Conway, Kobayashi and López's victory promoted them atop the Hypercar Drivers' Championship by nine points over their teammates, Buemi, Hartley and Nakajima, whose second-place finish demoted them to second. Alpine's Lapierre, Negrão and Vaxivière maintained their hold on third position. Calado and Pier Guidi, with 124 points, overtook Porsche's Kévin Estre and Neel Jani for the GTE Drivers' Championship. Toyota and Ferrari left Le Mans as the respective Hypercar World Endurance and GTE Manufacturers' Championship leaders with two races left in the season.
The 2021 event, the 89th running of the race, was to be staged at the Circuit de la Sarthe close to Le Mans, France, between 12 and 13June; because of the COVID-19 pandemic in France, the ACO postponed it to 21 and 22August to increase the likelihood of admitting spectators pending easing of global travel restrictions based on local vaccine administration rates.[2][3][4] It was made the fourth, not the third round of the 2021 FIA World Endurance Championship.[5] The ACO confirmed it would admit a maximum of about 50,000 spectators to the circuit,[6] approximately 20 percent of its normal 250,000 attendance.[7] Attendees had to present a French Government health passport proving full vaccination, a negative COVID-19 lateral flow test taken within 48 hours, or provide proof of a previous COVID infection between fifteen days to six months and be deemed immune.[6]Face masks had to be worn; the paddock was separated from each of the fan sections.[7]
Regulation change
A new Le Mans Hypercar (LMH) class, with regulations intended to reduce costs and improve competition created jointly by the ACO and the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), replaced the ageing and more expensive Le Mans Prototype LMP1 category. Manufacturers were allowed to construct either specifications of road-going cars or specifically designed prototype vehicles powered by either a hybrid or a non-hybrid system. The minimum weight and maximum power output of LMH class cars were capped.[8]
Entries
Entries for the race were open from 4December 2020 to 23February 2021.[9][10] The ACO granted 62 invitations and entries were divided between the LMH, Le Mans Prototype2 (LMP2), Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance Professional (LMGTE Pro) and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance Amateur (LMGTE Am) classes.[11]
Automatic entries
Teams that won their class in the 2020 24 Hours of Le Mans, or won championships in the European Le Mans Series (ELMS), Asian Le Mans Series (ALMS), and the Michelin Le Mans Cup (MLMC) earned automatic entry invitations. The second-place finishers in the 2020 ELMS in LMP2 and LMGTE championships each earned an automatic invitation. Two participants from the IMSA SportsCar Championship (IMSA) were chosen by the ACO to be automatic entries, regardless of their performance or category. As teams were granted invitations, they were allowed to change their cars from the previous year but not their category. The 2020 European and 2021 Asian LMP3 (Le Mans Prototype3) champion was required to field an entry in LMP2. The 2020 MLMCGroup GT3 (GT3) champion was limited to the LMGTEAm category.[12][13]
The ACO announced the final list of automatic entries on 5March 2021.[13] GPX Racing chose to forgo its automatic invitation because the team did not believe they had the equipment necessary to compete at Le Mans.[14]
Automatic entries for the 2021 24 Hours of Le Mans[12][13]
The ACO announced the full 62 car entry list on 9March. In addition to the 33 guaranteed WEC entries, 14 came from the ELMS, five from IMSA, seven from the ALMS and two one-off Le Mans entries. There were 30 cars in the two LMP classes, 31 in each of the two LMGTE categories and one innovative entry.[11] In addition to the 62 entries given invitations for the race, four were put on a reserve list to replace any withdrawn or ungranted invitations. Reserve entries were ordered with the first replacing the first withdrawal from the race, regardless of the class and entry. They were chosen based on their sporting and technical quality, fan, media and public interest and commitment, and loyalty to other ACO-administered series.[15]
Garage 56
The Garage56 concept to test new technologies at Le Mans returned after a half-decade absence.[16][17][a] The ACO granted the innovative spot to Frédéric Sausset's La Filière by SRT41 team,[17] who had deferred their planned entry from the 2020 event to the following year's race because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[16] It entered the Graff-prepared No.84 Oreca 07-Gibson car converted to an adapted automobile fitted with a braking, clutch and throttle system controlled by paraplegic drivers Takuma Aoki and Nigel Bailly from a hand-controlled steering wheel.[16][17] Their non-disabled co-driver Matthieu Lahaye could drive the vehicle normally. The team participated in the four-hour ELMS rounds in France and Spain as a precursor to the longer race at Le Mans.[16]
Pre-race balance of performance changes
The FIA and ACO imposed a balance of performance to maintain a separation between the Hypercar and LMP2 categories.[19] The Alpine A480-Gibson car received a maximum stint energy allowance of 844MJ (234kWh), a 74MJ (21kWh) reduction from 918MJ (255kWh) or eight per cent from the preceding 6Hours of Monza. The Glickenhaus SCG 007 LMH and Toyota GR010 Hybrid vehicles had no performance changes.[19][20] In LMGTE Pro, 10kg (22lb) of weight was removed from the Ferrari 488 GTE Evo for easier handling, and its fuel capacity was raised by 5L (1.1impgal; 1.3USgal). The Porsche 911 RSR-19 received 1kg (2.2lb) weight, 1L (0.22impgal; 0.26USgal) fuel capacity, and 0.7mm (0.028in)air restrictor diameter increases. The LMGTEAm minimum weights were shared by each team per manufacturer, with the Ferraris and Porsches 10kg (22lb) heavier than their Pro equivalents and the Aston Martin Vantage AMR lighter at 1,257kg (2,771lb).[20]
Testing
A test day held on 15August, one week prior to the race, required all entrants to participate in eight hours of driving divided into two sessions.[10] A majority of signed drivers were involved as well as actor Michael Fassbender driving the No. 77 Dempsey-Proton Racing Porsche; Emmanuel Collard was the No. 83 AFCorse Ferrari's test driver; Laurents Hörr shared the Duqueine Team Oreca07-Gibson; Gustavo Menezes was nominated to drive both of the Glickenhaus entries, and Pierre Sancinéna joined SRT41's team for test day.[21] Only 11 drivers were granted dispensation to miss testing because they were entered in Formula E's season-ending Berlin ePrix.[22]
Toyota led the first session with a 3:31.263-minute lap by Hartley in the No.8 Toyota. Lapierre was a quarter of a second slower in the grandfathered LMP1 No.36 Alpine A480 car; Conway's No.7 Toyota recorded the third-quickest lap. Olivier Pla put the No.709 Glickenhaus fourth overall.[23][24]Paul di Resta set the fastest LMP2 lap time with a 3:33.429 driving the No.23 United Autosports Oreca, ahead of Phil Hanson's No.22 sister car, Yifei Ye's debuting No.41 Team WRT entry and Oliver Jarvis' No.82 Risi Competizione vehicle.[23][25] Porsche were first and second in LMGTE Pro with Estre's No.92 car ahead of the No.91 sister team of Gianmaria Bruni. The highest-placed Ferrari was Calado's third-placed No.51 AFCorse entry.[24][25]Marcos Gomes' No.98 Aston Martin led LMGTEAm from Alessio Picariello's No. 18 Absolute Racing and Julien Andlauer's No. 88 Dempsey-Proton Porsches. Separate accidents by Satori Hoshino's No.777 D'Station Racing Aston Martin at the Porsche Curves, Tom Gamble's GR Racing No.86 Porsche and John Hartstone under braking for the first Mulsanne chicane in Aston Martin's No.95 entry on the Mulsanne Straight led to stoppages during the session.[23][25][26]
The second session saw Glickenhaus move atop when Pla turned in a 3:29.115-minute lap in the No.709 car with less than ten minutes left. Conway improved the No.7 Toyota to second place after leading for most of the session; Nakajima's No.8 car went from first to third. Lapierre's No.36 Alpine was fourth with Romain Dumas' No.708 Gilckenhaus fifth.[27]Paul-Loup Chatin bettered LMP2's fastest lap with a time of 3:31.105, leading IDEC Sport's No.48 team ahead of Will Stevens' No.65 Panis Racing car and Louis Delétraz's No.41 WRT entry. United Autosports fell to fourth and fifth after laps by Di Resta and Filipe Albuquerque.[28] In LMGTEPro, Porsche took the first three positions as Earl Bamber led with a 3:52.901-minute time in the No.79 WeatherTech Racing Porsche, but he did not better Estre's first session lap. The German company also led in LMGTEAm with the fastest lap set by Harry Tincknell in the No.99 Proton Competition car.[27] There were three deployments of the full course yellow flag procedure. Roberto Lacorte stopped Cetilar Racing's No.47 Ferrari before Mulsanne corner with a rear axle failure, Scott Andrews ran wide onto artificial grass and into the Porsche Curves gravel trap in Kessel's No. 57 Ferrari and Bruni spun entering the Dunlop chicane.[26][29]
The first three-hour practice session took place on the afternoon of 18August.[10] López lapped fastest at 3:29.309, 0.086 seconds quicker than Negrao in second, who was 0.001 seconds ahead of Nakajima in third. Hanson led LMP2, followed by Nyck de Vries' No.26 G-Drive Racing entry with a 3:29.441-minute lap, and Tom Blomqvist's No.28 Jota car; they finished fourth, fifth and eighth quickest overall. The trio separated Westbrook's and Pla's Glickenhaus Hypercars in sixth and seventh overall. Daniel Serra's No.52 AF Corse Ferrari led the Pro class of LMGTE with a 3:50.123-minute lap as Nick Tandy's No.64 Chevrolet Corvette C8.R was within 0.040 seconds of the Ferrari. Matteo Cairoli's No.56 Team Project1 Porsche was fastest in LMGTEAm and the third-quickest amongst all LMGTE entrants as Porsche occupied first to fourth in the Amateur category.[32]Marco Sørensen damaged the No.20 High Class Racing car's front-right corner in a collision with a tyre barrier exiting the pit lane. António Félix da Costa's No.28 Jota entry collided with Antonio Fuoco's No.47 Cetilar car at Tertre Rouge turn; both accidents forced separate stoppages to the session.[33]
The shorter two-hour session followed that evening.[10] Buemi led with a 3:29.351-minute lap ahead of his teammate Kobayashi by 0.387 seconds as Pipo Derani carried the No.708 Glickenhaus to third. Jota's Anthony Davidson recorded the fastest LMP2 lap with a time of 3:32.390. Norman Nato's No.70 Realteam Racing and the No.22 United Autosports and No.26 G-Drive cars were second to fourth. Porsche led both LMGTE classes with Laurens Vanthoor's WeatherTech and Frédéric Makowiecki's No.91 cars heading the Pro category with Andlauer the fastest Amateur class driver in the No.88 Dempsey-Proton vehicle over Jeroen Bleekemolen's No.388 Rinaldi Racing Ferrari.[34] Serra locked up heavily at Mulsanne Corner and sustained a right-front puncture damaging his car's right-front corner. With the car stopped just past Arnage corner, this caused a red-flag period for removal and debris cleanup.[34][35] The session concluded three minutes early when Robby Foley struck the Tertre Rouge corner tyre barriers with the rear of the No.46 Project1 car.[36][37] Foley left the vehicle unaided.[37]
Less than ten minutes before the third practice session,[38] the FIA Endurance Committee issued an updated bulletin detailing immediate balance of performance adjustments to the LMGTE Pro and Am class Ferrari 488 GTEs, lowering its boost levels across all RPM ranges equating to a decrease of 8hp (6.0kW) and consequently reducing the car's fuel capacity by 1L (0.22impgal; 0.26USgal).[39][40]
The next three-hour session was held the following afternoon.[10] Lapierre's lap of 3:26.594 set late in the session demoted Conway to second. Hartley was third with Pla fourth. Félix da Costa set LMP2's quickest lap of 3:30.213, moving Fabio Scherer's No. 22 United Autosports car to second with his teammate Di Resta third. Estre led LMGTE Pro as Bamber's WeatherTech and Richard Lietz's No.91 entries ensured the German marque held the first three positions in class. Porsche occupied the top four places in LMGTE Am with Andlauer's No.88 Dempsey-Proton car leading Cairoli's No.56 Project1 and Matt Campbell's No.77 Dempsey-Proton entries.[41] There were a series of accidents stopping the session twice.[42] Separate crashes by Merriman's No.17 IDEC car and Juan Pablo Montoya's No.21 DragonSpeed entering the Dunlop Curve corner saw front and rear damage to both vehicles and required repairs to the right-hand side barriers and track cleanups.[41][43] Nakajima removed the No.8 Toyota's rear wing crashing into the left-hand Indianapolis corner wall and returned to the pit lane following trackside recovery.[42][43]
The final two-hour session was staged later that evening,[10] beginning ten minutes late because of a delay in Hyperpole. Nakajima led with a 3: 27.994-minute time, followed by Lapierre in second, Kobayashi in third, and Ryan Briscoe's No.709 Glickenhaus in fourth. Franco Colapinto put the No.26 G-Drive car atop LMP2 at 3:31.414, ahead of Job van Uitert's No.29 Racing Team Nederland and Albuquerque's No.22 United Autosports entries. Vanthoor's WeatherTech Porsche led LMGTEPro and Nicklas Nielsen's AFCorse's No.83 Ferrari paced LMGTEAm.[44] The session was ended prematurely, with fifteen minutes remaining, when Ollie Milroy lost control of the Inception Ferrari on the inside kerb entering the Ford Chicane at high speed and damaging its right-rear corner against the barrier.[45][46] IDEC sidelined its No.17 car for repairs following its third practice session accident as was the No.49 High Class car, which was undergoing an engine change.[45][47]Inception Racing worked late in the evening to rebuild their Ferrari around a replacement chassis.[48]
Qualifying
Divided into two sessions, the first one-hour qualifying session determined the race's starting order except for the fastest six vehicles in each class. They advanced to a half-hour shootout called "Le Mans Hyperpole", which determined the car to start on pole position in all four classes. Cars were placed in starting order by category, with every Hypercar at the front of the field regardless of lap time, followed by LMP2, LMGTEPro and LMGTEAm. The vehicles were placed with the six qualifying Hyperpole cars by quickest Hyperpole session lap time first, followed by the rest of the non-qualifying Hyperpole class vehicles by fastest lap time set during the first qualifying session.[10]
Kamui Kobayashi(pictured in 2010) qualified fastest overall for the fourth time at Le Mans
The five entries in the LMP1 class progressed to the Hyperpole portion of qualifying with the fastest time being a 3:26.279-minute lap by Kobayashi in the No.7 Toyota in the first half of the session.[49] In LMP2, the qualifiers were Félix da Costa's No.38 Jota entry along with entries from De Vries of Racing Team Nederland, Delétraz's No.41 WRT car, Panis Racing's No.65 car with Will Stevens, and the No.32 and 23 United Autosports vehicles of Nico Jamin and Di Resta. The LMGTEPro Hyperpole qualifiers were Serra's No.52 and Calado's 51AFCorse Ferraris as well as Estre's No.92 Porsche, Tandy's No.64 Corvette, Hub Auto Racing's Dries Vanthoor and Bruni's No.91 Porsche. LMGTE Am saw the four competing manufacturers qualify for the Hyperpole portion of qualifying. They were Andlauer's No.88 Dempsey-Proton Porsche, Ben Barker's GR Racing entry, Fuoco's No.47 Cetilar Ferrari, Inception Racing's No.71 Ferrari used by Ben Barnicoat, Cairoli's No.56 Team Project1 Porsche and TF Sport's No.33 Aston Martin of Felipe Fraga.[50]Paul Dalla Lana lost control of the No.98 Aston Martin and spun backwards in the gravel trap at the Dunlop Esses. Rahel Frey's No.85 Ferrari almost did the same at this corner. Both incidents disrupted the session.[50][51]
Kobayashi recorded the fastest lap at 3:23.900 to achieve his fourth pole position and third in succession in five years at Le Mans. Hartley put the other Toyota second and Lapierre's Alpine was the highest-placed grandfathered LMP1 car third ahead of the Glickenhaus' of Pla and Dumas. Jota's Félix da Costa claimed the LMP2 pole position with a 3:27.950-minute lap. In second through sixth were the WRT (Delétraz), Panis Racing (Stevens), G-Drive (De Vries), and the United Autosports (Jamin and Di Resta) entries. The three GTE manufacturers occupied the first three places in LMGTEPro. Dries Vanthoor secured the class pole position in the HubAuto Porsche ahead of Serra of AFCorse and Tandy's Corvette. Porsche qualified in the first three positions in LMGTEAm with Andlauer's Dempsey-Proton vehicle on pole position from Barker's GR Racing entry and Cairoli's Project1 car.[52] Estre lost control entering Indianapolis corner and damaged the No.92 Porsche's rear-end, striking the barrier on the driver's right at high speed, which stopped the session with 22 minutes remaining.[53][54]
After qualifying, Porsche began replacing the No.92 car's heavily damaged chassis with a replacement but were not permitted by ACO regulations to switch the vehicle completely.[55] Porsche were given a 20-minute shakedown session to test the reconstructed vehicle on the nearby Le Mans Airport runway during the night of 20August.[48][56] The WEC Committee opted to lower the LMGTEPro-class Chevrolet CorvetteC8.R's minimum weight by 7kg (15lb) to 1,269kg (2,798lb) and reduce its fuel capacity by 1L (0.22impgal; 0.26USgal); the Ferrari 488 GTE Evo's fuel capacity was reduced by 3L (0.66impgal; 0.79USgal) in a Balance of Performance adjustment.[57] That same day, IDEC withdrew its No.17 car following Merriman's third practice session accident, lowering the field to 61 entries.[58]
↑ The No.17 IDEC Sport Oreca-Gibson was withdrawn following Dwight Merriman's crash entering the Dunlop Curves in Free Practice 3.[58]
Warm-up
A 15-minute warm-up session for teams to check their cars took place on the morning of 21August.[60] Buemi lapped fastest at 3:28.529 with his teammate Conway second-quickest and Lapierre third for Alpine.[61] United Autosports' Alex Lynn Led LMP2 with a 3:32.841-minute lap from teammate Jamin in second. Estre was fastest in LMGTEPro from his Porsche teammate Bruni; Barnicoat put Ferrari quickest in LMGTEAm.[62] While the session passed with no major incidents, Robin Frijns, Sean Gelael, Robert Kubica and Ricky Taylor each lost control of their LMP2 cars; all were undamaged.[61][62]
Race
Start
At the start, the circuit was wet from a heavy rain that fell less than an hour before the event began.[63][64] The ambient temperature was between 15.1 to 22.5°C (59.2 to 72.5°F) and the track temperature ranged from 17 to 41°C (63 to 106°F).[65]John Elkann, Ferrari's chairperson, waved the French tricolor at 16:00 local time to start the event[66] in front of 50,000 spectators,[67] as race control declared the running of three formation laps behind the safety car because of the wet conditions.[68] Leaving the grid, Tommy Milner appeared to experience difficulty accelerating his No.64 Corvette past the stalled High Class ORECA LMP2 entry that was slow to drive away from the grid after a mechanic left a movable jack on the car's rear. Because of a fogged-up front windscreen limiting visibility, Calado, in the No.51 Ferrari, hit Milner, damaging the Corvette's diffuser.[69][70]
Green flag action commenced after 13 minutes.[70] Pla, who locked the No. 708 Glickenhaus' brakes on the wet circuit entering turn two, hit Buemi's No.8 Toyota on the rear-left wheel, sending him spinning onto the Dunlop Chicane run-off area,[71][72] and damaging the Glickenhaus' right-front bodywork. Race control gave Pla a 10-second stop-and-go penalty, deeming him responsible for the collision.[73][74] Buemi stopped on the Mulsanne Straight's side to reset the Toyota fully before driving wide onto Arnage corner's run-off area,[70][71] losing more than 90 seconds to teammate Conway.[74] Lapierre moved Alpine to second before falling to fifth by the end of the first hour, spinning without car damage at Indianapolis turn on the third racing lap and losing a minute.[70][71] Félix da Costa moved Jota's LMP2 car past the non-hybrid LMH entries to be second overall as Buemi returned to third just before every team made pit stops to change from intermediate to dry tyres when the circuit began to dry after half an hour.[68][74]Maxime Martin relinquished the LMGTEPro pole-sitting HubAuto team's category lead to Milner after spinning at the Dunlop Bridge following a collision with the Racing Team India Eurasia LMP2 car, dropping Martin to eighth in class.[64][71] Molina and Calado's No.52 and 51 Ferraris shared the category lead until swift work by Corvette in the switch to dry tyres gave the LMGTEPro lead back to Milner.[68][74] Andlauer led LMGTEAm before the drying track slowed him and Fuoco overtook him for the class lead.[73] Nielsen later passed Fuoco after the first pit stop cycle.[68]
Buemi had returned the No.8 Toyota to second place 71 minutes in and was within a minute of his teammate Conway.[70][75] Not long after, Milner was struggling to cope with tyre wear, which was affecting the No.64 Corvette. Molina moved the No.52 Ferrari past him for the LMGTE Pro lead into the first Mulsanne Chicane after the two drivers were involved in a short duel. Pier Guidi's No.51 sister Ferrari later overtook Milner for second in category before briefly taking the class lead for himself to begin the third hour.[70][76][77] Conway had an anxious moment when he brought the No.7 Toyota into the pit lane to replace a rear-left tyre with two slow punctures on it. He would later reclaim the overall lead from his teammate Buemi.[76][77] Soon after, Buemi and Arnold Robin's No.39 Graff car made contact driving into the Dunlop Chicane,[77][78] leading Toyota to inspect the No.8 entry for potential rim damage.[79] Light rain began falling on portions of the circuit after 21⁄2 hours but soon stopped.[64] Davidson became stuck deep in the gravel approaching the Dunlop Chicane, possibly because of the light rain and attempting to avoid Andrew Haryanto's spun No.18 Absolute Racing Porsche ahead of him.[77][79] He lost a lap and two minutes in LMP2 and forfeited the class lead to Colapinto's No.26 G-Drive car.[78]
Evening to night
Gomes in the LMGTEAm second-placed No.98 Aston Martin put his left-hand tyres onto artificial grass, entering the right-hand Indianapolis corner and spun across the left-hand side gravel trap into the tyre barrier. He was unhurt and exited the car unassisted, but the vehicle was retired because of the damage it sustained. Race control deployed three safety cars to enable repairs to the barrier and car recovery.[80][81] During the safety car period, several teams made pit stops. Blomqvist's No.28 Jota entry took the LMP2 lead with Wayne Boyd's No.23 United Autosports and James Allen's No.65 Panis cars second and third in category after Colapinto and Job van Uitert's Racing Team Nederland cars stopped and were demoted to fourth and fifth, respectively. Dylan Pereira extended the No.33 TF Aston Martin's gap to 75 seconds over the rest of the LMGTEAm field. Kobayashi's No.7 Toyota was 73 seconds ahead of Hartley's No.8 car when racing resumed with the first three overall cars separated by the safety cars.[79] The LMGTEPro lead became a battle between Jordan Taylor's No.63 Corvette and Côme Ledogar and Sam Bird's AFCorse Ferraris as Pereira's No.33 Aston Martin and François Perrodo's No.83 Ferrari vied for first in LMGTEAm.[82]
Stoffel Vandoorne and Boyd battled for the LMP2 lead; the two collided on multiple occasions before Boyd pulled away from Vandoorne in slower traffic through the Porsche Curves and Colapinto was able to challenge Vandoorne for second in class. Hartley made a pit stop in the No.8 Toyota for a right-rear tyre replacement as a precaution because of a possible puncture and dropped farther back from the No.7 sister car.[82] As night fell, Bird was lapping Brendan Iribe's Inception LMGTEAm car when the two collided driving into the Ford Chicane, sending the No.52 car spinning.[83] Bird lost one minute and remained second in LMGTEPro.[70] Rain began falling again and Manuel Maldonado's No.32 United Autosports car went straight across the inside gravel at the Dunlop Chicane and struck his teammate Di Resta's LMP2-leading No.23 entry at the chicane atop a hill.[84][85] Not long after, Colapinto lost control of the No.26 G-Drive entry at high speed entering the Porsche Curves and hit Sophia Flörsch's No.1 Richard Mille Racing car he was passing. As Flörsch reversed across the circuit, Tom Cloet could not react in time and struck the No.1 car's side with his No.74 Racing Team India Eurasia entry. Both drivers were unhurt.[83] The No.1 car was retired; Flörsch was transported to the medical centre since the vehicle's medical light had come on; tests deemed her fit. Safety cars were required for a second time because of the accidents; green flag racing resumed 21 minutes later.[64][84]
In LMGTEPro, the safety car had allowed the lead between the two AF Corse cars to grow as Nicky Catsburg briefly took the class lead in the No.63 Corvette before Calado retook it.[84] Jota's No.28 entry had a 90-second stop-and-go penalty imposed on it because Blomqvist crossed the white line denoting the pit lane exit when the green light was accidentally illuminated instead of being held to rejoin when the nearest, not the next safety car passed by.[86] The penalty promoted Stevens' No.65 Panis car to the LMP2 lead before Delétraz's No.41 WRT entry passed it on the Mulsanne Straight.[70][87] During the seventh hour, the LMGTE Am-leading Fraga's No.33 TFAston Martin and Egidio Perfetti's No.56 Project1 Porsche crashed separately but simultaneously into the first Mulsanne Chicane tyre wall, possibly because both drivers hit debris in the area. The Porsche retired because of car damage as Fraga dropped to fourth in LMGTEAm after making a pit stop for a rear splitter replacement and a right-rear puncture replacement.[88][89] The safety cars were brought out for the third time for approximately half an hour.[89] During this safety car period, the No.64 Corvette was driven into the garage for a rear diffuser replacement to rectify a vibration felt by driver Alexander Sims and a brake switch.[70][90]
When racing resumed, Vaxivière lost control of the Alpine by locking its wheels on a damp patch in the braking zone. He beached sideways in the gravel at the first Mulsanne Chicane and required extraction.[85][91][92] The incident promoted Derani's No.708 Glickenhaus to third, as Vaxivière was demoted to fifth.[84][91] Before the eighth hour ended, Rui Andrade lost control of the No.25 G-Drive car at high speed and crashed backwards into the right-hand side tyre barrier through the Dunlop Bridge braking zone, leading to the entry's retirement.[91][93] The safety cars were dispatched for the fourth time for car recovery; racing continued almost half an hour later. Lapierre was able to return the Alpine to third overall following a short duel with Pla's No.708 Glickenhaus in slower traffic and lapping around two seconds quicker than Pla.[70][94]Cooper MacNeil lost control of the sixth-placed LMGTEPro WeatherTech Porsche on the Ford Chicane entry kerbs and crashed into the left-hand tyre barrier, activating the medical light.[94][95] MacNeil drove the car slowly into the garage,[95] where it was retired because of heavy right-hand side damage.[94][96] At mid-point, Kobayashi led overall ahead of his teammate Hartley. Milesi and Yifei Ye's WRT cars led LMP2, and AFCorse held sway in both the LMGTE classes.[96]
Morning to early afternoon
In the early morning, Ye's No.41 WRT vehicle moved into the LMP2 lead after he overtook his teammate Milesi's No.31 entry before Frijns reclaimed the class lead. Kobayashi had an anxious moment when he locked the No.7 Toyota's tyres braking into Indianapolis corner and decided to stop the car at the turn's exit on the run-off area just before the tyre barrier. Though the tyre lockup lost him 20 seconds to his teammate Hartley, he retained the overall lead.[97][98] The No.22 United Autosports vehicle's hold on third in LMP2 was relinquished to Jota's No.28 team when it entered the garage for alternator repairs, which lasted 90 minutes.[98][99] Molina subsequently ceded the No.52 AF Corse Ferrari's hold on third place in LMGTEPro to Estre's No.92 Porsche because of a front-left suspension failure requiring half an hour of significant repairs by his team.[100] The main on-track action at this point was the battle for third in LMP2 between Sean Gelael's and later Blomqvist's No.28 Jota and Stevens' No.65 Panis cars.[70][101]
Yifei Ye began the final lap in LMP2 leading for Team WRT's No. 41 crew before a broken throttle sensor prevented him and his co-drivers from completing the final lap and achieving class victory.
With eight hours remaining, one of Toyota's electronic systems engineers noticed a problem with their two cars on the telemetry fuel pressure trace system. The fuel pump filters at the tank's bottom began clogging with mix of grease from the fuel nozzle connectors and polyurethane particles from a collapsing inner fuel bladder inside the tank's fuel cell. The bladder's inner walls rubbed against each other to produce the particles when fuel levels decreased and a small vacuum which collapsed the tank. The problem was traced to the bowsers storing fuel in the pit lane being contaminated with aluminium oxide particles.[102] The team's stints were incrementally reduced from the normal 13 laps just before two-thirds race distance.[103][72] Lead systems engineer Dominique Gardener thought of a procedure for drivers to press a button on the steering wheel while braking and accelerating in and out of corners that activated a system embedded in the vehicle's electronic system that deactivated and reactivated the fuel pumps to manage fuel consumption,[102][103] and to attempt to produce pressure to clear the filter.[104] Buemi's No.8 Toyota fell more than three minutes behind Kobayashi's race-leading No.7 Toyota when he stopped briefly on the straight after Mulsanne corner to reset the car by changing multiple gear settings.[64][105] The No.52 Ferrari suffered a further setback when Bird brought the car to the garage for right-front bodywork repairs, the result of a front-right puncture that left debris on the circuit.[70][105]
In LMGTEPro, both factory Porsches battled for third as Catsburg's No.63 Corvette drew closer to Calado and Ledogar's No.51 Ferrari for the category lead when Ledogar made a pit stop to change brakes.[106][107] In the 21st hour, Pereira and Ben Keating were able to recover from TF Sport's earlier puncture by lapping faster than Perrodo's and Alessio Rovera's No.83 Ferrari and moved the No.33 Aston Martin back to the LMGTEAm lead.[108] Hartley's second-placed No.8 Toyota drove into the pit lane for less than two minutes to repair a malfunctioning right-hand side door. A mechanic did this using a laptop they plugged into the car. The stop dropped him a lap behind López, the overall race leader.[72][106][107] A blocked air jack delayed the LMP2-leading No.31 WRT car taken over by Frijns, causing him to make two pit stops to switch tyres and a subsequent collision with an LMGTEAm-class Porsche.[109][110] The No.31 WRT car relinquished the category lead they had held for 135 consecutive laps to Ye's No.41 sister vehicle.[87][110] WRT used giant inflatable pillows placed under the car. This allowed the team to install tyres on a single axle one end at a time, bypassing the faulty jack.[110]
TF Sport's Keating ceded the LMGTEAm lead he had held for eight laps to Rovera's No.83 Ferrari, as the Aston Martin had to be driven to the pit lane because of a misfiring engine.[87][111] Makowiecki's fourth-placed LMGTE Pro No.91 Porsche braked later than expected from a loss of brake pressure into the Ford Chicane and removed the car's rear diffuser and bodywork housing after driving over a grassy hill just off the racing surface. Race control instructed Makowiecki to enter the pit lane. Rear-end repairs lasted more than five minutes, but the No.91 car retained fourth in class.[70][112] Just as he began the final lap with less than three minutes remaining,[64][113] Ye's LMP2-leading No.41 WRT car stopped down the hill past the Dunlop Bridge because of a broken throttle sensor creating an electrical short circuit that temporarily turned the engine's electronic control unit off.[110][114] Frijns' No.31 sister car inherited the LMP2 lead; he held off Blomqvist's approaching No.28 Jota entry in slower GT traffic,[110] and avoided hitting Patrick Morriseau, the Clerk of the course, who was waving the chequered flag close to the start/finish straight's centre to win LMP2 by 0.727 seconds.[115][116]
Finish
Kobayashi maintained the overall lead the No.7 Toyota had held for 178 consecutive laps to finish first after 371 laps and achieve his, Conway and López's first Le Mans victory—Toyota's fourth in succession. They finished two laps over Buemi, Hartley and Nakajima's No.8 sister car.[87][72] The Alpine completed the overall podium in third, four laps behind the No.7 Toyota. The two Glickenhaus entries completed the Hypercar order in fourth and fifth. WRT's LMP2 win meant they were the debuting team to win since Starworks Motorsport in 2012. This was the fourth time the team had debuted in a major endurance event and won. Panis Racing completed the class podium in third. The No.21 DragonSpeed team of Ben Hanley, Montoya and Henrik Hedman overcame fuel problems and a driver stint problem to win the LMP2 Pro-Am Cup.[117][118] Ferrari claimed its first victory in LMGTEPro since 2019 with the No.51 AFCorse car ahead of the No.63 Corvette by 41.686 seconds after leading for the final 205 laps.[87][115] The Italian marque had a first-time win in LMGTEAm with the No.83 team finishing a lap ahead of TF Sport's No.33 Aston Martin.[119][120] Pier Guidi and Ledogar's LMGTEPro and Nielsen's LMGTEAm victories came just three weeks after their 2021 24 Hours of Spa win.[121]
Post-race
The top three teams in each class appeared on the podium to collect their trophies and spoke to the media in a later press conference.[10] Conway said he was "crying like a little girl" and spoke of the difficulty of winning Le Mans: "We came close so many times, and to get it done here with the new hypercar as well with these boys... [my] teammates did a stellar job as always."[122] López commented the race's final hours were stressful because Toyota were coping with a fuel problem, and Kobayashi felt he and his co-drivers' losses at Le Mans strengthened their bond.[122] Buemi said he felt "quite lucky" not to sustain major damage to the No.8 car on the first lap, and that finishing second was satisfactory, adding: "Somehow to finish second after that is quite good, we had even been leading the race at some points, so it was pretty impressive."[123] Hartley revealed Toyota were concerned his team would fail to finish and was happy to finish second.[124] Lapierre commented that Alpine expected to finish higher and acknowledged that Toyota were the faster team. Alpine team principal Philippe Sinault said the team's third-place finish was "an excellent result" and they had no reason to be disheartened.[125]Pascal Vasselon, Toyota's technical director, said calling both its cars into the garage would have cost them victory to Alpine.[126]
Frijns said he felt WRT "did an amazing job by basically leading both cars into the night and come out unscratched. The cars were both working really amazing, we had really good pace...". He described the close finish in LMP2: "the two Toyotas were in front of me, and they were slowing down before the finish line for their photo. But the three, four cars behind them were all slowing down and I was still fighting for the win I was trying to find my way around them, and I saw the chequered flag guy a bit late but luckily everything went well...".[127] WRT reported that after the No.41 car was recovered from parc fermé by mechanics, the engine and ancillaries were determined to be unmarred.[114] Blomqvist said he was happy with his racing and lamented losing the LMP2 victory to WRT: "It's a shame to lose. Maybe we feel like we lost the win, getting so close to it... To lose by seven-tenths is hard. But everything went WRT's way in this race. We had a few mistakes and things that went against us."[86]
Pier Guidi said of his second LMGTE Pro win: "It wasn't easy at all. Sometimes you gain, sometimes you lose, so we pushed really hard — the rain made it really hard for everyone. The Corvette was super quick, but we expected that."[128] Catsburg was positive about finishing second in class and was pleased with the Corvette's performance, saying: "This is my third time at Le Mans, and the first two times we finished nowhere. To be in the fight right to the last lap was very cool. It went well."[129]Antonio García said he would have preferred to have won, adding: "We were both alone so it was a one-on-one fight between Corvette and Ferrari. We were close."[129] His teammate Taylor noted: "It's hard to complain with a podium at Le Mans. But when you come this close, it's difficult to take."[129] Jani attributed Porsche's poor performance in LMGTEPro to Estre spinning, and when his co-driver emerged in a second group of cars during a safety car deployment dividing the GTE categories before midnight.[130] TF Sport owner Tom Ferrier concluded his team's car being slowed by a puncture and the resulting loss of time prevented them from challenging AFCorse close to the race's conclusion.[131] Fraga spoke of his fear debris from Perfetti's accident would mean the Aston Martin would be retired.[132]
Conway, Kobayashi and López's victory moved them atop the Hypercar Drivers' Championship with 120 points, nine ahead of their teammates Buemi, Hartley and Nakajima and 30 points over Lapierre, Negrão and Vaxivière. Calado and Pier Guidi took the GTE Drivers' Championship lead from Estre and Jani with 124 points to the latter's 112. Toyota and Ferrari left Le Mans as the respective Hypercar and GTE Manufacturers' Championship leaders, with two rounds of the season remaining.[1]
Race results
The minimum number of laps for classification at the finish (70 per cent of the overall race winner's distance) was 260 laps. Class winners are in bold.[120]
↑ HubAuto Racing team owner Morris Chen was asked by race organisers that the outfit use the Chinese Taipei Olympic flag and not the Taiwanese flag for unknown reasons before the race began.[135]
Related Research Articles
The 81st 24 Hours of Le Mans was a 24-hour automobile endurance racing event for teams of three drivers entering Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars held from 19 to 23 June 2013 at the Circuit de la Sarthe close to Le Mans, France. It was the 81st running of the event, as organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) since 1923. The race was the third and the premier round of the 2013 FIA World Endurance Championship, with 32 of the race's 56 entries contesting the championship. A test day was held two weeks prior to the race on 9 June. Approximately 245,000 spectators attended the event.
The 82nd 24 Hours of Le Mans was an 24-hour automobile endurance racing event for teams of three drivers entering Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars held from 11 to 15 June 2014 at the Circuit de la Sarthe close to Le Mans, France. It was the 82nd running of the event, as organized by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) since 1923. The race was the third round and the premier event of the 2014 FIA World Endurance Championship, with half of the race's fifty-five entries contesting the championship. Approximately 263,000 spectators attended the event, the largest crowd since 1989.
The 83rd 24 Hours of Le Mans was a 24-hour automobile endurance event for teams of three drivers each entering Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars held from 10 to 14 June 2015 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, close to Le Mans, France. It was the 83rd running of the 24 Hour race organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest as well as the third round of the 2015 FIA World Endurance Championship. A test day was held two weeks prior to the race on 31 May. A record-breaking 263,500 people attended the event.
The 2014 6 Hours of Circuit of the Americas was a six-hour endurance sports car racing event held for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars at the Circuit of the Americas near Austin, Texas on 20 September 2014. It served as the fourth of eight rounds of the 2014 FIA World Endurance Championship and was the second time the race was held as part of the championship. A total of 50,334 spectators attended the event.
The 2015 6 Hours of Silverstone was a six-hour endurance sports car racing event held for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars at the Silverstone Circuit near Silverstone, Northamptonshire, England on 12 April 2015 before a crowd of 45,000 spectators. The event served as the opening round of the 2015 World Endurance Championship; it was fourth running of the event as part of the championship.
The 2015 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, formally the WEC 6 Heures de Spa-Francorchamps, was a six-hour endurance sports car racing event held for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars on 2 May at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps in Stavelot, Belgium. Spa-Francorchamps hosted the second race of the 2015 FIA World Endurance Championship with 54,000 people attending the race weekend.
The 84th 24 Hours of Le Mans was a 24-hour automobile endurance racing event held for teams of three drivers each fielding Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars from 15 to 19 June 2016 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, close to Le Mans, France before 263,500 spetators. It was the 84th running of the 24 Hour race organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) as well as the third and flagship round of the 2016 FIA World Endurance Championship. A test day was held two weeks prior to the race on 5 June.
The 2015 6 Hours of Nürburgring was a six-hour endurance sports car racing event held for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars at the Nürburgring, Nürburg, Germany on 28–30 August 2015. Nürburgring served as the fourth round of the 2015 FIA World Endurance Championship, and it marked the inaugural running of the event as part of the championship. A total of 62,000 people attended the race weekend.
The 2016 WEC 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, formally the WEC 6 Heures de Spa-Francorchamps, was a six-hour endurance sports car racing event held for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Stavelot, Belgium on 5–7 May 2016. Spa-Francorchamps served as the second race of the 2016 FIA World Endurance Championship, and was the fifth running of the event as part of the championship. A total of 56,000 people attended the race.
The 85th 24 Hours of Le Mans was a 24-hour automobile endurance race for 60 teams of three drivers in Le Mans Prototype (LMP) and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance (LMGTE) cars. It was held from 17 to 18 June 2017 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, near Le Mans, before 258,500 spectators. The race's 85th running, organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest, was the third of nine rounds in the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship. A test day was held two weeks earlier on 4 June.
The 2016 6 Hours of Nürburgring was a six-hour endurance sports car racing event held for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars at the Nürburgring, Nürburg, Germany on 24 July 2016. The Nürburgring round served as the fourth race of the 2016 FIA World Endurance Championship, and was the second running of the event as part of the championship. A total of 58,000 people spectated the event.
The 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship was the sixth season of the FIA World Endurance Championship, an auto racing series co-organised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO). The series is open to Le Mans Prototypes and grand tourer-style racing cars divided into four categories. The season began at the Silverstone Circuit in April and ended at the Bahrain International Circuit in November, and include the 85th running of the 24 Hours of Le Mans. World championship titles were awarded to the leading prototype drivers and manufacturers, while for the first time in the World Endurance Championship the leading grand touring drivers and manufacturers were also awarded a world championship.
The 86th 24 Hours of Le Mans was an 24-hour automobile endurance race for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars entered by teams of three drivers each held from 16 to 17 June 2018 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, close to Le Mans, France. It was the 86th running of the event, as organised by the automotive group, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO), since 1923. The race was the second round of the 2018–19 FIA World Endurance Championship, with 36 of the race's 60 entries contesting the series. Approximately 256,900 people attended the race. A test day was held two weeks prior to the race on 3 June.
The 87th 24 Hours of Le Mans was an 24-hour automobile endurance race for Le Mans Prototype and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance cars entered by teams of three drivers each held from 15 to 16 June 2019 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, close to Le Mans, France before approximately 252,500 people. It was the 87th running of the event, as organised by the automotive group, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) since 1923. The round was the last race in the 2018–19 FIA World Endurance Championship and the second time in the season that the series had visited Le Mans. A test day was held two weeks prior to the race on 2 June.
The 88th 24 Hours of Le Mans was a 24-hour automobile endurance race for Le Mans Prototype (LMP) and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance (LMGTE) cars fielded by teams of three drivers each held from 19 to 20 September 2020 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, close to Le Mans, France. It was the 88th running of the event, as organised by the automotive group, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) since 1923. The race, held behind closed doors, was the seventh in the 2019–20 FIA World Endurance Championship, having been postponed from June to September as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in France.
The 2022 FIA World Endurance Championship was the tenth season of the FIA World Endurance Championship, an auto racing series organised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO). The series was open to prototype and grand tourer-style racing cars divided into four categories. World Championship titles were awarded to the leading manufacturers and drivers in both the prototype and grand tourer divisions.
The 90th 24 Hours of Le Mans was a 24-hour automobile endurance event that was held in front of 244,200 spectators on 11 and 12 June 2022 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, near Le Mans, France for Le Mans Hypercar (Hypercar), Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance (LMGTE) cars that were entered by teams of three drivers each. It was the 90th edition of the event organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest, and the third round of the 2022 FIA World Endurance Championship. A test day was held the week before the race on 5 June.
The 2023 FIA World Endurance Championship was the eleventh season of the FIA World Endurance Championship, an auto racing series organised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO). The series was open to prototype and grand tourer-style racing cars divided into three categories. World Championship titles were awarded to the leading drivers in both the prototype and grand tourer divisions and to the leading manufacturer in prototype division.
The 91st 24 Hours of Le Mans, also known as the Centenary 24 Hours of Le Mans, was an automobile endurance race for teams of three drivers racing Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Le Mans Grand Touring Endurance (LMGTE) cars held from 10 to 11 June 2023 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, near Le Mans, France. Held in front of 325,000 spectators, it was the 91st running of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest's 24-hour race—100 years after the first—and marked the fourth round of the 2023 FIA World Endurance Championship (WEC). There was a test day on 4 June, a week before the event.
The 92nd 24 Hours of Le Mans was an automobile endurance race for teams of three drivers each racing Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Le Mans Grand Touring Car (LMGT3) cars held from 15 to 16 June 2024 at the Circuit de la Sarthe, near Le Mans, France. The Automobile Club de l'Ouest's 92nd 24-hour race drew 329,000 spectators and was the fourth round of the 2024 FIA World Endurance Championship. There was a test day on 9 June, a week before the event.
↑ Augustyn, Adam; C. Shepherd, Melinda; Chauhan, Yamini; Levy, Michael; Lotha, Gloria; Tikkanen, Amy (17 June 2019). "24 Hours of Le Mans". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
↑ Dagys, John; Lloyd, Daniel (20 August 2021). "Le Mans Friday Notebook". SportsCar365. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
↑ Mercier, Laurent (20 August 2021). "La Porsche 911 RSR #92 a roulé à l'aéroport"[The #92 Porsche 911 RSR drove at the airport] (in French). Endurance-Info. Archived from the original on 25 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
1 2 Little, Martin; Fernandez, Mat (21 August 2021). "Toyota Tops Le Mans Warm Up". DailySportsCar. Archived from the original on 25 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
↑ Lloyd, Daniel; Dagys, John (13 August 2021). "Le Mans Friday Notebook". SportsCar365. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
Toyota Gazoo Racing 
Mike Conway 
José María López 
Team WRT 
Robin Frijns 
Ferdinand Habsburg 
Charles Milesi 
DragonSpeed USA 
Henrik Hedman
Juan Pablo Montoya 
AF Corse 
Nicklas Nielsen 
