Electoral history of the Libertarian Party (United States)

Last updated

This is a list detailing the electoral history of the Libertarian Party in the United States, sorted by office. The list currently consists of candidates who ran for partisan office.

Contents

Legend

Abbreviations and their definitions
Abbrev.Definition
SE Special election, or an election held to fill a political office that has become vacant between regularly scheduled elections.
BP Blanket primary, or a primary where all candidates from all parties are on the same ballot, and those candidates that net
the highest number of votes among those candidates of their own party advance to the general election.
RE Recall election, a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before his
or her term has ended.
W/I Write-in candidate, with the abbreviation marked next to the vote total. These candidates did not appear upon the election
ballot but were still eligible to receive votes by voters writing in the candidate's name.
(*)The candidate, while a member of the party, was for some reason or another not able to get onto the ballot as a Libertarian.

Elections of party officers

National committee chairman and vice-chairman

2008 National Committee Chairman balloting2008 National Committee Vice-Chairman balloting [1]
Candidates1st2ndCandidates1st
Bill Redpath 183204 Mike Jingozian 224
Ruth Bennett113147Chuck Moulton137
Ernest Hancock71-None6
None24
JR Enfield-1
Vote total369356Vote totals367
Needed to nominate185178Needed to nominate184
2010 National Committee Chairman balloting2010 National Committee Vice-Chairman balloting [2]
Candidates1st2nd3rdCandidates1st
Mark Hinkle114208281Mark Rutherford285
Wayne Allyn Root 201223228Carolyn Marbry201
Ernest Hancock8289-
John Jay Myers70--
George Phillies 56--
None10919
Vote total533529528Vote totals490
Needed to nominate267265265Needed to nominate246
2012 National Committee Chairman balloting2012 National Committee Vice-Chairman balloting [3]
Candidates1st2nd2nd
Adjusted
2nd
Revote
3rd4th5th6thCandidates1st
Geoff Neale ----149167212264 R. Lee Wrights 228
Mark Rutherford2282692702781531552055Bill Redpath179
None101273266277131229159 George Phillies 20
Mark Hinkle221-------None6
Bill Redpath1---128119--Mark Rutherford1
Jennifer Lopez -----22-
Emma Dearest-----2--
Sam Sloan ---1----
Total vote551542536556473457448428Total vote434
Needed to nominate276272269278237229225215Needed to nominate218

Other 2012 Chairman candidates were:

Other 2012 Vice-Chairman candidates were:

Federal elections

President

YearPresidential nomineeHome statePrevious positionsVice presidential nomineeHome statePrevious positionsVotesNotes
1972 John Hospers 1998.jpg
John Hospers
Flag of California.svg California Philosopher TonieNathan1993-LPConvention.jpg
Tonie Nathan
Flag of Oregon.svg Oregon Radio producer3,674 (nil%)
1 EV
[4]
1976 Roger MacBride.jpg
Roger MacBride
Flag of Virginia.svg Virginia Member of the Vermont House of Representatives
(1963–1965)
Candidate for Governor of Vermont
(1964)
David Bergland.jpg
David Bergland
Flag of California.svg California Nominee for Attorney General of California
(1974)
172,553 (0.2%)
0 EV
1980 Ed Clark.jpg
Ed Clark
Flag of California.svg California Candidate for Governor of California
(1978)
David Koch 1980.jpg
David Koch
Flag of New York.svg New York Businessman921,128 (1.1%)
0 EV
1984 David Bergland.jpg
David Bergland
Flag of California.svg California Nominee for Vice President of the United States
(1976)
Chair of the Libertarian National Committee
(1977–1981)
Nominee for California's 38th State Senate district
(1978)
Nominee for United States Senator from California
(1980)
Jim Lewis.jpg
James A. Lewis
Flag of Connecticut.svg Connecticut Member of the Libertarian National Committee
(1981–1983)
Nominee for United States Senator from Connecticut
(1982)
228,111 (0.2%)
0 EV
1988 Ron paul.jpg
Ron Paul
(campaign)
Flag of Texas.svg Texas Member of the United States House of Representatives from Texas's 22nd district
(1976–1977; 1979–1985)
Candidate for United States Senator from Texas
(1984)
Andre Marrou.jpg
Andre Marrou
Flag of Alaska.svg Alaska Member of the Alaska House of Representatives
(1985–1987)
431,750 (0.5%)
0 EV
1992 Andre Marrou.jpg
Andre Marrou
Flag of Alaska.svg Alaska Member of the Alaska House of Representatives
(1985–1987)
Nominee for Vice President of the United States
(1988)
Nancy Lord Flag of Nevada.svg Nevada Nominee for Mayor of the District of Columbia
(1990)
290,087 (0.3%)
0 EV
1996 HarryBrowneLPCon1998 (cropped3).jpg
Harry Browne
Flag of Tennessee.svg Tennessee Writer Jo Jorgensen portrait 1 (crop 1).jpg
Jo Jorgensen
Flag of South Carolina.svg South Carolina Academic
Nominee for South Carolina's 4th congressional district
(1992)
485,759 (0.5%)
0 EV
2000 HarryBrowneLPCon1998 (cropped3).jpg
Harry Browne
(campaign)
Flag of Tennessee.svg Tennessee Nominee for President of the United States
(1996)
Art Olivier (105415391) (cropped).jpg
Art Olivier
Flag of California.svg California Nominee for California's 54th State Assembly district
(1990)
Member of the Bellflower City Council
(1994–1999)
Mayor of Bellflower
(1998–1999)
384,431 (0.4%)
0 EV
[5]
2004 SI-MichaelBadnarik1.JPG
Michael Badnarik
(campaign)
Flag of Texas.svg Texas Nominee for Texas's 47th State House of Representatives district
(2000)
Nominee for Texas's 48th State House district
(2002)
Richard Campagna Kareokee (cropped).png
Richard Campagna
Flag of Iowa.svg Iowa Nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Iowa
(2002)
397,265 (0.3%)
0 EV
2008 Bob Barr-2008 cropped.jpg
Bob Barr
(campaign)
Flag of Georgia (U.S. state).svg Georgia United States Attorney for the Northern District of Georgia
(1986–1990)
Member of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia's 7th district
(1995–2003)

Wayne Allyn Root
Flag of Nevada.svg Nevada Radio host
Candidate for the 8th district of the Westchester County Board of Legislators
(1983)
523,713 (0.4%)
0 EV
2012 Gary Johnson black background.jpg
Gary Johnson
(campaign)
Flag of New Mexico.svg New Mexico Governor of New Mexico
(1995–2003)
Jim Gray (cropped2).jpg
Jim Gray
Flag of California.svg California Nominee for United States Senator from California
(2004)
Member of the Libertarian Party Judicial Committee
(2010–2012)
1,275,923 (1.0%)
0 EV
2016 Gary Johnson black background.jpg
Gary Johnson
(campaign)
Flag of New Mexico.svg New Mexico Governor of New Mexico
(1995–2003)
Nominee for President of the United States
(2012)
Bill Weld campaign portrait.jpg
Bill Weld
Flag of New York.svg New York United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts
(1981–1986)
United States Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division
(1986–1988)
Governor of Massachusetts
(1991–1997)
Republican nominee for United States Senator from Massachusetts
(1996)
Candidate for Governor of New York
(2006)
4,489,233 (3.3%)
0 EV
1 EV for Ron Paul [a]
[7]
2020 Jo Jorgensen portrait 3 (cropped).jpg
Jo Jorgensen
(campaign)
Flag of South Carolina.svg South Carolina Academic
Nominee for Vice President of the United States
(1996)
Spike Cohen portrait 1 (crop 1).jpg
Spike Cohen
Flag of South Carolina.svg South Carolina Podcaster and businessman1,865,724 (1.2%)
0 EV
[8]

Presidential ballot access

  1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 [9] [10] 2020 [11]
States232(and DC)50(and DC)38(and DC)46(and DC)50(and DC)50(and DC)50(and DC)48(and DC)4548(and DC)50(and DC)50(and DC)
Electoral votes16341538403496538538538527503514538538
% of population (EVs)--100%
(100%)
--100%
(100%)
100%
(100%)
100%
(100%)
-95%
(93%)
95%
(96%)
100%
(100%)
100%
(100%)
Alabama Not on ballotOn ballot
Alaska Not on ballotOn ballot
Arizona Not on ballotOn ballot
Arkansas Not on ballotOn ballot
California (Write-in)On ballot
Colorado On ballot
Connecticut Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Delaware Not on ballotOn ballot
Florida Not on ballot(Write-in)On ballot(Write-in)On ballot
Georgia Not on ballot(Write-in)On ballot(Write-in)On ballot
Hawaii Not on ballotOn ballot
Idaho Not on ballotOn ballot
Illinois Not on ballotOn ballot
Indiana Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Iowa Not on ballotOn ballot
Kansas Not on ballotOn ballot
Kentucky Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Louisiana Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Maine (Write-in)On ballotNot on ballotOn ballot(Write-in)On ballot
Maryland Not on ballotOn ballot
Massachusetts (Write-in)On ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Michigan Not on ballotOn ballot(Write-in)On ballot
Minnesota Not on ballotOn ballot
Mississippi Not on ballotOn ballot
Missouri Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballot(Write-in)On ballot
Montana Not on ballotOn ballot
Nebraska Not on ballotOn ballot
Nevada Not on ballotOn ballot
New Hampshire Not on ballotOn ballot(Write-in)On ballot
New Jersey Not on ballotOn ballot
New Mexico Not on ballotOn ballot
New York Not on ballotOn ballot
North Carolina Not on ballotOn ballot(Write-in)On ballot
North Dakota Not on ballotOn ballot
Ohio Not on ballotOn ballot
Oklahoma Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Oregon Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Pennsylvania Not on ballotOn ballot
Rhode Island (Write-in)On ballot
South Carolina Not on ballotOn ballot
South Dakota Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Tennessee Not on ballotOn ballot
Texas Not on ballot(Write-in)On ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Utah Not on ballotOn ballot
Vermont Not on ballot(Write-in)On ballot
Virginia Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Washington On ballot
West Virginia Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot
Wisconsin Not on ballotOn ballot
Wyoming Not on ballot(Write-in)On ballot
District of Columbia Not on ballotOn ballotNot on ballotOn ballot

Presidential and vice presidential nominations

Candidates seeking to win the Libertarian Party nominations either for president or vice president must gather thirty "tokens", or supporting delegates, and their votes in order to be put onto the actual nominating ballot. However, that still does not prevent write-in votes when the balloting is being held.

1996
1996 Libertarian presidential nomination vote1996 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [12]
Candidates1st ballotCandidates1st ballot
Harry Browne 416 Jo Jorgensen 459
Rick Tompkins74None36
None60
Irwin Schiff 32
Doug Ohmen20
Scatter3
Total vote605Total vote495
Needed to nominate303Needed to nominate248

Note: Jo Jorgensen was nominated by a voice vote.

2000
2000 Libertarian presidential nomination vote2000 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [13]
Candidates1st ballotCandidates1st ballot2nd ballot
Harry Browne 493 Art Olivier 333418
Don Gorman 166 Steve Kubby 303338
Jacob G. Hornberger 120Ken Krawchuk70-
Barry Hess 53Don Gorman29-
None23None10-
Dave Hollist8Gail Lightfoot7-
Scatter6Scatter7-
L. Neil Smith 5
Richard Boddie 2
George W. Bush 1
Russell Means 1
Total vote877Total vote759756
Needed to nominate439Needed to nominate380379
2004
2004 Libertarian presidential nomination vote2004 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [14]
CandidatesToken count1st ballot2nd ballot3rd ballotCandidatesToken count1st ballot
Michael Badnarik 89256249423 Richard Campagna 40353
Aaron Russo 63258285344 Tamara Millay 40220
Gary Nolan 107246244- Garrett Hayes 4036
None-10511None-10
Jeffrey Diket724--Scott Jameson397
Drew Carey -3--
Dave Hollist391--
Jim Burns72---
Total vote513778783778Total vote159626
Needed to nominate30390392390Needed to nominate30314

Note: Jim Burns withdrew himself from consideration four hours before the balloting for the presidential nomination began.

Detailed map on the 1st ballot for the 2004 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2004LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote1stBallot.svg
Detailed map on the 1st ballot for the 2004 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 2nd ballot for the 2004 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2004LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote2ndBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 2nd ballot for the 2004 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 3rd and final ballot for the 2004 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2004LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote3rdBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 3rd and final ballot for the 2004 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 1st and only ballot for the 2004 vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2004LibertarianVicePresidentialNominationVote1stBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 1st and only ballot for the 2004 vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations
2008
2008 Libertarian presidential nomination vote2008 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [1]
CandidatesToken count1st ballot2nd ballot3rd ballot4th ballot5th ballot6th BallotCandidates1st ballot2nd ballot
Bob Barr 94153188186202229324 Wayne Allyn Root 276289
Mary Ruwart 94152162186202223276 Steve Kubby 209259
Wayne Allyn Root 94123138146149165-Dan Williams4010
Mike Gravel 6771737876--Jim Burns20-
George Phillies62493631---Gail Lightfoot15-
Steve Kubby 604132----Leonard Schwartz1-
Michael Jingozian 63231----None26
Christine Smith366----- Mary Ruwart 11
None-2123626Mike Ferguson11
Ron Paul -631--1Richard-1
Penn Jillette -3-----
William Koehler-1-----
Daniel Imperato -1-----
Jesse Ventura --1----
Stephen Kolbert --1----
Ralph Nader ------1
Total vote ?631636630632623628Total vote565567
Needed to nominate30316319316317312315Needed to nominate283284
Detailed map on the 1st ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote1stBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 1st ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 2nd ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote2ndBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 2nd ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 3rd ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote3rdBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 3rd ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 4th ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote4thBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 4th ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 5th ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote5thBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 5th ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 6th and final ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianPresidentialNominationVote6thBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 6th and final ballot for the 2008 presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 1st ballot for the 2008 vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianVicePresidentialNominationVote1stBallotPathing.svg
Detailed map on the 1st ballot for the 2008 vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 2nd and final ballot for the 2008 vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2008LibertarianVicePresidentialNominationVote2ndBallotPathed.svg
Detailed map on the 2nd and final ballot for the 2008 vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations
2012
2012 Libertarian presidential nomination vote2012 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [3]
CandidatesToken count1st ballotCandidatesToken count1st ballot
Gary Johnson 264419 Jim Gray 242357
R. Lee Wrights 127152 R. Lee Wrights 120229
Jim Burns3512None-7
Carl Person 313Jim Burns316
Sam Sloan 122 Sam Sloan 101
Max Abramson-2 Gary Johnson 6-
Ron Paul 11 Carl Person 3-
Wayne Allyn Root -1Pat Dixon2-
Rita Nunez Neumann4-Rita Nunez Neumann2-
James Ogle2-James Ogle2-
Jim Duensing 1- Wayne Allyn Root 2-
Roger Gary1-Roger Gary1-
James P. Gray 1-Lenore Hawkins1-
Lori Sunthonchart1-Jim Jones1-
Joy Waymire1-Steve Mankowski1-
John Monds1-
Bill Redpath1-
Joy Waymire1-
Total vote481595Total vote427600
Needed to nominate30298Needed to nominate30301
Detailed map on the 2012 vote for the presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2012LibertarianPresidentialNominationVotePathed.svg
Detailed map on the 2012 vote for the presidential nomination by individual state delegations
Detailed map on the 2012 vote for the vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations 2012LibertarianVicePresidentialNominationVotePathed.svg
Detailed map on the 2012 vote for the vice presidential nomination by individual state delegations
2016
2016 Libertarian presidential nomination vote2016 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [15]
CandidatesToken count1st ballotCandidatesToken count1st ballot
Gary Johnson 458518 Bill Weld 426441
Austin Petersen 197203 Larry Sharpe 264409
John McAfee 131131None612
Darryl Perry6352Derrick Grayson489
Marc A. Feldman5818Mary Ruwart1
None52Alicia Dearn29
Kevin McCormick91Daniel Hogan1
Derrick Grayson11 Austin Petersen 1
Michael Shannon1 Gary Johnson 1
Rhett Smith1
Ron Paul 1
Vermin Supreme 1
Heidi Zemen1
Total Vote925928Total Vote869872
Needed to Nominate30465Needed to Nominate30437
Map of the 2016 vote for the presidential nomination. First place by delegate votes.
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Gary Johnson (36)
Austin Petersen (9)
John McAfee (3)
No vote (1)
Tie (4) Libertarian Party presidential primary results by delegate roll call, 2016.svg
Map of the 2016 vote for the presidential nomination. First place by delegate votes.
2020
2020 Libertarian presidential nomination vote [16] 2020 Libertarian vice presidential nomination vote [17]
CandidatesToken count1st ballot2nd ballot3rd ballot4th ballotCandidatesToken count1st ballot2nd ballot3rd ballot
Jo Jorgensen 193248339390524 Spike Cohen 302416474533
Jacob Hornberger 218236257264285 John Monds 296322432472
Vermin Supreme 103171184188206Ken Armstrong115180961
John Monds 951471691741 Adam Kokesh 698743
Jim Gray 899864None71210
Adam Kokesh 5877611 John McAfee 63
None8674 Nicholas Sarwark 203
Nicholas Sarwark 65111 Justin Amash 11
Sorinne Ardeleanu921Sorinne Ardeleanu111
John Ammens1 Julian Assange 11
Ryan Graham1Rhett Boogie1
Godzilla 1Michael Cordova1
Laura Ebke 1 Laura Ebke 1
Justin Amash 27171Michael Kalagias1
Darryl Perry1 Ron Paul 211
Arvin Vohra273 Edward Snowden 12
Edward Snowden 2Chris Spangle2
Rhett Boogie1 Vermin Supreme 71
Lincoln Chafee 1 Larry Sharpe 21
John Stossel 1 Zoltan Istvan 7
Dan Behrman18 Jim Gray 6
Sam Robb14Sam Robb5
Kim Ruff11 Tulsi Gabbard 2
Spike Cohen 7Michael Heise2
Larry Sharpe 4
Total Vote8791,0171,0281,2061,026Total Vote8741,0241,0251,022
Needed to Nominate30509515514514Needed to Nominate30513513512
Map of the first ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
Jo Jorgensen (18)
Jacob Hornberger (11)
John Monds (6)
Vermin Supreme (4)
Jim Gray (3)
Justin Amash (1)
Tie (8) Libertarian Party presidential convention first round, 2020.svg
Map of the first ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
  Jo Jorgensen (18)
  Jacob Hornberger (11)
  John Monds (6)
  Vermin Supreme (4)
  Jim Gray (3)
  Justin Amash (1)
  Tie (8)
Map of the second ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
Jo Jorgensen (23)
Jacob Hornberger (10)
John Monds (7)
Vermin Supreme (3)
Jim Gray (2)
Tie (6) Libertarian Party presidential convention second round, 2020.svg
Map of the second ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
  Jo Jorgensen (23)
  Jacob Hornberger (10)
  John Monds (7)
  Vermin Supreme (3)
  Jim Gray (2)
  Tie (6)
Map of the third ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
Jo Jorgensen (30)
Jacob Hornberger (10)
John Monds (4)
Vermin Supreme (1)
Tie (6) Libertarian Party presidential convention third round, 2020.svg
Map of the third ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
  Jo Jorgensen (30)
  Jacob Hornberger (10)
  John Monds (4)
  Vermin Supreme (1)
  Tie (6)
Map of the fourth and final ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
Jo Jorgensen (39)
Jacob Hornberger (9)
Vermin Supreme (2)
Tie (1) Libertarian Party presidential convention fourth round, 2020.svg
Map of the fourth and final ballot for the 2020 presidential nomination by first place in state delegations.
  Jo Jorgensen (39)
  Jacob Hornberger (9)
  Vermin Supreme (2)
  Tie (1)

The Senate

Class I seats

Arizona Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1976 Allan Norwitz7,310
1.0 / 100
4th of 5 [18]
1982 Randall Clamons20,100
2.8 / 100
3rd of 3 [19]
1988 Rick Tompkins20,849
1.8 / 100
3rd of 4 [20]
1994 Scott Grainger75,493
6.8 / 100
3rd of 3 [21]
2000 Barry Hess 70,724
5.1 / 100
4th of 4 [22]
2006 Richard Mack 48,231
3.2 / 100
3rd of 3 [23]
2012 Marc Victor102,109
4.6 / 100
3rd of 3 [24]
California Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1976 Lynn Kinsky907 (W/I)
0 / 100
6th of 9 [25]
1982 Joseph Fuhrig107,720
1.4 / 100
3rd of 5 [26]
1988 Jack Dean79,997
0.8 / 100
4th of 5 [27]
1992 SE Richard B. Boddie 247,799
2.3 / 100
5th of 5 [28]
1994 Richard B. Boddie 179,100
2.1 / 100
4th of 5 [29]
2000 Gail K. Lightfoot 187,718
1.8 / 100
4th of 5 [30]
2006 Michael Metti133,851
1.6 / 100
4th of 6 [31]
2012 BP Gail K. Lightfoot 101,648
2.1 / 100
9th of 24 [32]
2018 BP Derrick M. Reid59,999
0.9 / 100
15th of 32 [33]
Connecticut Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1982 James A. Lewis 8,163
0.8 / 100
4th of 4 [34]
1988 Howard A. Grayson Jr.12,409
0.9 / 100
3rd of 4 [35]
2000 Wildey J. Moore8,773
0.7 / 100
4th of 4 [36]
2012 Paul Passarelli25,045
1.7 / 100
3rd of 3 [37]
2018 Richard Lion8,838
0.6 / 100
3rd of 3 [38]
Massachusetts Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1982 Howard S. Katz18,878
0.9 / 100
3rd of 3 [39]
1988 Freda Lee Nason13,199
0.5 / 100
4th of 4 [40]
1994 Lauraleigh Dozier14,484
0.7 / 100
3rd of 4 [41]
2000 Carla Howell 308,748
11.9 / 100
3rd of 6 [42]
2010 SE Joseph L. Kennedy 22,388
1.0 / 100
3rd of 3 [43]
Montana Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1982 Larry Dodge 12,412
3.9 / 100
3rd of 3 [44]
Nevada Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1976 Dan Becan2,307
1.1 / 100
5th of 5 [45]
1988 James Frye5,523
1.6 / 100
4th of 4 [46]
1994 Bob Days5,964
1.6 / 100
5th of 6 [47]
2000 J. J. Johnson5,395
0.9 / 100
5th of 7 [48]
2006 Brenda Trainer5,269
0.9 / 100
5th of 5 [49]
2018 Tim Hagan9,196
1.0 / 100
4th of 5
New Mexico Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
2018 Gary Johnson 107,201
15.4 / 100
3rd of 3
Texas Libertarian Party Senate Class I candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1982 John E. Ford23,494
0.8 / 100
3rd of 4 
1988 Jeff Daiell44,572
0.8 / 100
3rd of 3 
1994 Pierre Blondeau36,107
0.8 / 100
3rd of 3 
2000 Mary J. Ruwart 72,657
1.2 / 100
4th of 4 
2006 Scott L. Jameson97,672
2.3 / 100
3rd of 3 
2012 John J. Myers162,354
2.1 / 100
3rd of 4 
2018 Neal Dikeman65,470
0.8 / 100
3rd of 3 

Class II seats

Alaska Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
2002 Leonard J. Karpinski2,354
1.0 / 100
5th of 5 [50]
2008 Fredrick D. Haase2,483
0.8 / 100
4th of 5 [51]
2014 Mark Fish10,512
3.7 / 100
3rd of 4
Arkansas Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
2014 Nathan LaFrance17,210
2.0 / 100
3rd of 4 [52]
2020 Ricky Dale Harrington Jr.399,390
33.5 / 100
2nd of 2 [53]
Kansas Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1984 Douglas N. Merritt6,755
0.7 / 100
5th of 6 [54]
1996 Steven Rosile13,098
1.3 / 100
4th of 4 [54]
2002 Steven Rosile70,725
9.1 / 100
2nd of 3 [55]
2008 Randall L. Hodgkinson25,727
2.1 / 100
3rd of 4 [56]
2014 Randall Batson37,469
4.3 / 100
3rd of 3 [57]
2020 Jason Buckley68,263
5.0 / 100
3rd of 3 [58]
Massachusetts Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
2002 Michael Cloud369,807
18.4 / 100
2nd of 2 [59]
2008 Robert J. Underwood93,713
3.1 / 100
3rd of 3 [60]
Texas Libertarian Party Senate Class II candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1990 Gary Johnson89,089
2.4 / 100
3rd of 3 [61]
1996 Michael Bird51,516
0.9 / 100
3rd of 4 [62]
2002 Scott Jameson35,538
0.8 / 100
3rd of 4 [63]
2008 Yvonne Adams Schick185,241
2.3 / 100
3rd of 3 
2014 Rebecca Paddock133,751
2.9 / 100
3rd of 4 [64]
2020 Kerry McKennon209,722
1.9 / 100
3rd of 5 [64]

Class III seats

Alaska Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1986 BP Chuck House4,265
2.9 / 100
3rd of 7 [65]
1986 Chuck House3,161
1.8 / 100
3rd of 3 [66]
1998 BP Scott A. Kohlhaas1,987
1.9 / 100
6th of 6 [67]
1998 Scott A. Kohlhaas5,046
2.3 / 100
4th of 4 [68]
2004 BP Scott A. Kohlhaas402
0.9 / 100
6th of 7 [69]
2004 Scott A. Kohlhaas1,240
0.4 / 100
6th of 7 [70]
2010 BP Fredrick D. Haase5,793
16.1 / 100
2nd of 4 [71]
2010 Fredrick D. Haase1,459
0.6 / 100
4th of 6 [72]
2016 Joe Miller 85,833
29.4 / 100
2nd of 4 [73]
California Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1974 Bill White791 (W/I)
0 / 100
5th of 9 [74]
1980 David Bergland 202,481
2.4 / 100
3rd of 5 [75]
1986 Breck McKinley66,261
0.9 / 100
4th of 5 [76]
1992 June R. Genis235,919
2.2 / 100
5th of 5 [77]
1998 Ted Brown93,959
1.1 / 100
3rd of 7 [78]
2004 Jim Gray 216,522
1.8 / 100
4th of 5 [79]
2010 Gail K. Lightfoot175,242
1.8 / 100
3rd of 6 [80]
Indiana Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1986 Bradford Warren8,314
0.5 / 100
3rd of 4 [81]
1992 Steve Dillon35,733
1.6 / 100
3rd of 4 [82]
1998 Rebecca Sink-Burris23,641
1.5 / 100
3rd of 3 [83]
2004 Albert Barger27,344
1.1 / 100
3rd of 3 [84]
2010 Rebecca Sink-Burris94,330
5.4 / 100
3rd of 3 [85]
2016 Lucy Brenton149,481
5.5 / 100
3rd of 4 [86]
Nevada Libertarian Party Senate Class III candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1980 Allen Hacker6,920
2.8 / 100
3rd of 4 [87]
1986 H. Kent Cromwell4,899
1.9 / 100
4th of 4 [88]
1992 H. Kent Cromwell7,222
1.5 / 100
6th of 7 [89]
1998 Michael Cloud8,044
1.9 / 100
4th of 5 [90]
2004 Tom Hurst9,559
1.2 / 100
4th of 6 [91]

House of Representatives

In April 2020, Representative Justin Amash from Michigan's 3rd congressional district became the first Libertarian member of Congress, after switching from the Republican Party and spending time as an independent. However, Amash has never been elected as a Libertarian, and did not seek re-election in 2020. [92]

Overall summary

Libertarian Party U.S. House of Representatives elections
YearContests# votes % votesSeats wonNotes
1972 12,028
0 / 100
0 [93]
1974 13,099
0 / 100
0
1976 3771,791
0.1 / 100
0
1978 2064,310
0.1 / 100
0
1980 112568,131
0.7 / 100
0
1982 148462,767
0.7 / 100
0
1984 97275,865
0.3 / 100
0
1986 47121,076
0.2 / 100
0
1988 90445,708
0.6 / 100
0
1990 47396,131
0.6 / 100
0
1992 111848,614
0.9 / 100
0
1994 76415,944
0.6 / 100
0
1996 157651,448
0.7 / 100
0
1998 129880,024
1.2 / 100
0
2000 1321,610,292
1.6 / 100
0
2004 2141,050,766
0.9 / 100
0
2006 116656,794
0.8 / 100
0
2008 1251,083,096
0.9 / 100
0
2010 1581,010,891
1.2 / 100
0
2012 1361,366,338
1.1 / 100
0
2014 121954,077
1.2 / 100
0
2016 1191,661,199
1.3 / 100
0
2018 98758,942
0.7 / 100
0
2020 1191,098,989
0.7 / 100
0

Alaska

Alaska Libertarian Party House of Representatives candidates
YearDistrictNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1986 At-large Betty Breck4,182
2.3 / 100
3rd of 3 [94]
2000 Len Karpinski4,802
1.8 / 100
5th of 5
2002 Rob Clift3,797
1.7 / 100
4th of 4 [95]
2004 Alvin Anders7,157
2.4 / 100
4th of 4 [96]
2006 Alexander Crawford4,029
1.7 / 100
3rd of 5 [97]
2012 Jim McDermott15,028
5.2 / 100
3rd of 4 [98]
2014 Jim McDermott21,290
7.6 / 100
3rd of 3 [99]
2016 Jim McDermott31,770
10.3 / 100
3rd of 4 [100]

Nevada

Nevada Libertarian Party House of Representatives candidates
YearDistrictNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1976 At-large Jim Burns2,825
1.4 / 100
5th of 5 [101]
1978 At-large Linda West6,029
3.2 / 100
4th of 4 [102]
1980 At-large Harry Joe Mangrum7,759
3.2 / 100
4th of 4 [103]
1984 1st Joe Morris1,885
1.4 / 100
3rd of 3 [104]
1986 1st Gordon M. Morris2,145
1.9 / 100
3rd of 3 [105]
1988 1st Patrick O'Neill3,724
2.3 / 100
3rd of 3 [106]
1990 1st William Moore5,825
4.2 / 100
3rd of 3 [107]
1992 1st Scott A. Kjar8,993
4.1 / 100
3rd of 3 [108]
1994 1st Gary Wood6,065
4.0 / 100
3rd of 3 [109]
1996 1st James Dan3,341
1.9 / 100
4th of 5 [110]
1998 1st Jim Burns5,292
3.3 / 100
3rd of 4 [111]
2000 1st Charles E. Schneider4,011
1.8 / 100
3rd of 5 [112]
2004 1st Jim Duensing 5,862
2.9 / 100
3rd of 3 [113]
2006 1st Jim Duensing 2,843
2.2 / 100
3rd of 4 [114]
2008 1st Jim Duensing 4,528
2.0 / 100
4th of 4 [115]
2010 1st Edward G. Klapproth2,118
1.3 / 100
4th of 4 [116]
2012 1st William Pojunis4,645
2.6 / 100
3rd of 4 [117]

Washington

Washington Libertarian Party House of Representatives candidates
YearDistrictNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
2002 1st Mark Wilson6,251
3.1 / 100
3rd of 3 [118]
2nd Bruce Guthrie7,966
2.5 / 100
3rd of 4
5th Rob Chase10,379
5.1 / 100
3rd of 3
6th John Bennett8,744
4.5 / 100
3rd of 3
7th Stan Lippman8,447
4.0 / 100
3rd of 3
8th Mark Taff5,771
2.8 / 100
3rd of 3
9th J. Mills4,759
2.9 / 100
3rd of 3
2004 1st Charles Moore5,798
1.8 / 100
3rd of 3 [119]
2018 2nd Brian Luke84,646
28.7 / 100
2nd of 2 [93]

State elections

Gubernatorial elections

Alaska Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1982 Dick Randolph 29,067
14.9 / 100
3rd of 4 [120]
1986 BP Mary Jane O'Brannon205
0.1 / 100
12th of 15 [121]
1986 Mary Jane O'Brannon1,050
0.6 / 100
5th of 5 [122]
2002 Billy Toien1,109
0.5 / 100
6th of 6 [123]
2006 Billy Toien682
0.3 / 100
5th of 6 [124]
2010 Billy Toien2,682
1.1 / 100
4th of 4 [125]
2014 Carolyn Clift8,985
3.2 / 100
3rd of 4
2018 William Toien5,402
1.9 / 100
4th of 4
California Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1974 John Hospers 1,950 (W/I)
0 / 100
5th of 13 [126]
1978 Ed Clark (*)377,960
5.5 / 100
3rd of 5 [127]
1982 Dan P. Dougherty81,076
1.0 / 100
3rd of 5 [128]
1986 Joseph Fuhrig52,628
0.7 / 100
3rd of 5 [129]
1990 Dennis Thompson145,628
1.9 / 100
3rd of 5 [130]
1994 Richard Rider149,281
1.7 / 100
3rd of 5 [131]
1998 Steve Kubby 73,845
0.9 / 100
4th of 7 [132]
2002 Gary David Copeland161,203
2.2 / 100
4th of 6 [133]
2003 RE Ned Roscoe2,250
0 / 100
34th of 135 [134]
Ken Hamidi1,948
0 / 100
40th of 135 [134]
John Hickey1,689
0 / 100
48th of 135 [134]
2006 Art Olivier 114,329
1.3 / 100
4th of 6 [135]
2010 Dale Ogden150,895
1.5 / 100
4th of 6 [136]
Iowa Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1978 John Ball3,947
0.5 / 100
3rd of 4 [137]
1982 Marcia Farrington3,307
0.3 / 100
3rd of 4 [138]
1994 Carl Olsen2,772
0.3 / 100
4th of 5 [139]
2002 Clyde Cleveland13,098
1.3 / 100
4th of 4 [140]
2006 Kevin Litten5,735
0.5 / 100
4th of 4 [141]
2010 Eric Cooper14,398
1.3 / 100
4th of 6 [142]
2014 Lee Hieb20,321
1.8 / 100
3rd of 5 [143]
2018 Jake Porter21,426
1.6 / 100
3rd of 4 [144]
Nevada Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1978 John W. Grayson Jr.1,487
0.8 / 100
5th of 5 [145]
1982 Dan Becan4,621
1.9 / 100
4th of 4 [146]
1986 Louis R. Tomburello2,555
1.0 / 100
4th of 4 [147]
1990 James Frye8,059
2.5 / 100
4th of 4 [148]
1994 Dennis Sholty3,978
1.1 / 100
5th of 5 [149]
1998 Terry Savage7,307
1.7 / 100
5th of 5 [150]
2002 Dick Geyer8,104
1.6 / 100
4th of 7 [151]
2010 Arthur Forest Lampitt Jr.4,672
0.7 / 100
6th of 8 [152]
2018 Jared Lord8,640
0.9 / 100
5th of 5
New York Libertarian Party gubernatorial candidates
YearNominee# votes % votesPlaceNotes
1974 Jerome Tuccille 10,503
0.2 / 100
4th of 8 [153]
1978 Gary Greenberg18,990
0.4 / 100
4th of 7 [154]
1982 John H. Northrup16,913
0.3 / 100
4th of 7 [155]
1990 W. Gary Johnson24,611
0.6 / 100
6th of 7 [156]
1994 Robert L. Schulz9,506
0.2 / 100
5th of 6 [157]
1998 Chris Garvey4,722
0.1 / 100
9th of 10 [158]
2002 Scott Jeffrey5,013
0.1 / 100
8th of 8 [159]
2006 John Clifton14,736
0.3 / 100
4th of 6 [160]
2010 Warren Redlich 48,359
1.0 / 100
4th of 7 [161]
2014 Michael McDermott16,769
0.4 / 100
4th of 5
2018 Larry Sharpe 95,033
1.6 / 100
4th of 5


Notes

  1. Texas faithless elector Bill Greene cast his vote for Ron Paul, a member of the Libertarian Party. [6]

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