List of fascist movements by country U–Z

Last updated September 24, 2024

A list of political parties, organizations, and movements adhering to various forms of fascist ideology, part of the list of fascist movements by country.

Fascist movements, sorted by country

Overview A-F G-M N-T U-Z

Name of movement	Country of predominant operation	Came to power?	Founded post-World War II?	Active?	General affiliation	Notes
National Corps	Ukraine	No	Yes (2016)	Yes	Third Position
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists	Ukraine	No	No (1929)	No	Ukrainian Ultranationalism	Perpetrators of the genocide of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia. Had a military arm in form of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army
Patriot of Ukraine	Ukraine	No	Yes (2005)	No	Ukrainian Ultranationalism, Neo-nazism	Splinter group formed after the SNPU's rebrand into Svoboda. Was the primary movement of the Social-National Assembly. Merged into the National Corps
Right Sector	Ukraine	No	Yes (2013)	Yes	Neo-fascism, Militarism	Started as a confederation of right-wing organizations and groups during the Euromaidan until it became an official party in 2014
S14	Ukraine	No	Yes (2010)	No	Neo-fascism, Neo-nazism
Social-National Assembly	Ukraine	No	Yes (2008)	No	Ukrainian Ultranationalism, Neo-nazism	An assemblage of ultra-nationalist radical organizations built around the "Patriot of Ukraine" movement. Merged into the National Corps.
Social-National Party of Ukraine	Ukraine	No	Yes (1991)	No	Ukrainian Ultranationalism	Gave rise to Svoboda (political party)
Svoboda (political party)	Ukraine	No	Yes (1995)	Yes	Ukrainian Ultranationalism	Emerged from Social-National Party of Ukraine
Ukrainian National Assembly	Ukraine	No	Yes (1990)	No	Third Position
Ukrainian National Union	Ukraine	No	Yes (2009)	Yes	Ukrainian Ultranationalism, Neo-nazism
Blood and Honour	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1987)	Yes	Neo-Nazism	Gave rise to Combat 18
Britain First	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2011)	Yes	British fascism,^[1]^[2]^[3] Neo-fascism,^[4] Ultranationalism ^[5]
Britannica Party	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2011)	Yes	British fascism
British Democratic Party (1979)	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1979)	No	British National Party Ethnonationalism	Splinter group of the British National Front; joined British National Party in 1982
British Fascisti	United Kingdom	No	No (1923)	No	British fascism, Ultra-royalism, National conservatism, Anti-socialism	Later became British Fascists; Parent group of National Fascisti
British Movement	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1962)	No	Neo-Nazism	Formerly National Socialist Movement, but not the same as that in National Socialist Movement; parent group of Greater Britain Movement and National Socialist Action Party; liquidated 1983
British National Front	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1967)	Yes	British National Party, Ethnonationalism (under O'Brien, Kingsley Read, Anderson and Wingfield) Neo-Nazism (under Tyndall, McAuley and Tom Holmes)	Formed from British National Party (1960s); gave rise to British National Party and splinter groups British Democratic Party (1979), National Party (UK, 1976), National Democrats (UK), Constitutional Movement
British National Party (1960s)	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1962)	No	British National Party	Gave rise to British National Front; formed from National Labour Party (UK 1950s) and White Defence League; disbanded 1967
British National Party	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1982)	Yes	British fascism ^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]
British People's Party (2005)	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2005)	No	British Fascism	Member of the World Union of National Socialists
British People's Party (1939)	United Kingdom	No	No (1939)	No	independent
British Union of Fascists	United Kingdom	No	No (1932)	No	Mosleyism fascism	Gave rise to splinter groups: British Peoples Party and National Socialist League; banned 1940
Combat 18	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1991)	Yes	Neo-Nazism	Formed from Blood & Honour
Constitutional Movement	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1979)	No	British National Party Ethnonationalism	Splinter group of the British National Front; disbanded 1984
England First Party	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2004)	No	Separatism, English Nationalism, White Nationalism, Neo-Nazism	Splinter group of the British National Party; absorbed by Nationalist Alliance in 2005
Flag Group	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1980s)	No	British National Party ethnonationalism	wing of the British National Front
Greater Britain Movement	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1964)	No	Neo-Nazism	Splinter group of British Movement; dissolved 1967
Imperial Fascist League	United Kingdom	No	No (1929)	No	Italian Fascism then Nazism
League of St. George	United Kingdom	No	Yes	Yes	Neo-Nazism
National Action	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2013)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
National Democrats (UK)	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1995)	No	British National Party ethnonationalism	Splinter group of the British National Front
National Fascisti	United Kingdom	No	No (1924)	No	Italian Fascism	Splinter group of British Fascisti
National Labour Party (UK 1950s)	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1957)	No	British National Party Ethnonationalism, Corporatism	merged with White Defence League to form British National Party (1960s) in 1960; splinter group of the League of Empire Loyalists, not a fascist organization
National Party (UK, 1976)	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1976)	No	British National Party Ethnonationalism	Splinter group of the British National Front
National Socialist Action Party	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1982)	No	Neo-Nazism	Splinter group of British Movement
National Socialist League	United Kingdom	No	No (1937)	No	Nazism	splinter group of British Union of Fascists; disbanded 1939
National Socialist Movement	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1962)	No	Neo-Nazism	Founded by Colin Jordan as Nazi-admiring fascist group; military organisation; collapsed 1968 and re-formed as British Movement
National Socialist Movement	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1997)	No	Neo-Nazism	Splinter group of Combat 18
Nationalist Alliance	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2005)	No	Independent, Neo-Nazism	absorbed White Nationalist Party and England First Party in 2005
New British Union	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2012)	Yes	British Fascism
New Party	United Kingdom	No	No (1930)	No	Independent, Mosleyism	Became British Union of Fascists
November 9th Society	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1977)	Yes	Independent, Neo-Nazism
Official National Front	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1980s)	No	British National Front, Ethnonationalist	Arose from Political Soldier
Order of Nine Angles	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1960s)	Yes	Neo-Nazism	Satanic organization
Political Soldier	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1970s)	No	Independent, Romanian fascism	wing of the British National Front; left BNF to form Official National Front
Racial Preservation Society	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1965)	No	White Nationalism
Racial Volunteer Force	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2002)	Yes	Neo-Nazism	Breakaway group from Combat 18
System Resistance Network	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2017)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
The Britons	United Kingdom	No	No (1919)	No	Racial discrimination
Union Movement	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1948)	No	British Union of Fascists, Mosleyism	became Action Party in 1973; ceased political activity 1978
White Defence League	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1958)	No	Neo-Nazism	Merged with National Labour Party (UK 1950s) to form British National Party (1960s) in 1960; splinter group of the League of Empire Loyalists, not a fascist organization
White Nationalist Party	United Kingdom	No	Yes (2002)	No	British National Front, Ethnonationalism, White separatism	absorbed by Nationalist Alliance; disbanded 2005
White Wolves	United Kingdom	No	Yes (1990s?)	No	Leaderless Resistance, Neo-Nazism
All-Russian Fascist Organisation	United States	No	No (1933)	No	Fascism, Russian nationalism	Within the Russian emigrants.
American Front	United States	No	Yes (1990s)	No	Neo-Nazism
American Nazi Party	United States	No	Yes (1959)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
Anti-Communist Action	United States	No	Yes (2016)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, Ultranationalism
Aryan Brotherhood	United States	No	Yes (1967)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, Christian Identity	Possibly affiliated with Aryan Nations
Aryan Circle	United States	No	Yes (1985)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, White supremacy	Rivals of Aryan Brotherhood
Aryan Republican Army	United States	No	Yes (1992)	No	Neo-Nazism, White supremacy	terrorist gang
Aryan Nations	United States	No	Yes (1970s)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, Christian Identity
Atomwaffen Division	United States, United Kingdom, Canada	No	Yes (2015)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
The Base	United States, United Kingdom, Canada	No	Yes (2018)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, Accelerationism
The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord	United States	No	Yes (1971)	No	Neo-Nazism, Christian Identity
Falange Boricua	Puerto Rico	No	Yes	Yes	Falangism	parent organization of Movimento Nacional Sindicalista de Puerto Rico
Fascist League of North America	United States	No	No (1924)	No	Italian Fascism	organization founded by Italian Americans affiliated with Fasci all'estero of the National Fascist Party of Italy.
German-American Bund	United States	No	No (1930s)	No	Nazism	Formed from merger of National Socialist German Workers Party (US) and Free Society of Teutonia
Hammerskins	United States	No	Yes (1988)	Yes	Neo-Nazism White supremacism
Hutaree	United States	No	Yes (2009)	Yes	Independent, Apocalypticism
Identity Evropa	United States	No	Yes (2016)	No	Neo-Nazism
Kingdom Identity Ministries	United States	No	Yes	Yes	Christian Identity
Third Ku Klux Klan	United States	No	Yes (1950)	Yes	independent	Many splinter groups. After 1960s some moved toward neofascism.
LaPorte Church of Christ	United States	No	Yes	Yes	Christian Identity
Libertarian National Socialist Green Party	United States	No	Yes (1990s)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, National anarchism
Loyal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan	United States	No	Yes (2012)	Yes	independent	Separate from the KKK
Movimento Nacional Sindicalista de Puerto Rico	United States (Puerto Rico)	No	?	No	Falangism	Successor of MNSPR, (official site)
National Alliance	United States	No	Yes (1974)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
Nationalist Front	United States	No	Yes (2016)	Yes	Neo-Nazism	Loose coalition of radical right and white supremacists.
National Renaissance Party	United States	No	Yes (1949)	No	independent	disbanded by 1980
National Socialist Movement	United States	No	Yes (1974)	Yes	Neo-Nazism	Claims descent from the American Nazi Party
National Socialist League	United States	No	Yes (1974)	No	Neo-Nazism, White supremacism, Homonationalism	Founded by Russell Veh
National Socialist Liberation Front	United States	No	Yes (1974)	No	Neo-Nazism
National Socialist Party of America	United States	No	Yes (1967)	No	Neo-Nazism	splintered from the American Nazi Party; disbanded 1980
National Socialist Vanguard	United States	No	Yes (1983)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
National States' Rights Party	United States	No	Yes (1958)	No	Neo-Nazism	Led by J. B. Stoner
National Vanguard	United States	No	Yes (2005)	Yes	Neo-Nazism
New Order	United States	No	Yes (1983)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, Esoteric Nazism	Faction of American Nazi Party led by Matt Koehl
NSDAP/AO	United States	No	Yes (1972)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, Esoteric Nazism	Neo-Nazi propaganda distributor
Patriot Front	United States	No	Yes (2017)	Yes	Neo-fascism
Reichsfolk	United States	No	Yes	Yes	Neo-Nazism
Renegade Tribune	United States	No	Yes (2012)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, White nationalism, Anti-Semitism, Conspiracy theory
Silver Legion of America	United States	No	No (1933)	No	independent
Stormfront (website)	United States	No	Yes (1990)	Yes	Neo-Nazism, ethnonationalist, White Supremacist, White Separatist (mixture).	signatory of the New Orleans Protocol
The Order / Brüder Schweigen]	United States	No	Yes (1983)	No	Neo-Nazism, Wotanism	Core members imprisoned 1984
Traditionalist Worker Party	United States	No	Yes (2013)	No	Neo-Nazism, Third Position
Trumpism	United States	Yes	Yes	Yes	Fascism, Conservativism	Although it is a mainstream movement in the United States, several experts consider it to be a form of fascism.^[8]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]
Universal Order	United States	No	Yes (1982)	No	Neo-Nazism, "Mansonist"	Founded by James Mason and Charles Manson
Vanguard America	United States	No	Yes (2015)	No	Neo-Nazism, Neo-fascism
Volksfront	United States	No	Yes (1994)	No	White separatist
White Aryan Resistance	United States	No	Yes	Yes	Leaderless resistance
White Patriot Party	United States	No	Yes (1980s?)	No	Independent, Ethnonationalist
World Church of the Creator	United States	No	Yes (1973)	Yes	Neo-fascism	Religious movement
White Order of Thule	United States	No	Yes	No	Esoteric Nazism
Falange Venezolana	Venezuela	No	?	Yes	Falangism, Legionarism	official site
Nuevo Orden - NOR	Venezuela	No	Yes (1974)	No	Neo-Fascism, Pan-Americanism
ORJUNA	Yugoslavia	No	No (1922)	No	Italian Fascism	Successor of the Yugoslav Progressive Nationalist Youth
Yugoslav Progressive Nationalist Youth	Yugoslavia	No	No (1921)	No	Italian Fascism	Became Orjuna in 1922
Yugoslav Radical Union	Yugoslavia	Yes	No (1934)	No	Italian Fascism	Dissolved 1941
ZBOR	Yugoslavia	No	No (1935)	No	Independent	After the partition of Yugoslavia, ZBOR was renamed "National Movement ZBOR" and functioned on the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia

Overview A-F G-M N-T U-Z

Related Research Articles

The British National Party (BNP) is a far-right, British fascist political party in the United Kingdom. It is headquartered in Wigton, Cumbria, and is led by Adam Walker. A minor party, it has no elected representatives at any level of UK government. The party was founded in 1982, and reached its greatest level of success in the 2000s, when it had over fifty seats in local government, one seat on the London Assembly, and two Members of the European Parliament.

Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology that includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, ultraconservatism, racial supremacy, right-wing populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration sentiment, sometimes with economic liberal issues, as well as opposition to social democracy, parliamentarianism, Marxism, capitalism, communism, and socialism. As with classical fascism, it occasionally proposes a Third Position as an alternative to market capitalism.

The Third Position is a set of neo-fascist political ideologies that were first described in Western Europe following the Second World War. Developed in the context of the Cold War, it developed its name through the claim that it represented a third position between the capitalism of the Western Bloc and the communism of the Eastern Bloc.

The Nouvelle Droite, sometimes shortened to the initialism ND, is a far-right political movement which emerged in France during the late 1960s. The Nouvelle Droite is the origin of the wider European New Right (ENR). Various scholars of political science have argued that it is a form of fascism or neo-fascism, although the movement eschews these terms.

Fascist has been used as a pejorative epithet against a wide range of people, political movements, governments, and institutions since the emergence of fascism in Europe in the 1920s. Political commentators on both the Left and the Right accused their opponents of being fascists, starting in the years before World War II. In 1928, the Communist International labeled their social democratic opponents as social fascists, while the social democrats themselves as well as some parties on the political right accused the Communists of having become fascist under Joseph Stalin's leadership. In light of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, The New York Times declared on 18 September 1939 that "Hitlerism is brown communism, Stalinism is red fascism." Later, in 1944, the anti-fascist and socialist writer George Orwell commented on Tribune that fascism had been rendered almost meaningless by its common use as an insult against various people, and argued that in England the word fascist had become a synonym for bully.

The National Assembly Against Racism (NAAR) was a British anti-racist and anti-fascist group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anti-Fascist Action</span> British anti-fascist organisation

Anti-Fascist Action (AFA) was a militant anti-fascist organisation, founded in the UK in 1985 by a wide range of anti-racist and anti-fascist organisations.

Fascism has a long history in North America, with the earliest movements appearing shortly after the rise of fascism in Europe.

The English Defence League (EDL) was a far-right, Islamophobic organisation active in England from 2009 until the mid-late 2010s. A social movement and pressure group that employed street demonstrations as its main tactic, the EDL presented itself as a single-issue movement opposed to Islamism and Islamic extremism, although its rhetoric and actions targeted Islam and Muslims more widely.

British fascism is the form of fascism which is promoted by some political parties and movements in the United Kingdom. It is based on British ultranationalism and imperialism and had aspects of Italian fascism and Nazism both before and after World War II.

Post-fascism is a label that identifies political parties and movements that transition from a fascist political ideology to a more moderate and mainline form of conservatism, abandoning the totalitarian traits of fascism and taking part in constitutional politics.

Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were opposed by many countries forming the Allies of World War II and dozens of resistance movements worldwide. Anti-fascism has been an element of movements across the political spectrum and holding many different political positions such as anarchism, communism, pacifism, republicanism, social democracy, socialism and syndicalism as well as centrist, conservative, liberal and nationalist viewpoints.

Unite Against Fascism (UAF) is a British anti-fascist group.

Roger Eatwell is a British academic currently an Emeritus Professor of Politics at the University of Bath.

Far-right subcultures refers to the symbolism, ideology and traits that hold relevance to various politically extreme right-wing groups and organisations. There are three kinds of subcultures within far-right movements to distinguish: subcultural parasitism, subcultural creation around ideology and subcultures that are networking with far-right movements.

Post–World War II anti-fascism, including antifa groups, anti-fascist movements and anti-fascist action networks, saw the development of political movements describing themselves as anti-fascist and in opposition to fascism. Those movements have been active in several countries in the aftermath of World War II during the second half of the 20th and early 21st century.

Opposition to the English Defence League consists of actions taken against the English Defence League, a far-right, Islamophobic organisation in the United Kingdom.

References

↑ Bienkov, Adam (19 June 2014). "Britain First: The violent new face of British fascism". Politics.co.uk. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
↑ Foxton, Willard (4 November 2014). "The loathsome Britain First are trying to hijack the poppy – don't let them". The Telegraph . Archived from the original on 5 November 2014.
↑ Sabin, Lamiat (25 October 2014). "'Fascist' group Britain First to start 'direct action' on Mail and Sun journalists over Lynda Bellingham post". The Independent .
↑ "Trump attacks UK PM over criticism of far right support". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-04-16. Brian Klass, an academic at the London School of Economics, wrote: "Here in the UK, Britain First is (correctly) seen as a neo-Fascist hate group".
↑ Cassidy, John (16 June 2016). "Murder of British M.P. heightens uncertainty over Brexit vote". The New Yorker . Archived from the original on 28 April 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
↑ Renton, David (1 March 2005). "'A day to make history'? The 2004 elections and the British National Party". Patterns of Prejudice. 1 (39): 25. doi:10.1080/00313220500045170. S2CID 144972650.
↑ Copsey, Nigel (2007). "Changing course or changing clothes? Reflections on the ideological evolution of the British National Party 1999–2006". Patterns of Prejudice. 41 (1): 61–82. doi:10.1080/00313220601118777. S2CID 145737620.
1 2 Copsey, Nigel (2004). Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and its Quest for Legitimacy. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4039-0214-6.
↑ Wood, C; Finlay, W. M. L. (December 2008). "British National Party representations of Muslims in the month after the London bombings: Homogeneity, threat, and the conspiracy tradition". British Journal of Social Psychology. 47 (4): 707–26. doi:10.1348/014466607X264103. PMID 18070375.
↑ "Noam Chomsky: Trump Has Revealed the Extreme Fragility of American Democracy". Global Policy Journal. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
↑ Rich, Benjamin. "Democrats Need to Wake Up: The Trump Movement Is Shot Through With Fascism". The Intercept. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
↑ Matthews, Dylan (2021-01-14). "The F Word: Is Donald Trump a fascist?". Vox. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
↑ "I've Hesitated to Call Donald Trump a Fascist. Until Now". Newsweek. 2021-01-11. Retrieved 2022-12-20.

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[Bienkov-1] Bienkov, Adam (19 June 2014). "Britain First: The violent new face of British fascism". Politics.co.uk. Retrieved 20 January 2017.

[Telegraph.co.uk-2] Foxton, Willard (4 November 2014). "The loathsome Britain First are trying to hijack the poppy – don't let them". The Telegraph . Archived from the original on 5 November 2014.

[Lamiat_Sabin-3] Sabin, Lamiat (25 October 2014). "'Fascist' group Britain First to start 'direct action' on Mail and Sun journalists over Lynda Bellingham post". The Independent .

[4] "Trump attacks UK PM over criticism of far right support". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-04-16. Brian Klass, an academic at the London School of Economics, wrote: "Here in the UK, Britain First is (correctly) seen as a neo-Fascist hate group".

[Cassidy-5] Cassidy, John (16 June 2016). "Murder of British M.P. heightens uncertainty over Brexit vote". The New Yorker . Archived from the original on 28 April 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.

[bnpelection2004-6] Renton, David (1 March 2005). "'A day to make history'? The 2004 elections and the British National Party". Patterns of Prejudice. 1 (39): 25. doi:10.1080/00313220500045170. S2CID 144972650.

[informaworld.com-7] Copsey, Nigel (2007). "Changing course or changing clothes? Reflections on the ideological evolution of the British National Party 1999–2006". Patterns of Prejudice. 41 (1): 61–82. doi:10.1080/00313220601118777. S2CID 145737620.

[:0-8] 1 2 Copsey, Nigel (2004). Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and its Quest for Legitimacy. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4039-0214-6.

[bnplondonbomb-9] Wood, C; Finlay, W. M. L. (December 2008). "British National Party representations of Muslims in the month after the London bombings: Homogeneity, threat, and the conspiracy tradition". British Journal of Social Psychology. 47 (4): 707–26. doi:10.1348/014466607X264103. PMID 18070375.

[10] "Noam Chomsky: Trump Has Revealed the Extreme Fragility of American Democracy". Global Policy Journal. Retrieved 2022-12-20.

[11] Rich, Benjamin. "Democrats Need to Wake Up: The Trump Movement Is Shot Through With Fascism". The Intercept. Retrieved 2022-12-20.

[12] Matthews, Dylan (2021-01-14). "The F Word: Is Donald Trump a fascist?". Vox. Retrieved 2022-12-20.

[13] "I've Hesitated to Call Donald Trump a Fascist. Until Now". Newsweek. 2021-01-11. Retrieved 2022-12-20.

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