Lane County | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 43°57′N122°53′W / 43.95°N 122.88°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Oregon |
Founded | January 29, 1851 |
Named for | Joseph Lane |
Seat | Eugene |
Largest city | Eugene |
Area | |
• Total | 4,553 sq mi (11,792 km2) |
• Land | 4,553 sq mi (11,790 km2) |
• Water | 169 sq mi (440 km2) 3.6% |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 382,971 |
• Estimate (2023) | 381,181 |
• Density | 84/sq mi (32/km2) |
Time zone | UTC−8 (Pacific) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−7 (PDT) |
Congressional district | 4th |
Website | www |
Lane County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 382,971, [3] making it the fourth-most populous county in Oregon. The county seat is Eugene, the state's second most populous city. [4] It is named in honor of Joseph Lane, Oregon's first territorial governor. Lane County comprises the Eugene, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the third-largest MSA in Oregon, and the 144th-largest in the country. [5] [6]
Lane County was established on January 29, 1851. It was created from the southern part of Linn County and the portion of Benton County east of Umpqua County. It was named after the territory's first governor, Joseph Lane. [7] Originally it covered all of southern Oregon east to the Cascade Mountains and south to the California border. When the Territorial Legislature created Lane County, it did not designate a county seat. In the 1853 election, four sites competed for the designation, of which the "Mulligan donation" received a majority vote; however, since it was contiguous to the "Skinner claim" both became part of the new county seat known as Eugene.
In 1846, Elijah Bristow and his wife, the former Susannah Gabbart, had become the first white settlers to build a claim cabin within the present-day boundaries of Lane County, near Pleasant Hill. They had crossed the plains to California in the previous year, and came north with Eugene F. Skinner, Captain Felix Scott, and William Dodson. [8] As their party entered the valley between the Coast Fork and Middle Fork of the Willamette River, Bristow gazed around and exclaimed, "What a pleasant hill! Here is my home!" [9]
In 1852, John Diamond and William Macy led an exploration party to survey a shortcut for the Oregon Trail across the Cascade Range. The shortcut over the Willamette Pass became known as the Free Emigrant Road. Around 250 wagons with 1,027 people left the usual Oregon Trail route at Vale, Oregon, and followed Elijah Elliott through the central Oregon high desert. This became known as the Elliott Cutoff. When they reached what is now Bend, they sent scouts to the south to look for the road. Once settlers in the Willamette Valley discovered the emigrants were coming, a huge rescue effort was launched as the emigrants were out of supplies and in dire condition. The emigrants of this wagon train doubled the population of Lane County in 1853. [10]
The county has been vastly reduced from its original size by several boundary changes. One of the first changes gave it access to the Pacific Ocean, when it acquired the northern part of Umpqua County in 1853. With the creation of Wasco County in 1854, it lost all of its territory east of the Cascade Mountains. Minor boundary changes occurred with Douglas County in 1852, 1885, 1903, 1915, and 1917; with Linn County in 1907 and with Benton County in 1923.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 4,722 square miles (12,230 km2), of which 4,553 sq mi (11,792 sq km) is land and 169 square miles (440 km2) (3.6%) is water. [11] Lane County is one of two Oregon counties that extend from the Pacific Ocean to the Cascades (the other is Douglas County.) [12] A portion of the Umpqua National Forest is in Lane County. Portions of the Willamette, McKenzie, and Siuslaw rivers run through the county.
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1860 | 4,780 | — | |
1870 | 6,426 | 34.4% | |
1880 | 9,411 | 46.5% | |
1890 | 15,198 | 61.5% | |
1900 | 19,604 | 29.0% | |
1910 | 33,783 | 72.3% | |
1920 | 36,166 | 7.1% | |
1930 | 54,493 | 50.7% | |
1940 | 69,096 | 26.8% | |
1950 | 125,776 | 82.0% | |
1960 | 162,890 | 29.5% | |
1970 | 213,358 | 31.0% | |
1980 | 275,226 | 29.0% | |
1990 | 282,912 | 2.8% | |
2000 | 322,959 | 14.2% | |
2010 | 351,715 | 8.9% | |
2020 | 382,971 | 8.9% | |
2023 (est.) | 381,181 | [13] | −0.5% |
U.S. Decennial Census [14] 1790–1960 [15] 1900–1990 [16] 1990–2000 [17] 2010–2020 [3] |
As of the census [18] of 2000, there were 322,959 people, 130,453 households, and 82,185 families living in the county. The population density was 71 people per square mile (27 people/km2). There were 138,946 housing units at an average density of 30 units per square mile (12/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 90.64% White, 0.78% Black or African American, 1.13% Native American, 2.00% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 1.95% from other races, and 3.32% from two or more races. 4.61% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 130,453 households, out of which 28.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.90% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.00% were non-families. 26.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.92.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.90% under the age of 18, 12.00% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 24.40% from 45 to 64, and 13.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 96.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.70 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $36,942, and the median income for a family was $45,111. Males had a median income of $34,358 versus $25,103 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,681. About 9.00% of families and 14.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.10% of those under age 18 and 7.50% of those age 65 or over.
As of the 2010 census, there were 351,715 people, 145,966 households, and 86,938 families living in the county. [19] The population density was 77.2 inhabitants per square mile (29.8/km2). There were 156,112 housing units at an average density of 34.3 units per square mile (13.2 units/km2). [20] The racial makeup of the county was 88.3% white, 2.4% Asian, 1.2% American Indian, 1.0% black or African American, 0.2% Pacific islander, 2.8% from other races, and 4.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 7.4% of the population. [19] In terms of ancestry, 21.8% were German, 14.9% were English, 13.8% were Irish, and 5.3% were American. [21]
Of the 145,966 households, 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.3% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 40.4% were non-families, and 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age was 39.0 years. [19]
The median income for a household in the county was $42,923 and the median income for a family was $55,817. Males had a median income of $43,383 versus $32,745 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,869. About 10.0% of families and 16.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over. [22]
Lane County is the fourth-most populous county in Oregon. It grew more slowly from 2000 to 2010 than did the three larger counties, Multnomah (the most populous Oregon county), Washington and Clackamas. [23]
The racial and ethnic make up of the county was 77.9% non-Hispanic White, 1.1% African American, 0.9% Native American, 2.5% Asian, 6.9% mixed race of two or more, and 9.9% Hispanic.
Lane County is governed by a County commission. Commissioners are elected officials and serve four-year terms. The current commissioners are:
In presidential elections from the 1950s through the 70s, Lane County mostly leaned towards Republican candidates, but returned to a solidly Democratic county in 1984, coming to often back Democratic candidates in statewide elections by broad margins. It is one of many counties dominated by college towns that swung heavily Democratic in this period.
Through much of the mid-1800s and the first half of the 20th century, the region served as a stronghold for the pro-slavery National Democratic Party. In the 1920s the county was considered the state headquarters for the Ku Klux Klan. Major Luther I. Powell, a resident of the county and Klan leader, led early efforts to establish the Klan, first in Eugene and then across Oregon. [24]
Lane County is currently one of 11 counties in Oregon in which therapeutic psilocybin is legal.
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2024 | 77,376 | 36.62% | 125,775 | 59.53% | 8,134 | 3.85% |
2020 | 80,336 | 36.15% | 134,366 | 60.46% | 7,551 | 3.40% |
2016 | 67,141 | 34.98% | 102,753 | 53.53% | 22,056 | 11.49% |
2012 | 62,509 | 36.37% | 102,652 | 59.73% | 6,689 | 3.89% |
2008 | 63,835 | 34.90% | 114,037 | 62.35% | 5,038 | 2.75% |
2004 | 75,007 | 40.35% | 107,769 | 57.98% | 3,096 | 1.67% |
2000 | 61,578 | 40.46% | 78,583 | 51.64% | 12,027 | 7.90% |
1996 | 48,253 | 34.52% | 69,461 | 49.69% | 22,073 | 15.79% |
1992 | 41,789 | 27.52% | 74,083 | 48.78% | 35,990 | 23.70% |
1988 | 47,563 | 39.73% | 69,883 | 58.38% | 2,256 | 1.88% |
1984 | 61,493 | 48.86% | 63,999 | 50.85% | 360 | 0.29% |
1980 | 54,750 | 43.59% | 52,240 | 41.59% | 18,614 | 14.82% |
1976 | 46,245 | 42.67% | 56,479 | 52.12% | 5,643 | 5.21% |
1972 | 47,739 | 48.62% | 46,177 | 47.03% | 4,271 | 4.35% |
1968 | 39,563 | 49.12% | 34,521 | 42.86% | 6,465 | 8.03% |
1964 | 24,139 | 32.53% | 49,785 | 67.10% | 276 | 0.37% |
1960 | 36,148 | 52.49% | 32,596 | 47.34% | 118 | 0.17% |
1956 | 35,264 | 56.15% | 27,534 | 43.85% | 0 | 0.00% |
1952 | 35,693 | 63.83% | 19,960 | 35.69% | 266 | 0.48% |
1948 | 20,843 | 55.27% | 15,606 | 41.39% | 1,260 | 3.34% |
1944 | 17,690 | 54.60% | 14,375 | 44.37% | 332 | 1.02% |
1940 | 15,349 | 48.13% | 16,286 | 51.07% | 255 | 0.80% |
1936 | 8,309 | 34.31% | 13,926 | 57.51% | 1,980 | 8.18% |
1932 | 10,547 | 43.70% | 11,073 | 45.88% | 2,517 | 10.43% |
1928 | 13,647 | 74.96% | 4,213 | 23.14% | 345 | 1.90% |
1924 | 8,551 | 59.90% | 3,255 | 22.80% | 2,469 | 17.30% |
1920 | 7,714 | 61.97% | 3,986 | 32.02% | 747 | 6.00% |
1916 | 7,253 | 51.70% | 5,880 | 41.92% | 895 | 6.38% |
1912 | 1,986 | 26.43% | 2,596 | 34.55% | 2,931 | 39.01% |
1908 | 3,313 | 54.91% | 2,174 | 36.04% | 546 | 9.05% |
1904 | 3,501 | 65.88% | 1,166 | 21.94% | 647 | 12.18% |
1900 | 2,521 | 53.13% | 2,037 | 42.93% | 187 | 3.94% |
1896 | 2,215 | 44.94% | 2,594 | 52.63% | 120 | 2.43% |
1892 | 1,902 | 45.71% | 828 | 19.90% | 1,431 | 34.39% |
1888 | 1,593 | 51.60% | 1,368 | 44.31% | 126 | 4.08% |
1884 | 1,251 | 48.92% | 1,232 | 48.18% | 74 | 2.89% |
1880 | 1,012 | 47.05% | 1,092 | 50.77% | 47 | 2.19% |
As of 2022, Lane County has the fifth-largest gross domestic product among Oregon's 36 counties, totaling $17.55 billion. [27]
Tourism has become a key driver of the local economy, with direct visitor spending reaching $1.1 billion in 2023, and total travel spending hitting a record $1.4 billion. [28]
PeaceHealth Medical Group is the largest private employer in Lane County, followed by the University of Oregon, Eugene 4J School District, and U.S. Government. [29]
Growth in the next decades is predicted to shift away from timber and agriculture to services, manufacturing of transportation equipment, printing and publishing, and high technology.
School districts include: [30]
Yamhill County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 107,722. The county seat is McMinnville. Yamhill County was named after the Yamhelas, members of the Kalapuya Tribe.
Polk County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 87,433. The county seat is Dallas. The county is named for James Knox Polk, the 11th president of the United States.
Marion County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. The population was 345,920 at the 2020 census, making it the 5th most populous county in Oregon. The county seat is Salem, which is also the state capital of Oregon. The county was originally named the Champooick District, after Champoeg, a meeting place on the Willamette River. On September 3, 1849, the territorial legislature renamed it in honor of Francis Marion, a Continental Army general from South Carolina who served in the American Revolutionary War. Marion County is part of the Salem, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Willamette Valley.
Linn County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2023 census population estimates, the population was 131,496. The county seat is Albany. The county is named in the honor of Lewis F. Linn, a U.S. Senator from Missouri who advocated the American settlement of the Oregon Country. Linn County comprises the Albany, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Willamette Valley. In 2010, the center of population of Oregon was located in Linn County, near the city of Lyons.
Lincoln County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,395. The county seat is Newport. The county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States.
Jackson County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 223,259. The county seat is Medford. The county is named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States. Jackson County comprises the Medford, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area. There are 11 incorporated cities and 34 unincorporated communities in Jackson County; the largest is Medford, which has been the county seat since 1927.
Douglas County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 111,201. The county seat is Roseburg. The county is named after Stephen A. Douglas, an American politician who supported Oregon statehood. Douglas County comprises the Roseburg, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area. In regards to area, Douglas County is the largest county west of the Oregon Cascades.
Coos County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,929. The county seat is Coquille. The county was formed from the western parts of Umpqua and Jackson counties. It is named after a tribe of Native Americans who live in the region. Coos County comprises the Coos Bay, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Benton County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2023 census population estimates, the population was 99,355. Its county seat is Corvallis. The county was named after Thomas Hart Benton, a U.S. Senator who advocated American control over the Oregon Country. Benton County is designated as the Corvallis, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland–Vancouver–Salem, OR–WA Combined Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Mapleton is a small village in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. The population was 227 at the 2000 census. Mapleton is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. There are four different plants in Mapleton, all located along U.S. Route 24: an Evonik chemical plant, a Lonza Group plant, a Caterpillar Inc. foundry, and an Ingredion facility; together, the large industrial complex forms one of Mapleton's most significant employers and a good source of skilled employees and good jobs.
Jennings Lodge is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. Located between Milwaukie and Gladstone. As of the 2020 census, it had a total population of 7,503.
Myrtle Creek is a city in Douglas County, Oregon, United States. The population was 3,439 at the 2010 census.
Winchester Bay, formerly Umpqua City, is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, Oregon, United States. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Winchester Bay as a census-designated place (CDP). The census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name. The population of the CDP was 382 at the 2010 census. The community of Umpqua City was established in 1850.
Coburg is a city in Lane County, Oregon, United States, 8 miles (13 km) north of Eugene. The city's population as of the 2020 census was 1,306. Founded in 1847, Coburg has retained the characteristics of a traditional small town with walkability and close ties to the surrounding farming communities that stretch in all directions. Maintaining these characteristics is a central part of the city's community vision process, completed in 2017.
Cottage Grove is a city in Lane County, Oregon, United States. Its population was 10,643 at the 2020 census. It is the third largest city in Lane County. It is on Interstate 5, Oregon Route 99, and the main Willamette Valley line of the CORP railroad.
Creswell is a city in the Willamette Valley of Lane County, Oregon, United States, located 12 miles (19 km) south of Eugene, Oregon. The population at the 2010 census was 5,031.
Florence is a coastal city in Lane County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It lies at the mouth of the Siuslaw River on the Pacific Ocean and about midway between Newport to the north and Coos Bay to the south along U.S. Route 101. As of August 14, 2023, the city had a total population of 9,553.
Junction City is a city in Lane County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, it has a population of 6,747.
Westfir is a city in Lane County, Oregon, United States. The population was 253 at the 2010 census. It is located about 40 miles (64 km) southeast of Eugene and about 4 miles (6 km) west of Oakridge in the Willamette National Forest.
Mapleton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lane County, Oregon, United States. It is located on Oregon Route 126 and the Siuslaw River, 45 miles (72 km) west of Eugene and 15 miles (24 km) east of Florence. It is also the western terminus of Oregon Route 36. As of the 2000 census, Mapleton had a total population of 918.
Lane County Courthouse, NE corner of 8th Avenue and Oak Street, Eugene; Lane County Jail on left. Lane County Courthouse was built in 1898 and torn down in 1959. — Catalog Number: CS284
Lane County Courthouse, NE corner of 8th Avenue and Oak Street, Eugene; Lane County Jail on left. Lane County Courthouse was built in 1898 and torn down in 1959. — Catalog Number: CS284
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: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)Elijah Bristow.