Westminster, California

Last updated

Westminster, California
City
WestminsterCityHall.webp
Westminster City Hall, Tet 2024
Flag of Westminster, California.gif
Flag
Westminster CA seal.jpg
Seal
Motto: 
"The City of Progress Built on Pride." [1]
Orange County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Westminster Highlighted.svg
Location of Westminster within Orange County, California
Usa edcp relief location map.png
Red pog.svg
Westminster, California
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 33°45′5″N117°59′38″W / 33.75139°N 117.99389°W / 33.75139; -117.99389
Country United States
State California
County Orange [2]
Incorporated (city) March 27, 1957 [3]
Government
 • Type Council-Manager
 •  Mayor Chi Charlie Nguyen
 •  Vice Mayor Carlos Manzo(District 2)
 •  City council [4]
  • Amy Phan West(District 1)
  • Carlos Manzo(District 2)
  • Mark Nguyen(District 3)
  • Nam Quan Nguyen(District 4)
 •  City manager Christine Cordon [5]
Area
[6]
 • Total
10.04 sq mi (26.00 km2)
 • Land10.04 sq mi (26.00 km2)
 • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)  0%
Elevation
[2]
39 ft (12 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
90,911
 • Rank 92nd in California (2024)
 • Density9,100/sq mi (3,500/km2)
Time zone UTC−8 (PST)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP Codes
92683–92685
Area codes 657/714
FIPS code 06-84550
GNIS feature IDs 1652811, 2412236
Website www.westminster-ca.gov

Westminster is a city in western Orange County, California, United States. Westminster was founded in 1870 by Rev. Lemuel Webber as a Presbyterian temperance colony and was incorporated in 1957.

Contents

Westminster is bordered by the city of Seal Beach on the west, by Garden Grove on the north and east, and by Huntington Beach and Fountain Valley on the south. Santa Ana, the county seat of Orange County, is east of Westminster.

Westminster has one of the largest Vietnamese populations in the US. They settled largely in Little Saigon, [7] and the city is known as the "capital" of overseas Vietnamese with 39,799 Vietnamese Americans, or 43.8% of the total population, as of the 2020 United States census. [8]

In the court case Mendez v. Westminster (1947), a Hispanic man sued the Westminster School District for forcing his daughter, Sylvia Mendez, to attend a school for Mexican children. They eventually won and thus began the process of desegregation. Sylvia Mendez was later awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama on February 15, 2011.

Westminster won the All-America City Award in 1996. [9]

History

Westminster was founded in 1870 by Rev. Lemuel Webber as a Presbyterian temperance colony. The name is derived from the Westminster Assembly of 1643, which established the basic tenets of the Presbyterian faith. During the early years of its history, farmers refused to harvest grapes since they associated grapes with alcohol.

During the late 1800s, arable land held dairy farms alongside agricultural plots which cultivated walnuts, strawberries, celery, and lima beans until they were replaced by the sugar beet industry at the turn of the century. [7] [10]

A change in tariffs laws along with an influx of beet pests resulted in the collapse of the Southern California Sugar Beet Industry [11] and was supplemented by goldfish farms. [7]

Transitions from agricultural spacing to suburban housing was delayed by the economic strain of the Great Depression and later 1933 earthquake as well as a severe flood in 1938. [7] [10] The varied residential landscape is a direct result from the relatively early homeowner development of less uniform spaces. [10]

Westminster was incorporated in 1957, at which time it had 10,755 residents. Originally, the city was named Tri-City because it was to be the amalgamation of three cities: Westminster, Barber City, and Midway City. Midway City ultimately refused incorporation, leaving only Barber City to be absorbed into the new city, which changed its name to Westminster in a vote just five months later. [12] The former Barber City was located in the western portion of the current city of Westminster.

The city has attracted large numbers of immigrants, refugees, and LGBTQ+ groups due to historic accessibility and community that had been built. [10] One of the most notable examples of this is the influx of a Vietnamese refugee population during the 1970s due to the Vietnam War. [13] Westminster hosts a portion of Little Saigon, the largest population of ethnically Vietnamese people outside of Vietnam. The heart of the enclave runs along Bolsa Avenue, [13] where historic shops such as Danh's Pharmacy [14] (one of the first Vietnamese businesses on the street) and cultural icons like Asian Garden Mall [15] (also known as Phước Lộc Thọ) line the street. The area is the first officially recognized Vietnamese business enclave. [10] [16]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.0 square miles (26 km2), all land. The San Diego Freeway and a short segment of the Garden Grove Freeway pass through Westminster.

Westminster is bordered by the city of Seal Beach on the west, by Garden Grove on the north and east, and by Huntington Beach and Fountain Valley on the south. Santa Ana, the county seat of Orange County, is east of Westminster, although a small portion of Garden Grove lies between the two cities. Westminster borders the unincorporated area of Midway City, except for a small portion where Midway City borders Huntington Beach on the south. The Little Saigon district of the town is mostly situated on Bolsa Avenue between Magnolia Street and Brookhurst Street. [17]

Climate

Climate data for Westminster
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)69.1
(20.6)		70.0
(21.1)		71.1
(21.7)		73.9
(23.3)		75.0
(23.9)		79.0
(26.1)		82.9
(28.3)		84.0
(28.9)		82.9
(28.3)		80.1
(26.7)		73.9
(23.3)		70.0
(21.1)		76.0
(24.4)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)46.9
(8.3)		48.0
(8.9)		50
(10)		52.0
(11.1)		55.9
(13.3)		60.1
(15.6)		63.0
(17.2)		64.0
(17.8)		63.0
(17.2)		57.9
(14.4)		51.1
(10.6)		46.0
(7.8)		54.8
(12.7)
Average precipitation inches (mm)3.18
(81)		3.05
(77)		2.78
(71)		0.67
(17)		0.25
(6.4)		0.11
(2.8)		0.02
(0.51)		0.12
(3.0)		0.34
(8.6)		0.36
(9.1)		1.17
(30)		1.79
(45)		13.84
(351.41)
Source: www.intellicast.com, September 2017 [18]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1890 585—
1900 1,590171.8%
1910 4,550186.2%
1920 7,99775.8%
1930 14,82285.3%
1940 16,1158.7%
1950 23,43345.4%
1960 33,66343.7%
1970 60,07678.5%
1980 71,13318.4%
1990 78,1189.8%
2000 88,20712.9%
2010 89,7011.7%
2020 90,9111.3%
U.S. Decennial Census [19]
1850–1870 [20] [21] 1880–1890 [22]
1900 [23] 1910 [24] 1920 [25]
1930 [26] 1940 [27] 1950 [28]
1960 [29] 1970 [30] 1980 [31]
1990 [32] 2000 [33] 2010 [34] 2020 [35]
Westminster city, California – Racial and Ethnic Composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)Pop 2000 [36] Pop 2010 [37] Pop 2020 [35] % 2000% 2010% 2020
White alone (NH)31,96222,97217,96236.24%25.61%19.76%
Black or African American alone (NH)7647008530.87%0.78%0.94%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)2931321460.33%0.15%0.16%
Asian alone (NH)33,51142,41446,51337.99%47.28%51.16%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH)3933244150.45%0.36%0.46%
Other race alone (NH)1011132500.11%0.13%0.27%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)2,0451,8702,4272.32%2.08%2.67%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)19,13821,17622,34521.70%23.61%24.58%
Total88,20789,70190,911100.00%100.00%100.00%

2020

The 2020 United States census reported that Westminster had a population of 90,911. The population density was 9,056.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,496.8/km2). The racial makeup of Westminster was 23.1% White, 1.0% African American, 0.8% Native American, 51.4% Asian, 0.5% Pacific Islander, 14.3% from other races, and 8.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.6% of the population. [38]

The census reported that 99.3% of the population lived in households, 0.3% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0.4% were institutionalized. [38]

There were 27,025 households, out of which 34.6% included children under the age of 18, 52.5% were married-couple households, 5.1% were cohabiting couple households, 26.0% had a female householder with no partner present, and 16.4% had a male householder with no partner present. 16.1% of households were one person, and 9.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.34. [38] There were 21,111 families (78.1% of all households). [39]

The age distribution was 19.1% under the age of 18, 9.6% aged 18 to 24, 23.8% aged 25 to 44, 28.9% aged 45 to 64, and 18.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. [38]

There were 27,910 housing units at an average density of 2,780.4 units per square mile (1,073.5 units/km2), of which 27,025 (96.8%) were occupied. Of these, 53.7% were owner-occupied, and 46.3% were occupied by renters. [38]

In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that the median household income was $82,686, and the per capita income was $34,477. About 14.0% of families and 15.8% of the population were below the poverty line. [40]

2010

At the 2010 census Westminster had a population of 89,701. The population density was 8,926.5 inhabitants per square mile (3,446.5/km2). The racial makeup of Westminster was 32,037 (35.7%) White (25.6% Non-Hispanic White), [41] 849 (0.9%) African American, 397 (0.4%) Native American, 42,597 (47.5%) Asian, 361 (0.4%) Pacific Islander, 10,229 (11.4%) from other races, and 3,231 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21,176 persons (23.6%). A total of 36,058 residents were of Vietnamese ancestry (40.2% of city residents), the highest concentration of Vietnamese Americans of any community in the United States. [42]

The census reported that 89,031 people (99.3% of the population) lived in households, 381 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 289 (0.3%) were institutionalized.

There were 26,164 households, 10,759 (41.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 14,986 (57.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,681 (14.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,810 (6.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,114 (4.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 151 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,247 households (16.2%) were one person and 2,170 (8.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.40. There were 20,477 families (78.3% of households); the average family size was 3.74.

The age distribution was 20,920 people (23.3%) under the age of 18, 8,568 people (9.6%) aged 18 to 24, 24,065 people (26.8%) aged 25 to 44, 23,356 people (26.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 12,792 people (14.3%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 38.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.

There were 27,650 housing units at an average density of 2,751.5 per square mile, of the occupied units 15,135 (57.8%) were owner-occupied and 11,029 (42.2%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.3%. 51,408 people (57.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 37,623 people (41.9%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Westminster had a median household income of $52,633, with 16.7% of the population living below the federal poverty line. [41]

Government

Westminster city vote
by party in presidential elections
Year Democratic Republican Third Parties
2020 [43] 44.66% 18,73853.81%22,5771.53% 644
2016 [44] 54.80%16,78539.43% 12,0785.77% 1,767
2012 [45] 50.00%14,60747.59% 13,9022.41% 704
2008 [46] 42.08% 13,06956.03%17,4021.89% 586
2004 [47] 34.71% 10,50164.16%19,4131.13% 341
2000 [48] 42.73% 11,45353.87%14,4393.40% 912
1996 [49] 41.33% 9,94548.34%11,63010.33% 2,486
1992 [50] 32.35% 8,93543.48%12,01124.17% 6,677
1988 [51] 32.88% 9,05865.83%18,1331.29% 356
1984 [52] 25.76% 7,24673.09%20,5611.15% 323
1980 [53] 25.40% 6,80565.52%17,5539.08% 2,432

In the California State Legislature, Westminster is in the 36th senatorial district , represented by Republican Tony Strickland, and in the 70th Assembly district , represented by Republican Tri Ta. [54]

In the United States House of Representatives, Westminster is in California's 45th congressional district, represented by Democrat Derek Tran. [55]

In the Orange County Board of Supervisors, Westminster is in first district represented by Janet Nguyen since 2024.

It has a city council form of local government. [56]

The city council is the legislative body of Westminster and elected to four-year terms in their respective district, a total of four. It focuses on maintaining order and resolving issues to progress development of the city. Westminster also has a mayor in addition to the city council. Chi Charlie Nguyen is the current mayor for Westminster since 2022. [57]

Crime

2023 Uniform Crime Report data [58]
Aggravated AssaultHomicideRapeRobberyBurglaryLarceny TheftMotor Vehicle TheftArson
Westminster271315924341,73928110

Economy

Top employers

According to the city's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, [59] the top employers in the city are:

#Employer# of Employees
1 Westminster School District 1,029
2Kindred Hospital-Westminster450
3 Walmart 346
4 Target 325
5City of Westminster320
6 Macy's 300
7Honda World217
8 Westminster High School 200
9 J. C. Penney Co 185

Business sector

Westminster Mall entrance Westminster Mall Entrance.JPG
Westminster Mall entrance

The city's major shopping mall is Westminster Mall, which consists of more than 180 stores. The mall is located south of the 405 freeway, between Goldenwest Street and Edwards Street. Westminster's Little Saigon community is home to the Asian Garden Mall (Phước Lộc Thọ), a large Asian mall.

Since joining the Sequential Brands company, the DVS Shoes footwear brand relocated from Torrance, California to Westminster. The company's headquarters is located on Fenwick Lane. [60]

Education

Four school districts have boundaries that cover parts of Westminster: [61]

Huntington Beach Union HSD operates Westminster High School, while Garden Grove USD operates La Quinta High School.

Some sections of HBUHSD Westminster are zoned to Ocean View High School. [62]

Asahi Gakuen, a part-time Japanese school, leases La Quinta on Saturdays for its Orange County campus. [63] Previously Bolsa Grande High School in Garden Grove, next to Westminster housed the Asahi Gakuen Orange County campus. [64]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Orange County Transportation Authority operates bus service in Westminster. [65]

Water services

Water in Westminster is supplied by the City of Westminster Water Division, which sources its water from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California via Municipal Water District of Orange County. This water is imported from Northern California and the Colorado River. In addition, groundwater is pumped from an underground aquifer managed by Orange County Water District by 9 wells within the city. [66]

Landmarks

Memorial Park and Mortuary Statue of the "Boat People" Westminister Mortuary Park Statue.jpg
Memorial Park and Mortuary Statue of the "Boat People"

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ "Westminster, California" . Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  2. 1 2 "Westminster". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior . Retrieved November 18, 2014.
  3. ↑ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  4. ↑ "Mayor and City Council Members". City of Westminster. Retrieved January 22, 2023.
  5. ↑ "City Manager". City of Westminster. Retrieved July 9, 2024.
  6. ↑ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "History of Westminster". City of Westminster. Retrieved June 26, 2023.
  8. ↑ "Census Bureau Tables - T01001: Total Population". Census.gov. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  9. ↑ "AAC Winners by State and City". National Civic League . Retrieved May 2, 2013.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Lewinnek, Elaine; Arellano, Gustavo; Vo Dang, Thuy (2022). A People's Guide to Orange County. Vol. 4 (1 ed.). University of California Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctv2j6xf5f.6. ISBN   978-0-520-29995-5. JSTOR   j.ctv2j6xf5f.
  11. ↑ Armor, Samuel; Pleasants, J. E. (1921). History of Orange County, California : with biographical sketches of the leading men and women of the county who have been identified with its earliest growth and development from the early days to the present. Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center. Los Angeles : Historic Record Co.
  12. ↑ Brigandi, Phil (June 1, 2006). Orange County Place Names A to Z (Adventures in the Natural History and Cultural Heritage of the Californias) (1st ed.). San Diego, California: Sunbelt Publications. ISBN   978-0932653796.
  13. 1 2 Allen-Kim, Erica S. (2014). "Exile on the Commercial Strip: Vietnam War Memorials in Little Saigon and the Politics of Commemoration" . Buildings & Landscapes: Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum. 21 (2): 31–56. doi:10.5749/buildland.21.2.0031. ISSN   1936-0886. JSTOR   10.5749/buildland.21.2.0031.
  14. ↑ Oral History of Danh Nhut Quach (in Vietnamese), Danh Nhut Quach, May 6, 2012, retrieved May 15, 2025{{citation}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  15. ↑ Lieu, Nhi T. (2011). The American Dream in Vietnamese (NED - New ed.). University of Minnesota Press. pp. Chapter 2 Vietnamese by Other Means: The Overlapping Diasporas of Little Saigon, 41–43. ISBN   978-0-8166-6569-3. JSTOR   10.5749/j.ctttvbnb.
  16. ↑ Asian America: Forming New Communities, Expanding Boundaries. Rutgers University Press. 2009. ISBN   978-0-8135-4486-1. JSTOR   j.ctt5hj6vq.
  17. ↑ "City Boundaries". Orange County GIS. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
  18. ↑ "Westminster historic weather averages". Intellicast. Retrieved September 30, 2017.
  19. ↑ "Decennial Census by Decade". United States Census Bureau . Archived from the original on July 6, 2022.
  20. ↑ "1870 Census of Population - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties - California - Almeda County to Sutter County" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on September 7, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  21. ↑ "1870 Census of Population - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties - California - Tehama County to Yuba County" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  22. ↑ "1890 Census of Population - Population of California by Minor Civil Divisions" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
  23. ↑ "1900 Census of Population - Population of California by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 12, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  24. ↑ "1910 Census of Population - Supplement for California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 23, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  25. ↑ "1920 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
  26. ↑ "1930 Census of Population - Number and Distribution of Inhabitants - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  27. ↑ "1940 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on September 18, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  28. ↑ "1950 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on September 21, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  29. ↑ "1960 Census of Population - General population Characteristics - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 12, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  30. ↑ "1970 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 12, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  31. ↑ "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 23, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  32. ↑ "1990 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on August 14, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  33. ↑ "2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
  34. ↑ "2010 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Archived (PDF) from the original on February 4, 2023. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  35. 1 2 "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Westminster city, California". United States Census Bureau .
  36. ↑ "P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Westminster city, California". United States Census Bureau .
  37. ↑ "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Westminster city, California". United States Census Bureau .
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 "Westminster city, California; DP1: Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics - 2020 Census of Population and Housing". US Census Bureau. Retrieved June 27, 2025.
  39. ↑ "Westminster city, California; P16: Household Type - 2020 Census of Population and Housing". US Census Bureau. Retrieved June 27, 2025.
  40. ↑ "Westminster city, California; DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics - 2023 ACS 5-Year Estimates Comparison Profiles". US Census Bureau. Retrieved June 27, 2025.
  41. 1 2 "Westminster (city) QuickFacts". Archived from the original on March 22, 2015. Retrieved December 20, 2013.
  42. ↑ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Westminster city". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  43. ↑ "Current Election Results | OC Vote". www.ocvote.com.
  44. ↑ "certified statement of the votes cast at the Presidential Election November 8, 2016" (PDF). Retrieved March 18, 2020.
  45. ↑ "SOV.xls" (PDF). www.ocvote.com. 2012. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  46. ↑ "SOV.xls" (PDF). www.ocvote.com. 2008. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  47. ↑ "SOV.xls" (PDF). www.ocvote.com. November 29, 2004. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  48. ↑ "SOV.xls" (PDF). Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  49. ↑ California. Secretary of State (March 30, 1968). "Statement of vote". Sacramento, Calif. : The Secretary – via Internet Archive.
  50. ↑ California. Secretary of State (March 30, 1968). "Statement of vote". Sacramento, Calif. : The Secretary – via Internet Archive.
  51. ↑ Statement of the Vote. Sacramento, Calif. : The Secretary. 1968.
  52. ↑ Statement of the Vote. Sacramento, Calif. : The Secretary. 1968.
  53. ↑ Statement of the Vote. Sacramento, Calif. : The Secretary. 1968.
  54. ↑ "California Districts". UC Regents. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
  55. ↑ "California Districts". UC Regents. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  56. ↑ Do, Anh (August 28, 2019). "Infighting threatens Westminster's leadership and its Vietnamese American council majority". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved August 28, 2019.
  57. ↑ "Mayor and City Council Members | Westminster, CA". www.westminster-ca.gov. Archived from the original on March 5, 2025. Retrieved May 17, 2025.
  58. ↑ "https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/LATEST/webapp/#/pages/explorer/crime/crime-trend". cde.ucr.cjis.gov. Archived from the original on May 12, 2025. Retrieved May 12, 2025.{{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  59. ↑ City of Westminster CAFR
  60. ↑ "Contact Us". DVS Shoes. December 2013. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
  61. ↑ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Orange County, CA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. p. 1 (PDF p. 2/4). Retrieved July 16, 2024. - Text list
  62. ↑ "School Locator". Huntington Beach Union High School District . Retrieved July 16, 2024. - Compare to a map of Westminster
  63. ↑ "Home". Asahi Gakuen. Retrieved July 15, 2024. オレンジ校 La Quinta High School
  64. ↑ "Orange". Asahi Gakuen. Archived from the original on December 16, 2001. Retrieved July 16, 2024. BOLSA GRANDE HIGH SCHOOL 9401 Westminster Ave., CA 92644
  65. ↑ "2024 Westminster Fact Sheet" (PDF). www.octa.net. Retrieved May 20, 2025.
  66. ↑ Westminster 2024 WQR
  67. ↑ "Vietnam War Memorial in Westminster". letsgoseeit.com.
  68. ↑ "Jeromy Burnitz Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  69. ↑ "Mike Burns Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  70. ↑ "Paul Caligiuri". Major League Soccer . Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  71. ↑ "Mark Eaton". Basketball-Reference.Com. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  72. ↑ "Ryan Klesko Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  73. ↑ Karnow, p. 457.
  74. ↑ "Indo-china: The Privileged Exiles". Time . May 12, 1975. Archived from the original on October 16, 2008. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  75. ↑ "2021 Football Roster". gohuskies.com. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  76. ↑ Fawthrop, Tom (February 22, 2011). "Vang Pao obituary". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved January 28, 2020.
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