2016 United States Senate election in California

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2016 United States Senate election in California
Flag of California.svg
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  Senator Harris official senate portrait.jpg Loretta Sanchez official photo (cropped).jpg
Candidate Kamala Harris Loretta Sanchez
Party Democratic Democratic
Popular vote7,542,7534,701,417
Percentage61.60%38.40%
2016 United States Senate election in California results map by county.svg
CA-2016-sen-districts.svg

Harris:     50–60%     60–70%     70–80%     80–90%

Contents

Sanchez:     50–60%     60–70%
U.S. senator before election

Barbara Boxer
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Kamala Harris
Democratic

The 2016 United States Senate election in California was held on November 8, 2016, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of California, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

Under California's nonpartisan blanket primary law, all candidates appear on the same ballot, regardless of party. In the primary, voters may vote for any candidate, regardless of their party affiliation. In the California system, the top two finishers—regardless of party—advance to the general election in November, even if a candidate receives a majority of the vote in the primary election. Washington and Louisiana have similar "jungle primary" style processes for senators.

Incumbent Democratic Senator Barbara Boxer decided to not run for reelection to a fifth term. [1] This was the first open seat Senate election in California since 1992, when Boxer was first elected. [2] In the primary on June 7, 2016, California Attorney General Kamala Harris and U.S. Representative Loretta Sanchez, both Democrats, finished in first and second place, respectively, and contested the general election. For the first time since direct elections to the Senate began after the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, no Republican appeared on the general election ballot for U.S. Senate in California. The highest Republican finisher in the primary won only 7.8 percent of the vote, and the 10 Republicans only won 27.9 percent of the vote among them. [3]

In the general election, Harris defeated Sanchez in a landslide, carrying 54 of the state's 58 counties, including Sanchez's home county of Orange, although Sanchez held Harris to a margin of less than 1% in the Central Valley counties of Kern and Merced. Harris served in the Senate for roughly 4 years as she resigned after being elected Vice President in 2020.

Background

Barbara Boxer was reelected with 52.1% of the vote in 2010 against Republican Carly Fiorina. Toward the end of 2014, Boxer's low fundraising and cash-on-hand numbers led to speculation that she would retire. [4] [5] On January 8, 2015, she announced that she would not run for reelection. [1]

Candidates

Democratic Party

Advanced to general

Eliminated in primary

  • Cristina Grappo [8]
  • Massie Munroe, engineer [8]
  • Herbert G. Peters [8]
  • Emory Rodgers, activist [9]
  • Steve Stokes, small business owner and independent candidate for CA-28 in 2014 [10]

Withdrew

Declined

Endorsements

Kamala Harris
Federal politicians
State-level officials
Local-level officials
Organizations
Loretta Sánchez
Federal politicians
State-level officials
Local-level officials
Organizations

Republican Party

Eliminated in primary

Withdrew

Declined

Endorsements

Rocky Chávez
State politicians
Organizations
  • Deputy Sheriff's Association of San Diego County [135]
Duf Sundheim
Federal politicians
State politicians
Businesspeople
Organizations
  • California Small Business Association [139]
Tom Del Beccaro

Green Party

Declared

  • Pamela Elizondo [8]

Libertarian Party

Declared

Peace and Freedom Party

Declared

  • John Thompson Parker [8]

Independent

Declared

Declined

Primary election

Fundraising

The following are Federal Election Commission disclosures through the reporting period ending March 31, 2016.

Candidate (party)ReceiptsDisbursementsCash on handDebt
Kamala Harris (D)$9,749,024$4,759,048$4,989,977$78,900
Loretta Sánchez (D)$3,251,186$921,291$2,329,895$209,217
Tom Del Beccaro (R)$316,560$238,612$77,946$74,465
George 'Duf' Sundheim (R)$532,638$475,415$57,222$181,640
Phillip Wyman (R)$48,900$11,761$30,737$40,000
Clive Grey (NPP)$38,916$21,554$17,361$25,000
Greg Conlon (R)$21,205$13,396$7,809$9,575
Mike Beitiks (NPP)$6,305$4,860$1,444$0
Steve Stokes (D)$4,864$4,351$762$4,742
Emory Rodgers (D)$7,246$6,988$290$0
Tom Palzer (R)$2,783$2,442$241$0

Polling

Poll
source		Date(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Tom
Del Beccaro (R)		Kamala
Harris (D)		Loretta
Sánchez (D)		Duf
Sundheim (R)		Ron
Unz (R)		OtherUndecided
Marist College May 29–31, 20162,485± 2.3%8%37%19%5%5%3%24%
The Field Poll Archived June 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine May 26–31, 20161,002± 3.1%4%30%14%3%3%19%27%
Public Policy Institute of California Archived August 10, 2019, at the Wayback Machine May 13–22, 2016996± 4.3%8%27%19%3%6%—22%
SurveyUSA May 19–22, 20161,416± 2.7%9%31%22%9%7%7%15%
Public Policy Institute of California May 13–22, 2016996± 4.3%8%27%19%3%6%6%31%
Hoover Institution May 4–16, 20161,196–6%26%13%6%6%–43%
SurveyUSA April 27–30, 20162,400± 2.6%10%29%18%7%8%6%22%
SurveyUSA March 30 – April 3, 20161,269± 2.8%8%26%22%5%–7%24%
The Field Poll Archived April 19, 2016, at the Wayback Machine March 24 – April 4, 20161,400± 3.2%4%27%14%2%5%–48%
Los Angeles Times March 16–23, 2016691–10%33%15%8%––34%
Public Policy Institute of California March 6–15, 20161,710± 3.6%9%26%17%6%–11%31%
The Field Poll December 15, 2015 – January 3, 2016730± 3.6%3%27%15%3%–1%44%
The Field Poll September 17 – October 4, 2015694± 4.3%6%30%17%3%–1%34%
Los Angeles Times August 29 – September 8, 20151,500± 2.8%10%26%17%–––35%
The Field Poll April 23 – May 16, 2015801± 3.5%5%19%8%1%––58%
Hypothetical polling
Poll
source		Date(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Rocky
Chavez (R)		David
Dreier (R)		John
Estrada (R)		Kamala
Harris (D)		Adam
Schiff (D)		Ashley
Swearengin (R)		Meg
Whitman (R)		OtherUnde-
cided
Emerson College Archived November 7, 2016, at the Wayback Machine April 2–8, 2015881± 3.2%9%1%1%23%2%4%13%7%41%
Poll
source		Date(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Rocky
Chavez (R)		Del Beccaro/
Sundheim (R)		Kamala
Harris (D)		Adam
Schiff (D)		Ashley
Swearengin (R)		Antonio
Villaraigosa (D)		OtherUndecided
USC Archived March 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine February 18–24, 20151,505± 2.7%6%5.5% [166] 28%5%9%19%2%27%
Poll
source		Date(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Mary
Bono (R)		David
Dreier (R)		Kamala
Harris (D)		Adam
Schiff (D)		Antonio
Villaraigosa (D)		Undecided
Public Policy Polling (D) [167] [168] February 6–8, 2015824± ?14%19%34%4%16%14%
Poll
source		Date(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Kamala
Harris (D)		Adam
Schiff (D)		Ashley
Swearengin (R)		Antonio
Villaraigosa (D)		Undecided
Garin-Hart-Yang Research Archived February 4, 2015, at the Wayback Machine [169] [170] [171] January 27–29, 2015600± 428%4%31%18%19%
Poll
source		Date(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Xavier
Becerra (D)		Rocky
Chavez (R)		Kamala
Harris (D)		Condoleezza
Rice (R)		Loretta
Sanchez (D)		Antonio
Villaraigosa (D)		Undecided
Public Policy Polling (D) [172] January 22, 2015627± ?3%2%34%33%4%9%15%
Poll
source		Date(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Eric
Garcetti (D)		Kamala
Harris (D)		Neel
Kashkari (R)		Tom
McClintock (R)		Linda
Sánchez (D)		Jackie
Speier (D)		Tom
Steyer (D)		Undecided
Public Policy Polling (D) [173] December 29–30, 2014401± ?7%27%12%28%6%—6%14%
468—22%12%29%8%8%4%17%

Results

Results of the primary election held June 7: .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Harris 10-20% 20-30% 30-40% 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% Sanchez 10-20% 20-30% 30-40% Wyman 10-20% 20-30% United States Senate election in California, 2016 primary.svg
Results of the primary election held June 7:
  Harris
  •   10–20%
  •   20–30%
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  •   70–80%
  Sanchez
  •   10–20%
  •   20–30%
  •   30–40%
  Wyman
  •   10–20%
  •   20–30%
Primary results [174]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Kamala Harris 3,000,689 37.9%
Democratic Loretta Sanchez 1,416,203 17.9%
Republican Duf Sundheim584,2517.8%
Republican Phil Wyman 352,8214.7%
Republican Tom Del Beccaro323,6144.3%
Republican Greg Conlon230,9443.1%
Democratic Steve Stokes168,8052.2%
Republican George C. Yang112,0551.5%
Republican Karen Roseberry110,5571.5%
Libertarian Gail K. Lightfoot99,7611.3%
Democratic Massie Munroe98,1501.3%
Green Pamela Elizondo95,6771.3%
Republican Tom Palzer93,2631.2%
Republican Ron Unz 92,3251.2%
Republican Don Krampe69,6350.9%
No party preference Eleanor García65,0840.9%
Republican Jarrell Williamson64,1200.9%
Republican Von Hougo63,6090.8%
Democratic President Cristina Grappo63,3300.8%
Republican Jerry J. Laws53,0230.7%
Libertarian Mark Matthew Herd 41,3440.6%
Peace and Freedom John Thompson Parker35,9980.5%
No party preference Ling Ling Shi35,1960.5%
Democratic Herbert G. Peters32,6380.4%
Democratic Emory Peretz Rodgers31,4850.4%
No party preference Mike Beitiks31,4500.4%
No party preference Clive Grey29,4180.4%
No party preference Jason Hanania27,7150.4%
No party preference Paul Merritt24,0310.3%
No party preference Jason Kraus19,3180.3%
No party preference Don J. Grundmann15,3170.2%
No party preference Scott A. Vineberg11,8430.2%
No party preference Tim Gildersleeve9,7980.1%
No party preference Gar Myers8,7260.1%
Republican Billy Falling (write-in)870.0%
No party preference Ric M. Llewellyn (write-in)320.0%
Republican Alexis Stuart (write-in)100.0%
Total votes7,512,322 100.0%

General election

Fundraising

The following are Federal Election Commission disclosures through the reporting period ending March 31, 2016.

Candidate (party)ReceiptsDisbursementsCash on handDebt
Kamala Harris (D)$9,749,024$4,759,048$4,989,977$78,900
Loretta Sánchez (D)$3,251,186$921,291$2,329,895$209,217

Debates

DatesLocationHarrisSanchezLink
October 9, 2016 Cal State LA, Los Angeles, California ParticipantParticipant Full debate – C-SPAN

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political Report [175] Safe D (Harris)September 9, 2016
Sabato's Crystal Ball [176] Safe D (Harris)September 19, 2016
Rothenberg Political Report [177] Safe D (Harris)September 2, 2016
Daily Kos [178] Safe D (Harris)September 16, 2016
Real Clear Politics [179] Safe D (Harris)September 15, 2016

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Kamala
Harris (D)		Loretta
Sánchez (D)		Would
not vote		Undecided
SurveyMonkey November 1–7, 20162,712± 4.6%52%31%—17%
Insights West Archived November 8, 2016, at the Wayback Machine November 4–6, 2016401± 4.9%50%28%—22%
SurveyMonkey Oct 31 – Nov 6, 20162,655± 4.6%51%32%—17%
SurveyMonkey Oct 28 – Nov 3, 20162,528± 4.6%51%31%—18%
SurveyMonkey Oct 27 – Nov 2, 20162,316± 4.6%51%31%—18%
SurveyMonkey Oct 26 – Nov 1, 20162,284± 4.6%51%30%—19%
SurveyUSA October 28–31, 2016747± 3.7%47%27%—26%
SurveyMonkey October 25–31, 20162,505± 4.6%50%30%—20%
The Field Poll Archived November 6, 2016, at the Wayback Machine October 25–31, 20161,498± 3.2%47%23%13%17%
USC Dornsife/Los Angeles Times October 22–30, 2016697± 3.7%48%31%9%12%
PPIC Statewide Survey October 14–23, 20161,024± 4.3%42%20%18%20%
SurveyUSA October 13–15, 2016725± 3.7%45%24%—31%
Hoover Institution – Golden State Poll October 4–14, 20161,228± 3.3%41%22%—37%
Sacramento State/CA Counts Archived October 24, 2016, at the Wayback Machine October 7–13, 2016622± 7.0%49%24%7%20%
SurveyUSA September 27–28, 2016751± 3.6%40%29%—31%
PPIC Statewide Survey September 9–18, 20161,702± 3.5%32%25%24%19%
Insights West Archived August 11, 2019, at the Wayback Machine September 12–14, 2016515± 4.3%42%28%3%28%
The Field Poll Archived October 1, 2016, at the Wayback Machine September 7–13, 20161,426± 3.2%42%20%12%26%
SurveyUSA September 8–11, 2016712± 3.7%44%27%—29%
SurveyMonkey USC/Los Angeles Times September 1–8, 20164,212± 2.0%30%16%16%38%
Sacramento State/CA Counts August 15–24, 2016915± 4.0%51%19%6%25%
SmithJohnson Research Archived October 28, 2016, at the Wayback Machine August 17–19, 2016500± 4.4%41%15%8%36%
PPIC Statewide Survey July 10–19, 20161,056± 3.5%38%20%28%14%
The Field Poll Archived August 15, 2016, at the Wayback Machine June 8 – July 2, 2016956± 3.2%39%24%15%22%
SurveyMonkey USC/Los Angeles Times June 9–10, 20161,553± 3.5%47%22%26%5%
The Field Poll Archived June 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine May 26–31, 20161,002± 3.1%40%26%14%20%
PPIC Statewide Survey Archived August 10, 2019, at the Wayback Machine May 13–22, 2016996± 4.3%34%26%24%15%
Gravis Marketing April 7–10, 20162,088± 2.1%29%19%—52%
Hypothetical polling
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Kamala
Harris (D)		David
Dreier (R)		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling [167] [168] February 6–8, 2015824± ?47%42%—10%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Eric
Garcetti (D)		Kamala
Harris (D)		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling [173] December 29–30, 2014869± ?20%35%—46%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Kamala
Harris (D)		Antonio
Villaraigosa (D)		OtherUndecided
USC Archived March 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine February 18–24, 20151,505± 2.7%45%27%3%24%
Public Policy Polling [167] [168] February 6–8, 2015824± ?45%23%—33%
Public Policy Polling [172] January 22, 2015627± ?41%16%—43%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Adam
Schiff (D)		David
Dreier (R)		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling [167] [168] February 6–8, 2015824± ?43%42%—15%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size		Margin of
error		Antonio
Villaraigosa (D)		David
Dreier (R)		OtherUndecided
Public Policy Polling [167] [168] February 6–8, 2015824± ?46%44%—10%

Results

United States Senate election in California, 2016 [180]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Kamala Harris 7,542,753 61.60%
Democratic Loretta Sanchez 4,701,41738.40%
Total votes12,244,170 100.00%
Democratic hold

By congressional district

Harris won 47 of the 53 congressional districts, including thirteen held by Republicans. Sanchez won 6, including one held by a Republican and five held by Democrats. [181]

DistrictSanchezHarrisRepresentative
1st 40.3%59.7% Doug LaMalfa
2nd 26.2%73.8% Jared Huffman
3rd 37.6%62.4% John Garamendi
4th 36.7%63.3% Tom McClintock
5th 29.8%70.2% Mike Thompson
6th 32.8%67.2% Doris Matsui
7th 34.7%65.3% Ami Bera
8th 44.9%55.1% Paul Cook
9th 41.0%59.0% Jerry McNerney
10th 42.9%57.1% Jeff Denham
11th 29.4%70.6% Mark DeSaulnier
12th 21.3%78.7% Nancy Pelosi
13th 19.1%80.9% Barbara Lee
14th 29.1%70.9% Jackie Speier
15th 30.2%69.8% Eric Swalwell
16th 51.2%48.8% Jim Costa
17th 32.0%68.0% Mike Honda
Ro Khanna
18th 26.2%73.8% Anna Eshoo
19th 40.9%59.1% Zoe Lofgren
20th 33.8%66.2% Sam Farr
Jimmy Panetta
21st 56.7%43.3% David Valadao
22nd 47.3%52.7% Devin Nunes
23rd 45.7%54.3% Kevin McCarthy
24th 38.3%61.7% Lois Capps
Salud Carbajal
25th 39.9%60.1% Steve Knight
26th 39.2%60.8% Julia Brownley
27th 37.9%62.1% Judy Chu
28th 33.9%66.1% Adam Schiff
29th 47%53% Tony Cárdenas
30th 33.5%66.5% Brad Sherman
31st 42.8%57.2% Pete Aguilar
32nd 48.6%51.4% Grace Napolitano
33rd 29.1%70.9% Ted Lieu
34th 44.6%55.4% Xavier Becerra
35th 49.8%50.2% Norma Torres
36th 43.8%56.2% Raul Ruiz
37th 25.7%74.3% Karen Bass
38th 50.9%49.1% Linda Sánchez
39th 45.9%54.1% Ed Royce
40th 56.4%43.6% Lucille Roybal-Allard
41st 47%53% Mark Takano
42nd 45.4%54.6% Ken Calvert
43rd 33.3%66.7% Maxine Waters
44th 45.4%54.6% Janice Hahn
Nanette Barragán
45th 41.1%58.9% Mimi Walters
46th 58.7%41.3% Loretta Sánchez
Lou Correa
47th 42.3%57.7% Alan Lowenthal
48th 43.6%56.4% Dana Rohrabacher
49th 39.7%60.3% Darrell Issa
50th 45.1%54.9% Duncan Hunter
51st 56.6%43.4% Juan Vargas
52nd 36.5%63.5% Scott Peters
53rd 40%60% Susan Davis

Analysis

Harris stepped down from her Senate seat on January 18, 2021, two days before her inauguration as Vice President. This makes Harris the first US Senator elected to a full six-year term since Barack Obama in 2008 to not finish what would be her sole term. On December 22, 2020, California governor Gavin Newsom appointed California secretary of state Alex Padilla to serve the remainder of Harris' term. [182] Although Harris no longer occupies this Senate seat, she became President of the Senate on January 20, 2021, by virtue of her election as vice president.

Harris is the second incumbent US Senator from this seat to be elected vice president, the first being Richard Nixon in 1952.

See also

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The 2024 United States Senate elections in California will be held on November 5, 2024, in order to elect a person to represent the state of California to the United States Senate. There will be two ballot items for the same Class 1 seat: a special election to fill the seat for the final weeks of the 118th United States Congress, and a general election for a full term that starts on January 3, 2025, starting in the 119th United States Congress. California uses a nonpartisan blanket primary, in which all candidates regardless of party affiliation appear on the same primary ballot and the two highest-placing candidates advance to the general election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 United States House of Representatives elections in California</span> House elections for the 117th U.S. Congress

The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in California were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the 53 U.S. representatives from the state of California, one from each of the state's 53 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 California's 25th congressional district special election</span>

A special election to the United States House of Representatives for California's 25th congressional district was held March 3, 2020, the same day as the California presidential primaries. As no candidate received a majority, a runoff took place on May 12, 2020, between the top two finishers Christy Smith and Mike Garcia. Garcia's win was the first time Republicans flipped a Democratic-held House seat in California since 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Los Angeles mayoral election</span> Municipal election in California

The 2022 Los Angeles mayoral election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the mayor of Los Angeles, California. A top-two primary was held on June 7, 2022. Candidates could win the election outright by receiving more than 50% of the vote, but no candidate received a majority. More than forty candidates formed committees to run. Twenty-seven filed their declaration of intention to collect signatures for the ballot, and of these twelve qualified.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Los Angeles County elections</span> Elections in Los Angeles County, California, U.S.

The 2020 Los Angeles County elections were held on November 3, 2020, in Los Angeles County, California, with nonpartisan blanket primary elections for certain offices being held on March 3. Three of the five seats of the Board of Supervisors were up for election, as well as one of the countywide elected officials, the District Attorney. In addition, elections were held for various community college districts and water districts, as well as the Superior Court.

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  151. ↑ "LA County Supervisor Michael Antonovich Endorses Tom Del Beccaro for U.S. Senate". March 9, 2016. Archived from the original on March 14, 2016. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
  152. 1 2 "Assemblyman Matthew Harper, former United States Attorney Joseph Russoniello endorse Tom Del Beccaro". March 10, 2016. Archived from the original on May 31, 2016. Retrieved March 22, 2016.
  153. ↑ "Senate Candidate Tom Del Beccaro Endorsed by Constitutional Scholar John C. Eastman". March 21, 2016. Archived from the original on May 31, 2016. Retrieved March 22, 2016.
  154. ↑ "Senate Candidate Tom Del Beccaro Endorsed by State Senator Joel Anderson". March 22, 2016. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
  155. ↑ "Senate Candidate Tom Del Beccaro Endorsed by Retired Major General Paul E. Vallely". March 23, 2016. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
  156. 1 2 "Senate Candidate Tom Del Beccaro Endorsed by Board of Equalization Member George Runner and Senator Sharon Runner". March 29, 2016. Archived from the original on April 13, 2016. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
  157. ↑ "Senate Candidate Tom Del Beccaro Endorsed by American Civil Rights Institute Founder and President Ward Connerly". March 31, 2016. Archived from the original on April 13, 2016. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
  158. ↑ "Senate Candidate Tom Del Beccaro Endorsed by Professor of Professor Walid Phares and PolitiChicks Anchor and Author Morgan Brittany". April 12, 2016. Archived from the original on April 23, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
  159. ↑ "Del Beccaro Announces Reformer and Radio Host Carl DeMaio's Endorsement". May 10, 2016. Archived from the original on May 31, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
  160. ↑ "California Republican Assembly Endorses Tom Del Beccaro for U.S. Senate". February 22, 2016. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  161. ↑ "Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association, PAC (HTJA-PAC) Endorses Tom Del Beccaro for U.S. Senate". March 2, 2016. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  162. ↑ @RickSantorum (June 3, 2016). "Proud to endorse @tomdelbeccaro for..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  163. ↑ "Senate candidate focuses on climate change". MSNBC.com.
  164. ↑ Puente, Maria (November 6, 2014). "Angelina Jolie, politico?". USA Today. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
  165. ↑ Barber, Elizabeth (November 4, 2014). "Angelina Jolie for Senate?". Time. Retrieved November 8, 2014.
  166. ↑ Half of the sample were offered former state Republican Party Chairman Tom Del Beccaro and the other half were offered former state Republican Party Chairman George Sundheim instead. Del Beccaro took 6% and Sundheim 5%.
  167. 1 2 3 4 5 Poll conducted for the Los Angeles County Young Democrats
  168. 1 2 3 4 5 Cameron Joseph (February 10, 2015). "Harris leads Villaraigosa for Calif. Senate". The Hill . Retrieved February 11, 2015.
  169. ↑ Poll for the California Latino Legislative Caucus, which supports Villaraigosa
  170. ↑ Richman, Josh (February 3, 2015). "Poll makes case for Latino U.S. Senate candidate". IBA Buzz. Archived from the original on February 4, 2015. Retrieved February 3, 2015.
  171. ↑ Gene Maddaus (February 3, 2015). "Poll shows hard road for Antonio Villaraigosa in Senate race". IBA Buzz. Retrieved February 3, 2015.
  172. 1 2 Internal poll for the Kamala Harris campaign
  173. 1 2 Poll for "allies of one of the potential candidates"
  174. ↑ "CSV Files – Voter Nominated". California Secretary of State. July 16, 2016.
  175. ↑ "2016 Senate Race Ratings for September 9, 2016". The Cook Political Report. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  176. ↑ "2016 Senate". Sabato's Crystal Ball. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
  177. ↑ "2016 Senate Ratings (September 2, 2016)". Senate Ratings. The Rothenberg Political Report. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  178. ↑ "Election Outlook: 2016 Race Ratings". Daily Kos. Retrieved September 17, 2016.
  179. ↑ "Battle for the Senate 2016". Real Clear Politics. Retrieved September 15, 2016.
  180. ↑ "Statement of vote" (PDF). California Secretary of State. November 13, 2016. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  181. ↑ "Counties by Congressional Districts for United States Senator" (PDF).
  182. ↑ Koseff, Alexei (December 22, 2020). "Newsom names Alex Padilla to replace Kamala Harris — first Latino to represent California in Senate". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
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