1855 New Zealand general election

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1855 general election
Flag of New Zealand.svg
  1853 26 October – 28 December 1855 1860–61  

All 37 seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives
 First party
  Henry Sewell, ca 1872.jpg
Leader Henry Sewell
Party Independent
Leader's seat Town of Christchurch
Last election37 seats
Seats won37
Seat changeSteady2.svg

Premier before election

Office Established

Subsequent Premier

Henry Sewell
Independent

The 1855 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 2nd term. It was the second national election ever held in New Zealand, and the first one which elected a Parliament that had full authority to govern the colony.

Contents

Background

The first New Zealand elections had been held after the passage of the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The 1st Parliament did not have the ability to appoint the executive branch (Cabinet) of the New Zealand government, however, and a major dispute arose between Parliament and the Governor. In the 2nd Parliament, Parliament gained the powers it sought for this reason, some see the 1855 elections, not the 1853 elections, as the beginning of New Zealand democracy.

At the time of the 1855 elections, there were no political parties in New Zealand. As such, all candidates were independents. Governments were formed based on loose coalitions, with prospective Prime Ministers needing to seek support from enough individual MPs to command a majority. This means that nobody could truly be said to have "won" an election a government usually rose or fell based on its ability to make deals with MPs, not on election results.

The election

In the 1855 elections, voting occurred on a different day for each individual seat. The first seat was elected on 26 October, and the final seat was elected on 28 December. An estimated 9,891 people were eligible to vote, although records are poor for some areas. The number of electoral districts was 24, with some districts electing multiple MPs. The total number of seats was 37. [1] Some parts of the colony were not part of any district, and did not have representation in Parliament. [2]

Results

NewZealandElectorates1853-Labeled.png

MemberElectorateProvinceMP's termElection date
John Cuff Akaroa CanterburyFirst28 December [3]
John Logan Campbell City of Auckland AucklandFirst27 October [4]
Thomas Beckham City of Auckland Auckland First27 October [5]
William Daldy City of Auckland AucklandFirst27 October [3]
Frederick Merriman Auckland Suburbs AucklandSecond27 October [6]
Walter Brodie Auckland Suburbs AucklandFirst27 October [7]
Hugh Carleton Bay of Islands AucklandSecond24 November [4]
Dingley Brittin Christchurch Country Canterbury First20 December [7]
John Hall Christchurch Country CanterburyFirst20 December [8]
Henry Sewell Town of Christchurch CanterburySecond18 December [9]
John Cargill Dunedin Country Otago Second11 December [4]
William Cargill Dunedin Country OtagoFirst11 December [4]
James Macandrew Town of Dunedin OtagoSecond11 December [10]
Charles Brown Grey and Bell New Plymouth First8 November [7]
Alfred Ludlam Hutt WellingtonSecond16 November [11]
Dillon Bell Hutt Wellington First16 November [5]
James FitzGerald Town of Lyttelton CanterburySecond21 December [12]
Charles Parker Motueka and Massacre Bay NelsonFirst8 November [13]
Alfred Domett Town of Nelson Nelson First12 November [14]
Edward Stafford Town of Nelson NelsonFirst12 November [15]
William Richmond Town of New Plymouth New PlymouthFirst5 November [16]
Thomas Henderson Northern Division AucklandFirst27 October [17]
Walter Lee Northern Division AucklandSecond27 October [11]
Alfred East Omata New PlymouthFirst10 November [14]
John Williamson Pensioner Settlements AucklandFirst27 October [18]
Joseph Greenwood Pensioner Settlements AucklandSecond27 October [19]
Charles Taylor Southern Division AucklandSecond26 October [20]
Robert Graham Southern Division AucklandFirst26 October [19]
Charles Elliott Waimea NelsonFirst5 November [21]
William Travers Waimea NelsonSecond5 November [21]
John Smith Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay WellingtonFirst26 November [22]
William Wells Wairau NelsonFirst19 November [23]
William Fox Wanganui and Rangitikei WellingtonFirst27 November [24]
Charles Clifford City of Wellington WellingtonSecond13 November [25]
Isaac Featherston City of Wellington WellingtonSecond13 November [26]
William Fitzherbert City of Wellington WellingtonFirst13 November [12]
Dudley Ward Wellington Country WellingtonFirst15 November [27]

Notes

  1. "General elections 1853–2005 – dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 14 November 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
  2. Wilson 1985.
  3. 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 102.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Scholefield 1950, p. 99.
  5. 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 95.
  6. Scholefield 1950, p. 126.
  7. 1 2 3 Scholefield 1950, p. 97.
  8. Scholefield 1950, p. 111.
  9. Scholefield 1950, p. 138.
  10. Scholefield 1950, p. 121.
  11. 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 120.
  12. 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 106.
  13. Scholefield 1950, p. 131.
  14. 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 104.
  15. Scholefield 1950, p. 140.
  16. Scholefield 1950, p. 136.
  17. Scholefield 1950, p. 113.
  18. Scholefield 1950, p. 148.
  19. 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 109.
  20. Scholefield 1950, p. 143.
  21. 1 2 "Election of members to represent the Waimea districts". Nelson Examiner and New Zealand Chronicle. Vol. XIV. 7 November 1855. p. 2. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
  22. Scholefield 1950, p. 139.
  23. Scholefield 1950, p. 147.
  24. Scholefield 1950, p. 107.
  25. Scholefield 1950, p. 100.
  26. Scholefield 1950, p. 105.
  27. Scholefield 1950, p. 146.

References