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This is a list detailing the electoral history of the Libertarian Party in the United States, sorted by office. The list currently consists of candidates who ran for partisan office.
| Abbreviations and their definitions | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abbrev. | Definition | |||||||
| SE | Special election, or an election held to fill a political office that has become vacant between regularly scheduled elections. | |||||||
| BP | Blanket primary, or a primary where all candidates from all parties are on the same ballot, and those candidates that net the highest number of votes among those candidates of their own party advance to the general election. | |||||||
| RE | Recall election, a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before his or her term has ended. | |||||||
| W/I | Write-in candidate, with the abbreviation marked next to the vote total. These candidates did not appear upon the election ballot but were still eligible to receive votes by voters writing in the candidate's name. | |||||||
| (*) | The candidate, while a member of the party, was for some reason or another not able to get onto the ballot as a Libertarian. | |||||||
| 2008 National Committee Chairman balloting | 2008 National Committee Vice-Chairman balloting [1] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1st | 2nd | Candidates | 1st |
| Bill Redpath | 183 | 204 | Mike Jingozian | 224 |
| Ruth Bennett | 113 | 147 | Chuck Moulton | 137 |
| Ernest Hancock | 71 | - | None | 6 |
| None | 2 | 4 | ||
| JR Enfield | - | 1 | ||
| Vote total | 369 | 356 | Vote totals | 367 |
| Needed to nominate | 185 | 178 | Needed to nominate | 184 |
| 2010 National Committee Chairman balloting | 2010 National Committee Vice-Chairman balloting [2] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | Candidates | 1st |
| Mark Hinkle | 114 | 208 | 281 | Mark Rutherford | 285 |
| Wayne Allyn Root | 201 | 223 | 228 | Carolyn Marbry | 201 |
| Ernest Hancock | 82 | 89 | - | ||
| John Jay Myers | 70 | - | - | ||
| George Phillies | 56 | - | - | ||
| None | 10 | 9 | 19 | ||
| Vote total | 533 | 529 | 528 | Vote totals | 490 |
| Needed to nominate | 267 | 265 | 265 | Needed to nominate | 246 |
| 2012 National Committee Chairman balloting | 2012 National Committee Vice-Chairman balloting [3] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1st | 2nd | 2nd Adjusted | 2nd Revote | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | Candidates | 1st |
| Geoff Neale | - | - | - | - | 149 | 167 | 212 | 264 | R. Lee Wrights | 228 |
| Mark Rutherford | 228 | 269 | 270 | 278 | 153 | 155 | 205 | 5 | Bill Redpath | 179 |
| None | 101 | 273 | 266 | 277 | 13 | 12 | 29 | 159 | George Phillies | 20 |
| Mark Hinkle | 221 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | None | 6 |
| Bill Redpath | 1 | - | - | - | 128 | 119 | - | - | Mark Rutherford | 1 |
| Jennifer Lopez | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 2 | - | ||
| Emma Dearest | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | ||
| Sam Sloan | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total vote | 551 | 542 | 536 | 556 | 473 | 457 | 448 | 428 | Total vote | 434 |
| Needed to nominate | 276 | 272 | 269 | 278 | 237 | 229 | 225 | 215 | Needed to nominate | 218 |
Other 2012 Chairman candidates were:
Other 2012 Vice-Chairman candidates were:
| Year | Presidential nominee | Home state | Previous positions | Vice presidential nominee | Home state | Previous positions | Votes | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1972 |  John Hospers |  California | Philosopher |  Tonie Nathan |  Oregon | Radio producer | 3,674 (nil%) 1 EV | [4] |
| 1976 |  Roger MacBride |  Virginia | Member of the Vermont House of Representatives (1963–1965) Candidate for Governor of Vermont (1964) |  David Bergland | California | Nominee for Attorney General of California (1974) | 172,553 (0.2%) 0 EV | |
| 1980 |  Ed Clark | California | Candidate for Governor of California (1978) |  David Koch |  New York | Businessman | 921,128 (1.1%) 0 EV | |
| 1984 | David Bergland | California | Nominee for Vice President of the United States (1976) Chair of the Libertarian National Committee (1977–1981) Nominee for California's 38th State Senate district (1978) Nominee for United States Senator from California (1980) |  James A. Lewis |  Connecticut | Member of the Libertarian National Committee (1981–1983) Nominee for United States Senator from Connecticut (1982) | 228,111 (0.2%) 0 EV | |
| 1988 |  Ron Paul (campaign) |  Texas | Member of the United States House of Representatives from Texas's 22nd district (1976–1977; 1979–1985) Candidate for United States Senator from Texas (1984) |  Andre Marrou |  Alaska | Member of the Alaska House of Representatives (1985–1987) | 431,750 (0.5%) 0 EV | |
| 1992 | Andre Marrou | Alaska | Member of the Alaska House of Representatives (1985–1987) Nominee for Vice President of the United States (1988) | Nancy Lord |  Nevada | Nominee for Mayor of the District of Columbia (1990) | 290,087 (0.3%) 0 EV | |
| 1996 |  Harry Browne |  Tennessee | Writer |  Jo Jorgensen |  South Carolina | Academic Nominee for South Carolina's 4th congressional district (1992) | 485,759 (0.5%) 0 EV | |
| 2000 | Harry Browne (campaign) | Tennessee | Nominee for President of the United States (1996) |  Art Olivier | California | Nominee for California's 54th State Assembly district (1990) Member of the Bellflower City Council (1994–1999) Mayor of Bellflower (1998–1999) | 384,431 (0.4%) 0 EV | [5] |
| 2004 |  Michael Badnarik (campaign) | Texas | Nominee for Texas's 47th State House of Representatives district (2000) Nominee for Texas's 48th State House district (2002) |  Richard Campagna |  Iowa | Nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa (2002) | 397,265 (0.3%) 0 EV | |
| 2008 |  Bob Barr (campaign) |  Georgia | United States Attorney for the Northern District of Georgia (1986–1990) Member of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia's 7th district (1995–2003) | Wayne Allyn Root | Nevada | Radio host Candidate for the 8th district of the Westchester County Board of Legislators (1983) | 523,713 (0.4%) 0 EV | |
| 2012 |  Gary Johnson (campaign) |  New Mexico | Governor of New Mexico (1995–2003) |  Jim Gray | California | Nominee for United States Senator from California (2004) Member of the Libertarian Party Judicial Committee (2010–2012) | 1,275,923 (1.0%) 0 EV | |
| 2016 | Gary Johnson (campaign) | New Mexico | Governor of New Mexico (1995–2003) Nominee for President of the United States (2012) |  Bill Weld | New York | United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts (1981–1986) United States Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division (1986–1988) Governor of Massachusetts (1991–1997) Republican nominee for United States Senator from Massachusetts (1996) Candidate for Governor of New York (2006) | 4,489,233 (3.3%) 0 EV 1 EV for Ron Paul [lower-alpha 1] | [7] |
| 2020 |  Jo Jorgensen (campaign) | South Carolina | Academic Nominee for Vice President of the United States (1996) |  Spike Cohen | South Carolina | Podcaster and businessman | 1,865,724 (1.2%) 0 EV | [8] |
| 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1984 | 1988 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2012 | 2016 [9] [10] | 2020 [11] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| States | 2 | 32(and DC) | 50(and DC) | 38(and DC) | 46(and DC) | 50(and DC) | 50(and DC) | 50(and DC) | 48(and DC) | 45 | 48(and DC) | 50(and DC) | 50(and DC) | |
| Electoral votes | 16 | 341 | 538 | 403 | 496 | 538 | 538 | 538 | 527 | 503 | 514 | 538 | 538 | |
| % of population (EVs) | - | - | 100% (100%) | - | - | 100% (100%) | 100% (100%) | 100% (100%) | - | 95% (93%) | 95% (96%) | 100% (100%) | 100% (100%) | |
| Alabama | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Alaska | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Arizona | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Arkansas | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| California | (Write-in) | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Colorado | On ballot | |||||||||||||
| Connecticut | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||
| Delaware | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Florida | Not on ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | |||||||||
| Georgia | Not on ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | |||||||||
| Hawaii | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Idaho | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Illinois | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Indiana | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Iowa | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Kansas | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Kentucky | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Louisiana | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Maine | (Write-in) | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | ||||||||
| Maryland | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Massachusetts | (Write-in) | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Michigan | Not on ballot | On ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Minnesota | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Mississippi | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Missouri | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | |||||||||
| Montana | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Nebraska | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Nevada | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| New Hampshire | Not on ballot | On ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | ||||||||||
| New Jersey | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| New Mexico | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| New York | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| North Carolina | Not on ballot | On ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | ||||||||||
| North Dakota | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Ohio | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Oklahoma | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Oregon | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Rhode Island | (Write-in) | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| South Carolina | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| South Dakota | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Tennessee | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Texas | Not on ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | |||||||||
| Utah | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Vermont | Not on ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | |||||||||||
| Virginia | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
| Washington | On ballot | |||||||||||||
| West Virginia | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||
| Wisconsin | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||||
| Wyoming | Not on ballot | (Write-in) | On ballot | |||||||||||
| District of Columbia | Not on ballot | On ballot | Not on ballot | On ballot | ||||||||||
Candidates seeking to win the Libertarian Party nominations either for president or vice president must gather thirty "tokens", or supporting delegates, and their votes in order to be put onto the actual nominating ballot. However, that still does not prevent write-in votes when the balloting is being held.
| 1996 Libertarian presidential nomination vote | 1996 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [12] | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1st ballot | Candidates | 1st ballot |
| Harry Browne | 416 | Jo Jorgensen | 459 |
| Rick Tompkins | 74 | None | 36 |
| None | 60 | ||
| Irwin Schiff | 32 | ||
| Doug Ohmen | 20 | ||
| Scatter | 3 | ||
| Total vote | 605 | Total vote | 495 |
| Needed to nominate | 303 | Needed to nominate | 248 |
Note: Jo Jorgensen was nominated by a voice vote.
| 2000 Libertarian presidential nomination vote | 2000 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [13] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | 1st ballot | Candidates | 1st ballot | 2nd ballot |
| Harry Browne | 493 | Art Olivier | 333 | 418 |
| Don Gorman | 166 | Steve Kubby | 303 | 338 |
| Jacob G. Hornberger | 120 | Ken Krawchuk | 70 | - |
| Barry Hess | 53 | Don Gorman | 29 | - |
| None | 23 | None | 10 | - |
| Dave Hollist | 8 | Gail Lightfoot | 7 | - |
| Scatter | 6 | Scatter | 7 | - |
| L. Neil Smith | 5 | |||
| Richard Boddie | 2 | |||
| George W. Bush | 1 | |||
| Russell Means | 1 | |||
| Total vote | 877 | Total vote | 759 | 756 |
| Needed to nominate | 439 | Needed to nominate | 380 | 379 |
| 2004 Libertarian presidential nomination vote | 2004 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [14] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot | 2nd ballot | 3rd ballot | Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot |
| Michael Badnarik | 89 | 256 | 249 | 423 | Richard Campagna | 40 | 353 |
| Aaron Russo | 63 | 258 | 285 | 344 | Tamara Millay | 40 | 220 |
| Gary Nolan | 107 | 246 | 244 | - | Garrett Hayes | 40 | 36 |
| None | - | 10 | 5 | 11 | None | - | 10 |
| Jeffrey Diket | 72 | 4 | - | - | Scott Jameson | 39 | 7 |
| Drew Carey | - | 3 | - | - | |||
| Dave Hollist | 39 | 1 | - | - | |||
| Jim Burns | 72 | - | - | - | |||
| Total vote | 513 | 778 | 783 | 778 | Total vote | 159 | 626 |
| Needed to nominate | 30 | 390 | 392 | 390 | Needed to nominate | 30 | 314 |
Note: Jim Burns withdrew himself from consideration four hours before the balloting for the presidential nomination began.
| 2008 Libertarian presidential nomination vote | 2008 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [1] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot | 2nd ballot | 3rd ballot | 4th ballot | 5th ballot | 6th Ballot | Candidates | 1st ballot | 2nd ballot |
| Bob Barr | 94 | 153 | 188 | 186 | 202 | 229 | 324 | Wayne Allyn Root | 276 | 289 |
| Mary Ruwart | 94 | 152 | 162 | 186 | 202 | 223 | 276 | Steve Kubby | 209 | 259 |
| Wayne Allyn Root | 94 | 123 | 138 | 146 | 149 | 165 | - | Dan Williams | 40 | 10 |
| Mike Gravel | 67 | 71 | 73 | 78 | 76 | - | - | Jim Burns | 20 | - |
| George Phillies | 62 | 49 | 36 | 31 | - | - | - | Gail Lightfoot | 15 | - |
| Steve Kubby | 60 | 41 | 32 | - | - | - | - | Leonard Schwartz | 1 | - |
| Michael Jingozian | 63 | 23 | 1 | - | - | - | - | None | 2 | 6 |
| Christine Smith | 36 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | Mary Ruwart | 1 | 1 |
| None | - | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 26 | Mike Ferguson | 1 | 1 |
| Ron Paul | - | 6 | 3 | 1 | - | - | 1 | Richard | - | 1 |
| Penn Jillette | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| William Koehler | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Daniel Imperato | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Jesse Ventura | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Stephen Kolbert | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Ralph Nader | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | |||
| Total vote | ? | 631 | 636 | 630 | 632 | 623 | 628 | Total vote | 565 | 567 |
| Needed to nominate | 30 | 316 | 319 | 316 | 317 | 312 | 315 | Needed to nominate | 283 | 284 |
| 2012 Libertarian presidential nomination vote | 2012 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [3] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot | Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot |
| Gary Johnson | 264 | 419 | Jim Gray | 242 | 357 |
| R. Lee Wrights | 127 | 152 | R. Lee Wrights | 120 | 229 |
| Jim Burns | 35 | 12 | None | - | 7 |
| Carl Person | 31 | 3 | Jim Burns | 31 | 6 |
| Sam Sloan | 12 | 2 | Sam Sloan | 10 | 1 |
| Max Abramson | - | 2 | Gary Johnson | 6 | - |
| Ron Paul | 1 | 1 | Carl Person | 3 | - |
| Wayne Allyn Root | - | 1 | Pat Dixon | 2 | - |
| Rita Nunez Neumann | 4 | - | Rita Nunez Neumann | 2 | - |
| James Ogle | 2 | - | James Ogle | 2 | - |
| Jim Duensing | 1 | - | Wayne Allyn Root | 2 | - |
| Roger Gary | 1 | - | Roger Gary | 1 | - |
| James P. Gray | 1 | - | Lenore Hawkins | 1 | - |
| Lori Sunthonchart | 1 | - | Jim Jones | 1 | - |
| Joy Waymire | 1 | - | Steve Mankowski | 1 | - |
| John Monds | 1 | - | |||
| Bill Redpath | 1 | - | |||
| Joy Waymire | 1 | - | |||
| Total vote | 481 | 595 | Total vote | 427 | 600 |
| Needed to nominate | 30 | 298 | Needed to nominate | 30 | 301 |
| 2016 Libertarian presidential nomination vote | 2016 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [15] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot | Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot |
| Gary Johnson | 458 | 518 | Bill Weld | 426 | 441 |
| Austin Petersen | 197 | 203 | Larry Sharpe | 264 | 409 |
| John McAfee | 131 | 131 | None | 6 | 12 |
| Darryl Perry | 63 | 52 | Derrick Grayson | 48 | 9 |
| Marc A. Feldman | 58 | 18 | Mary Ruwart | 1 | |
| None | 5 | 2 | Alicia Dearn | 29 | |
| Kevin McCormick | 9 | 1 | Daniel Hogan | 1 | |
| Derrick Grayson | 1 | 1 | Austin Petersen | 1 | |
| Michael Shannon | 1 | Gary Johnson | 1 | ||
| Rhett Smith | 1 | ||||
| Ron Paul | 1 | ||||
| Vermin Supreme | 1 | ||||
| Heidi Zemen | 1 | ||||
| Total Vote | 925 | 928 | Total Vote | 869 | 872 |
| Needed to Nominate | 30 | 465 | Needed to Nominate | 30 | 437 |
Gary Johnson (36) Austin Petersen (9) John McAfee (3) No vote (1) Tie (4) |
| 2020 Libertarian presidential nomination vote [16] | 2020 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [17] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot | 2nd ballot | 3rd ballot | 4th ballot | Candidates | Token count | 1st ballot | 2nd ballot | 3rd ballot |
| Jo Jorgensen | 193 | 248 | 339 | 390 | 524 | Spike Cohen | 302 | 416 | 474 | 533 |
| Jacob Hornberger | 218 | 236 | 257 | 264 | 285 | John Monds | 296 | 322 | 432 | 472 |
| Vermin Supreme | 103 | 171 | 184 | 188 | 206 | Ken Armstrong | 115 | 180 | 96 | 1 |
| John Monds | 95 | 147 | 169 | 174 | 1 | Adam Kokesh | 69 | 87 | 4 | 3 |
| Jim Gray | 89 | 98 | 64 | None | 7 | 12 | 10 | |||
| Adam Kokesh | 58 | 77 | 6 | 1 | 1 | John McAfee | 6 | 3 | ||
| None | 8 | 6 | 7 | 4 | Nicholas Sarwark | 20 | 3 | |||
| Nicholas Sarwark | 6 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Justin Amash | 1 | 1 | ||
| Sorinne Ardeleanu | 9 | 2 | 1 | Sorinne Ardeleanu | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| John Ammens | 1 | Julian Assange | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Ryan Graham | 1 | Rhett Boogie | 1 | |||||||
| Godzilla | 1 | Michael Cordova | 1 | |||||||
| Laura Ebke | 1 | Laura Ebke | 1 | |||||||
| Justin Amash | 27 | 17 | 1 | Michael Kalagias | 1 | |||||
| Darryl Perry | 1 | Ron Paul | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Arvin Vohra | 27 | 3 | Edward Snowden | 1 | 2 | |||||
| Edward Snowden | 2 | Chris Spangle | 2 | |||||||
| Rhett Boogie | 1 | Vermin Supreme | 7 | 1 | ||||||
| Lincoln Chafee | 1 | Larry Sharpe | 21 | |||||||
| John Stossel | 1 | Zoltan Istvan | 7 | |||||||
| Dan Behrman | 18 | Jim Gray | 6 | |||||||
| Sam Robb | 14 | Sam Robb | 5 | |||||||
| Kim Ruff | 11 | Tulsi Gabbard | 2 | |||||||
| Spike Cohen | 7 | Michael Heise | 2 | |||||||
| Larry Sharpe | 4 | |||||||||
| Total Vote | 879 | 1,017 | 1,028 | 1,206 | 1,026 | Total Vote | 874 | 1,024 | 1,025 | 1,022 |
| Needed to Nominate | 30 | 509 | 515 | 514 | 514 | Needed to Nominate | 30 | 513 | 513 | 512 |
| Arizona Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1976 | Allan Norwitz | 7,310 | 1.0 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [18] | |||
| 1982 | Randall Clamons | 20,100 | 2.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [19] | |||
| 1988 | Rick Tompkins | 20,849 | 1.8 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [20] | |||
| 1994 | Scott Grainger | 75,493 | 6.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [21] | |||
| 2000 | Barry Hess | 70,724 | 5.1 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [22] | |||
| 2006 | Richard Mack | 48,231 | 3.2 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [23] | |||
| 2012 | Marc Victor | 102,109 | 4.6 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [24] | |||
| California Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1976 | Lynn Kinsky | 907 (W/I) | 0 / 100 | 6th of 9 | [25] | |||
| 1982 | Joseph Fuhrig | 107,720 | 1.4 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [26] | |||
| 1988 | Jack Dean | 79,997 | 0.8 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [27] | |||
| 1992 SE | Richard B. Boddie | 247,799 | 2.3 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [28] | |||
| 1994 | Richard B. Boddie | 179,100 | 2.1 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [29] | |||
| 2000 | Gail K. Lightfoot | 187,718 | 1.8 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [30] | |||
| 2006 | Michael Metti | 133,851 | 1.6 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [31] | |||
| 2012 BP | Gail K. Lightfoot | 101,648 | 2.1 / 100 | 9th of 24 | [32] | |||
| 2018 BP | Derrick M. Reid | 59,999 | 0.9 / 100 | 15th of 32 | [33] | |||
| Connecticut Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1982 | James A. Lewis | 8,163 | 0.8 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [34] | |||
| 1988 | Howard A. Grayson Jr. | 12,409 | 0.9 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [35] | |||
| 2000 | Wildey J. Moore | 8,773 | 0.7 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [36] | |||
| 2012 | Paul Passarelli | 25,045 | 1.7 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [37] | |||
| 2018 | Richard Lion | 8,838 | 0.6 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [38] | |||
| Massachusetts Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1982 | Howard S. Katz | 18,878 | 0.9 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [39] | |||
| 1988 | Freda Lee Nason | 13,199 | 0.5 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [40] | |||
| 1994 | Lauraleigh Dozier | 14,484 | 0.7 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [41] | |||
| 2000 | Carla Howell | 308,748 | 11.9 / 100 | 3rd of 6 | [42] | |||
| 2010 SE | Joseph L. Kennedy | 22,388 | 1.0 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [43] | |||
| Montana Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1982 | Larry Dodge | 12,412 | 3.9 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [44] | |||
| Nevada Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1976 | Dan Becan | 2,307 | 1.1 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [45] | |||
| 1988 | James Frye | 5,523 | 1.6 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [46] | |||
| 1994 | Bob Days | 5,964 | 1.6 / 100 | 5th of 6 | [47] | |||
| 2000 | J. J. Johnson | 5,395 | 0.9 / 100 | 5th of 7 | [48] | |||
| 2006 | Brenda Trainer | 5,269 | 0.9 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [49] | |||
| 2018 | Tim Hagan | 9,196 | 1.0 / 100 | 4th of 5 | ||||
| New Mexico Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 2018 | Gary Johnson | 107,201 | 15.4 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| Texas Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1982 | John E. Ford | 23,494 | 0.8 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | ||||
| 1988 | Jeff Daiell | 44,572 | 0.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 1994 | Pierre Blondeau | 36,107 | 0.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 2000 | Mary J. Ruwart | 72,657 | 1.2 / 100 | 4th of 4 | ||||
| 2006 | Scott L. Jameson | 97,672 | 2.3 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 2012 | John J. Myers | 162,354 | 2.1 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | ||||
| 2018 | Neal Dikeman | 65,470 | 0.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| Alaska Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 2002 | Leonard J. Karpinski | 2,354 | 1.0 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [50] | |||
| 2008 | Fredrick D. Haase | 2,483 | 0.8 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [51] | |||
| 2014 | Mark Fish | 10,512 | 3.7 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | ||||
| Arkansas Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 2014 | Nathan LaFrance | 17,210 | 2.0 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [52] | |||
| 2020 | Ricky Dale Harrington Jr. | 399,390 | 33.5 / 100 | 2nd of 2 | [53] | |||
| Kansas Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1984 | Douglas N. Merritt | 6,755 | 0.7 / 100 | 5th of 6 | [54] | |||
| 1996 | Steven Rosile | 13,098 | 1.3 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [54] | |||
| 2002 | Steven Rosile | 70,725 | 9.1 / 100 | 2nd of 3 | [55] | |||
| 2008 | Randall L. Hodgkinson | 25,727 | 2.1 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [56] | |||
| 2014 | Randall Batson | 37,469 | 4.3 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [57] | |||
| 2020 | Jason Buckley | 68,263 | 5.0 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [58] | |||
| Massachusetts Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 2002 | Michael Cloud | 369,807 | 18.4 / 100 | 2nd of 2 | [59] | |||
| 2008 | Robert J. Underwood | 93,713 | 3.1 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [60] | |||
| Texas Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1990 | Gary Johnson | 89,089 | 2.4 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [61] | |||
| 1996 | Michael Bird | 51,516 | 0.9 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [62] | |||
| 2002 | Scott Jameson | 35,538 | 0.8 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [63] | |||
| 2008 | Yvonne Adams Schick | 185,241 | 2.3 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 2014 | Rebecca Paddock | 133,751 | 2.9 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [64] | |||
| 2020 | Kerry McKennon | 209,722 | 1.9 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [64] | |||
| Alaska Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1986 BP | Chuck House | 4,265 | 2.9 / 100 | 3rd of 7 | [65] | |||
| 1986 | Chuck House | 3,161 | 1.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [66] | |||
| 1998 BP | Scott A. Kohlhaas | 1,987 | 1.9 / 100 | 6th of 6 | [67] | |||
| 1998 | Scott A. Kohlhaas | 5,046 | 2.3 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [68] | |||
| 2004 BP | Scott A. Kohlhaas | 402 | 0.9 / 100 | 6th of 7 | [69] | |||
| 2004 | Scott A. Kohlhaas | 1,240 | 0.4 / 100 | 6th of 7 | [70] | |||
| 2010 BP | Fredrick D. Haase | 5,793 | 16.1 / 100 | 2nd of 4 | [71] | |||
| 2010 | Fredrick D. Haase | 1,459 | 0.6 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [72] | |||
| 2016 | Joe Miller | 85,833 | 29.4 / 100 | 2nd of 4 | [73] | |||
| California Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1974 | Bill White | 791 (W/I) | 0 / 100 | 5th of 9 | [74] | |||
| 1980 | David Bergland | 202,481 | 2.4 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [75] | |||
| 1986 | Breck McKinley | 66,261 | 0.9 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [76] | |||
| 1992 | June R. Genis | 235,919 | 2.2 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [77] | |||
| 1998 | Ted Brown | 93,959 | 1.1 / 100 | 3rd of 7 | [78] | |||
| 2004 | Jim Gray | 216,522 | 1.8 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [79] | |||
| 2010 | Gail K. Lightfoot | 175,242 | 1.8 / 100 | 3rd of 6 | [80] | |||
| Indiana Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1986 | Bradford Warren | 8,314 | 0.5 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [81] | |||
| 1992 | Steve Dillon | 35,733 | 1.6 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [82] | |||
| 1998 | Rebecca Sink-Burris | 23,641 | 1.5 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [83] | |||
| 2004 | Albert Barger | 27,344 | 1.1 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [84] | |||
| 2010 | Rebecca Sink-Burris | 94,330 | 5.4 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [85] | |||
| 2016 | Lucy Brenton | 149,481 | 5.5 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [86] | |||
| Nevada Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1980 | Allen Hacker | 6,920 | 2.8 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [87] | |||
| 1986 | H. Kent Cromwell | 4,899 | 1.9 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [88] | |||
| 1992 | H. Kent Cromwell | 7,222 | 1.5 / 100 | 6th of 7 | [89] | |||
| 1998 | Michael Cloud | 8,044 | 1.9 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [90] | |||
| 2004 | Tom Hurst | 9,559 | 1.2 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [91] | |||
In April 2020, Representative Justin Amash from Michigan's 3rd congressional district became the first Libertarian member of Congress, after switching from the Republican Party and spending time as an independent. However, Amash has never been elected as a Libertarian, and did not seek re-election in 2020. [92]
| Libertarian Party U.S. House of Representatives elections | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Contests | # votes | % votes | Seats won | Notes | |||
| 1972 | 1 | 2,028 | 0 / 100 | 0 | [93] | |||
| 1974 | 1 | 3,099 | 0 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1976 | 37 | 71,791 | 0.1 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1978 | 20 | 64,310 | 0.1 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1980 | 112 | 568,131 | 0.7 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1982 | 148 | 462,767 | 0.7 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1984 | 97 | 275,865 | 0.3 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1986 | 47 | 121,076 | 0.2 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1988 | 90 | 445,708 | 0.6 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1990 | 47 | 396,131 | 0.6 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1992 | 111 | 848,614 | 0.9 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1994 | 76 | 415,944 | 0.6 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1996 | 157 | 651,448 | 0.7 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 1998 | 129 | 880,024 | 1.2 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2000 | 132 | 1,610,292 | 1.6 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2004 | 214 | 1,050,766 | 0.9 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2006 | 116 | 656,794 | 0.8 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2008 | 125 | 1,083,096 | 0.9 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2010 | 158 | 1,010,891 | 1.2 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2012 | 136 | 1,366,338 | 1.1 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2014 | 121 | 954,077 | 1.2 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2016 | 119 | 1,661,199 | 1.3 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2018 | 98 | 758,942 | 0.7 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| 2020 | 119 | 1,098,989 | 0.7 / 100 | 0 | ||||
| Alaska Libertarian Party House of Representatives candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | District | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | ||
| 1986 | At-large | Betty Breck | 4,182 | 2.3 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [94] | ||
| 2000 | Len Karpinski | 4,802 | 1.8 / 100 | 5th of 5 | ||||
| 2002 | Rob Clift | 3,797 | 1.7 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [95] | |||
| 2004 | Alvin Anders | 7,157 | 2.4 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [96] | |||
| 2006 | Alexander Crawford | 4,029 | 1.7 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [97] | |||
| 2012 | Jim McDermott | 15,028 | 5.2 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [98] | |||
| 2014 | Jim McDermott | 21,290 | 7.6 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [99] | |||
| 2016 | Jim McDermott | 31,770 | 10.3 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [100] | |||
| Nevada Libertarian Party House of Representatives candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | District | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | ||
| 1976 | At-large | Jim Burns | 2,825 | 1.4 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [101] | ||
| 1978 | At-large | Linda West | 6,029 | 3.2 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [102] | ||
| 1980 | At-large | Harry Joe Mangrum | 7,759 | 3.2 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [103] | ||
| 1984 | 1st | Joe Morris | 1,885 | 1.4 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [104] | ||
| 1986 | 1st | Gordon M. Morris | 2,145 | 1.9 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [105] | ||
| 1988 | 1st | Patrick O'Neill | 3,724 | 2.3 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [106] | ||
| 1990 | 1st | William Moore | 5,825 | 4.2 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [107] | ||
| 1992 | 1st | Scott A. Kjar | 8,993 | 4.1 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [108] | ||
| 1994 | 1st | Gary Wood | 6,065 | 4.0 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [109] | ||
| 1996 | 1st | James Dan | 3,341 | 1.9 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [110] | ||
| 1998 | 1st | Jim Burns | 5,292 | 3.3 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [111] | ||
| 2000 | 1st | Charles E. Schneider | 4,011 | 1.8 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [112] | ||
| 2004 | 1st | Jim Duensing | 5,862 | 2.9 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [113] | ||
| 2006 | 1st | Jim Duensing | 2,843 | 2.2 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [114] | ||
| 2008 | 1st | Jim Duensing | 4,528 | 2.0 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [115] | ||
| 2010 | 1st | Edward G. Klapproth | 2,118 | 1.3 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [116] | ||
| 2012 | 1st | William Pojunis | 4,645 | 2.6 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [117] | ||
| Washington Libertarian Party House of Representatives candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | District | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | ||
| 2002 | 1st | Mark Wilson | 6,251 | 3.1 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [118] | ||
| 2nd | Bruce Guthrie | 7,966 | 2.5 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | ||||
| 5th | Rob Chase | 10,379 | 5.1 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 6th | John Bennett | 8,744 | 4.5 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 7th | Stan Lippman | 8,447 | 4.0 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 8th | Mark Taff | 5,771 | 2.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 9th | J. Mills | 4,759 | 2.9 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | ||||
| 2004 | 1st | Charles Moore | 5,798 | 1.8 / 100 | 3rd of 3 | [119] | ||
| 2018 | 2nd | Brian Luke | 84,646 | 28.7 / 100 | 2nd of 2 | [93] | ||
| Alaska Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1982 | Dick Randolph | 29,067 | 14.9 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [120] | |||
| 1986 BP | Mary Jane O'Brannon | 205 | 0.1 / 100 | 12th of 15 | [121] | |||
| 1986 | Mary Jane O'Brannon | 1,050 | 0.6 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [122] | |||
| 2002 | Billy Toien | 1,109 | 0.5 / 100 | 6th of 6 | [123] | |||
| 2006 | Billy Toien | 682 | 0.3 / 100 | 5th of 6 | [124] | |||
| 2010 | Billy Toien | 2,682 | 1.1 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [125] | |||
| 2014 | Carolyn Clift | 8,985 | 3.2 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | ||||
| 2018 | William Toien | 5,402 | 1.9 / 100 | 4th of 4 | ||||
| California Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1974 | John Hospers | 1,950 (W/I) | 0 / 100 | 5th of 13 | [126] | |||
| 1978 | Ed Clark (*) | 377,960 | 5.5 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [127] | |||
| 1982 | Dan P. Dougherty | 81,076 | 1.0 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [128] | |||
| 1986 | Joseph Fuhrig | 52,628 | 0.7 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [129] | |||
| 1990 | Dennis Thompson | 145,628 | 1.9 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [130] | |||
| 1994 | Richard Rider | 149,281 | 1.7 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [131] | |||
| 1998 | Steve Kubby | 73,845 | 0.9 / 100 | 4th of 7 | [132] | |||
| 2002 | Gary David Copeland | 161,203 | 2.2 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [133] | |||
| 2003 RE | Ned Roscoe | 2,250 | 0 / 100 | 34th of 135 | [134] | |||
| Ken Hamidi | 1,948 | 0 / 100 | 40th of 135 | [134] | ||||
| John Hickey | 1,689 | 0 / 100 | 48th of 135 | [134] | ||||
| 2006 | Art Olivier | 114,329 | 1.3 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [135] | |||
| 2010 | Dale Ogden | 150,895 | 1.5 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [136] | |||
| Iowa Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1978 | John Ball | 3,947 | 0.5 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [137] | |||
| 1982 | Marcia Farrington | 3,307 | 0.3 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [138] | |||
| 1994 | Carl Olsen | 2,772 | 0.3 / 100 | 4th of 5 | [139] | |||
| 2002 | Clyde Cleveland | 13,098 | 1.3 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [140] | |||
| 2006 | Kevin Litten | 5,735 | 0.5 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [141] | |||
| 2010 | Eric Cooper | 14,398 | 1.3 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [142] | |||
| 2014 | Lee Hieb | 20,321 | 1.8 / 100 | 3rd of 5 | [143] | |||
| 2018 | Jake Porter | 21,426 | 1.6 / 100 | 3rd of 4 | [144] | |||
| Nevada Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1978 | John W. Grayson Jr. | 1,487 | 0.8 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [145] | |||
| 1982 | Dan Becan | 4,621 | 1.9 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [146] | |||
| 1986 | Louis R. Tomburello | 2,555 | 1.0 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [147] | |||
| 1990 | James Frye | 8,059 | 2.5 / 100 | 4th of 4 | [148] | |||
| 1994 | Dennis Sholty | 3,978 | 1.1 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [149] | |||
| 1998 | Terry Savage | 7,307 | 1.7 / 100 | 5th of 5 | [150] | |||
| 2002 | Dick Geyer | 8,104 | 1.6 / 100 | 4th of 7 | [151] | |||
| 2010 | Arthur Forest Lampitt Jr. | 4,672 | 0.7 / 100 | 6th of 8 | [152] | |||
| 2018 | Jared Lord | 8,640 | 0.9 / 100 | 5th of 5 | ||||
| New York Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Place | Notes | |||
| 1974 | Jerome Tuccille | 10,503 | 0.2 / 100 | 4th of 8 | [153] | |||
| 1978 | Gary Greenberg | 18,990 | 0.4 / 100 | 4th of 7 | [154] | |||
| 1982 | John H. Northrup | 16,913 | 0.3 / 100 | 4th of 7 | [155] | |||
| 1990 | W. Gary Johnson | 24,611 | 0.6 / 100 | 6th of 7 | [156] | |||
| 1994 | Robert L. Schulz | 9,506 | 0.2 / 100 | 5th of 6 | [157] | |||
| 1998 | Chris Garvey | 4,722 | 0.1 / 100 | 9th of 10 | [158] | |||
| 2002 | Scott Jeffrey | 5,013 | 0.1 / 100 | 8th of 8 | [159] | |||
| 2006 | John Clifton | 14,736 | 0.3 / 100 | 4th of 6 | [160] | |||
| 2010 | Warren Redlich | 48,359 | 1.0 / 100 | 4th of 7 | [161] | |||
| 2014 | Michael McDermott | 16,769 | 0.4 / 100 | 4th of 5 | ||||
| 2018 | Larry Sharpe | 95,033 | 1.6 / 100 | 4th of 5 | ||||
Thomas Miller McClintock II is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for California's 5th congressional district since 2009. His district stretches from the Sacramento suburbs to the outer suburbs of Fresno; it includes Yosemite National Park. A member of the Republican Party, McClintock served as a California state assemblyman from 1982 to 1992 and from 1996 to 2000, when he became a California state senator, a position he held until 2008. He unsuccessfully ran for governor of California in the 2003 recall election and for lieutenant governor of California in the 2006 election.
The Alaskan Independence Party (AKIP) is an Alaskan nationalist political party that advocates an in-state referendum which would include the option of Alaska becoming an independent country. The party also advocates positions similar to those of the Constitution Party, Republican Party and Libertarian Party, supporting gun rights, anti-abortion policies, privatization, home schooling, and limited government. Wally Hickel was elected Governor of Alaska in 1990 on the Independence Party ticket, making it one of the few third parties to have controlled a governor's seat; however, Hickel transferred to the Republican Party before the 1994 election.
Edward Lewis "Bob" Bartlett, was an Alaska politician and a member of the Democratic Party. He served as a U.S. Senator. A key fighter for Alaska statehood, Bartlett served as the Secretary of Alaska Territory from 1939 to 1945, in Congress from 1945 to 1959 as a Delegate, and from 1959 until his death in 1968 as a U.S. senator. He was opposed to U.S. involvement in Vietnam, along with his fellow Senator Ernest Gruening, and also worked to warn people about the dangers of radiation. Many acts bear his name, including a major law known as the Bartlett Act, mandating handicap access in all federally-funded buildings.
The 1986 United States Senate elections were elections for the United States Senate. Held on November 4, in the middle of Ronald Reagan's second presidential term, the 34 seats of Class 3 were contested in regular elections. The Republicans had to defend an unusually large number of freshman Senate incumbents who had been elected on President Ronald Reagan's coattails in 1980. Democrats won a net of eight seats, defeating seven freshman incumbents, picking up two Republican-held open seats, and regaining control of the Senate for the first time since January 1981. This remains the most recent midterm election cycle in which the sitting president's party suffered net losses while still flipping a Senate seat.
The 1982 United States Senate elections were held on November 2, 1982. They were elections for the United States Senate following Republican gains in 1980. The 33 Senate seats of Class 1 were up for election in 1982. A total of four seats changed hands between parties, with Democrats winning seats in New Jersey and New Mexico, and Republicans taking seats in Nevada and the seat of the lone independent, Senator Harry Byrd Jr., in Virginia. Democrats made a net gain of one seat bringing them to 46 seats, while Republicans stayed at 54 seats for a majority. However, the Democratic gain in New Jersey replaced a Republican that had been appointed earlier in the year.
The 1970 United States Senate elections was an election for the United States Senate. It took place on November 3, with the 33 seats of Class 1 contested in regular elections. Special elections were also held to fill vacancies. These races occurred in the middle of Richard Nixon's first term as president. The Democrats lost a net of three seats, while the Republicans and the Conservative Party of New York picked up one net seat each, and former Democrat Harry F. Byrd Jr. was re-elected as an independent.
The 1968 United States Senate elections were elections for the United States Senate. Held on November 5, the 34 seats of Class 3 were contested in regular elections. They coincided with the presidential election of the same year. The Republicans picked up five net seats in the Senate. This saw Republicans win a Senate seat in Florida for the first time since Reconstruction.
The 1952 United States Senate elections was an election for the United States Senate which coincided with the election of Dwight D. Eisenhower to the presidency by a large margin. The 32 Senate seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, and three special elections were held to fill vacancies. The Republicans took control of the Senate by managing to make a net gain of two seats. However, Wayne Morse (R-OR) became an independent forcing Republicans to rely on Vice President Richard Nixon's tie-breaking vote, although Republicans maintained a 48-47-1 plurality. Throughout the next Congress, Republicans were able to restore their 49-46-1 majority. This was the third time, as well as second consecutive, in which a sitting Senate leader lost his seat.
The 1946 United States Senate elections were held November 5, 1946, in the middle of Democratic President Harry S. Truman's first term after Roosevelt's passing. The 32 seats of Class 1 were contested in regular elections, and four special elections were held to fill vacancies. The Republicans took control of the Senate by picking up twelve seats, mostly from the Democrats. This was the first time since 1932 that the Republicans had held the Senate, recovering from a low of 16 seats following the 1936 Senate elections.
The 1930 United States Senate elections occurred in the middle of Republican President Herbert Hoover's term. The 32 seats of Class 2 were contested in regular elections, and special elections were held to fill vacancies. With the Great Depression beginning to take hold, Republican incumbents became unpopular, and Democrats picked up a net of eight seats, erasing the Republican gains from the previous election cycle. Republicans retained control of the U.S. Senate since Vice President Charles Curtis cast the tie-breaking vote. This was the first of four consecutive Senate elections during the Depression in which Democrats made enormous gains, achieving a cumulative pick-up of 34 seats.
The 1944 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 79th United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 7, 1944, while Maine held theirs on September 11. These elections coincided with President Franklin D. Roosevelt's re-election to a record fourth term.
The 1940 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 77th United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 5, 1940, while Maine held theirs on September 9. They coincided with President Franklin D. Roosevelt's re-election to an unprecedented third term. His Democratic Party narrowly gained seats from the opposition Republican Party, cementing their majority. However, the election gave firm control of the US House of Representatives and Senate to the New Dealers once again, as Progressives dominated the election.
The 1920 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 67th United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 2, 1920, while Maine held its on September 13. They coincided with the election of President Warren G. Harding, the first time that women in all states were allowed to vote in federal elections after the passage of the 19th Amendment.
1916 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 65th United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 7, 1916, while Maine held theirs on September 11. They coincided with the re-election of President Woodrow Wilson.
The 1908 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 3, 1908, with Oregon, Maine, and Vermont holding theirs early in either June or September. They coincided with the 1908 United States presidential election, which William Howard Taft won. Elections were held for all 391 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 46 states, to serve in the 61st United States Congress.
The 1916 United States Senate elections were elections that coincided with the re-election of President Woodrow Wilson. This was the first election since the enactment of the Seventeenth Amendment that all 32 Class 1 Senators were selected by direct or popular elections instead of state legislatures. Republicans gained a net of two seats from the Democrats, and then a furthered seat through mid-term vacancies thereby reducing Democrats to a 53-43 majority.
The 1852–53 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 2, 1852 and November 8, 1853. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 33rd United States Congress convened on December 5, 1853. The size of the House increased to 234 seats following the congressional reapportionment based on the 1850 United States Census.
The 1834–35 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 7, 1834, and November 5, 1835. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 24th United States Congress convened on December 7, 1835. They were held during President Andrew Jackson's second term. Elections were held for 240 seats that represented 24 states, as well as the at-large-district seat for the pending new state of Michigan.
I paid my lifetime membership, in 1987, with a gold coin, to make a point.
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