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The Magnavox Odyssey 2, also known as Philips Odyssey 2, is a second generation home video game console that was released in 1978. It was sold in Europe as the Philips Videopac G7000, in Brazil and Peru as the Philips Odyssey and in Japan as Odyssey2. The Odyssey 2 was one of the five major home consoles prior to the 1983 video game market crash, along with Atari 2600, Atari 5200, Intellivision and ColecoVision.
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The Magnavox Odyssey is the first commercial home video game console. The hardware was designed by a small team led by Ralph H. Baer at Sanders Associates, while Magnavox completed development and released it in the United States in September 1972 and overseas the following year. The Odyssey consists of a white, black, and brown box that connects to a television set, and two rectangular controllers attached by wires. It is capable of displaying three square dots and one line of varying height on the screen in monochrome black and white, with differing behavior for the dots depending on the game played. Players place plastic overlays on the screen to display additional visual elements for each game, and one or two players for each game control their dots with the knobs and buttons on the controller by the rules given for the game. The console cannot generate audio or track scores. The Odyssey console came packaged with dice, paper money, and other board game paraphernalia to accompany the games, while a peripheral controller—the first video game light gun—was sold separately.
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Magnavox Odyssey is the general brand name of Magnavox's complete line of home video game consoles released from 1972 through 1978. The line includes the original Magnavox Odyssey console, the Magnavox Odyssey series of dedicated home video game consoles, and the Magnavox Odyssey 2 ROM cartridge-based video game console released in 1978. Philips Odyssey is the brand name that includes the Philips Odyssey series of dedicated home video game consoles.
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Albert Lindsey Zobrist is an American computer scientist, games researcher, and inventor of the famous Zobrist Hashing, which was published in 1970. He is further author of the first Go program in 1968 as part of his PhD Thesis on pattern recognition at the Computer Science Department of the University of Wisconsin.
The 1970s was the first decade in the history of the video game industry. The 1970s saw the development of some of the earliest video games, chiefly in the arcade game industry, but also several for the earliest video game consoles and personal computers.
References
- ↑ "BIG HISTORY OF THE ARCADE". 7 June 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-06-07.
- ↑ Baer, Ralph H. (2005). Videogames: In the Beginning. Rolenta Press. pp. 57–58. ISBN 978-0-9643848-1-1.
- ↑ Adel'son-Vel'skii; Aralazarov; Bitman; Uskov (1970). "Programming a computer to play chess". Russian Mathematical Surveys. 25 (2): 221–262.
- ↑ Kozdrowicki, Edward; Cooper, Dennis (July 1973). "COKO III: The Cooper-Koz Chess Program". Communications of the ACM. 16 (7): 411–427.
- ↑ "Awit Wita Readme".
- ↑ "ACM COMPUTER CHESS by Bill Wall". ed-thelen.org.
- ↑ "myBitBox » Highnoon".
- ↑ Unknown (1970). "Ex-champion rallies, loses on points". Data Processing News. IBM.
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