List of fascist movements by country U–Z

Last updated

A list of political parties, organizations, and movements adhering to various forms of fascist ideology, part of the list of fascist movements by country.

Fascist movements, sorted by country

Overview A-F G-M N-T U-Z

LogoName of movementCountry of predominant operationCame to power?Founded post-World War II?Active?General affiliationFlagNotes
National Corps logo.svg National Corps UkraineNoYes (2016)Yes Third Position Flag of National Corps.svg
OUN-B-01.svg Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists-M.svg Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists UkraineNoNo (1929)NoUkrainian Ultranationalism Flag of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.svg OUN-M-03.svg Perpetrators of the genocide of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia. Had a military arm in form of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army
Ideia Natsiyi.svg Patriot of Ukraine UkraineNoYes (2005)NoUkrainian Ultranationalism, Neo-nazism Flag of the Patriots of Ukraine.svg Splinter group formed after the SNPU's rebrand into Svoboda. Was the primary movement of the Social-National Assembly. Merged into the National Corps
Logo of Right Sector.svg Right Sector UkraineNoYes (2013)YesNeo-fascism, Militarism Flag of Right Sector.svg Started as a confederation of right-wing organizations and groups during the Euromaidan until it became an official party in 2014
S14 UkraineNoYes (2010)NoNeo-fascism, Neo-nazism
Social national assembly logo.jpg Social-National Assembly UkraineNoYes (2008)NoUkrainian Ultranationalism, Neo-nazism Flag of the Patriots of Ukraine.svg An assemblage of ultra-nationalist radical organizations built around the "Patriot of Ukraine" movement. Merged into the National Corps.
Ideia Natsiyi.svg Social-National Party of Ukraine UkraineNoYes (1991)NoUkrainian Ultranationalism Flag of the Patriots of Ukraine.svg Gave rise to Svoboda (political party)
Logo of the All-Ukrainian Union "Freedom".svg Svoboda (political party) UkraineNoYes (1995)YesUkrainian Ultranationalism Flag of Svoboda.svg Emerged from Social-National Party of Ukraine
UNSO-emblem.svg Ukrainian National Assembly UkraineNoYes (1990)No Third Position Flag of UNA-UNSO.svg
Ukrainian National Union UkraineNoYes (2009)YesUkrainian Ultranationalism, Neo-nazism Flag of Ukrainian National Union.svg
Blood and Honour United KingdomNoYes (1987)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of the Afrikaner-Weerstandsbeweging.svg Gave rise to Combat 18
Britain First United KingdomNoYes (2011)Yes British fascism, [1] [2] [3] Neo-fascism, [4] Ultranationalism [5] Flag of Britain First.jpg
Britannica Party United KingdomNoYes (2011)YesBritish fascism Britannica Party.jpg
British Democratic Party (1979) United KingdomNoYes (1979)No British National Party EthnonationalismSplinter group of the British National Front; joined British National Party in 1982
Emblem of the British Fascists.svg British Fascisti United KingdomNoNo (1923)No British fascism, Ultra-royalism, National conservatism, Anti-socialism Flag of the British Fascists.svg Later became British Fascists; Parent group of National Fascisti
British Movement Emblem.svg British Movement United KingdomNoYes (1962)NoNeo-Nazism Flag of the British Movement.svg Formerly National Socialist Movement, but not the same as that in National Socialist Movement; parent group of Greater Britain Movement and National Socialist Action Party; liquidated 1983
British National Front.png British National Front United KingdomNoYes (1967)Yes British National Party, Ethnonationalism (under O'Brien, Kingsley Read, Anderson and Wingfield) Neo-Nazism (under Tyndall, McAuley and Tom Holmes) NF Flag (Red Variant).svg
National Front flag (Union Jack Variant).svg
NF Flag (Black Variant).svg
Formed from British National Party (1960s); gave rise to British National Party and splinter groups British Democratic Party (1979), National Party (UK, 1976), National Democrats (UK), Constitutional Movement
British National Party (1960s) United KingdomNoYes (1962)No British National Party Gave rise to British National Front; formed from National Labour Party (UK 1950s) and White Defence League; disbanded 1967
British National Party United KingdomNoYes (1982)Yes British fascism [6] [7] [8] [9] Flag of the British National Party.svg
Flag of the British National Party (alternative).svg
British People's Party (2005) United KingdomNoYes (2005)NoBritish Fascism Flag of the British People's Party (2005).svg Member of the World Union of National Socialists
British People's Party (1939) United KingdomNoNo (1939)Noindependent
Flash and circle.svg British Union of Fascists United KingdomNoNo (1932)No Mosleyism fascism Flag of the British Union of Fascists (original).svg Flag of the British Union of Fascists (alternate).svg Flag of the British Union of Fascists.svg Gave rise to splinter groups: British Peoples Party and National Socialist League; banned 1940
SS-Totenkopf.svg Combat 18 United KingdomNoYes (1991)YesNeo-Nazism SS Totenkopf Fahne.svg Formed from Blood & Honour
Constitutional Movement United KingdomNoYes (1979)No British National Party EthnonationalismSplinter group of the British National Front; disbanded 1984
England First Party United KingdomNoYes (2004)NoSeparatism, English Nationalism, White Nationalism, Neo-NazismSplinter group of the British National Party; absorbed by Nationalist Alliance in 2005
Flag Group United KingdomNoYes (1980s)No British National Party ethnonationalismwing of the British National Front
Greater Britain Movement United KingdomNoYes (1964)NoNeo-NazismSplinter group of British Movement; dissolved 1967
Emblem of the Imperial Fascist League.svg Imperial Fascist League United KingdomNoNo (1929)NoItalian Fascism then Nazism Flag of the Imperial Fascist League.svg
League of Saint George emblem.svg League of St. George United KingdomNoYesYesNeo-Nazism
National Action.svg National Action United KingdomNoYes (2013)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of National Action.svg
National Democrats (UK) United KingdomNoYes (1995)No British National Party ethnonationalismSplinter group of the British National Front
National Fascisti United KingdomNoNo (1924)NoItalian FascismSplinter group of British Fascisti
National Labour Party (UK 1950s) United KingdomNoYes (1957)No British National Party Ethnonationalism, Corporatismmerged with White Defence League to form British National Party (1960s) in 1960; splinter group of the League of Empire Loyalists, not a fascist organization
National Party (UK, 1976) United KingdomNoYes (1976)No British National Party EthnonationalismSplinter group of the British National Front
National Socialist Action Party United KingdomNoYes (1982)NoNeo-NazismSplinter group of British Movement
Emblem of the National Socialist League.svg National Socialist League United KingdomNoNo (1937)NoNazismsplinter group of British Union of Fascists; disbanded 1939
National Socialist Movement United KingdomNoYes (1962)NoNeo-Nazism Flag of the National Socialist Movement (United Kingdom).svg Founded by Colin Jordan as Nazi-admiring fascist group; military organisation; collapsed 1968 and re-formed as British Movement
National Socialist Movement United KingdomNoYes (1997)NoNeo-Nazism Flag of the National Socialist Movement (United Kingdom, 1997).svg Splinter group of Combat 18
Nationalist Alliance United KingdomNoYes (2005)NoIndependent, Neo-Nazismabsorbed White Nationalist Party and England First Party in 2005
New British Union United KingdomNoYes (2012)YesBritish Fascism
New Party United KingdomNoNo (1930)NoIndependent, MosleyismBecame British Union of Fascists
November 9th Society United KingdomNoYes (1977)YesIndependent, Neo-Nazism Flag of the November 9th Society.svg
Official National Front United KingdomNoYes (1980s)No British National Front, EthnonationalistArose from Political Soldier
Ona.svg Order of Nine Angles United KingdomNoYes (1960s)YesNeo-Nazism Satanic organization
Political Soldier United KingdomNoYes (1970s)NoIndependent, Romanian fascismwing of the British National Front; left BNF to form Official National Front
Racial Preservation Society United KingdomNoYes (1965)NoWhite Nationalism
Racial Volunteer Force United KingdomNoYes (2002)YesNeo-NazismBreakaway group from Combat 18
System Resistance Network United KingdomNoYes (2017)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of the System Resistance Network.svg
The Britons United KingdomNoNo (1919)No Racial discrimination
Union Movement United KingdomNoYes (1948)No British Union of Fascists, Mosleyism Flag of the British Union of Fascists.svg became Action Party in 1973; ceased political activity 1978
Emblem of the White Defence League.png White Defence League United KingdomNoYes (1958)NoNeo-Nazism Flag of White Defense League.jpg Merged with National Labour Party (UK 1950s) to form British National Party (1960s) in 1960; splinter group of the League of Empire Loyalists, not a fascist organization
White Nationalist Party United KingdomNoYes (2002)No British National Front, Ethnonationalism, White separatism absorbed by Nationalist Alliance; disbanded 2005
White Wolves United KingdomNoYes (1990s?)NoLeaderless Resistance, Neo-Nazism
Logo of the All-Russian Fascist Organisation.svg All-Russian Fascist Organisation United StatesNoNo (1933)NoFascism, Russian nationalism Within the Russian emigrants.
American Front hate group symbol.svg American Front United StatesNoYes (1990s)NoNeo-Nazism Flag of American Front.svg
Logo of the American Nazi Party.png American Nazi Party United StatesNoYes (1959)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of the American Nazi Party (1960s-2015).svg
Anticom official logo.png Anti-Communist Action United StatesNoYes (2016)YesNeo-Nazism, Ultranationalism Flag of Anti-Communist Action 1.svg
Flag of Anti-Communist Action 2.svg
Aryan Brotherhood hate symbol.svg Aryan Brotherhood United StatesNoYes (1967)YesNeo-Nazism, Christian IdentityPossibly affiliated with Aryan Nations
Aryan Circle United StatesNoYes (1985)YesNeo-Nazism, White supremacyRivals of Aryan Brotherhood
Aryan Republican Army United StatesNoYes (1992)NoNeo-Nazism, White supremacyterrorist gang
Logo of Aryan Nations.svg Aryan Nations United StatesNoYes (1970s)YesNeo-Nazism, Christian Identity Flag of Aryan Nations.svg
Flag of Aryan Nations (alternative).svg
Flag of Aryan Nations (alternative 2).svg

Atomwaffen Division logo.svg Atomwaffen Division United States, United Kingdom, CanadaNoYes (2015)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of Atomwaffen Division.svg
The Base United States, United Kingdom, CanadaNoYes (2018)YesNeo-Nazism, Accelerationism Flag of The Base.svg
USAREUR Insignia.svg The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord United StatesNoYes (1971)NoNeo-Nazism, Christian Identity
Falange Boricua Puerto RicoNoYesYesFalangismparent organization of Movimento Nacional Sindicalista de Puerto Rico
Fascist League of North America United StatesNoNo (1924)NoItalian Fascismorganization founded by Italian Americans affiliated with Fasci all'estero of the National Fascist Party of Italy.
German-American Bund United StatesNoNo (1930s)NoNazism Flag of German American Bund.svg Formed from merger of National Socialist German Workers Party (US) and Free Society of Teutonia
Hammerskins HFFH.png Hammerskins United StatesNoYes (1988)YesNeo-Nazism

White supremacism


Hutaree United StatesNoYes (2009)YesIndependent, Apocalypticism Flag of Hutaree.svg
IdentityEvropa.svg Identity Evropa United StatesNoYes (2016)NoNeo-Nazism Flag of Identity Evropa.svg
Kingdom Identity Ministries United StatesNoYesYesChristian Identity
Emblem of the Ku Klux Klan.svg Third Ku Klux Klan United StatesNoYes (1950)Yesindependent Flag of the Ku Klux Klan.svg
KKK-Flag (variant).svg
Many splinter groups. After 1960s some moved toward neofascism.
LaPorte Church of Christ United StatesNoYesYesChristian Identity
Libertarian National Socialist Green PartyUnited StatesNoYes (1990s)YesNeo-Nazism, National anarchism
Loyal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan United StatesNoYes (2012)Yesindependent Flag of Loyal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.svg Separate from the KKK
Movimento Nacional Sindicalista de Puerto Rico United States (Puerto Rico)No?NoFalangismSuccessor of MNSPR, (official site)
National Alliance United StatesNoYes (1974)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of National Alliance 01.svg
Flag of National Alliance 02.svg

Nationalist Front (United States) Logo.png Nationalist Front United StatesNoYes (2016)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of National Front.svg Loose coalition of radical right and white supremacists.
National Renaissance Party Logo1.svg National Renaissance Party United StatesNoYes (1949)Noindependent Flag of the National Renaissance Party.svg disbanded by 1980
Blason du National Socialist Movement usa.svg National Socialist Movement United StatesNoYes (1974)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of National Socialist Movement (United States).svg
Flag of National Socialist Movement (United States) (2016).svg
Claims descent from the American Nazi Party
Parteiadler Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (1933-1945).svg National Socialist League United StatesNoYes (1974)NoNeo-Nazism, White supremacism, Homonationalism Founded by Russell Veh
NSLF.png National Socialist Liberation Front United StatesNoYes (1974)NoNeo-Nazism
National Socialist Party of America United StatesNoYes (1967)NoNeo-Nazismsplintered from the American Nazi Party; disbanded 1980
National Socialist Vanguard United StatesNoYes (1983)YesNeo-Nazism
National States' Rights Party United StatesNoYes (1958)NoNeo-Nazism National States' Rights Party Flag.svg Led by J. B. Stoner
National Vanguard United StatesNoYes (2005)YesNeo-Nazism Flag of National Vanguard 02.svg
Flag of National Vanguard (variant).svg
New Order United StatesNoYes (1983)YesNeo-Nazism, Esoteric Nazism Flag of New Order.svg Faction of American Nazi Party led by Matt Koehl
NSDAP/AO United StatesNoYes (1972)YesNeo-Nazism, Esoteric Nazism Neo-Nazi propaganda distributor
Patriot Front Logo.png Patriot Front United StatesNoYes (2017)Yes Neo-fascism Flag of Patriot Front.svg
Patriot Front Flag 2.svg
ReichsfolkUnited StatesNoYesYesNeo-Nazism
Renegade Tribune United StatesNoYes (2012)YesNeo-Nazism, White nationalism, Anti-Semitism, Conspiracy theory
Silver Legion of America.svg Silver Legion of America United StatesNoNo (1933)Noindependent Silver Legion of America flag.svg
White Pride World Wide - Stormfront hate symbol.svg Stormfront (website) United StatesNoYes (1990)YesNeo-Nazism, ethnonationalist, White Supremacist, White Separatist (mixture).signatory of the New Orleans Protocol
The Order / Brüder Schweigen]United StatesNoYes (1983)NoNeo-Nazism, Wotanism Core members imprisoned 1984
Traditionalist Worker Party United StatesNoYes (2013)NoNeo-Nazism, Third Position Flag of the Traditionalist Worker Party.svg
Flag of the Traditionalist Worker Party (alternative 1).svg
Flag of the Traditionalist Worker Party (alternative 2).svg
Trump 2016.svg Trumpism United StatesYesYesYesFascism, Conservativism Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the President of the United States.svg
Although it is a mainstream movement in the United States, several experts consider it to be a form of fascism. [8] [10] [11] [12] [13]
Universal Order.svg Universal Order United StatesNoYes (1982)NoNeo-Nazism, "Mansonist"Founded by James Mason and Charles Manson
Vanguard America United StatesNoYes (2015)NoNeo-Nazism, Neo-fascism
Flag of Vanguard America (alternative 01).svg
Volksfront United StatesNoYes (1994)NoWhite separatist Volksfront Flag.svg
White Aryan Resistance United StatesNoYesYes Leaderless resistance
White Patriot Party United StatesNoYes (1980s?)NoIndependent, Ethnonationalist
Creator logo black.jpg World Church of the Creator United StatesNoYes (1973)YesNeo-fascismReligious movement
White Order of Thule United StatesNoYesNoEsoteric Nazism

Falange Venezolana VenezuelaNo?YesFalangism, Legionarism official site
Nuevo Orden logo.svg Nuevo Orden - NOR VenezuelaNoYes (1974)NoNeo-Fascism, Pan-Americanism
ORJUNA logo.svg ORJUNA YugoslaviaNoNo (1922)NoItalian FascismSuccessor of the Yugoslav Progressive Nationalist Youth
Yugoslav Progressive Nationalist Youth YugoslaviaNoNo (1921)NoItalian FascismBecame Orjuna in 1922
Emblem of the Yugoslav Radical Union (JRZ).svg Yugoslav Radical Union YugoslaviaYesNo (1934)NoItalian FascismDissolved 1941
Logo of Yugoslav National Movement.svg ZBOR YugoslaviaNoNo (1935)NoIndependent Flag of Yugoslav National Movement.svg After the partition of Yugoslavia, ZBOR was renamed "National Movement ZBOR" and functioned on the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia

Overview A-F G-M N-T U-Z

Related Research Articles

The British National Party (BNP) is a far-right, British fascist political party in the United Kingdom. It is headquartered in Wigton, Cumbria, and is led by Adam Walker. A minor party, it has no elected representatives at any level of UK government. The party was founded in 1982, and reached its greatest level of success in the 2000s, when it had over fifty seats in local government, one seat on the London Assembly, and two Members of the European Parliament.

Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology that includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, ultraconservatism, racial supremacy, right-wing populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration sentiment, sometimes with economic liberal issues, as well as opposition to social democracy, parliamentarianism, Marxism, capitalism, communism, and socialism. As with classical fascism, it occasionally proposes a Third Position as an alternative to market capitalism.

The Third Position is a set of neo-fascist political ideologies that were first described in Western Europe following the Second World War. Developed in the context of the Cold War, it developed its name through the claim that it represented a third position between the capitalism of the Western Bloc and the communism of the Eastern Bloc.

<i>Nouvelle Droite</i> French far-right political movement emerging in the 1960s

The Nouvelle Droite, sometimes shortened to the initialism ND, is a far-right political movement which emerged in France during the late 1960s. The Nouvelle Droite is the origin of the wider European New Right (ENR). Various scholars of political science have argued that it is a form of fascism or neo-fascism, although the movement eschews these terms.

Fascist has been used as a pejorative epithet against a wide range of people, political movements, governments, and institutions since the emergence of fascism in Europe in the 1920s. Political commentators on both the Left and the Right accused their opponents of being fascists, starting in the years before World War II. In 1928, the Communist International labeled their social democratic opponents as social fascists, while the social democrats themselves as well as some parties on the political right accused the Communists of having become fascist under Joseph Stalin's leadership. In light of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, The New York Times declared on 18 September 1939 that "Hitlerism is brown communism, Stalinism is red fascism." Later, in 1944, the anti-fascist and socialist writer George Orwell commented on Tribune that fascism had been rendered almost meaningless by its common use as an insult against various people, and argued that in England the word fascist had become a synonym for bully.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anti-Fascist Action</span> British anti-fascist organisation

Anti-Fascist Action (AFA) was a militant anti-fascist organisation, founded in the UK in 1985 by a wide range of anti-racist and anti-fascist organisations.

Fascism has a long history in North America, with the earliest movements appearing shortly after the rise of fascism in Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">English Defence League</span> Far-right political movement in England

The English Defence League (EDL) was a far-right, Islamophobic organisation active in England from 2009 until the mid-late 2010s. A social movement and pressure group that employed street demonstrations as its main tactic, the EDL presented itself as a single-issue movement opposed to Islamism and Islamic extremism, although its rhetoric and actions targeted Islam and Muslims more widely.

British fascism is the form of fascism which is promoted by some political parties and movements in the United Kingdom. It is based on British ultranationalism and imperialism and had aspects of Italian fascism and Nazism both before and after World War II.

Post-fascism is a label that identifies political parties and movements that transition from a fascist political ideology to a more moderate and mainline form of conservatism, abandoning the totalitarian traits of fascism and taking part in constitutional politics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anti-fascism</span> Opposition to fascism

Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were opposed by many countries forming the Allies of World War II and dozens of resistance movements worldwide. Anti-fascism has been an element of movements across the political spectrum and holding many different political positions such as anarchism, communism, pacifism, republicanism, social democracy, socialism and syndicalism as well as centrist, conservative, liberal and nationalist viewpoints.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Unite Against Fascism</span> British anti-fascist group

Unite Against Fascism (UAF) is a British anti-fascist group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roger Eatwell</span> British academic

Roger Eatwell is a British academic currently an Emeritus Professor of Politics at the University of Bath.

Far-right subcultures refers to the symbolism, ideology and traits that hold relevance to various politically extreme right-wing groups and organisations. There are three kinds of subcultures within far-right movements to distinguish: subcultural parasitism, subcultural creation around ideology and subcultures that are networking with far-right movements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Post–World War II anti-fascism</span>

Post–World War II anti-fascism, including antifa groups, anti-fascist movements and anti-fascist action networks, saw the development of political movements describing themselves as anti-fascist and in opposition to fascism. Those movements have been active in several countries in the aftermath of World War II during the second half of the 20th and early 21st century.

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Opposition to the English Defence League consists of actions taken against the English Defence League, a far-right, Islamophobic organisation in the United Kingdom.

References

  1. Bienkov, Adam (19 June 2014). "Britain First: The violent new face of British fascism". Politics.co.uk. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  2. Foxton, Willard (4 November 2014). "The loathsome Britain First are trying to hijack the poppy – don't let them". The Telegraph . Archived from the original on 5 November 2014.
  3. Sabin, Lamiat (25 October 2014). "'Fascist' group Britain First to start 'direct action' on Mail and Sun journalists over Lynda Bellingham post". The Independent .
  4. "Trump attacks UK PM over criticism of far right support". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-04-16. Brian Klass, an academic at the London School of Economics, wrote: "Here in the UK, Britain First is (correctly) seen as a neo-Fascist hate group".
  5. Cassidy, John (16 June 2016). "Murder of British M.P. heightens uncertainty over Brexit vote". The New Yorker . Archived from the original on 28 April 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  6. Renton, David (1 March 2005). "'A day to make history'? The 2004 elections and the British National Party". Patterns of Prejudice. 1 (39): 25. doi:10.1080/00313220500045170. S2CID   144972650.
  7. Copsey, Nigel (2007). "Changing course or changing clothes? Reflections on the ideological evolution of the British National Party 1999–2006". Patterns of Prejudice. 41 (1): 61–82. doi:10.1080/00313220601118777. S2CID   145737620.
  8. 1 2 Copsey, Nigel (2004). Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and its Quest for Legitimacy. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN   978-1-4039-0214-6.
  9. Wood, C; Finlay, W. M. L. (December 2008). "British National Party representations of Muslims in the month after the London bombings: Homogeneity, threat, and the conspiracy tradition". British Journal of Social Psychology. 47 (4): 707–26. doi:10.1348/014466607X264103. PMID   18070375.
  10. "Noam Chomsky: Trump Has Revealed the Extreme Fragility of American Democracy". Global Policy Journal. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  11. Rich, Benjamin. "Democrats Need to Wake Up: The Trump Movement Is Shot Through With Fascism". The Intercept. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  12. Matthews, Dylan (2021-01-14). "The F Word: Is Donald Trump a fascist?". Vox. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  13. "I've Hesitated to Call Donald Trump a Fascist. Until Now". Newsweek. 2021-01-11. Retrieved 2022-12-20.