Heterodimeric amino-acid transporter

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Heterodimeric amino-acid transporters are a family of transport proteins that facilitate the transport of certain amino acids across cell membranes. [1] Each comprises a light and a heavy protein subunit. Transport activity happens in the light.

The following table lists the members of this family:

Transport systemLight subunitHeavy subunitTissue distributionSubstratesAffinitySodium dependenceDisease linkage
LLAT1 (SLC7A5)4F2hc (SLC3A2)kidney, liver, intestine, brain, heart lung, blood–brain barrier large neutral amino acids, thyroid hormones micromolarno
LLAT2 (SLC7A8)4F2hc (SLC3A2)kidney, intestine, brain, liver, muscle, heart, lungsmaller neutral amino acidsmillimolarno
y+Ly+LAT1 (SLC7A7)4F2hc (SLC3A2)kidney, intestine, lung, erythrocytes, leukocyteslarge neutral amino acids, dibasic amino acid exchangemicromolaryes Lysinuric protein intolerance
y+Ly+LAT2 (SLC7A6)4F2hc (SLC3A2)brain, intestine, heart, kidney, lung, liverneutral amino acids, dibasic amino acid exchange, glutamine/arginine exchangemillimolaryes
xcxCT (SLC7A11)4F2hc (SLC3A2)macrophages, liver, kidney, brainglutamine/cystine exchangeno
ascascAT1 (SLC7A10)4F2hc (SLC3A2)brain, lung, small intestine, kidneysmall neutral amino acidsno
b0,+b0,+AT1 (SLC7A9)rBAT (SLC3A1)kidney, intestine, brainneutral/dibasic amino acidsno Cystinuria type I

References

  1. Wagner CA, Lang F, Bröer S (October 2001). "Function and structure of heterodimeric amino acid transporters" . Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 281 (4): C1077–93. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.4.C1077. PMID   11546643. S2CID   23112134.