisional President (1989–1990)	11 Sep 1933	92 years, 9 days	11 May 2024 [57]
57	Michel Aoun	Lebanon	President (2016–2022) [II]	30 Sep 1933	91 years, 355 days	23 Mar 2025 [58]
58	Abel Pacheco	Costa Rica	President (2002–2006)	22 Dec 1933	91 years, 272 days	14 Jun 2025 [59]
59	Akihito	Japan	Emperor (1989–2019)	23 Dec 1933	91 years, 271 days	14 Jul 2025 [60]
60	Rudolf Schuster	Slovakia	President (1999–2004)	4 Jan 1934	91 years, 259 days	21 Mar 2025 [61]
61	Jean Chrétien	Canada	Prime Minister (1993–2003)	11 Jan 1934	91 years, 252 days	27 May 2025 [62]
62	Édith Cresson	France	Prime Minister (1991–1992)	27 Jan 1934	91 years, 236 days	25 Jan 2025 [63]
63	Eddie Fenech Adami	Malta	Prime Minister (1987–1996; 1998–2004) President (2004–2009)	7 Feb 1934	91 years, 225 days	7 Feb 2025 [64]
64	Mohamed Ennaceur	Tunisia	Acting President (2019)	21 Mar 1934	91 years, 183 days	30 May 2024 [65]
65	J.Y. Pillay	Singapore	Acting President (2017)	30 Mar 1934	91 years, 174 days	28 Apr 2024 [66]
66	John Malecela	Tanzania	Prime Minister (1990–1994)	19 Apr 1934	91 years, 154 days	14 Apr 2025 [67]
67	Pedro Pires	Cape Verde	Prime Minister (1975–1991) President (2001–2011)	29 Apr 1934	91 years, 144 days	25 Jun 2025 [68]
68	Lee Hong-koo	South Korea	Prime Minister (1994–1995)	9 May 1934	91 years, 134 days	15 Jun 2025 [69]
69	Heng Samrin	Kampuchea	President of the Council of State (1979–1992) General Secretary of the People's Revolutionary Party (1981–1991)	25 May 1934	91 years, 118 days	25 Jun 2025 [70]
70	Monica Dacon	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Acting Governor-General (2002)	4 Jun 1934	91 years, 108 days	26 Feb 2019 [71]
71	Albert II	Belgium	King (1993–2013)	6 Jun 1934	91 years, 106 days	8 Jul 2025 [72]
72	Désiré Rakotoarijaona	Madagascar	Prime Minister (1977–1988)	19 Jun 1934	91 years, 93 days	6 Jan 2021 [73]
73	Ricardo de la Espriella	Panama	President (1982–1984)	5 Sep 1934	91 years, 15 days	15 Apr 2025 [74]
74	Apas Jumagulov	Kyrgyzstan	Prime Minister (1993–1998)	19 Sep 1934	91 years, 1 day	3 May 2025 [75]
75	Yakubu Gowon	Nigeria	Head of the Federal Military Government (1966–1975)	19 Oct 1934	90 years, 336 days	21 Feb 2025 [76]
76	Ingvar Carlsson	Sweden	Prime Minister (1986–1991; 1994–1996)	9 Nov 1934	90 years, 315 days	28 Apr 2025 [77]
	Hamilton Green	Guyana	Prime Minister (1985–1992)			11 Mar 2025 [78]
78	Nicéphore Soglo	Benin	Acting Prime Minister (1990–1991) President (1991–1996)	29 Nov 1934	90 years, 295 days	22 Apr 2025 [79]
79	Pratibha Patil	India	President (2007–2012)	19 Dec 1934	90 years, 275 days	19 Dec 2024 [80]
80	Stjepan Mesić	Yugoslavia	President of the Presidency (1991)	24 Dec 1934	90 years, 270 days	6 Jun 2025 [81]
		Croatia	President (2000–2010)
81	António Ramalho Eanes	Portugal	President of the Revolutionary Council (1976–1982) President (1976–1986)	25 Jan 1935	90 years, 238 days	17 Jul 2025 [82]
82	Artur Rasizade	Azerbaijan	Prime Minister (1996–2003; 2003–2018) [III]	26 Feb 1935	90 years, 206 days	13 Feb 2025 [83]
83	Mohammed Basindawa	Yemen	Prime Minister (2011–2014)	4 Apr 1935	90 years, 169 days	26 Jun 2025 [84]
84	Peter Hollingworth	Australia	Governor-General (2001–2003)	10 Apr 1935	90 years, 163 days	1 Aug 2024 [85]
	P.J. Patterson	Jamaica	Prime Minister (1992–2006)			25 Jun 2025 [86]
86	Sharavyn Gungaadorj	Mongolia	Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1990)	2 May 1935	90 years, 141 days	27 Dec 2021 [87]
87	Nemesi Marquès i Oste	Andorra	Representative of the Episcopal Co-Prince (1993–2012) [IV]	17 May 1935	90 years, 126 days	2 Nov 2021 [88]
88	Léon Kengo	Zaire	First State Commissioner (1982–1986; 1988–1990) Prime Minister (1994–1997)	22 May 1935	90 years, 121 days	17 Jan 2025 [89]
	Sultan Ali Keshtmand	Afghanistan	Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1981–1988; 1989–1990)			7 Nov 2023 [90]
90	Jim Bolger	New Zealand	Prime Minister (1990–1997)	31 May 1935	90 years, 112 days	28 May 2025 [91]
91	Lee Hoi-chang	South Korea	Prime Minister (1993–1994)	2 Jun 1935	90 years, 110 days	6 Jun 2024 [92]
92	Rodrigo Borja Cevallos	Ecuador	President (1988–1992)	19 Jun 1935	90 years, 93 days	19 Jun 2025 [93]
93	Leonel Mário d'Alva	São Tomé and Príncipe	Acting President (1991)	22 Jul 1935	90 years, 60 days	10 Jul 2025 [94]
94	Hifikepunye Pohamba	Namibia	President (2005–2015)	18 Aug 1935	90 years, 33 days	18 Aug 2025 [95]
95	Abdou Diouf	Senegal	Prime Minister (1970–1980) President (1981–2000)	7 Sep 1935	90 years, 13 days	7 Sep 2025 [96]
96	Henri de Coignac	Andorra	French Viguier (1982–1984)	3 Oct 1935	89 years, 352 days	5 Feb 2023 [97]
97	Mahmoud Abbas	Palestine	Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2003) President of the Palestinian National Authority (2005–present) President of Palestine (2005–present)	15 Nov 1935	89 years, 309 days	14 Jul 2025 [98]
98	Adnan Badran	Jordan	Prime Minister (2005)	15 Dec 1935	89 years, 279 days	12 May 2025 [99]
99	Edward Schreyer	Canada	Governor General (1979–1984)	21 Dec 1935	89 years, 273 days	30 Apr 2025 [100]
100	Salman	Saudi Arabia	King (2015–present) Prime Minister (2015–2022)	31 Dec 1935	89 years, 263 days	30 Mar 2025 [101]

Addendum

Uncertain date of birth

The following individuals might be older than #100–38 on this list, but their exact date of birth is uncertain.

Name	State	Position	Birth	Age	Living as of
Abdul Rauf al-Kasm	Syria	Prime Minister (1980–1987) [V]	1932	92 years, 263 days to 93 years, 262 days	29 Jan 2020 [104]
Severino Tura	San Marino	Captain Regent (1985)	1934	90 years, 263 days to 91 years, 262 days	7 Aug 2018 [105]
Al-Jazuli Daf'allah	Sudan	Prime Minister (1985–1986)	Dec 1935	89 years, 263 days to 89 years, 293 days	29 Aug 2023 [106]

Unclear status as state leaders

The following individuals are older than #97–8 on this list, but their status as a state leader is unclear. ^[VI]

Name	State	Position	Birth	Age	Living as of
Ali Haroun	Algeria	Member of the High Council of State (1992–1994)	8 Feb 1927	98 years, 224 days	4 Mar 2024 [107]
Laurie Greig	Cook Islands	Acting Queen's Representative (2000–2001)	24 Feb 1929	96 years, 208 days	10 Jul 2024 [108]
Michael J. Williams	Trinidad and Tobago	Acting President during absence (1987)	16 Oct 1929	95 years, 339 days	7 Oct 2022 [109]
Biljana Plavšić	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Serb Member of the Presidency (1992)	7 Jul 1930	95 years, 75 days	1 Jan 2025 [110]
Christian Schwarz-Schilling	Bosnia and Herzegovina	High Representative (2006–2007)	19 Nov 1930	94 years, 305 days	8 Jun 2025 [111]
Karan Singh	Jammu and Kashmir	Prince Regent (1949–1952)	9 Mar 1931	94 years, 195 days	6 Mar 2025 [112]
Nicola Mancino	Italy	President of the Senate acting as head of state (1999)	15 Oct 1931	93 years, 340 days	7 Jul 2023 [113]
George Ali Murad Khan	Khairpur	Mir during Independence from British Raj (1947–1948)	29 Jun 1933	92 years, 83 days	8 Feb 2019 [114]
Giovanni Battista Re	Vatican City	Dean of the College of Cardinals during papal vacancy (2025)	30 Jan 1934	91 years, 233 days	21 Apr 2025 [115]
Félix Mouzabakani	Congo-Brazzaville	Member of the Provisional Government (1963) [VII]	11 Mar 1934 [116]	91 years, 193 days	15 Aug 2025 [117]
Dumitru Mazilu	Romania	Member of the National Salvation Front Council (1989–1990)	24 Jun 1934	91 years, 88 days	24 Dec 2021 [118]
Waldo Bernal Pereira  [ es ]	Bolivia	Member of the Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces (1980) Member of the Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces (1981)	5 Aug 1934	91 years, 46 days	30 Apr 2018 [119]
Tarcisio Bertone	Vatican City	Camerlengo during papal vacancy (2013)	2 Dec 1934	90 years, 292 days	11 May 2025 [120]
Óscar Pammo Rodríguez  [ es ]	Bolivia	Member of the Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces (1981)	14 Dec 1934	90 years, 280 days	10 Oct 2023 [121]
Giovanni Lajolo	Vatican City	President of the Governorate (2006–2011)	3 Jan 1935	90 years, 260 days	3 Jan 2025 [122]
Brian Mullooly	Ireland	Member of the Presidential Commission during vacancy (1997)	21 Feb 1935	90 years, 211 days	1 Jan 2019 [123]
Tenzin Gyatso	Tibet	Dalai Lama (1940–present) Ruler (1950–1959)	6 Jul 1935	90 years, 76 days	6 Jul 2025 [124]
Hakkı Atun	Northern Cyprus	Prime Minister (1994–1996)	7 Oct 1935	89 years, 348 days	9 Jan 2025 [125]
Young Vivian	Niue	Premier (1992–1993; 2002–2008)	12 Nov 1935	89 years, 312 days	11 Jan 2023 [126]

See also

• List of centenarians (politicians and civil servants)
• List of current heads of state and government
• List of current state leaders by date of assumption of office
• List of longest-reigning monarchs
• List of youngest state leaders since 1900
• Lists of state leaders by age
• Lists of state leaders
• Records of heads of state
• Gerontocracy

Notes

1. Including but not limited to Prime Ministers of Peru, recognized as heads of government by the United Nations ^[1] and party leaders of single-party states.
2. Aoun was the disputed Prime Minister of Lebanon from 1988–1990, and simultaneously also the disputed acting President.
3. Rasizade was also Acting Prime Minister of Azerbaijan during 20 July 1996 – 26 November 1996; 18 October 1998 – 24 October 1998; and 6 August 2003 – 4 November 2003. He was acting as prime minister for the acting president, Ilham Aliyev, during 6 August 2003 – 31 October 2003.
4. Marquès was Acting Representative of the Episcopal Co-Prince during 4 May 1993 – 24 February 1994.
5. Al-Kasm was also a member of an acting presidential committee in late 1983, when Hafez al-Assad was recovering from an illness. ^{[102] [103]}
6. They were either members of collective presidencies without a clear leader, interim leaders, de facto leaders, widely recognised leaders whose true power was limited or leaders of political entities whose status as sovereign states was unclear or disputed.
7. Mouzabakani, as Co-Commander of the Army, was a member of the collective interim government that took control of the Republic of the Congo during 3 days in August 1963.

References

1. "Heads of State, Heads of Government and Ministers for Foreign Affairs". United Nations Protocol and Liaison Service. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
2. "Expresidente Guillermo Rodríguez Lara cumplió 101 años". El Universo (in Spanish). 4 November 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
3. "Cameroon's Biya, 92, announces bid for eighth presidential term". Reuters. 13 July 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2025.
4. "大分华侨华人会会长黄梅雄看望101岁日本前首相村山富市". JP China Press (in Chinese). 9 March 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
5. "Former Malaysia PM Mahathir Mohamad on turning 100 years old". CNA. 10 July 2025. Retrieved 10 July 2025.
6. "کتاب کودتای پنجم در سقوط دولت جمهورى سرخ یا سیاه". Rahparcham (in Persian). 12 October 2020. Retrieved 27 August 2025.
7. "Le Président Abdoulaye Wade célèbre ses 99 ans". Senego (in French). 29 May 2025. Retrieved 29 May 2025.
8. "V. Adamkus sureagavo į siūlymą naikinti V. Landsbergiui suteiktą valstybės vadovo statusą". Lrytas (in Lithuanian). 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
9. "Raif Dizdarević proslavio 98. rođendan: Pogledajte ko je sve bio i šta mu je otpjevao Ivica Šarić". Radio Sarajevo (in Bosnian). 9 December 2024. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
10. "[한반도 포커스] 김여정에 깍듯했던 이 사람…백발로 꼿꼿이 등장". Nate (in Korean). 12 July 2024. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
11. "Happy Birthday To My Mentor Sir Arthur A. Foulkes". Bahamas Chronicle. 11 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
12. "Van még feladata a ma 97 éves volt miniszterelnöknek". Magyar Jelen (in Hungarian). 27 August 2025. Retrieved 27 August 2025.
13. "Hu Jintao, Zhu Rongji on the list as China's top leaders send 130 Lunar New Year wishes". South China Morning Post. 26 January 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
14. "Le député LR Olivier Marleix a mis fin à ses jours". La Gazette (in French). 7 July 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
15. "PM owes Foulkes and Turnquest a 'public apology' says Pintard". The Tribune. 23 February 2023. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
16. "Д.Сарангэрэл: Та бидний сахилга хариуцлага, вакцинжуулалтын үр нөлөөгөөр өнөөдөр бид Их хурлаа хийж байна". Zarig.mn (in Mongolian). 6 December 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
17. "Alfred Moisiu: 'Çdo deputet me vila! Të bëjnë për budalla! Jetoj në banesën e 53 viteve më parë!'". NOA Lajme (in Albanian). 13 July 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
18. "한서대 항공기술교육원, 항공 MRO 센터 출범 기념식 개최". Hanseo University (in Korean). 10 April 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
19. "Milan Panić u Beogradu: potpisivanje knjige u knjižari Delfi SKC". Laguna (in Serbian). 30 May 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
20. "Declaran reos contumaces a tres acusados que no concurrieron al inicio del juicio oral en Caso Cócteles". Caretas (in Spanish). 1 July 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
21. "هؤالء قدموا تعازيهم لحزب االتحاد االشرتاكي في وفاة المجاهد عبد الرحمان اليوسفي". Anwar Press (in Arabic). 2 June 2020. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
22. "Frú Vigdís fagnar 95 árum". Visir (in Icelandic). 15 April 2025. Retrieved 15 April 2025.
23. "Ex-presidente José Sarney abre conta no Instagram aos 95 anos". A Tarde (in Brazilian Portuguese). 28 June 2025. Retrieved 16 July 2025.
24. "Her Majesty the Royal Grandmother graces consecration of Lha Dzong Tashigang Goenpa". Bhutan Broadcasting Service. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
25. "¿Cómo lo recuerdas? Goni cumple hoy 95 años. Fue dos veces presidente de Bolivia. Nació e". deRedes (in Spanish). 1 July 2025. Retrieved 1 July 2025.
26. "Cora Aslee Gibson". Bethel Brothers. 8 August 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
27. "〈전승70돐〉최고사령부의 친위중대원이였던 최영림 전 내각총리의 회고". Choson Sinbo (in Korean). 27 July 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
28. "Virata legacy: A family's enduring influence". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 23 March 2025. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
29. "NAA – ACT Section 79th Annual General Meeting" (PDF). The Bosun's Call. 1 June 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
30. "Verla: Come out and vote". NationNews. 3 January 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
31. ""Isabel" Perón cumple 94 años". El Esquiu (in Spanish). 4 February 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
32. ""Al Quirinale al posto di Mattarella": l'ex premier sgancia la bomba". The Social Post (in Italian). 22 August 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
33. "Notes of a Native Governor General: The Memoirs of Sir Elliott Fitzroy Belgrave". Goodreads. 23 November 2020. Retrieved 3 September 2025.
34. "Έκλεισε τα 94 ο πρώην Πρόεδρος Γιώργος Βασιλείου – Η ανάρτηση της συζύγου του". Cyprus News (in Greek). 20 May 2025. Retrieved 20 May 2025.
35. "94-year-old Raul Castro and the new generation celebrate the attack that opened the way for the Cuban Revolution". MSN. 26 July 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
36. "Marina Silva presta homenagem aos 94 anos do ex-presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso". Geo Belmonte (in Brazilian Portuguese). 18 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
37. "ឯកឧត្តម ស សុខា ចុះពិនិត្យស្ថានភាពអ្នកជាប់ឃុំ និងលោក ខៀវ សំផន នៅពន្ធនាគារខេត្តកណ្ដាល". Karpit News (in Khmer). 10 January 2024. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
38. "Célébration du 75ème anniversaire de l'OMS et du 60e anniversaire de coopération". Agence Burundaise de Presse (in French). 10 April 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
39. "Justice Abdur Rouf remembered for his integrity". New Age. 26 April 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
40. "總會指導委員暨金副理事長參加空軍孫平將軍追思儀式。". Veterans Association of the Republic of China (in Chinese). 20 July 2025. Retrieved 25 August 2025.
41. ""บิ๊กจิ๋ว" ครบรอบ 93 ปี นอนพักรักษาตัว รพ.หน้าตาสดใส ภริยาดูแลใกล้ชิด "ผบ.ทบ." ส่งตัวแทนอวยพร". Siam Rath (in Thai). 15 May 2025. Retrieved 15 May 2025.
42. "Happy birthday Dame Margurite Pindling". Bahamas Uncensored. 26 June 2025. Retrieved 23 August 2025.
43. "93 ปี อานันท์ ปันยารชุน เบิร์ธเดย์กับหลานๆ ที่เขาใหญ่". Manager Daily (in Thai). 13 August 2025. Retrieved 13 August 2025.
44. "Auspicious Occasion of Her Majesty Queen Sirikit The Queen Mother's Birthday Anniversary". The Government Public Relations Department. 12 August 2025. Retrieved 13 August 2025.
45. "Fostul Ministru de Interne, Gavril Dejeu, și magistrați celebrii ai Sibiului, premiați la un eveniment special la "Thalia" (foto)". Ora de Sibiu (in Romanian). 27 September 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
46. "Iš ligoninėje gulinčio Vytauto Landsbergio – žinutė". 15min naujienos (in Lithuanian). 9 August 2025. Retrieved 13 August 2025.
47. "Illum Jiċċelebra Għeluq Sninu Il-President Emeritu Dr Ugo Mifsud Bonnici - Jagħlaq 92 Sena!". Gwida.mt (in Maltese). 8 November 2024. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
48. "내일 김대중 서거 16주기 추모식…여야 정치권 참석". Nate (in Korean). 17 August 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
49. "23rd Orange Walk Buffalo Scout Group: 3rd Investiture Ceremony". Belize Scout Foundation. 11 January 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
50. "Myanmar's old army leader calls on China to help restore stability". Radio Free Asia. 15 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
51. ""Proffen waren een wandelend standbeeld, meisjes in de aula curieuze wezens": de studententijd in Leuven van ex-premier Mark Eyskens (91)". HLN (in West Flemish). 13 January 2025. Retrieved 23 August 2025.
52. "Deve Gowda slams Congress leaders for echoing Donald Trump's remark". New Indian Express. 1 August 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
53. "Eski TBMM başkanlarından çağrı: Yargı bağımsız ve tarafsız olmalı; İmamoğlu tutuksuz yargılanmalı". T24 (in Turkish). 5 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
54. "В Монголии ветеранам устроили торжественный прием в честь Дня Победы". Tass (in Russian). 9 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
55. "Mingob suma aliados para fortalecer el Sistema Penitenciario". Ministerio de Gobierno (in Spanish). 5 September 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
56. "«Womöglich reichen 120'000 Mann nicht mehr»: Ex-Verteidigungsminister Arnold Koller (91) schaltet sich in Armee-Debatte ein". Zofinger Tagblatt (in Swiss High German). 29 March 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
57. "Szakmáron tett magánlátogatást Szűrös Mátyás, hazánk első köztársasági elnöke". KALOhírek (in Hungarian). 13 May 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
58. "الرئيس ميشال عون شارك وباسيل في قداس مار يوسف في حارة حريك: سنبقى نلتقي!". Tayyar (in Arabic). 23 March 2025. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
59. "Expresidentes de Costa Rica: "Violeta Barrios de Chamorro sirvió con valentía, dedicación y honradez"". Darío Medios Internacional (in Spanish). 14 June 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
60. "Japan's former Emperor Akihito hospitalized to adjust his heart medication". Associated Press. 14 July 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
61. "Exprezident Rudolf Schuster: Môj recept na dlhovekosť! A prečo som 91 rokov oslávil v tichosti". Plus jeden deň (in Slovak). 21 March 2025. Retrieved 23 August 2025.
62. "Former PM Chrétien misses throne speech due to minor heart surgery". CityNews Toronto. 27 May 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
63. "Édith Cresson : « Il n'y a plus de Parti socialiste ! »". Paris Match (in French). 25 January 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
64. "Malta Celebrates Former Prime Minister Eddie Fenech Adami's 91st Birthday". Lovin' Malta. 7 February 2025. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
65. "Cérémonie de remise du Prix Hannibal pour la promotion des études stratégiques". Caisse des dépôts et consignations en Tunisie (in French). 31 May 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
66. "'Make merry while we still can': Ex-crew members of SIA and its predecessor get together". The Straits Times. 29 April 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
67. "Malecela: CCM first female presidential candidate comes at right time". Daily News. 14 April 2025. Retrieved 19 April 2025.
68. "Cape Verde's first prime minister reflects on struggle for independence". The Bay State Banner. 25 June 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
69. "신임 이기우 국학원장 "국학원을 모든 국민이 뿌리 찾는 영혼의 고향으로!"". Korean Spirit (in Korean). 16 June 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
70. "Samdech Heng Samrin Bids Farewell to Timor-Leste Ambassador". Myanmar Inquirer. 25 June 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
71. "Time for girls to take the lead – Justice Byer". Searchlight. 26 February 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
72. "Belgium's King Albert, 91, undergoes cancer treatment for sixth time". New York Post. 8 July 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
73. "Gendarmerie nationale : Ils étaient 46 emprisonnés en 2020". Midi Madagasikara (in French). 6 January 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2025.
74. "Entrevista con Ricardo de la Espriella". Manuel Alcántara Sáez (in Spanish). 15 April 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
75. "Organisation of Turkic States' council of elders meets in Kyrenia". Cyprus Mail. 3 May 2025. Retrieved 23 August 2025.
76. "Nigeria ex-military leader for first time admits regret over cancelled poll". BBC News. 21 February 2025. Retrieved 27 February 2025.
77. "Hallå där, Ingvar Carlsson!". Tyresö Nyheter (in Swedish). 28 April 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
78. "Green slams lack of probe into Greaves NY transaction". Stabroek News. 12 March 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
79. "« Attaque lâche, barbare et insoutenable » : attristé, Soglo sonne la révolte contre les terroristes au Bénin". Banouto (in French). 22 April 2025. Retrieved 22 July 2025.
80. "Celebrating Pratibha Patil's Birthday: A Tribute to India's First Female President". Important Days Hub. 19 December 2024. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
81. "Stjepan Mesić Named Honorary Citizen of Gjilan, Haziri Highlights Rugova's Role". RKS News. 6 June 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
82. "Ramalho Eanes, antigo presidente da República, sofre acidente de viação — Veja aqui as imagens". Fama Show (in Portuguese). 17 July 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
83. "Artur Rasizadənin səhhəti PİSLƏŞDİ". Demokrat.az (in Azerbaijani). 13 February 2025. Retrieved 26 February 2025.
84. "الرئيس علي ناصر يزور المناضلين باسندوه وانيس حسن يحيى والنائب البرلماني الدكتور مهدي عبدالسلام للاطمئنان على صحتهم". Adngad.net (in Arabic). 27 June 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
85. "Leaders remember Rod Carnegie, the man who shaped Australia". Financial Review. 1 August 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
86. "PJ Patterson calls for Africa-Caribbean economic revolution at Afreximbank Annual Meeting". Jamaica Observer. 25 June 2025. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
87. "Шаравын Гунгаадоржид Монгол Улсын Хөдөлмөрийн баатар цол хүртээлээ". Somin.MN (in Mongolian). 27 December 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
88. "New acquisitions at the BCU (November 2021)". Butlletí UdA (in Catalan). 2 November 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
89. "Réformes constitutionnelles en RDC : Les anciens PM Kengo, Mabi, Likulia, Muzito et Badibanga apportent de l'eau au moulin de Fatshi". Scoop RDC (in French). 17 January 2025. Retrieved 13 September 2025.
90. "شاه علی اکبر شهرستانی محقق و زبانشناس برجسته افغانستانی در لندن درگذشت". Did Press (in Persian). 7 November 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
91. "Ex-PM Jim Bolger on handling kidney failure, David Seymour, and turning 90". The New Zealand Herald. 28 May 2025. Retrieved 28 May 2025.
92. "Lee Hoi-chang (89), former president of the Grand National Party (former of the people's power), has been reported". Maeil Business Newspaper. 6 June 2024. Retrieved 31 December 2024.
93. "Rodrigo Borja, expresidente y referente de la socialdemocracia en Ecuador, cumple 90 años". Ecuavisa (in Spanish). 19 June 2025. Retrieved 22 June 2025.
94. "Homenagem em Lisboa à casa que uniu líderes da libertação africana". Téla Nón (in Portuguese). 11 July 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
95. "Oudpresident Pohamba is vandag 90". Kosmos 94.1 (in Afrikaans). 18 August 2025. Retrieved 18 August 2025.
96. "Sénégal : Abdou Diouf célébré pour ses 90 ans". TV5MONDE Afrique (in French). 7 September 2025. Retrieved 7 September 2025.
97. "Saint-Germain-des-Prés. De nombreuses décorations lors des vœux du maire". La Dépêche (in French). 5 February 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2025.
98. "Mahmoud Abbas says Hamas will not rule post-war Gaza during meeting with Tony Blair". Middle East Eye. 14 July 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
99. "Adnan Badran: Arab Education Needs a Peaceful Revolution Rooted in Innovation and Driven by Scientific Research". University of Petra. 12 May 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
100. "City councillor Schreyer dies suddenly; colleagues in shock, mayor says". Winnipeg Free Press. 30 April 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
101. "Saudi King Salman, MBS lead Eid al-Fitr prayers". Al Arabiya. 30 March 2025. Retrieved 13 May 2025.
102. "Major Illness Said To Incapacitate Syrian President". The Washington Post. 6 December 1983. Retrieved 7 April 2025.
103. Seale, Patrick (8 February 1989). "Chapter 24: Brothers's war". Asad: The Struggle for the Middle East. University of California Press. p. 427. ISBN 978-0520069763.
104. "أشهر رؤساء حكومات حافظ الأسد ينعى ابن أخيه". Zaman Alwsl (in Arabic). 29 January 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
105. "San Marino. Il sammarinese Severino Tura presente alla Reggenza il suo libro "E borg" sui soprannomi dei borghigiani". GiornaleSM (in Italian). 7 August 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
106. "مبادرة جديدة برئاسة الجزولي دفع الله لوقف الحرب في السودان". Radio Dabanga (in Arabic). 29 August 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2025.
107. "ما السبب؟.. وزير التجارة يكرّم علي هارون". Awras (in Arabic). 4 March 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
108. "Roll of The Honourables". Government of New Zealand. 10 July 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
109. "UWI principal challenges timekeeper Michael Williams to fix clock for free". Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. 9 October 2022. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
110. "Plavšić: Serbs need unity". Srna. 1 January 2025. Retrieved 7 July 2025.
111. "Patrick Henzel neuer Ritter". Frankfurter Neuse Presse (in German). 9 June 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
112. "Dr Karan Singh inaugurates J&K art exhibition at Kala Kendra, Jammu". Rising Kashmir. 6 March 2025. Retrieved 6 March 2025.
113. "Il Senato ripristina i vitalizi per i vecchi senatori. Anche per il condannato erede di Berlusconi, Dell'Utri". Domani (in Italian). 7 July 2023. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
114. "Khairpur's 'last princess' passes away in Karachi". Dawn. 8 February 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
115. "Who oversees the conclave to determine the next pope?". NBC New York. 21 April 2025. Retrieved 21 April 2025.
116. "Decret No. 2000-62" (PDF). Le Président de la République du Congo (in French). 13 April 2000. Retrieved 25 August 2025.
117. "65e anniversaire de l'indépendance : les Congolais renouent avec le défilé civil et militaire". Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale (in French). 16 August 2025. Retrieved 25 August 2025.
118. "ISTORIA FĂRĂ PERDEA Marius Oprea / Încă o enigmă a Revoluţiei: Dumitru Mazilu, omul care s-a împotrivit "comunismului cu faţă umană" şi "ajutorului sovietic"". Mediafax (in Romanian). 24 December 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
119. "García Meza en su carta: "Todo lo que pasó el año 80, no toda la culpa es mía"". Bolivia en tus manos (in Spanish). 30 April 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
120. "Italy – Fraternal Meeting of the Rector Major with Several Salesian Cardinals". ANS. 12 May 2025. Retrieved 24 August 2025.
121. "De Siles a Arce, tres sucesiones y ruptura constitucional de 2019". La Razón Digital Bolivia (in Spanish). 10 October 2023. Retrieved 20 November 2024.
122. "Früherer Nuntius in Deutschland Kardinal Giovanni Lajolo wird 90". Domradio (in German). 3 January 2025. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
123. "New MEPs Fitzgerald and Kelleher pick up thousands in pension payments". Newstalk. 15 August 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
124. "Dalai Lama turns 90, gets global support in challenge for China". Reuters. 6 July 2025. Retrieved 6 July 2025.
125. "Kültür Dairesi Müdürü Şirin Zaimağaoğlu Hakkı Atun ve Burhan Atun'u ziyaret etti". Haber Kibris (in Turkish). 9 January 2025. Retrieved 23 April 2025.
126. "'This is for Niue' Hon. Young Vivian on being awarded the Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to Niue". Television Niue. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 24 April 2025.

External links

• United Nations—a list of heads of state, heads of government, and foreign ministers
• WorldStatesmen—an online encyclopedia of the leaders of nations and territories