This article lists historical urban community sizes based on the estimated populations of selected human settlements from 7000 BC – AD 2000, organized by archaeological periods.
Many of the figures are uncertain, especially in ancient times. Estimating population sizes before censuses were conducted is a difficult task. [1]
Town | Location | 7000 BC | 6000 BC | 5000 BC | 4000 BC | 3800 BC | 3700 BC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
'Ain Ghazal | Jordan | 2,000-2,500 [2] | |||||
Beidha | Jordan | 1,000 [3] | |||||
Çatalhöyük | Turkey | 1,000 [3] [2] –10,000 [4] | |||||
Çayönü | Turkey | 8630-7680 [5] [6] [7] | |||||
Choirokoitia [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] | Cyprus | 300–600 | 2,000 | ||||
Lepenski Vir | Serbia | 150–1,000 [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] | |||||
Nea Nikomedeia | Greece | 500–700 [21] | |||||
Okoliste | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,000–3,000 [22] | |||||
Vinča-Belo Brdo | Serbia | 2,000–2,500 [23] [24] | |||||
Sesklo | Greece | 1,000–5,000 [25] [26] [27] [28] | |||||
Dobrovody | Ukraine | 16,000 [29] | 10,000–16,000 [30] [31] [32] | ||||
Fedorovka | Ukraine | 6,000 [29] | |||||
Mehrgarh | Pakistan | 1,000–10,000 [33] | |||||
Maydanets | Ukraine | 10,000 [29] | 10,000–46,000 [a] [34] | ||||
Nebelivka | Ukraine | 17,000 [29] | |||||
Talianki | Ukraine | 15,000–25,000–30,000 [29] [35] [36] | 10,000–15,000 [37] [38] [ unreliable source? ] | ||||
Tell Brak | Syria | 4,000 [3] | 5,000 [3] | ||||
Uruk | Iraq | 5,000 [3] |
City | Location | 3700 BC | 3400 BC | 3100 BC | 2800 BC | 2600 BC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adab | Iraq | 11,000 [39] | ||||
Anshan | Iran | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | |||
Bad-tibira | Iraq | 16,000 [39] | ||||
Eridu | Iraq | 6,000–10,000 [39] | ||||
Habuba Kabira | Syria | 6,000–8,000 [39] | ||||
Harappa | Pakistan | 35,000 [40] | ||||
Kish | Iraq | 40,000 [39] | ||||
Lagash | Iraq | 40,000 [41] | ||||
Larak/Larsa | Iraq | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | |||
Manika, Greece [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] | Greece | 6,000–15,000 | 6,000–15,000 | |||
Memphis | Egypt | 30,000 | ||||
Mohenjo-daro | Pakistan | 41,250 [40] | ||||
Nekhen | Egypt | 5,000–10,000 [39] | ||||
Nippur | Iraq | 13,000 [39] | ||||
Shahr-i Sokhta | Iran | 20,000 [2] | ||||
Shuruppak | Iraq | 20,000 [39] | ||||
Suheri | 13,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | ||||
Susa | Iran | 8,000 [3] | ||||
Tell Brak | Syria | 8,000 [3] | 22,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | ||
Thebes, Greece | Greece | 4,000–6,000 [48] | ||||
Umma | Iraq | 26,000 [39] | ||||
Ur | Iraq | 6,000 [39] | ||||
Uruk | Iraq | 8,000 [3] 14,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | 40,000 [41] –50,000 [39] | 80,000 [39] | 80,000 [41] |
City | Location | 2500 BC | 2300 BC | 2000 BC | 1800 BC | 1600 BC | 1360 BC | 1200 BC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Athens [49] [50] | Greece | 10,000 | 10,000–15,000 | |||||
Akrotiri (prehistoric city) [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] | Greece | 8,000–30,000 | ||||||
Adab | Iraq | 13,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | |||
Akkad | Iraq | 36,000 [39] | ||||||
Amarna | Egypt | |||||||
Anshan | Iran | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | |||
Avaris/Pi-Ramses | Egypt | 100,000 [41] | 160,000 [41] | |||||
Babylon | Iraq | 65,000 [3] | 80,000 [3] | |||||
Dur-Kurigalzu | Iraq | |||||||
Ebla | Syria | 30,000 [39] | ||||||
Erlitou | China | 24,000 [3] –35,000 [39] | ||||||
Harappa | Pakistan | 10,000 [39] | ||||||
Hattusa | Turkey | 40,000 [59] | 40,000 [59] | |||||
Hazor | Israel | |||||||
Heliopolis | Egypt | |||||||
Heracleopolis | Egypt | |||||||
Isin | Iraq | 40,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | |||||
Kerma | Sudan | |||||||
Kesh | Iraq | 11,000 [39] | ||||||
Kish | Iraq | 25,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 40,000 [41] | ||||
Knossos [51] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] | Greece | 1,300–2,000 | 18,000 | 20,000 | 30,000 | |||
Lagash | Iraq | 40,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 30,000 [39] [41] | 10,000 [39] | |||
Larak/Larsa | Iraq | 10,000 [39] | 40,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | ||||
Manika, Greece [48] | Greece | 6,000–15,000 | 6,000–15,000 | |||||
Malia | Greece | 5,000–10,000–12,500 [51] [68] | ||||||
Mari | Syria | |||||||
Memphis | Egypt | 30,000 [39] –35,000 [3] | 60,000 [3] [39] [41] | 30,000 [39] | 22,000 [70] | 32,000 [70] | 50,000 [70] | |
Mohenjo-daro | Pakistan | 20,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | ||||
Mozah | 15,000 [39] | 15,000 [39] | ||||||
Mycenae | Greece | 20,000 [71] | 30,000–35,000 [65] [72] | 30,000 [59] | ||||
Namazga-Tepe | Turkmenistan | 14,000 [39] | 14,000 [39] | |||||
Nekhen | Egypt | 21,000 [59] | ||||||
Niniveh | Iraq | 23,000 [59] | 33,000 [59] | |||||
Nippur | Iraq | 20,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | ||||
Palaikastro | Greece | 18,000 [51] [68] | ||||||
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán | Mexico | 7,500 [73] | ||||||
Shahr-i Sokhta | Iran | 20,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | |||||
Shuruppak | Iraq | 17,000 [39] | ||||||
Suheri | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | |||||
Susa | Iran | 25,000 [39] | 25,000 [39] | |||||
Taosi | China | 10,000 [3] | 14,000 [3] | |||||
Tell Brak | Syria | 15,000 [39] | 15,000 [39] | |||||
Tell Churra | 20,000 [39] | |||||||
Tell Leilan | Syria | 20,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | |||||
Thebes | Egypt | 40,000 [39] | 40,000 [39] | 80,000 [3] | 80,000 [3] | |||
Thebes, Greece [48] [74] [75] | Greece | 4,000–6,000 | 8,000 | |||||
Tiryns [48] [76] [49] [50] | Greece | 1,200–1,800 | 10,000 | 10,000–15,000 | ||||
Umma | Iraq | 34,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 20,000 [39] | |||
Ur | Iraq | 60,000 [3] 65,000 [59] | ||||||
Uruk | Iraq | 50,000 [3] [39] | 75,000 [3] | |||||
Yin (Anyang) | China | 50,000 [3] –120,000 [41] | ||||||
Zabala | Iraq | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | 10,000 [39] | ||||
Zhengzhou | China | 35,000 [3] |
City | Location | 1000 BC | 900 BC | 800 BC | 700 BC | 650 BC | 600 BC | 500 BC | 430 BC | 400 BC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aegina | Greece | 20,000–40,000 [77] | 20,000–40,000 | |||||||
Anuradhapura | Sri Lanka | 48,000 [59] [70] | ||||||||
Anyi | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | ||||||||
Athens [67] [78] [79] [80] [81] | Greece | 2,500–5,000 [78] | 2,500–5,000 [78] | 2,500–5,000 [78] | 10,000 [78] | 20,000 [78] | 40,000 [78] | 25,000 [78] | ||
Agrigento | Italy | 40,000 | 40,000 | |||||||
Argos | Greece | 30,000–60,000 [67] [79] [82] [83] [84] [85] | 30,000–60,000 | |||||||
Ayodhya | India | |||||||||
Babylon | Iraq | 45,000 [70] –100,000 [b] | 47,000 [70] | 60,000 [70] | 125,000 [3] | 150,000 [3] | 200,000 [59] | 150,000 [3] | ||
Benares | India | |||||||||
Capua | Italy | 100,000 [86] [87] | 100,000 | |||||||
Cerveteri | Italy | 25,000–40,000 [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] | ||||||||
Chicheng | China | |||||||||
Cuicuilco | Mexico | |||||||||
Corinth | Greece | 5,000 [78] | 20,000 [78] | |||||||
Crotone | Italy | 50,000–80,000 [93] | ||||||||
Ecbatana | Iran | |||||||||
Haojing | China | 100,000 [b] | 125,000 [41] | 125,000 [41] | 33,000 [59] [70] | |||||
Hastinapur | India | |||||||||
Jerusalem | Israel | 40,000 [59] [70] | 49,942 (445 BC) [59] | |||||||
Kamarina | Italy | 20,000 | ||||||||
Kerch | Crimea Ukraine | 40,000 [59] [70] | ||||||||
Kingchow | China | |||||||||
Kalḫu (Nimrud) | Iraq | 75,000 [3] | ||||||||
Kosambi | India | 55,000 [70] | ||||||||
Linzi | China | 55,000–100,000 [3] [41] | 80,000–100,000 [70] [41] | 65,000–100,000 [3] [41] | 80,000–100,000 [3] [41] | 60,000–200,000 [70] [41] | 100,000–200,000 [3] [41] | |||
Luoyang | China | 35,000 [3] [70] –100,000 [c] [d] | 40,000 [3] | 45,000 [3] –50,000 [70] | 55,000 [3] –100,000 [41] | 70,000 [70] –100,000 [41] | 65,000 [3] –100,000 [41] | 200,000 [41] | 200,000 [41] | 100,000 [3] –240,000 [41] |
Marib | Yemen | 45,000 [70] | ||||||||
Memphis | Egypt | 35,000–100,000 [b] [70] | 44,000 [70] | 65,000 [70] | 100,000 [70] | |||||
Metapontum | Italy | 40,000 | ||||||||
Miletus | Turkey | |||||||||
Niniveh | Iraq | 39,000 [59] | 100,000 [3] | 120,000 [59] | ||||||
Pataliputra / Patna | India | 400,000 [3] | ||||||||
Populonia | Italy | 25,000–40,000 [90] [91] [94] [95] | ||||||||
Pyongyang | North Korea | |||||||||
Tarquinia | Italy | 20,000–40,000 [90] [91] [94] [95] | ||||||||
Thebes, Greece | Greece | 30,000–60,000 [48] [74] [96] [97] [98] | 30,000–60,000 | |||||||
Qufu | China | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | |||||||
Rome | Italy | 4,440 [99] | 24,400–40,000 [99] [100] | 27,200 | 28,960 [100] | |||||
Sais | Egypt | |||||||||
San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán | Mexico | 13,000 [101] | 13,000 [101] | |||||||
Shangqiu | China | 100,000 [41] | 130,000 [41] | |||||||
Sravasti | India | 46,000 [59] | ||||||||
Sparta | Greece | 40,000–50,000 [102] | ||||||||
Susa | Iran | 40,000 [59] [70] | 200,000 [59] [70] | |||||||
Suzhou | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||||
Syracuse | Italy | 24,000–40,000 [103] [104] [105] | 24,000–40,000 [79] | 24,000–125,000 [70] [79] | ||||||
Sybaris | Italy | 100,000 [106] | ||||||||
Taranto | Italy | 110,000–150,000 [107] | ||||||||
Thebes | Egypt | 50,000 [3] –120,000 [b] | 50,000 [3] | |||||||
Vaisali | India | |||||||||
Veii | Italy | 25,000–100,000 [90] [91] [94] [95] | ||||||||
Volsinii | Italy | 13,000–40,000 [90] [91] [94] [95] | ||||||||
Vulci | Italy | 15,000–40,000 [90] [91] [95] | ||||||||
Xiadu | China | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | 320,000 [41] | 300,000 [41] | |||||
Xintian | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||||
Xinzheng | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||||
Xue | ||||||||||
Yong | China | 100,000 [41] |
City | Location | 300 BC | 200 BC | 100 BC | AD 1 | AD 100 | AD 200 | AD 300 | AD 361 | AD 400 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alexandria | Egypt | 150,000 [3] | 300,000 [3] [59] –600,000 [41] | 400,000 [3] | 250,000 [70] –500,000 [108] | 500,000 [108] | 125,000 [70] –200,000 [59] | |||
Augsburg | Germany | 25,000–50,000 | 25,000–50,000 [109] | |||||||
Antioch | Turkey | 120,000 [59] | 400,000 [78] | 150,000 [70] –250,000 [110] | 250,000 [110] | 150,000 [70] | ||||
Anuradhapura | Sri Lanka | 68,000 [59] [70] | 130,000 [59] | 72,000 [70] | ||||||
Anyi | 100,000 [41] | |||||||||
Athens | Greece | 25,000 [78] | 10,000 [78] | 10,000 [78] | 90,000 [111] | 90,000 [111] | ||||
Autun | France | 40,000–100,000 [112] [113] | 40,000–100,000 | |||||||
Arles | France | 10,000 [114] | 10,000 [114] | 75,000 [115] | ||||||
Ayodhya | India | 63,000 [70] | ||||||||
Aquileia | Italy | 12,000 [116] | 12,000 [116] | |||||||
Carnuntum | Austria | 12,000 [110] –50,000 [117] [118] | 12,000 [110] –50,000 [117] [118] | |||||||
Capua | Italy | 100,000 | 100,000 [86] [87] | 25,000–40,000 | ||||||
Carthage | Tunisia | 150,000–200,000 [59] | 100,000 [59] –300,000 [119] | 300,000 [119] | ||||||
Chang'an/Xi'an | China | 100,000–400,000 [41] [3] [59] | 375,000–400,000 [3] [41] | 246,000–500,000 [120] [41] [3] | 81,000–100,000 [59] [70] [41] | 120,000 [3] | 140,000 [3] | 80,000 [70] | 100,000 [41] | |
Chengdu | China | 100,000 [41] | 70,000 [70] | |||||||
Cổ Loa | Vietnam | 40,000 [41] | 50,000 [41] | |||||||
Byzantium / Constantinople | Turkey | 15,000 | 20,000 | 150,000 | 200,000 | |||||
Corinth | Greece | 40,000–100,000 [78] [110] [121] | ||||||||
Cologne | Germany | 20,000–40,000 [122] [123] | 20,000–40,000 [122] [124] [125] | |||||||
Ctesiphon | Iraq | 250,000 [70] | ||||||||
Cuicuilco | Mexico | 36,000 [70] | ||||||||
Datong | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||||
El Mirador | Guatemala | 200,000 [126] | ||||||||
Ephesus | Turkey | 33,600 [110] | ||||||||
Izapa | Mexico | 35,000 [70] | ||||||||
Kaushambi | India | 90,000-180,000 [127] | ||||||||
Kaveri | 59,000 [70] | |||||||||
Linzi | China | 125,000–350,000 [3] [41] | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | ||||
London | UK | 30,000 | 45,000–60,000 [128] | |||||||
Lugdunum | France | 25,000–50,000 [114] [129] | 25,000–50,000 [114] [129] | |||||||
Luoyang | China | 125,000 [3] –240,000 [41] | 60,000 [70] | 200,000 [41] | 420,000 [41] [70] | 140,000 [3] –250,000 [41] | 200,000 [41] | |||
Mathura | India | |||||||||
Milan | Italy | 30,000–40,000 [59] | 100,000 | 25,000–100,000 [130] [131] [132] | ||||||
Monte Albán | Mexico | 5,200 [133] | 17,200 [133] | 17,200 [133] | 17,200 [133] | 17,200 [133] | ||||
Nanjing | China | 56,000 [70] | 78,000 [70] | 100,000 [41] | 150,000 [70] | 300,000 [41] | ||||
Nimes | France | 40,000–60,000 [134] [135] [136] | ||||||||
Ostia Antica | Italy | 25,000 [109] –40,000 [116] | 25,000–50,000 [109] [116] [137] | |||||||
Paithan | India | 60,000 [70] | 84,000 [70] | |||||||
Patala | Pakistan | 73,000 [70] | ||||||||
Pataliputra | India | 350,000 [59] –400,000 - 1,000,000 [127] | 69,000 [59] [70] | 250,000 [59] | ||||||
Peshawar | Pakistan | 120,000 [59] | ||||||||
Philippi | Greece | 100,000 [138] | ||||||||
Pingcheng | China | 88,000 [70] | 200,000 [3] | |||||||
Pozzuoli | Italy | 30,000–50,000 | 30,000 [119] –50,000 [109] | |||||||
Pyay | Myanmar | 69,000 [70] | ||||||||
Qufu | China | 100,000 [41] –125,000 [3] | ||||||||
Rajgir | India | 100,000 [127] | ||||||||
Rhodes [139] [140] [141] | Greece | 100,000–200,000 | 100,000 | |||||||
Rome | Italy | 100,000 [100] | 150,000–160,000 [70] [59] | 400,000 [3] | 1,000,000 [41] [3] | 1,000,000 [3] [41] | 1,000,000 [3] | 800,000 [3] | 800,000 [3] | 800,000 [3] |
Salona | Croatia | 25,000 [122] | 25,000 [122] | |||||||
Seleucia | Iraq | 200,000 [70] | 400,000 [78] | 250,000 (CE 2) [59] | 150,000 [59] –250,000 [70] | |||||
Shangqiu | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||||
Srughna | India | 100,000 [127] | ||||||||
Suzhou | China | 100,000 [41] | 66,000 [70] | 95,000 [70] | 58,000 [70] | |||||
Syracuse | Italy | 50,000–100,000 [79] | 90,000 [142] | 90,000 [142] | ||||||
Taxila | Pakistan | 60,000 [70] | ||||||||
Teotihuacán | Mexico | 60,000–80,000 [143] | 90,000 [70] | |||||||
Thessaloniki | Greece | 30,000 [111] | 30,000 [111] | |||||||
Tikal | Guatemala | 100,000 [144] | ||||||||
Tosali | India | 16,000-47,000 [127] | ||||||||
Tres Zapotes | Mexico | 30,000 [70] | ||||||||
Trier | Germany | 10,000 [122] | 10,000 [122] –50,000 | 50,000–100,000 [109] [115] | 60,000 | |||||
Ujjain | India | 60,000 [127] | 94,000 [70] | 80,000 [70] | ||||||
Vaishali | India | 28,000-82,000 [127] | ||||||||
Vidisha | India | ~100,000 [127] | ||||||||
Wanxian | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||||
Xiadu | China | 300,000 [41] | ||||||||
Xianyang | China | 100,000 [41] | 100,000–300,000 [59] | |||||||
Xinzheng | China | 120,000 [41] –125,000 [3] | ||||||||
Xuchang | China | 140,000 [3] | ||||||||
Ye | China | 140,000 [3] | 120,000 [70] | 100,000 [41] |
City | Location | 500 | 600 | 622 | 700 | 775 | 800 | 900 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aleppo | Syria | 72,000 [70] | ||||||
Athens | Greece | 110,000 [145] | ||||||
Alexandria | Egypt | 94,000 [70] –200,000 [59] | 216,000 [59] | 60,000–100,000 | 60,000–100,000 | |||
Angkor | Cambodia | 80,000 [146] | 100,000 [146] | 90,000 [70] –150,000 [146] | ||||
Anhilpur | India | 80,000 [70] | ||||||
Antioch | Turkey | 150,000 [70] | ||||||
Anuradhapura | Sri Lanka | 70,000 [70] | ||||||
Arles | France | 10,000 [147] | ||||||
Ayodhya | India | 75,000 [70] | ||||||
Badami | India | 70,000 [70] | ||||||
Baghdad | Iraq | 175,000 [3] [70] | 150,000 [3] | |||||
Bakhalal | Mexico | 45,000 [70] | ||||||
Basra | Iraq | 100,000 [70] | ||||||
Benares | India | 75,000-210,000 [148] | 49,000 [70] | 59,000 [70] | ||||
Carthage | Tunisia | 100,000 [59] [70] | ||||||
Chang'an / Xi'an | China | 95,000 [70] [41] –400,000 [59] | 400,000 [41] –600,000 [3] | 400,000 [70] | 1,000,000 [41] | 1,000,000 [41] [59] [e] | 600,000 [70] –1,000,000 [41] [3] | 100,000 [41] –750,000 [70] [3] |
Chengdu | China | 94,000 [70] | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | ||||
Chenla | Cambodia | 70,000 [70] | ||||||
Chunar | India | 72,000 [70] | ||||||
Constantinople | Turkey | 400,000 [3] –500,000 [59] [149] | 150,000 [3] | 150,000 [70] | 125,000 [3] | 40,000–50,000 [3] | 40,000–50,000 [3] | 150,000 [3] |
Copán | Honduras | 63,000 [70] | ||||||
Cologne | Germany | 15,000–20,000 [150] | 21,000 [150] | |||||
Córdoba | Spain | 135,000 [71] | 160,000 [70] | 110,000 [151] –175,000 [3] | ||||
Ctesiphon | Iraq | 400,000 [70] | 200,000 [152] –500,000 [70] | |||||
Dali | China | 90,000 [70] –100,000 [41] | ||||||
Đại La /Hanoi | Vietnam | 25,000 [153] | ||||||
Datong | China | 200,000 [41] | ||||||
Dorestad | Netherlands | 1,000–2,500 | 1,000–2,500 | |||||
El Pilar | Guatemala | 182,600 [154] | ||||||
El Tajín | Mexico | 40,000 [70] | 40,000 [70] | 50,000 [70] | ||||
Fanyang (Youzhou) | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||
Florence | Italy | 1,000 | 2,000–2,500 | 5,000 | ||||
Fustat | Egypt | 100,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | |||||
Gao | Mali | 72,000 [70] | ||||||
Granada | Spain | 20,000 | ||||||
Guangzhou | China | 200,000 [41] | 200,000 [41] | |||||
Gwalior | India | 65,000 [70] | ||||||
Huari/Wari | Peru | 70,000 [155] | ||||||
Jiankang | China | 500,000 [41] | ||||||
Jinyang (Taiyuan) | China | 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | |||||
Kannauj | India | 230,000 | 250,000 | 250,000 | 230,000 [70] | 200,000 [70] | ||
Kanchi | India | 56,000 [70] | 70,000 [70] | 51,000 [70] | ||||
Kyoto | Japan | 200,000 [156] | 100,000–200,000 [70] [41] | 200,000 [41] [59] | ||||
Laon | France | 28,000 [157] | ||||||
Lhasa | China | 100,000 [41] [70] | ||||||
London | UK | 10,000–12,000 | ||||||
Luoyang | China | 200,000 [70] –500,000 [41] | 500,000 [41] | 200,000 [70] | 500,000 [41] | 300,000 [70] –400,000 [41] | 150,000 [70] –200,000 [41] | |
Lyon | France | 12,000 [158] | ||||||
Madurai | India | 70,000 [70] | 70,000 [70] | |||||
Mainz | Germany | 20,000 [150] | 30,000 [150] | |||||
Mandsaur | India | 63,000 [70] | ||||||
Manyakheta | India | 100,000 [70] –200,000 [159] | ||||||
Metz | France | 25,000 [160] | 14,000 [160] | |||||
Milan | Italy | 30,000 | 25,000 [161] | 30,000 (875) [162] | ||||
Naples | Italy | 30,000 [162] | 30,000 [162] | 30,000 [162] | ||||
Nanjing | China | 150,000 [70] –500,000 [41] | ||||||
Nara | Japan | 100,000 [41] | ||||||
Orléans | France | 10,000 [147] | ||||||
Padua | Italy | 15,000 [147] | ||||||
Paris | France | 10,000–30,000 [59] | 20,000 | |||||
Patna / Pataliputra | India | 500,000 | 300,000 | 100,000 | 74,000 [70] | |||
Pavia | Italy | 15,000–20,000 [59] | ||||||
Poitiers | France | 5,000–9,000 [59] | 5,000–9,000 [59] | 5,000–9,000 [59] | 10,000 [59] | 10,000 [59] | ||
Preslav | Bulgaria | 40,000–60,000 [71] | ||||||
Prambanan | Indonesia | 60,000 [70] | 62,000 [70] | |||||
Provins | France | 10,000 | ||||||
Pyay | Myanmar | 73,000 [70] | 100,000 [70] | |||||
Pliska | Bulgaria | 34,000 [163] | ||||||
Ray | Iran | 68,000 [70] | ||||||
Regensburg | Germany | 25,000 [150] | 25,000 | |||||
Reims | France | 20,000 [59] | ||||||
Rennes | France | 10,000 | ||||||
Rome | Italy | 100,000 | 50,000 [164] –90,000 [165] | 50,000 [164] | 50,000 [164] | 50,000 [164] | 50,000 [166] [59] | 20,000–30,000 [164] |
Rouen | France | 10,000 | ||||||
Seville | Spain | 20,000 | 40,000 | 35,000 | 35,000 | 40,000–52,000 [71] | ||
Sialkot | Pakistan | 85,000 [70] | ||||||
Speyer | Germany | 20,000 | ||||||
Suzhou | China | 70,000 [70] | 120,000 [41] | 100,000 [41] | 84,000 [70] –100,000 [41] | 81,000 [70] –100,000 [41] | ||
Teotihuacán | Mexico | 125,000 [70] [143] | 60,000 [70] | |||||
Thessaloniki | Greece | 100,000 | 40,000 | 40,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 [71] | ||
Tikal | Guatemala | 45,000 [70] | 40,000 [70] | |||||
Toledo | Spain | 25,000 | 28,000 | |||||
Toulouse | France | 10,000 [59] | ||||||
Tours | France | 17,000 [59] | 20,000 [59] | |||||
Tula | Mexico | 41,000 [70] | 50,000 [70] | |||||
Trier | Germany | 10,000 [59] | 15,000 [59] | 15,000–25,000 [150] | ||||
Venice | Italy | 37,000 [59] | ||||||
Verona | Italy | 30,000 [59] | 25,000 | |||||
Worms | Germany | 10,000 | ||||||
Wuchang | China | 100,000 [41] | 84,000 [70] | |||||
Ye | China | 200,000 [41] |
City | Location | 1000 | 1100 | 1150 | 1200 | 1250 | 1300 | 1350 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Angkor | Cambodia | 200,000 [70] 400,000 [146] | 125,000 [70] 550,000 [146] | 140,000 [70] 600,000 [146] | 150,000 [70] 650,000 [146] | 650,000 [146] | ||
Amalfi | Italy | 35,000 [167] –80,000 [71] | 10,000–15,000 [59] | |||||
Ani | Turkey | 100,000 [168] –200,000 [169] | ||||||
Anhilpur | India | 100,000 [70] | 100,000 [70] | 135,000 [70] | ||||
Antioch | Turkey | 40,000 | 40,000 | |||||
L'Aquila | Italy | 40,000 | ||||||
Bagan | Myanmar | 100,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | 180,000 [70] | 180,000 [70] | |||
Baghdad | Iraq | 125,000 [59] | 150,000 [70] | 250,000 [3] | 150,000 [59] | |||
Beijing | China | 130,000 [70] | 140,000 [70] | 401,000 [70] | 400,000 [70] | |||
Berlin | Germany | 2,400 | 1,200–2,000 | 4,000–7,000 | ||||
Bologna | Italy | 50,000 | 50,000 | 23,000 | ||||
Braunschweig | Germany | 10,000 [150] | 21,000 [59] | |||||
Bruges | Belgium | 12,000 [150] | 15,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | 36,000 [59] | 50,000 [59] | ||
Cahokia | Illinois, USA | 10,200–15,300 [170] | 25,000 [171] | 20,000–30,000 [172] | ||||
Cairo | Egypt | 135,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | 175,000 [70] | 200,000 [70] –250,000 [3] | 300,000 [70] | 400,000 [3] [70] | 350,000 [70] |
Chang'an / Xi'an | China | 118,000 [70] | 114,000 [70] | |||||
Chartres | France | 7,000 | ||||||
Chunar | India | 66,000 [70] | ||||||
Cologne | Germany | 21,000 [173] | 25,000–35,000 [59] | 32,000–60,000 [174] | 52,000–60,000 [173] | 40,000–60,000 [124] [125] [174] | 57,000 (1333) [173] | |
Constantinople | Turkey | 150,000 [3] | 200,000 [70] –250,000 [3] | 200,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] –250,000 [3] | 100,000 [175] | 150,000 [175] | 80,000 [175] |
Córdoba | Spain | 110,000 [151] [3] | 60,000 (1103) [176] | 60,000 [176] | 60,000 [176] | 40,000 [176] | ||
Cuttack | India | 100,000 [70] | 90,000 [70] | 90,000 [70] | ||||
Dali | China | 90,000 [70] 100,000 [41] | 100,000 [70] | |||||
Delhi | India | 10,000 [177] | 60,000 [177] | 80,000 [70] | 100,000 [70] [177] | 125,000 [177] | ||
Dhar | India | 80,000 [70] | ||||||
Dwarasamudra | India | 30,000 | 120,000 | 150,000 | ||||
Edessa | Turkey | 25,000 | ||||||
Erfurt | Germany | 10,000 [150] | 21,000 [59] | 32,000 [59] | ||||
Fanyang (Youzhou) | China | 100,000 [41] | ||||||
Fes | Morocco | 75,000 [59] | 125,000 [70] | 160,000 [70] | 200,000 [70] –250,000 [59] | 200,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] –200,000 [59] | 125,000 [70] |
Florence | Italy | 13,000 | 20,000 | 30,000 | 50,000–110,000 [178] | 60,000–120,000 [59] [179] | 40,000 | |
Gangaikonda Cholapuram | India | 200,000 | 300,000 | 300,000 | 250,000 | 150,000 | ||
Gaur | India | 60,000 [70] | 90,000 [70] | 100,000 [70] | ||||
Genoa | Italy | 15,000 [59] –80,000 [178] | 30,000 [59] | 100,000 [180] | 100,000 [59] | |||
Ghent | Belgium | 8,000 [150] | 12,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | 65,000 [181] | 42,000 [59] –65,000 | 57,000 [59] | |
Guangzhou | China | 140,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | ||||
Hangzhou | China | 80,000 [70] | 90,000 [70] | 145,000 [70] –800,000 [3] | 255,000 [70] –1,000,000 [3] | 320,000 [70] –1,000,000 [41] | 432,000 [70] –800,000 [3] | 432,000 [70] |
Ile-Ife | Nigeria | 75,000–105,000 [182] | ||||||
Jinzhou | China | 85,000 [70] | ||||||
Kaifeng | China | 400,000 [41] [59] –1,000,000 [3] | 442,000 [70] –1,000,000 [3] | 150,000 [70] | 1,000,000 [41] | |||
Kalburgi | India | 70,000 [70] | ||||||
Kalyan | India | 150,000 [70] | 125,000 [70] | |||||
Kannauj | India | 72,000 [70] | 80,000 [70] | 92,000 [70] | ||||
Khajuraho (Kalinjar) | India | 100,000 [59] | 50,000 [70] | |||||
Khambhat | India | 50,000 [70] | 60,000 [70] | |||||
Kyiv | Ukraine | 45,000 [59] | 48,000 [59] –100,000 [167] | 36,000–50,000 [59] | ||||
Kollam | India | 60,000 [70] | ||||||
Kyoto | Japan | 175,000 [41] –300,000 [59] | ||||||
Laon | France | 25,000 [157] | ||||||
London [183] | UK | 20,000–25,000 | 10,000–20,000 | 20,000–30,000 | 80,000–100,000 [184] | 25,000–50,000 | ||
Lübeck | Germany | 6,000 | 18,800 | |||||
Madurai | India | 60,000 [70] | ||||||
Mainz | Germany | 30,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | 24,000 [59] | |
Manyakheta | India | 71,000 [70] | ||||||
Marrakech | Morocco | 150,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | 125,000 [70] | |||
Marseille | France | 6,000–7,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | 40,000 [59] | ||||
Merv | Turkmenistan | 200,000 [70] | 70,000 [59] | |||||
Metz | France | 16,000 | 21,000 [59] | 23,000–27,000 [59] | 32,000 [59] | |||
Milan | Italy | 15,000 [164] | 45,000 | 58,000 (1170) [59] | 60,000 [59] –100,000 [164] | 150,000 | 150,000–200,000 [184] [164] [185] [186] | 50,000–200,000 [178] [185] [186] [131] |
Montpellier | France | 40,000–50,000 [184] | ||||||
Nabadwip | India | 85,000 [70] | ||||||
Nanjing | China | 130,000 [70] | 130,000 [70] | 130,000 [70] | 95,000 [70] | |||
Naples | Italy | 30,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 30,000–36,000 (1278) [59] | 40,000 [59] –100,000 | 60,000 (1340) [59] |
Nishapur | Iran | 125,000 [70] | ||||||
Norwich | UK | 20,000–25,000 | ||||||
Padua | Italy | 15,000 [184] | 35,000 [184] | |||||
Palermo | Italy | 60,000 [151] –75,000 | 150,000 | 150,000 [70] | 50,000 (1277) [59] | 40,000 [59] –100,000 [184] | ||
Paris | France | 20,000 [187] | 50,000–65,000 [188] [189] [190] [191] | 110,000 [187] | 160,000 [70] | 200,000–270,000 (1328) [192] | 215,000 [70] | |
Polonnaruwa | Sri Lanka | 75,000 [70] | ||||||
Prague | Czech Republic | 10,000 [150] | 22,000 [59] | 40,000 [59] | 50,000 [59] | |||
Puri | India | 78,000 [70] | 72,000 [70] | |||||
Ramavati | 75,000 [70] | |||||||
Regensburg | Germany | 40,000 [150] [167] | 30,000 | |||||
Rome | Italy | 35,000 [59] [167] | 30,000–40,000 [164] | 30,000–40,000 [164] | 40,000 [164] | 40,000–50,000 [164] | 15,000 [193] –17,000 [59] | |
Rouen | France | 20,000 [59] | 20,000 [59] | 30,000–40,000 [59] | 50,000 [59] | 40,000–50,000 [59] [184] | ||
Salerno | Italy | 50,000 [194] | 50,000 [59] | 50,000 | 10,000 (1320) [59] | |||
Sarai | Russia | 120,000 [70] | ||||||
Seville | Spain | 52,000 | 40,000–50,000 [184] | |||||
Shangjing | China | 140,000 [41] | ||||||
Speyer | Germany | 25,000 | 30,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | |
Suzhou | China | 100,000 [41] | 96,000 [70] | |||||
Tabriz | Iran | 125,000 [70] | 100,000 [70] | |||||
Thanjavur | India | 200,000 [70] | 250,000 | 200,000 | ||||
Thăng Long/Hanoi | Vietnam | 30,000 [153] | 40,000 [153] | |||||
Thessaloniki | Greece | 40,000 [59] | 40,000 [59] | 40,000 [59] | 30,000 [59] | 50,000 [59] –100,000 [195] | 50,000–150,000 [167] [196] | |
Toledo | Spain | 37,000 | 35,000 | 42,000 | ||||
Toulouse | France | 35,000 | ||||||
Trier | Germany | 20,000 [150] | 20,000 [59] | 20,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | |||
Venice | Italy | 45,000–60,000 [130] [197] [198] [199] | 58,000 | 64,000–70,000 [59] | 70,000–80,000 [185] [59] | 45,000 [180] | 100,000–120,000 [70] [185] | 65,228 (1363) |
Veliky Novgorod | Russia | 10,000–18,000 | 20,000–40,000 | 50,000 [200] [201] | ||||
Verona | Italy | 10,000 | 20,000–25,000 | 20,000–25,000 | 35,000–40,000 | |||
Vijayanagar | India | 200,000 | ||||||
Warangal | India | 63,000 [70] | 80,000 [70] | |||||
Worms | Germany | 20,000 [150] | 28,000 [59] | 25,000 [59] | 20,000 [59] | |||
York | UK | 8,000 [184] | 23,000 [184] | |||||
Ypres | Belgium | 40,000–200,000 [202] | 30,000 [59] | |||||
City | 1400 | 1450 | 1500 | 1550 | 1575 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aachen | 15,000 [203] | ||||
Adrianople / Edirne | 28,000 [59] | 85,000 [59] | 125,000 [59] | 160,000 [59] | 183,000 [59] |
Agra | 250,000 | 500,000 | |||
Ahmedabad | 70,000 [59] | 80,000 [59] –100,000 [70] | 140,000 [70] –175,000 [59] | 300,000 | |
Ahmednagar | 70,000 [70] | ||||
Alessandria | 8,000 [204] | ||||
Antwerp | 18,000 (1374) | 20,000 (1444) | 40,000 [203] | 90,000 [203] | 104,984 (1568) [59] [70] |
Asti | 8,000 [204] | ||||
Augsburg | 14,000 (1408) [205] | 17,000 (1471) [205] | 20,000 [203] | 45,000 [203] | |
Ayutthaya | 150,000 [206] | 150,000 [206] | 10,000 (1569) [206] | ||
Bago | 150,000 [70] | 175,000 [70] | |||
Beijing | 150,000 [70] | 600,000 [70] | 672,000 [70] | 690,000 [70] | 706,000 [70] |
Bologna | 40,000 [207] | 55,000 [204] | 61,731 (1569) [207] [204] | 72,395 (1588) [207] | |
Brescia | 27,000 [207] | 30,000 (1440) [207] | 49,000 [204] | 41,000 [204] | |
Bursa | 95,000 [59] | 130,000 [70] | |||
Bruges | 37,000 [185] | 25,000 | 30,000 [203] | 35,000 [203] | 29,000 (1584) [208] |
Cairo | 125,000–360,000 [3] [70] | 380,000 [70] | 400,000 [3] [59] | 360,000 [70] | 275,000 [70] |
Chan Chan | 60,000–100,000 [209] | 5,000–10,000 [210] | |||
Chang'an / Xi'an | 150,000 [59] | 150,000 [59] | 127,000 [70] | 150,000 [59] | |
Cologne | 40,000 [59] | 30,000 [203] | 35,000 [203] | 37,000 [59] | |
Como | 10,000 [204] | 10,000 [204] | |||
Constantinople / Istanbul | 75,000 [59] | 40,000–50,000 [196] | 200,000 [59] | 660,000 [70] | 680,000 [70] |
Crema | 11,000 [204] | ||||
Cremona | 35,000 [211] | 40,000 [204] | 34,000 [204] | ||
Cuneo | 6,000 [204] | ||||
Cuttack | 75,000 [70] | 100,000 [70] | 140,000 [70] | 90,000 [70] | |
Cusco | 45,000 [212] | ||||
Delhi | 80,000 [70] –100,000 [177] | 160,000 [177] | 160,000 [177] | ||
Fes | 125,000 [70] | 150,000 [59] | 130,000 [70] | ||
Florence | 45,000–61,000 [59] [178] [213] | 54,000 (1470) [59] | 55,000–70,000 [194] [178] [214] | 59,216 (1562) [59] | |
Fossano | 9,000 [204] | ||||
Gao | 60,000 [70] | ||||
Gaur | 150,000 [70] | 200,000 [70] | |||
Ghent | 70,000 [59] | 40,000 [203] | 50,000 [203] | ||
Genoa | 80,000–100,000 [178] [179] | 120,000 (1460) [59] | 60,000 [204] | 65,000 [204] | |
Granada | 100,000 [59] | 165,000 [70] | 70,000 [194] [59] | ||
Guangzhou | 150,000 [70] | 175,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | 160,000 [70] | 170,000 [70] |
Gwalior | 80,000 [70] | ||||
Hangzhou | 235,000 [70] | 250,000 [70] | 250,000 [59] | 260,000 [70] | 260,000 [70] |
Hanoi | 50,000 [153] | ||||
Jaunpur | 100,000 [70] | ||||
Kalburgi | 90,000 [70] | ||||
Kano | 50,000 [70] | ||||
Khambhat | 60,000 [70] | ||||
Kollam | 60,000 [70] | ||||
Lodi | 9,000 [204] | ||||
London [183] | 45,000 [59] | 75,000 [59] | 40,000 [215] | 80,000 [215] | |
Lyon | 20,000–35,000 [59] | 60,000 [59] | 50,000 [216] | 70,000 [216] | |
Lübeck | 17,200 | 21,568 | 25,444 | 22,452 | |
Magdeburg | 20,000 [59] | 24,000 [59] | 18,000 [217] | 40,000 [59] | |
Mandu | 70,000 [70] | ||||
Mantua | 28,000 [204] | 38,000 [204] | |||
Milan | 125,000 [180] [185] | 110,000 [59] | 100,000 [204] | 69,000 [204] | 115,000 (1574) |
Modena | 18,000 [204] | 16,000 [204] | |||
Nanjing | 487,000 [70] | 150,000 [70] | 157,000 [70] | 182,000 [70] | 188,000 [70] |
Naples | 40,000–100,000 [59] [179] | 60,000 (1435) [59] | 125,000 [218] –150,000 [219] | 212,000 [219] | 215,000 [70] |
Novara | 7,000 [204] | ||||
Nuremberg | 18,000 [59] | 25,982 (1449) [59] | 36,000 [217] | 40,000 [217] | |
Oyo-Ile | 150,000 | 60,000 [70] | |||
Padua | 27,000 [204] | 32,000 [204] | |||
Paris | 100,000 (1422) [220] | 150,000 [70] | 100,000 [216] | 130,000 [216] | 220,000 [70] |
Parma | 19,000 [204] | 25,000 [204] | |||
Pavia | 16,000 [204] | 13,000 [204] | |||
Piacenza | 27,000 [204] | ||||
Prague | 40,000 | 30,000 | |||
Rome | 33,000 [221] | 33,500 (1458) [221] | 38,000 [221] –55,000 [219] | 45,000 [219] | 80,000 (1580) |
Rouen | 40,000 [216] | 65,000 [216] | |||
Samarkand | 130,000 [70] | ||||
Seoul | 100,000 [59] | 125,000 [70] | 150,000 [59] | 125,000 [59] | |
Seville | 15,000 (1384) [222] | 60,000 [222] | 65,000 | 109,000 (1565) [222] | |
Suzhou | 129,000 [70] | ||||
Tabriz | 150,000 [70] | 200,000 [70] | 250,000 [70] | ||
Tenochtitlan/Mexico City | 200,000-400,000 [223] [224] [225] | 60,000 [59] | |||
Texcoco | 60,000 [70] | ||||
Venice | 85,000–200,000 [178] [179] | 150,000 (1423) [185] | 100,000 [204] | 158,000 [204] | 134,871 (1581) |
Verona | 14,800 | 38,000 [204] | 52,000 [204] | ||
Vijayanagar | 400,000 [70] | 550,000 [70] | 500,000 [226] - 1,000,000 [227] |
City | 1600 | 1650 | 1700 | 1750 | 1800 | 1825 | 1850 | 1875 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aachen | 14,171 (1601) | 12,000 [203] | 15,000 [203] | 24,000 [203] | 35,428 | 56,190 (1849) [205] | 79,606 | |
Adrianople/Edirne | 160,000 [59] | 132,000 [59] | 93,000 [59] | 96,000 [59] | 100,000 [59] | 125,000 [59] | 85,000 [59] | |
Alexandria | 15,000 (1693) | 6,000 (1777) | 4,000 (1798) | 12,528 (1828) | 138,000 | 212,000 [228] | ||
Antwerp | 47,000 [203] | 70,000 [203] | 70,000 [203] | 46,000 [203] | 60,000 [203] | 88,000 [229] | 127,000 [229] | |
Agra | 500,000 [59] | 660,000 [59] | 60,000 [59] | 108,000 [59] | 149,008 (1872) [230] | |||
Ahmedabad | 300,000 [59] | 380,000 [59] | 400,000 [70] | 120,000 [59] | 89,000 [59] | 87,000 (1824) | 94,390 (1846) | 116,873 (1872) [230] |
Amsterdam | 59,551 [231] | 176,873 [231] | 235,224 | 233,952 [70] | 203,485 | 197,231 (1820) | 223,700 [229] | 289,000 [228] |
Augsburg | 48,000 [203] | 21,000 [203] | 21,000 [203] | 31,000 [205] | 28,000 [203] | 35,000 [205] | 57,210 | |
Ayutthaya | 100,000 [206] | 125,000 [232] | 150,000 [206] | 150,000 [206] | 30,000 [206] | |||
Baltimore | 26,514 | 80,620 (1830) | 169,054 | 299,000 [228] | ||||
Barcelona | 64,000 | 64,000 | 73,000 | 70,000 | 120,000 | 120,000 | 167,000 | 240,000 [228] |
Beijing | 706,000 [59] | 470,000 [70] | 650,000 [59] | 900,000 [70] | 1,100,000 [41] [59] | 1,350,000 [70] | 1,648,000 [70] | 1,310,000 [59] |
Berlin | 25,000 [203] | 12,000 [203] | 55,000 [203] | 113,289 [233] | 172,132 [233] | 220,277 | 446,000 | 1,045,000 [228] |
Birmingham | 2,000 [215] | 4,000 [215] | 7,000 [215] | 23,688 [234] | 73,670 (1801) [234] | 122,000 | 294,000 | 480,000 [228] |
Bombay | 100,000 | 163,000 (1826) | 718,000 [228] | |||||
Bordeaux | 40,000 [235] | 40,000 [235] | 50,000 [235] | 67,000 [235] | 88,000 [235] | 142,000 [236] | 225,000 [228] | |
Boston | 6,700 | 20,000 | 35,248 | 61,392 (1830) | 202,261 | 450,000 [228] | ||
Breslau (Wrocław) | 33,000–40,000 [59] [237] | 37,000 [59] | 40,000 [59] | 52,000 [59] | 64,520 [59] | 89,500 (1831) | 114,000 [59] | 239,050 [59] |
Bristol | 10,549 [238] | 15,000-20,000 [238] | 25,000 [238] | 43,275 [239] | 62,452 [239] | 94,180 [239] | 137,528 [239] | 206,874 (1881) [239] |
Brussels | 55,000 [59] | 70,000 [59] | 70,000 [59] | 55,000 [59] –60,000 [229] | 66,297 [59] [229] | 208,000 [59] –251,000 [229] | 327,000 [228] | |
Bucharest | 60,000 [240] | 50,000 [240] | 25,000 [240] | 34,000 [240] | 104,000 [240] | 177,646 (1878) [241] | ||
Budapest | 25,000 [242] | 24,000 [242] | 54,000 [242] | 156,506 [242] | 325,000 [228] | |||
Cairo | 200,000 [70] | 350,000 [243] | 350,000 [243] | 300,000 [243] | 210,960 | 257,783 | 267,160 | 345,028 |
Calcutta | 200,000 | 230,000 (1822) | 680,000 [228] | |||||
Chicago | 100 (1830) | 29,963 | 405,000 [228] | |||||
Cologne | 40,000 [203] | 45,000 [203] | 42,000 [203] | 43,000 [203] [229] | 42,000 [203] | 59,049 | 94,781 (1849) [229] | 135,371 |
Copenhagen | 40,000 [59] | 29,000 | 62,000 [59] | 93,000 [229] | 101,000 [229] | 108,000 [59] | 150,000 | 241,000 [228] |
Danzig | 50,000 [217] | 70,000 [217] | 50,000 [217] | 46,000 [217] | 40,000 [217] | 61,900 | 65,000 [59] | 90,500 (1874) |
Delhi | 200,000 [177] | 500,000 [177] | 100,000 [177] | 125,000 [177] | 150,000 [177] | 156,000 [177] | 154,417 (1872) [244] | |
Dhaka | 200,000 [59] | 200,000 [59] | 200,000 [59] | 135,000 [59] | 110,000 [59] | 66,989 (1830) [59] | 60,617 [59] | 51,536 (1869) [59] |
Dresden | 14,793 (1603) | 16,000 (1648) | 21,298 (1699) | 63,209 (1755) | 61,794 | 61,886 (1830) | 94,092 (1849) | 197,295 [228] |
Dublin | 5,000 [245] | 17,000 [245] | 60,000 [245] –80,000 [246] | 90,000 [245] –128,570 (1753) [246] | 167,899 (1802) [245] | 194,000 [247] | 263,000 [248] | 310,000 [228] |
Edinburgh | 35,000 | 55,000 | 82,000 | 145,000 | 194,000 | 274,000 [228] | ||
Edo (Tokyo) | 60,000 [70] | 430,000 | 688,000 [70] | 509,000 [59] | 685,000 [70] | 530,000 [59] | 567,000 [59] | 780,000 [228] |
Esfahān | 125,000 [59] | 350,000 [70] | 350,000 [70] | 60,000 [59] | 50,000 [59] | 60,000 [59] | 76,088 (1870) | |
Genoa | 71,000 [204] | 90,000 [204] | 80,000 [204] | 87,000 [204] | 91,000 [204] | 83,569 (1822) | 100,696 | 130,269 (1872) |
Glasgow [249] | 7,000 | 14,000 | 14,000 | 23,500 [229] | 77,000 [229] | 170,000 | 346,000 | 635,000 [228] |
Guangzhou | 180,000 [70] | 200,000 [70] | 200,000 [70] | 400,000 [70] | 800,000 [70] | 900,000 [70] | 875,000 [70] | 944,000 [59] |
Hangzhou | 270,000 [70] | 281,000 [70] | 303,000 [70] | 340,000 [70] | 387,000 [70] | 410,000 [70] | 700,000 [59] | 50,000 (1864) |
Hanoi | 40,000 [153] | 100,000 [250] | 100,000 [250] | 75,000 [250] | 81,000 [250] | 51,000 [153] | 255,000 [251] | |
Huế | 60,000 [153] | 50,325 [153] | ||||||
Ho Chi Minh City/Saigon | 24,000 | 50,000 [153] | 50,000 [153] | 180,661 (1902) [252] | ||||
Hyderabad | 80,000 [253] | 90,000 [232] | 200,000 [253] | 225,000 [253] | 200,000 [253] | 200,000 [253] | 200,000 [253] | 350,000 [253] |
Iași (Jassy) | 20,000 [240] | 20,000 [240] | 50,000 [240] | 72,000 (1877) [254] | ||||
Constantinople/Istanbul | 400,000–700,000 [3] [70] | 700,000 [70] | 600,000–700,000 [3] [70] | 625,000 [70] | 570,000 [70] | 675,000 [70] | 785,000 [70] | 827,750 (1874) |
Hamburg | 40,000 [237] | 75,000 | 70,000 [59] | 75,000–90,000 [255] [59] | 130,000 [255] | 124,838 (1830) | 193,000 [59] | 348,000 [228] |
Kagoshima | 50,000 | 51,000 [59] | 57,000 [59] | 67,000 [70] | 72,350 [59] | 72,000 [59] | 89,374 (1873) | |
Kanazawa | 50,000 [59] | 55,106 [59] | 67,000 [70] | 78,000 [59] | 97,000 [59] | 103,000 [59] | 116,000 [59] | 109,685 (1873) |
Kyoto | 300,000 [70] | 350,000 [256] | 350,000 [257] [70] | 362,000 [248] | 377,000 [258] | 350,000 [247] | 323,000 [248] | 238,663 (1873) [259] |
Königsberg | 40,000 (1663) | 40,600 (1708) | 60,000 [215] | 59,000 [215] | 67,125 | 79,887 (1852) | 122,636 | |
Lahore | 350,000 [59] | 200,000 [59] | 94,000 [59] | 99,000 (1872) [259] | ||||
Leipzig | 20,000 | 14,000 (1648) | 15,653 (1699) | 35,000 | 32,146 | 41,506 | 62,374 (1849) | 209,000 [228] |
Lisbon | 110,000 [59] | 165,000 (1639) [59] | 188,000 [59] | 148,000–213,000 [255] [59] | 180,000–237,000 [255] [59] | 249,000 [59] | 240,000–259,000 [255] [59] | 235,000 (1870) [255] |
Liverpool | 5,714 | 22,000 [255] | 77,653 (1801) [255] | 170,000 [59] | 375,955 (1851) [260] | 650,000 [228] | ||
London | 200,000 [215] | 400,000 [215] | 575,000 [215] | 675,000 [215] | 865,000 [215] | 1,335,000 [70] | 2,320,000 [70] | 4,241,000 [70] |
Lyon | 40,000 [216] | 75,000 [216] | 97,000 [216] | 114,000 [255] | 102,167 (1793) | 115,841 (1820) | 254,000 | 331,000 [228] |
Lübeck | 22,570 | 31,068 | 19,978 | 17,644 | 24,631 | 25,600 | 26,098 | 44,799 |
Madras | 15,000 | 55,000 | 125,000 | 172,000 | 310,000 | 400,000 [228] | ||
Madrid | 49,000 [261] | 130,000 [261] | 110,000 [261] | 109,000 [255] [261] | 167,000 [261] | 181,400 (1826) [59] | 263,000 [255] [59] | 407,000 [228] |
Manchester | 5,000 [215] | 9,000 [215] | 18,000 [215] | 70,000 [215] | 155,000 | 412,000 | 590,000 [228] | |
Marseille | 40,000 [216] | 66,000 [216] | 75,000 [216] | 68,000 [216] [255] | 78,000 [216] | 119,000 [59] | 193,000 [59] | 316,000 [228] |
Mexico City | 75,000 [59] | 90,000 [59] | 100,000 [59] | 110,000 [59] | 128,000 [59] | 176,000 [59] | 170,000 [260] [59] | 250,000 [59] |
Milan [180] | 120,000 [204] | 100,000 [204] | 124,000 [204] | 123,618 [59] [255] [204] | 134,528 [59] [204] | 168,000 [59] | 193,000 [59] | 277,000 [228] |
Moscow | 80,000 [59] | 200,000 (1638) | 130,000 [59] | 130,000–161,000 [255] [59] | 238,000 [59] | 241,500 | 373,800 [260] | 601,969 (1871) |
Munich | 20,000 [217] | 10,000 [217] | 21,000 [217] | 32,000 [217] [255] | 34,000 [217] | 62,290 | 96,398 | 198,000 [228] |
Nagoya | 65,000 [59] | 65,000 [70] | 96,000 [59] | 92,000 [70] | 116,000 | 125,193 (1873) [259] | ||
Nanjing | 194,000 [70] | 178,000 [70] | 300,000 [59] | 285,000 [59] | 220,000 [59] | 200,000 [59] | 300,000 [59] | |
Naples | 400,000 [219] | 176,000 [219] | 216,000 [219] | 305,000 [219] | 427,000 [219] | 350,000 [70] | 413,000 [260] –416,000 [59] | 450,000 [228] |
New Orleans | 8,056 | 46,082 (1830) | 116,375 | 210,000 [228] | ||||
New York City | 4,436 (1703) | 13,296 (1749) | 63,000 | 170,000 | 682,000 | 1,900,000 [70] | ||
Nuremberg | 40,000 [217] | 25,000 [217] | 40,000 [217] | 30,000 [217] [255] | 27,000 [217] [255] | 54,000 [255] | 91,017 | |
Osaka | 200,000–360,000 [70] | 220,000 | 350,000–380,000 [70] [262] [263] | 400,000 (1749) | 383,000–500,000 (1783) [59] [262] | 340,000 [59] | 300,000 | 320,000 [228] |
Palermo | 105,000 [264] [219] | 128,000 [232] | 100,000 [219] | 118,000 [219] | 139,000 [219] | 168,000 [247] | 182,000 [248] | 219,000 [228] |
Paris | 220,000 [216] | 430,000 [216] | 510,000 [216] | 576,000 [216] | 581,000 [216] | 855,000 [70] | 1,314,000 [70] | 2,250,000 [70] |
Philadelphia | 4,400 | 14,563 (1753) | 68,200 | 138,000 | 426,221 | 791,000 [228] | ||
Prague | 60,000 | 25,000 | 39,000 [265] | 58,000 [266] [265] | 77,403 [59] [266] [265] | 98,000 | 117,000 [266] | 223,371 (1869) |
Rio de Janeiro | 20,000 | 29,000 | 44,000 | 166,419 | 274,000 [228] | |||
Rome | 105,000 [219] | 124,000 [219] | 138,000 [219] | 156,000 [219] | 163,000 [219] | 138,000 | 170,000 | 252,000 [228] |
Rouen | 60,000 [216] | 82,000 [216] | 64,000 [216] | 67,000 [216] | 81,000 [216] | 92,083 (1836) | 104,142 (1851) [267] | 104,902 (1876) |
Saint Petersburg | 138,000 [268] | 220,200 [268] | 438,000 [70] | 502,000 [268] | 764,000 [228] | |||
Seoul | 150,000 [70] | 158,000 [70] | 187,000 [70] | 190,000 [59] | 192,000 [59] | 194,000 [59] | ||
Seville | 121,000 (1597) [222] | 65,000 [261] | 96,000 [261] | 66,000 [261] [266] | 96,000 [261] | 75,000 (1820) | 106,000 [266] | 133,247 (1877) |
Shanghai | 45,000 | 60,000 | 100,000 | 115,000 | 250,000 | 400,000 [228] | ||
Sunpu | 100,000 [70] | 31,555 (1873) [269] | ||||||
St. Louis | 925 (1799) | 4,977 (1830) | 77,860 | 338,000 [228] | ||||
Suzhou | 175,000 [59] | 145,000 [59] | 245,000 [59] | 302,000 [59] | 243,000 [70] | 302,000 [70] | 550,000 [59] | 250,000 [59] |
Turin | 24,000 [204] | 37,000 [204] | 42,000 [204] | 57,000 [204] | 82,000 [204] | 109,000 [247] | 138,000 [248] | 216,000 [228] |
Warsaw | 35,000 [270] | 21,000 [270] | 28,000 [270] | 75,000 [270] | 124,000 [247] | 163,000 [270] | 311,000 [228] | |
Venice [180] | 139,000 [204] | 120,000 [204] | 138,000 [204] | 149,000 [204] | 138,000 [204] | 109,927 | 106,000 [266] | 129,676 |
Vienna [271] [272] | 50,000 [265] | 60,000 [265] | 114,000 [265] | 175,400 [265] | 231,000 [265] | 401,200 | 551,300 | 1,020,770 |
Xi'an | 138,000 [70] | 147,000 [59] | 167,000 [70] | 195,000 [70] | 224,000 [70] | 259,000 [70] | 275,000 [59] | 250,000 [59] |
Yamaguchi | 80,000 [70] |
City | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Algiers [273] | 516,000 | 872,000 | 1,281,000 | 1,621,000 | 1,797,000 | 2,141,000 |
Baghdad [274] | 579,000 | 1,019,000 | 2,070,000 | 3,145,000 | 4,092,000 | 5,200,000 |
Bangkok [275] | 1,360,000 | 2,151,000 | 3,110,000 | 4,723,000 | 5,889,000 | 6,395,000 |
Barcelona [276] | 1,809,000 | 2,468,000 | 3,482,000 | 3,837,000 | 4,101,000 | 4,355,000 |
Beijing [277] | 1,671,365 | 3,900,441 | 4,426,045 | 5,366,372 | 6,787,737 | 10,285,091 |
Berlin [278] | 3,338,000 | 3,260,000 | 3,206,000 | 3,056,000 | 3,422,000 | 3,384,000 |
Bogotá [277] | 630,315 | 1,268,645 | 2,383,425 | 3,525,154 | 4,740,448 | 6,329,384 |
Brussels [279] | 1,415,000 | 1,485,000 | 1,568,000 | 1,654,000 | 1,695,000 | 1,783,000 |
Buenos Aires [277] | 5,166,140 | 6,761,837 | 8,416,170 | 9,919,781 | 11,147,566 | 12,503,871 |
Cairo [277] | 2,493,514 | 3,680,160 | 5,584,507 | 7,348,778 | 9,892,143 | 13,625,565 |
Caracas [280] | 694,000 | 1,316,000 | 2,060,000 | 2,575,000 | 2,767,000 | 2,864,000 |
Casablanca [281] | 625,000 | 967,000 | 1,505,000 | 2,109,000 | 2,682,000 | 3,134,000 |
Chicago [282] | 4,999,000 | 6,183,000 | 7,106,000 | 7,216,000 | 7,374,000 | 8,315,000 |
Delhi [277] | 1,369,369 | 2,282,962 | 3,530,693 | 5,587,014 | 9,384,209 | 15,691,899 |
Dhaka [277] | 335,760 | 507,920 | 1,373,718 | 3,265,663 | 6,620,697 | 10,284,947 |
Hong Kong [283] | 1,980,524 | 3,114,671 | 3,955,072 | 4,978,544 | 5,838,574 | 6,731,195 |
Istanbul [277] | 967,497 | 1,453,353 | 2,772,095 | 4,397,037 | 6,552,160 | 8,743,868 |
Jakarta [277] | 1,452,000 | 2,678,740 | 3,915,406 | 5,984,256 | 8,174,756 | 8,389,759 |
Johannesburg [284] | 911,000 | 1,148,000 | 1,443,000 | 1,555,000 | 1,879,000 | 3,046,000 |
Karachi [277] | 1,055,380 | 1,853,325 | 3,118,723 | 5,047,815 | 7,147,064 | 9,825,295 |
Kinshasa (from 1881 to 1966, Léopoldville) [277] | 201,905 | 442,853 | 1,069,714 | 2,052,874 | 3,683,274 | 6,140,419 |
Kolkata [277] | 4,604,143 | 5,910,210 | 7,329,372 | 9,100,166 | 10,974,177 | 13,097,153 |
Lagos [277] | 325,218 | 762,418 | 1,413,528 | 2,572,218 | 4,764,093 | 7,280,706 |
London [285] | 8,361,000 | 8,196,000 | 7,509,000 | 6,751,000 | 6,794,000 | 7,273,000 |
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana [277] | 4,045,514 | 6,529,638 | 8,377,684 | 9,511,568 | 10,883,429 | 11,798,345 |
Madrid [286] | 1,700,000 | 2,392,000 | 3,521,000 | 4,253,000 | 4,414,000 | 5,014,000 |
Manila [277] | 1,543,666 | 2,273,734 | 3,534,309 | 5,954,719 | 7,972,799 | 9,957,962 |
Melbourne [287] | 1,332,000 | 1,851,000 | 2,499,000 | 2,839,000 | 3,154,000 | 3,361,000 |
Mexico City [277] | 3,365,081 | 5,479,184 | 8,830,947 | 13,027,620 | 15,642,318 | 18,457,028 |
Miami [288] | 622,000 | 1,361,000 | 2,141,000 | 3,122,000 | 3,969,000 | 4,933,000 |
Milan [289] | 1,883,000 | 2,395,000 | 3,017,000 | 3,168,000 | 3,063,000 | 2,985,000 |
Montreal [290] | 1,343,000 | 2,031,000 | 2,684,000 | 2,824,000 | 3,154,000 | 3,429,000 |
Moscow [277] | 5,356,392 | 6,169,961 | 7,106,457 | 8,136,141 | 8,986,631 | 10,004,523 |
Mumbai [277] | 3,088,811 | 4,414,904 | 6,412,876 | 9,199,543 | 12,355,090 | 16,146,526 |
Munich [291] | 831,000 | 1,060,000 | 1,294,000 | 1,299,000 | 1,218,000 | 1,202,000 |
New York-Newark [277] | 12,338,471 | 14,163,521 | 16,191,179 | 15,601,401 | 16,085,600 | 17,813,372 |
Osaka [277] | 7,005,284 | 10,614,841 | 15,271,510 | 17,027,548 | 18,388,782 | 18,660,022 |
Paris [277] | 6,283,018 | 7,410,735 | 8,208,121 | 8,669,349 | 9,330,327 | 9,736,538 |
Rio de Janeiro [277] | 3,026,195 | 4,493,182 | 6,790,519 | 8,783,870 | 9,697,487 | 11,306,768 |
Rome [292] | 1,884,000 | 2,456,000 | 3,135,000 | 3,390,000 | 3,714,000 | 3,708,000 |
Saint Petersburg (from 1924 to 1991, Leningrad) [293] | 2,903,000 | 3,398,000 | 3,980,000 | 4,645,000 | 4,989,000 | 4,719,000 |
Santiago de Chile [294] | 1,322,000 | 1,980,000 | 2,647,000 | 3,721,000 | 4,616,000 | 5,658,000 |
São Paulo [277] | 2,334,038 | 3,969,759 | 7,620,490 | 12,089,454 | 14,775,840 | 17,014,078 |
Seoul [295] | 1,021,000 | 2,361,000 | 5,312,000 | 8,244,000 | 10,518,000 | 9,879,000 |
Shanghai [277] | 4,288,091 | 6,865,312 | 6,052,468 | 5,927,898 | 8,605,812 | 14,246,541 |
Singapore [296] | 1,006,701 | 1,601,079 | 2,061,831 | 2,400,729 | 3,022,209 | 4,053,602 |
Sydney [297] | 1,690,000 | 2,135,000 | 2,892,000 | 3,252,000 | 3,632,000 | 3,780,000 |
Taipei [298] | 551,000 | 880,000 | 1,406,000 | 2,247,000 | 2,737,000 | 2,642,000 |
Tehran [299] | 1,041,000 | 1,873,000 | 3,290,000 | 5,079,000 | 6,365,000 | 7,128,000 |
Tokyo [277] | 11,274,641 | 16,678,822 | 23,297,502 | 28,548,512 | 32,530,002 | 34,449,908 |
Washington, D.C. [300] | 1,298,000 | 1,823,000 | 2,488,000 | 2,777,000 | 3,376,000 | 3,949,000 |
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)