Paramanu

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Paramanu is a technical term in Hinduism. It is defined as the smallest and indivisible particle of matter. In Hindi and Bengali language paramanu refers to the atom. [1]

In Jainism it is one of the two types of Pudgala (matter), the other being Skandha. [2] [3] It also helps to define smallest measure of space. All the Parmanus occupy exactly same amount of space. The measure of the space occupied by one Parmanu is called Pradesha.[ citation needed ]


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Tanmatras are rudimentary, undifferentiated, subtle elements from which gross elements are produced. There are five sense perceptions – hearing, touch, sight, taste and smell – and there are five tanmatras corresponding to those five sense perceptions and the five sense-organs. The tanmatras combine and re-combine in different ways to produce the gross elements – ether, air, fire, water, and earth – which make up the gross universe perceived by the senses. The senses come into contact with the objects and carry impressions of them to the manas (mind), which receives and arranges them into precepts.

Skandha (Sanskrit) means "heaps, aggregates, collections, groupings". In the religion of Jainism, Skandha is a combination of Paramanus. In contrast to Buddhism that allows aggregates of non-matters, Jainism allows only aggregation between matter. Jainism doesn't include the last four types of aggregates of Buddhism because those phenomena are explained in Jainism by the groupings between matter and Atman. A grouping between matter and Atman is not considered a Skandha but is considered a Bandha (bondage).

References

  1. "Legends of Science: Kanada – Discoverer of the Atom". 18 February 2021.
  2. (WebMaster), Pandit Gopaldasji Baraiya, Rajesh Shah. "Principles of Jainism (Laghu Jain Siddhant Praveshika) in a concise form". www.atmadharma.com.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. Glasenapp, Helmuth von (4 September 1999). Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN   9788120813762 via Google Books.