2002 California gubernatorial election

Last updated

2002 California gubernatorial election
Flag of California.svg
←  1998 November 5, 2002 2003 (recall)  →
Turnout36.05% Decrease2.svg5.38pp
  Gray Davis, portrait.jpg Bill Simon (3x4a).jpg Peter Camejo (3x4a).gif
Nominee Gray Davis Bill Simon Peter Camejo
Party Democratic Republican Green
Popular vote3,533,4903,169,801393,036
Percentage47.26%42.40%5.26%
2002 California gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
County results
Davis:      40–50%     50–60%     60–70%
Simon:      40–50%     50–60%     60–70%
Governor before election

Gray Davis
Democratic

Elected Governor

Gray Davis
Democratic

The 2002 California gubernatorial election was an election that occurred on November 5, 2002. Democrat Gray Davis defeated Republican Bill Simon by 5% and was re-elected to a second four-year term as Governor of California. Davis would be recalled less than a year into his next term.

Contents

The 2002 gubernatorial primary occurred in March 2002. Gray Davis faced no major competitor in the primary and won the nomination. Simon defeated former Los Angeles Mayor Richard Riordan in the Republican primary. Gray Davis ran a series of negative ads against Riordan in the primary. Riordan was seen as a moderate and early state polls showed him defeating Gray Davis in the general election. This election is the last time that a gubernatorial candidate was elected Governor of California by a single-digit margin.

Primaries

During the 2002 election campaign, Davis took the unusual step of taking out campaign ads during the Republican primaries against Los Angeles mayor Richard Riordan. Davis claimed that Riordan had attacked his record and that his campaign was defending his record. [1] Polls showed that, as a moderate, Riordan would be a more formidable challenger in the general election than a conservative candidate. Polls even showed that Riordan would defeat Davis. [2] Davis attacked Riordan with negative ads in the primary. The ads questioned Riordan's support of anti-abortion politicians and judges. [3] [4] The ads pointed out Riordan's position of wanting a moratorium on the death penalty as being to the left of Gray Davis, who strongly supported it. [5] [6] [7]

In 2000, the United States Supreme Court in California Democratic Party v. Jones struck down California's blanket primary. [8] With the end of the blanket primary, only non-partisans and registered Republicans could vote for Richard Riordan in the 2002 primary. The end of the blanket primary made it more difficult for the more moderate Riordan. It has long been known in politics that primary voters are much more ideological and strongly liberal or strongly conservative than those who vote in the general election. [9]

Additionally, the Republican primary included negative attacks between Bill Jones and Riordan. Jones highlighted in his attack ads against Riordan that Riordan had contributed money to Davis in past campaigns and had called Bill Clinton "the greatest leader in the free world." Riordan's counter ads highlighted that Jones had also contributed money to Davis. By late February 2002, Riordan's strong lead in the Republican primary had begun to slip. In the previous months of the campaign, Riordan focused his ads and energies on campaigning against Gray Davis and defending himself from Davis' attack ads. [5]

Davis' negative ads against Riordan appear to have contributed to Riordan's defeat in the Republican primary by the more staunchly conservative candidate Bill Simon. [10]

Primary results

Final results from the Secretary of State of California. [11]

Democratic

California gubernatorial Democratic primary, 2002
CandidateVotes %
Gray Davis 1,755,27680.90
Anselmo A. Chavez179,3018.26
Charles "Chuck" Pineda, Jr.139,1216.41
Mosemarie Boyd95,8574.42
Total votes2,169,555 100.00

Republican

Republican primary results by county .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Simon 30-40% 40-50% 50-60% >90% Riordan 30-40% 40-50% Jones 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 2002 California gubernatorial Republican primary results map by county.svg
Republican primary results by county
  Simon
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   >90%
  Riordan
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  Jones
  •   40–50%
  •   50-60%
  •   60–70%
California gubernatorial Republican primary, 2002
CandidateVotes %
Bill Simon 1,129,97349.44
Richard Riordan 715,76831.32
Bill Jones 387,23716.94
Nick Jesson19,2870.84
Edie Bukewihge14,4360.63
Danney Ball13,1560.58
Jim Dimov5,5950.24
Total votes2,285,452 100.00

Libertarian

California gubernatorial Libertarian primary, 2002
CandidateVotes %
Gary David Copeland19,07998.80
Art Olivier (write-in)2321.20
Total votes19,311 100.00

Others

California gubernatorial primary, 2002 (Others)
PartyCandidateVotes%
Green Peter Miguel Camejo 35,767 100.00
American Independent Reinhold Gulke 26,269 100.00
Natural Law Iris Adam 4,402 100.00

General election

Campaign

Davis was re-elected in the November 2002 general election following a long and bitter campaign against Simon, marked by accusations of ethical lapses on both sides and widespread voter apathy. [12] Simon was also hurt by a financial fraud scandal that tarnished his reputation. [13] Davis' campaign featured several negative ads that highlighted Simon's financial fraud scandal. [14] Simon attacked Davis for supposedly fundraising in the Lieutenant Governor's office during his time as Lt. Governor, but the attack backfired when it turned out the photograph had been instead taken in a private home in Santa Monica. [15] [16] The 2002 gubernatorial race was the most expensive in California state history with over $100 million spent. [17] Davis' campaign was better financed; Davis had over $26 million in campaign reserves more than Simon in August 2002. [14] Davis won re-election with 47.3% of the vote to Simon's 42.4%. The Simon-Davis race led in the lowest turnout percentage in modern gubernatorial history, allowing for a lower than normal number of signatures required for a recall, which ultimately qualified in 2003. [18] Davis won the election but the majority of the voters disliked Davis and did not approve of his job performance. [19] [20]

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political Report [21] Lean DOctober 31, 2002
Sabato's Crystal Ball [22] Likely DNovember 4, 2002

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Gray
Davis (D)		Bill
Simon (R)		Peter
Camejo (G)		Gary
Copeland (L)		Other /
Undecided
SurveyUSA November 1–3, 2002563 (LV)± 4.2%45%39%8%4%5%

Results

2002 California gubernatorial election
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Gray Davis (incumbent) 3,533,490 47.26
Republican Bill Simon 3,169,80142.40
Green Peter Miguel Camejo 393,0365.26
Libertarian Gary David Copeland161,2032.16
American Independent Reinhold Gulke128,0351.71
Natural Law Iris Adam88,4151.18
Write-in 2,3710.03
Invalid or blank votes262,4703.39
Total votes7,738,821 100.00
Turnout  36.05
Democratic hold

Results breakdown

County Davis Votes Simon Votes Camejo VotesCopelandVotesOthersVotes
San Francisco 66.20%143,10215.37%33,21415.50%33,4951.41%3,0481.53%3,297
Alameda 62.83%216,05822.22%76,40711.03%37,9191.91%6,5582.02%6,959
San Mateo 57.95%99,80329.90%51,4977.86%13,5371.86%3,2052.42%4,168
Marin 56.23%49,51227.85%24,52012.16%10,7101.71%1,5022.06%1,811
Santa Cruz 56.03%43,46926.55%20,59812.13%9,4092.29%1,7773.00%2,331
Los Angeles 55.87%953,16234.86%594,7484.27%72,8862.34%39,9342.66%45,329
Santa Clara 55.33%199,39932.43%116,8626.69%24,0972.62%9,4302.94%10,608
Monterey 54.10%47,05236.25%31,5324.36%3,7942.52%2,1912.77%2,405
Imperial 53.29%11,64440.23%8,7892.50%5461.18%2582.80%612
Contra Costa 53.22%140,97535.67%94,4876.30%16,6762.23%5,8942.58%6,838
Solano 52.40%46,38537.86%33,5164.56%4,0381.49%1,3163.69%3,267
Sonoma 50.39%73,07929.93%43,40813.51%19,5992.14%3,0974.03%5,845
San Benito 48.89%6,04941.73%5,1634.07%5042.22%2753.09%382
Napa 47.76%17,51636.77%13,4839.73%3,5702.11%7743.62%1,329
Yolo 47.43%21,98337.72%17,48410.64%4,9341.17%5433.04%1,409
Lake 46.71%7,42440.64%6,4596.07%9652.11%3364.46%709
Humboldt 45.44%19,49937.56%16,11812.05%5,1702.24%9612.70%1,159
Merced 44.56%18,07147.32%19,1911.95%7923.40%1,3792.77%1,125
Santa Barbara 44.32%50,74146.15%52,8325.05%5,7852.26%2,5862.22%2,547
San Joaquin 43.54%53,74747.18%58,2393.75%4,6302.06%2,5403.47%4,287
Stanislaus 43.57%41,90847.91%46,0913.08%2,9671.44%1,3854.00%3,843
Mendocino 43.50%10,83233.45%8,33116.54%4,1192.33%5814.18%1,041
Ventura 43.21%83,55747.16%91,1933.39%6,5632.99%5,7873.25%6,287
Del Norte 43.29%2,92245.82%3,0933.07%2072.44%1655.38%363
San Bernardino 41.23%116,75750.32%142,5132.38%6,7542.29%6,4853.77%10,682
Sacramento 40.82%129,14346.60%147,4567.03%22,2322.10%6,6343.46%10,932
Alpine 40.89%22944.11%2477.14%402.68%155.18%29
San Diego 40.57%268,27851.73%342,0952.75%18,1842.08%13,7422.87%18,999
Riverside 40.25%121,84552.68%159,4401.98%5,9952.18%6,6012.91%8,802
Tuolumne 38.16%6,84651.56%9,2514.31%7731.83%3284.15%744
Fresno 37.96%59,01955.26%85,9102.26%3,5082.29%3,5602.23%3,474
Trinity 37.23%1,83349.17%2,4215.52%2722.84%1405.24%258
Kings 36.65%7,77657.56%12,2121.40%2981.16%2463.22%683
San Luis Obispo 36.40%29,73253.31%43,5525.13%4,1891.98%1,6183.18%2,599
Mono 35.99%1,06452.50%1,5525.21%1542.17%644.13%122
Orange 34.66%222,14957.43%368,1522.60%16,6702.29%14,6683.02%19,369
Amador 34.19%4,43753.91%6,9975.70%7401.90%2464.30%558
Tulare 34.07%21,29459.48%37,1721.74%1,0901.93%1,2082.77%1,734
Nevada 33.93%13,33852.33%20,5738.39%3,2971.89%7433.47%1,364
Inyo 33.62%2,11456.73%3,5673.34%2102.26%1424.06%255
Kern 33.69%46,25060.21%82,6601.43%1,9651.34%1,8393.33%4,574
Calaveras 33.25%5,05253.34%8,1045.76%8752.86%4344.80%729
Plumas 33.06%2,59854.85%4,3104.84%3802.32%1824.94%388
Mariposa 32.78%2,12657.36%3,7203.32%2152.00%1304.53%294
Tehama 32.48%5,00058.54%9,0102.35%3611.65%2544.98%767
Siskiyou 31.87%4,97258.40%9,1122.80%4372.47%3864.46%696
Lassen 31.57%2,42958.64%4,5122.01%1552.16%1665.61%432
Butte 31.63%19,43753.22%32,7069.70%5,9631.71%1,0503.74%2,301
Shasta 31.49%15,29258.95%28,6252.64%1,2831.94%9424.98%2,417
Madera 31.40%8,21761.13%15,9981.98%5171.98%5173.52%920
Sutter 29.85%5,78262.08%12,0243.20%6201.25%2423.62%702
Yuba 29.71%3,44759.50%6,9043.69%4282.15%2494.96%575
Placer 29.66%28,49561.03%58,6234.85%4,6571.56%1,5002.90%2,781
El Dorado 29.43%16,40259.03%32,8986.13%3,4181.92%1,0723.48%1,939
Sierra 29.21%42055.98%8055.01%724.66%675.15%74
Colusa 27.17%1,24365.49%2,9962.86%1311.05%483.43%157
Modoc 26.62%90063.92%2,1611.60%541.98%675.89%199
Glenn 25.86%1,68565.49%4,2682.87%1871.47%964.31%281

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

Notes

  1. ↑ Key:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gray Davis</span> Governor of California from 1999 to 2003

Joseph Graham "Gray" Davis Jr. is an American attorney and former politician who served as the 37th governor of California from 1999 until he was recalled and removed from office in 2003. He is the second state governor in U.S. history to have been recalled, after Lynn Frazier.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bill Simon (politician)</span> American businessman and politician

William Edward Simon Jr. is an American banker, businessman, and politician. In 2002, Simon campaigned unsuccessfully for Governor of California as a Republican against Democratic incumbent Gray Davis. Billed as a "conservative Republican," the virtually unknown Simon's campaign was significantly boosted by support from better-known Republican officeholders from outside California, including former New York City Mayor Rudolph Giuliani and President George W. Bush.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2003 California gubernatorial recall election</span>

The 2003 California gubernatorial recall election was a special election permitted under California state law. It resulted in voters replacing incumbent Democratic Governor Gray Davis with Republican Arnold Schwarzenegger. The recall effort spanned the latter half of 2003. Seven of the nine previous governors, including Davis, had faced unsuccessful recall attempts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richard Riordan</span> American businessman and politician (1930–2023)

Richard Joseph Riordan was an American businessman, investor, military commander, philanthropist, and politician. A decorated Korean War veteran and a member of the Republican Party, Riordan served as the 39th mayor of Los Angeles from 1993 to 2001; as of 2023, he remains the last Republican to hold that office. He ran for governor in the 2002 California gubernatorial election, losing the Republican primary. After politics, he resumed his business career, specializing in private equity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2006 Illinois gubernatorial election</span>

The 2006 Illinois gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 2006. Incumbent Democratic Governor Rod Blagojevich won re-election to a second four-year term scheduled to have ended on January 10, 2011. However, Blagojevich did not complete his term, as he was impeached and removed from office in 2009. This was the first election since 1964 that a Democrat was re-elected governor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2006 Texas gubernatorial election</span> Election for the governorship of the U.S. state of Texas

The 2006 Texas gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 2006, to elect the governor of Texas. The election was a rare five-way race, with incumbent Republican Governor Rick Perry running for re-election against Democrat Chris Bell and Independents Carole Keeton Strayhorn and Kinky Friedman, as well as Libertarian nominee James Werner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John H. Cox</span> American attorney, businessman, broadcaster, and political activist

John Herman Cox is an American businessman, housing developer, and political activist, who has run for public office several times, mostly recently for Governor of California as a Republican Party candidate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1998 California gubernatorial election</span>

The 1998 California gubernatorial election was an election that occurred on November 3, 1998, resulting in the election of Lieutenant Governor Gray Davis as the state's first Democratic governor in 16 years. Davis won the general election by an almost 20% margin over his closest opponent, Republican Attorney General Dan Lungren. Davis succeeded Pete Wilson who was term limited.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002 United States gubernatorial elections</span>

United States gubernatorial elections were held on November 5, 2002, in 36 states and two territories. The Republicans won eight seats previously held by the Democrats, as well as the seat previously held by Minnesota governor Jesse Ventura, who was elected on the Reform Party ticket but had since renounced his party affiliation. The Democrats won 10 seats previously held by the Republicans, as well as the seat previously held by Maine governor Angus King, an independent. The elections were held concurrently with the other United States elections of 2002.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2004 United States Senate election in California</span>

The 2004 United States Senate election in California took place on November 2, 2004 alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer ran for re-election and defeated Republican former Secretary of State Bill Jones. Boxer's 6.96 million votes set the all-time record for the most votes cast for one candidate in one state in one election, although it was surpassed by Senator Dianne Feinstein's 7.75 million votes in 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2003 Mississippi gubernatorial election</span> Election for the governorship of the U.S. state of Mississippi

The 2003 Mississippi gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 2003 to elect the governor of the U.S. state of Mississippi. Former Republican National Committee chairman Haley Barbour defeated incumbent Democrat Ronnie Musgrove by a margin of 6.78%.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2009 New Jersey gubernatorial election</span> Election of Chris Christie as New Jersey governor

The 2009 New Jersey gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 2009. Incumbent Democratic Governor Jon Corzine ran for a second term against Republican Chris Christie, Independent Christopher Daggett, and nine others, in addition to several write-in candidates. Christie won the election, with about 48.5 percent of the vote, to 44.9 percent for Corzine and 5.8 percent for Daggett. He assumed office on January 19, 2010. This was the first election to fill the newly created office of lieutenant governor, with the candidates for governor choosing their running mates. Kim Guadagno, Christie's running mate, became New Jersey's first lieutenant governor following her inauguration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 California gubernatorial election</span> Election for the governorship of the U.S. state of California

The 2014 California gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 2014, to elect the Governor of California, concurrently with elections for the rest of California's executive branch, as well as elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Michigan gubernatorial election</span> American state election

The 2014 Michigan gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 2014, to elect the Governor of Michigan, concurrently with the election of Michigan's Class II U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Garry South</span>

Garry South is a Democratic political strategist based in California and principal of Garry South Consulting. He is best known for managing Democrat Gray Davis’ successful gubernatorial campaigns in both 1998 and 2002. In 1998, the California Democratic Party had not been successful in electing a governor for 20 years and only three Democrats had won previously in the entire 20th century. In 2011, the journal Capitol Weekly designated South among the top 50 most influential political players in California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 United States gubernatorial elections</span>

United States gubernatorial elections were held on November 2, 2021, in two states, New Jersey and Virginia, and a recall election was held in California on September 14. These elections form part of the 2021 United States elections. The last gubernatorial elections for New Jersey and Virginia were in 2017, and the last regular gubernatorial election for California was in 2018. Going into the elections, all three seats were held by Democrats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Nevada gubernatorial election</span>

The 2022 Nevada gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 2022, to elect the governor of Nevada. Incumbent Democratic governor Steve Sisolak lost re-election to a second term, being defeated by Republican nominee, Clark County Sheriff, Joe Lombardo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 California gubernatorial election</span> Re-election of Gavin Newsom as Governor of California

The 2022 California gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the governor of California, with the statewide top-two primary election taking place on June 7, 2022. Incumbent Democratic Party Governor Gavin Newsom was re-elected to a second term after surviving a recall election in 2021, during his first term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Illinois gubernatorial election</span> Election for Governor of Illinois

The 2022 Illinois gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 2022, to elect the governor of Illinois, concurrently with the 2022 Illinois general election. Gubernatorial candidates ran on tickets with candidates for lieutenant governor. The incumbent governor and lieutenant governor, first-term Democrats J. B. Pritzker and Juliana Stratton, sought re-election together against Republican nominees Illinois State Senator Darren Bailey and his running mate Stephanie Trussell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 California gubernatorial recall election</span> 2021 attempt to remove Governor Gavin Newsom from office

The 2021 California gubernatorial recall election was a special recall election that began in August 2021 and concluded on September 14, 2021, when California voters chose not to recall incumbent Democratic Governor Gavin Newsom, elected for the term January 2019 to January 2023.

References

  1. ↑ "'Fight' seen in California's governor's race". Archives.cnn.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  2. ↑ Lynda Gledhill (December 13, 2001). "Riordan has edge on Davis in polls, Governor's mixed reviews seen to benefit challenger". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  3. ↑ Carla Marinucci (January 26, 2002). "Davis ad assails Riordan GOP rival's stand on abortion rights challenged". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  4. ↑ Wildermuth, John (January 29, 2002). "Riordan silent on abortion flap Davis ad hits GOP governor hopeful for giving to thousands to anti-choice groups". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  5. 1 2 "Top GOP governor candidates trade attacks Surveys show Simon closing in on Riordan's once imposing primary lead". Sfgate.com. February 22, 2002. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  6. ↑ "Kevin Cooper Awaits DNA Test Results". Archived from the original on November 27, 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
  7. ↑ Saunders, Debra J. (January 27, 2002). "A man for all reasons". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  8. ↑ Asseo, Laurie. "Court nixes 'blanket' primaries." Salon News. June 26, 2000. Associated Press writer. Accessed on August 13, 2007. http://www.salon.com/politics/2000/06/26/blanket/.
  9. ↑ Maisel, Sandy. "Closing the Door on Moderation, One Seat at a Time." The Jewish Daily Forward. Friday, August 18, 2006. Accessed on August 13, 2007. http://www.forward.com/articles/1076/.
  10. ↑ Richard L. Berke (March 6, 2002). "Novice Wins G.O.P. Primary for Governor of California". New York Times. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  11. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 21, 2008. Retrieved August 21, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ↑ Carla Marinucci (September 5, 2002). "Davis, Simon heartily disliked Voter disenchantment has soared to unprecedented level, poll says". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  13. ↑ Economist.com. "Gray Davis." http://www.economist.com/research/backgrounders/displaybackgrounder.cfm?bg=1922064
  14. 1 2 Carla Marinucci, Lynda Gledhill, Chronicle Staff Writers. "Davis turns up heat as Simon pares down: New ads roast GOP rival as he trims staff." The San Francisco Chronicle. Friday, August 16, 2002. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2002/08/16/MN76308.DTL
  15. ↑ Carla Marinucci (October 9, 2002). "Simon's attack on Davis backfires 'Evidence' photo isn't clear proof of illegal donation". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  16. ↑ "Simon Offers Snafu 'Regret'". Los Angeles Times. October 11, 2002. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  17. ↑ Cal Votes 2002 Archived 2010-06-14 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ↑ "Polling in the Governor's Race in California". Ppic.org. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  19. ↑ Lynda Gledhill (July 11, 2002). "Davis ekes out 7-point lead over Simon Field Poll shows voters against hopeful rather than for governor". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  20. ↑ Robert Salladay (November 6, 2002). "NEWS ANALYSIS Big challenges ahead for not-exactly-popular incumbent". Sfgate.com. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  21. ↑ "Governor Updated October 31, 2002 | The Cook Political Report". The Cook Political Report. October 31, 2002. Archived from the original on December 8, 2002. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
  22. ↑ "Governors Races". www.centerforpolitics.org. November 4, 2002. Archived from the original on December 12, 2002. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.