Video games in the Netherlands

Last updated

The Netherlands' mainstream video games market, not taking into consideration the serious and casual games, is the sixth largest in Europe. In 2008, the Dutch market took up 3.95% of the entire European market in total sales and 4.19% in software sales. [1]

Contents

A significant part of the Netherlands' gaming industry is in serious games, in which Dutch companies make a significant part of the worldwide industry. [2] [3]

In the Netherlands, an estimated of 4,000 people are working in the games industry, at more than 600 companies. [4] Over 45 of the companies are located in the Dutch Game Garden, a government subsidized organization with the aim of promoting and improving the video games industry in the Netherlands.

Consumer availability

In 2007, the Dutch game industry surpassed the Dutch film industry for the first time in history. The growth of the games industry in the Netherlands is about 50% higher than any other industry in the Netherlands' region.

Despite the global financial crisis of 2008–2009, the situation of video gaming in the Netherlands is not all that bad. Both publishers and retailers report that the crisis has certainly not caused a drop in sales, while at times, sales have even improved. [5]

History

Although the first generation of video games were obtained by a select few, video games became first available during the second generation of video games, when a select few Dutch electronic stores carried the earlier systems. With the third generation, more stores started carrying video game related products, a trend that has been setting through ever since.[ citation needed ]

In the early '90s, independent video game stores first started to open in the Netherlands, with a fast expansion in the early 2000s. Since 2004, video games have gotten more important for general stores however, which has led to the closing of a number of game stores, and a merger of others.[ citation needed ]

Currently, there are about 1,200 stores, of which about 75 independent, in the Netherlands that carry video games and related items, and numerous online stores.

Distribution

Distribution of games on physical media in the Netherlands is usually done by publishers or major distributors such as Micromedia BV in Nijmegen that cover the entire Benelux, although most of the publishers' offices are located in the Netherlands, and only a few have offices in Belgium. Since not every publisher has a separate office for the Benelux, certain publishers take care of multiple labels, including those of other publishers.

The Netherlands also has several publishers for games through digital distribution, such as via web portals and mobile platforms like the App Store and Google Play.

Netherlands in video games

The Netherlands is not often used as a setting for video games, other than certain Dutch games such as A2 Racer , AmsterDoom (NL wiki) and Efteling Tycoon . Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, was planned to be a featured city in The Getaway 3 , before its development was cancelled. The first internationally successful game to use the Netherlands as a setting is Hitman: Codename 47 , which has a level set in Rotterdam. Resistance: Retribution also featured a level in Rotterdam. During World War II, the Netherlands was the location of Operation Market Garden, a much-used setting for World War II games. The game Brothers in Arms: Hell's Highway focusses entirely on Operation Market Garden and accurately depicts the Dutch towns and landscape along the operation's route.

In games such as the FIFA football games and Olympic video games, teams or players from the Netherlands are featured. The TT Circuit Assen is by fans considered "The Cathedral" of motorcycling, with the Dutch TT being one of the biggest events in motorbike racing. As such, the track is featured in many of the motorcycling racing games. Circuit Park Zandvoort is a Formula One racing track. The track has been featured in its old Formula One-layout in the game Grand Prix Legends , and more recently in its current layout in TOCA Race Driver , TOCA Race Driver 2 , Race 07 and rFactor 2 .

Recently Mario Kart Tour added an Amsterdam tour track to its roster. [6]

Video game development

Game developers from the Netherlands

CompanyLocationFoundedType
Witan Entertainment Haarlem 1992entertainment, casual, serious, mobile games
Engine Software Doetinchem 1995entertainment, handheld, mobile games
Elements Interactive Almere 1996mobile games, software and websites
IJsfontein Amsterdam 1997serious games
Triumph Studios Delft 1997core games
GamePoint B.V. The Hague 1998online casino games
MAD Multimedia Groningen 1998serious games
Khaeon The Hague 1999core games
Nixxes Software Utrecht 1999video game conversions and software
RANJ Rotterdam 1999serious games
Bright Alley Utrecht 2000serious games and gamification
Codeglue Rotterdam 2000core games
E-Semble bv Delft 2000serious games
Guerrilla Games Amsterdam 2000core games
NotTheFly Mobile Entertainment Venlo 2000mobile games
Two Tribes Harderwijk 2000core games
LittleChicken Amsterdam 2001Core games
Monkeybizniz Utrecht 2001serious games
Grendel Games Leeuwarden 2002core- and serious games
Pixel Pixies Leeuwarden 2002serious games
Trade Games International The Hague 2002core games
VSTEP Rotterdam 2002serious games
Eximion Eindhoven 2003core- and casual games, game distributor
Team6 Game Studios Assen 2003core games
CrazyFoot Gamestudio The Hague 2004core games
Gamebasics Studio Zoetermeer 2004mobile games
Mindgame Amsterdam 2004serious games
Spill Group Utrecht 2004casual games (since 2008 known as Spil Games)
Xform Utrecht 2004browser based 3D games
Paladin Studios The Hague 2005mobile games
Soepel Amsterdam 2005casual and serious games
Sticky Studios Utrecht 2005serious and mobile games
Triangle Studios Leeuwarden 2005core and mobile games
Tygron The Hague 2005serious games
Virtual Racing Industries B.V. Heemstede 2005real-life RC events, serious games
BlewScreen Tilburg 2006casual and serious games
Coin-Op Interactive Rotterdam 2006video game design
Blender Institute Amsterdam 2007 Open content
FourceLabs Utrecht 2007serious games
Weber Sites & Games BV Arnhem 2007casual, mobile games
ZC Funcraft Nijmegen 2007core games
Flavour Amsterdam 2008serious games
OneBigGame Amsterdam 2008core and casual games
Play like a Champion Amsterdam 2008sports games (since 2017 known as Socios Sports)
Ronimo Games Utrecht 2008core games
Rough Cookie Amsterdam 2008mobile and handheld games
Vertigo Games BV Rotterdam 2008core and serious games
WeirdBeard Amsterdam 2008web games
M2H Alkmaar 2009mobile, casual and core games
DoubleDutch Games Utrecht 2010indie games
GamoVation Zwolle 2010mobile and casual games
Gazingy Interactive Zwolle 2010mobile games
Rising Step IJsselstein 2010core games
Stolen Couch Games Utrecht 2010core games
Virtual Play Utrecht 2010mobile, core and serious games
Game Oven Utrecht 2011mobile, experimental games
Jaywalkers Interactive Randstad 2011core and VR games
Jolly Jellyfish Groningen 2011promotional games
Ludomotion Amsterdam 2011indie games
RageSquid Utrecht (HQ)
Tilburg
2011core games
Team Reptile Hilversum 2011core games
8D Games Leeuwarden 2012serious games
Black Cube Games Amstelveen 2012core games
Blue Giraffe Eindhoven 2012casual, mobile games
Critical Bit Leeuwarden 2012core and serious games
Jagaco Games Zoetermeer 2012casual, mobile games
Mimicry Games Leusden 2012core and casual games, software
Modoka Studios Entertainment Zwolle 2012mobile and casual games
Sparkling Society Delft 2012casual, mobile games
Trigames Delft 2012casual, mobile games
Wispfire Utrecht 2012casual and serious games
2Monkeys Deventer 2013casual, puzzle, mobile games
BitBunch Rotterdam 2013Simulation and Game-engine Technology
BlackMill Games Heiloo 2013core games
Dutch Game Studio Woerden 2013mobile games
KeokeN Interactive Hoofddorp 2013core games
Kings Lane Amsterdam 2013casual, mobile games
Maata Games Arnhem 2013browser games, mobile games
Studio Bleep Groningen 2013serious games, augmented reality
Vanilla Eindhoven 2013mobile games
ChimpWorks Eindhoven 2014mobile games
Knuist & Perzik Veenendaal 2014core games
Wolfdog Interactive Rotterdam 2014VR games
Codeer Studio Netherlands 2015indie games
Dual Cortex Gaming Amsterdam 2015mobile games
Force Field Amsterdam 2015core and casual games
Hulan Studio Eindhoven 2015serious games
Rusty Lake Amsterdam 2015indie games
Sokpop Collective Utrecht 2015casual games
Stitch Heads Entertainment Breda 2015core games
TurtleBlaze The Hague 2015core and casual games
Studio 397 Apeldoorn 2016racing simulators
Total Mayhem Games Rotterdam 2016indie games
TRAGsoft Zevenaar 2016core games
Grumpy Owl Games Utrecht 2017core games, board game adaptations, & edutainment
Hypersome Games Den Bosch 2017VR games
Wooden Shoes Games Rotterdam 2017casual games
Yellowcake Games Utrecht 2017core games
BadDice Heerlen 2018casual games
Twin Wasp Sims Amersfoort 2018Serious games, simulation, 3rd party
Undreamed Games Amsterdam 2018indie games
Beyond All Reason team Netherlands 2019core games, open-source
Game Tailors Delft 2019serious games, gamification
Kessels game studio Beesel 2019small indie games
Sparrow Night Rotterdam 2019core games. Ex-Studio Nul Games.
Bonte Avond Utrecht 2020indie games
Eerie Guest Studios Hilversum 2020core games
Roost Games Utrecht 2020indie games
Thunderoak Interactive Rijswijk 2021core games
Mystic ERA games Harderwijk 2022indie games
OnRush Studio Amsterdam 2022core games
Square Glade Games Groningen 2022core games
Enchanted Works Utrecht 2022Indie Games
Studio Mantasaur Utrecht 2022Indie Games

Defunct game developers

CompanyFoundedEndedType Reason for ending development
Courbois Software19822012core and casual gamesdissolved
Aackosoft 19831988core and casual gamesfiled for bankruptcy in 1988
Radarsoft 19841987core and casual gamesRadarsoft continues without gaming products
Team Hoi19881998core and casual gamesdissolved. Ex-"SoftEyes" / "Softeyes Design" (1990-1994).
ANMA19891993core and casual gamesdissolved
Parallax 19892000core and casual gamesdissolved
Ultra Force19891993moved to computer software development
The Vision Factory 19922002casual gamesfiled for bankruptcy in January 2002
Digital Infinity19952000casual gamesmerged into Lost Boys Games
DIMA/Creative Media19951997dissolved
Orange Games 19952000core, casual and mobile gamesmerged into Lost Boys Games
White Bear 19982011filed for bankruptcy in December 2011
Lost Boys Games 20002003core and casual gamestaken over and renamed Guerrilla Games
DarXabre 20012011inactive since 2011
Streamline Studios 20012009filed for bankruptcy in November 2009
Playlogic Entertainment 20022010core gamesfiled for bankruptcy in July 2010 and again in December 2014
Coded Illusions 20042008filed for bankruptcy September 2008
Spellborn Works 20042009filed for bankruptcy in June 2009
W!Games20052016core and casual gamesmerged as Vanguard Games into Force Field in April 2016
Virtual Fairground 20082011filed for bankruptcy in April 2011
Vlambeer 20102020dissolved
Ostrich Banditos20122015core gamesdissolved/abandoned in 2015
Through Games 20142017core gamelikely inactive in Jan 2017 as co-founder became independent contractor

Game publishers from the Netherlands

CompanyLocationFoundedType
Abstraction Games B.V. Valkenswaard (HQ)2007Publisher, co-development, porting. Former dev.
Artificial Core Amsterdam (HQ), Kyiv (Development)2015Publisher & dev - online games
Dutch Game Studio Woerden 2013Mobile Games
Finitude Maastricht (HQ), Berlin (Development)2015Publisher & dev - core games
Future Minimalism Alkmaar 2021Publisher & dev - core games
GameHouse B.V. Eindhoven 2001Casual games distributor & dev. Ex-Zylom Media Group BV (2001-2008), RealGames B.V. (2008-2010).
Gamious Haarlem 2011casual games on multiple platforms
Good Shepherd Entertainment The Hague 2011console and PC games
Iceberg Interactive Haarlem 2009core and casual games
Level Infinite Amsterdam (HQ), Singapore 2021core and mobile games
Lion Castle Entertainment Assen 2018core and casual games
Modoka Studios Entertainment Zwolle 2012mobile and casual games
OneBigGame Amsterdam 2008core and casual games
Perfect World Entertainment Amsterdam 2011console and PC games
Seven Volts Games Tilburg 2020Publisher & dev - core and casual games
SOEDESCO Hoogvliet 2014hardcore and casual games on multiple platforms
Spill Group Utrecht 2004casual games (since 2008 known as Spil Games)
Studio Taghua Amsterdam 2020Publisher - core games
The 4 Winds Entertainment Amsterdam 2021Publisher, marketing, localization - core games
UnitedGames Wormerveer 2007core games
WeeCodeLab B.V. The Hague (HQ)2018Publisher & dev - indie games

Defunct game publishers from the Netherlands

CompanyFoundedEndedType Reason for ending publishing
Davilex Games 19932005casual and serious gamespublisher & dev. Davilex continues without gaming products.
Easy Interactive B.V. 20012014core gamesfiled for bankruptcy in 2014. Acquired by Dutch firm, Foreign Media Group, in 2006.
Gambitious Digital Entertainment 20112017console and PC gamesGambitious Digital Entertainment ceased crowdfunding activities & was rebranded into Good Shepherd Entertainment as a publisher
HD Publishing B.V. 19952008core gameslikely filed for bankruptcy in 2008. Ex-HD Interactive B.V. in 1995 to 2005.
Lighthouse Interactive 20052008core gamesclosed due to bankruptcy of parent company in 2008
Megaware Multimedia B.V. 20002005core gamesfiled for bankruptcy in late 2005
Midas Interactive Entertainment BV
(ES wiki)
19982012core gamesHQ moved to UK in 2001 but Netherlands office remained. filed for bankruptcy in 2012.
Playlogic Entertainment 20022014core gamesfiled for bankruptcy in December 2014
Project Two Interactive BV 19952000core gamesfiled for bankruptcy in 2000. Lead staff setup Project 3 Interactive in 2000.
Project Three Interactive BV 20002006core gamesfiled for bankruptcy in early 2006. One co-founder set up Lighthouse Interactive in 2005; as CEO of Iceberg Interactive in 2009.
R&P Electronic Media19912001casual and serious gamespublisher and localisation. Continued without gaming products.
tinyBuild 20112014core gamesHQ moved from Netherlands to Seattle. Still has offices in Netherlands.
Xing Interactive C.V. 20012009core gamesfiled for bankruptcy, or reverted to parent holding group in early 2009


Education

Up until 1998, whoever wanted to work in the gaming industry was best off pursuing a computer programming or graphic design education. In 1998, Utrecht School of the Arts offered the first 'pure' game education on the European continent. [7] Currently there are 11 schools offering specific game educations in the Netherlands.

University of Amsterdam

Since 2013 the University of Amsterdam offers the first master program focused on game development (Game studies).

Utrecht University

Utrecht University offers Game technology as a variant of its Computer Science bachelor and a master in Game & Media Technology.

Breda University of Applied Sciences

Breda University of Applied Sciences has been offering a course in game development (Creative Media and Game Technologies), for over 10 years. The 4-year course is entirely focused on practical teaching, working with a variant of Project-Based Learning called "Role-Based Learning". Students work entirely on game development projects, with an assessment based on their behavior and learning within those projects. They also offer a Master in Game Technology.

Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences

Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences offer a major in Creative Media & Game Technologies with a minor Game design and Development for example where students have to create several games within a short amount of time. First, they learn to create a 2D Android game within 6 weeks. Then they learn to create a 3D game within 13 weeks total.

Saxion University of Applied Sciences

Saxion University of Applied Science in Enschede also offers a bachelor's degree in Creative Media and Game Technologies.

Media

Defunct print media

  • n3 Nintendo Magazine; 2002–2003
  • GMR; 2006–2008
  • gamesTM; 2008
  • Hoog Spel; 1990–2002
  • [N]Gamer; 2003–2012

Television and radio

Defunct television and media

  • GameVille (casual games television show)
  • GameForce 1 (defunct television show, 1998-2000)
  • GameQuest (defunct television show, 2000-2001)
  • Gammo (defunct television show)
  • Power Play (defunct television show)

Online media

Defunct online media

Video game systems

Philips CD-i

The Philips CD-i (Compact Disc Interactive), first released in 1991, is an interactive multimedia CD player developed and marketed by the Dutch electronics manufacturer Royal Philips Electronics N.V. This category of device was created to provide more functionality than an audio CD player or game console, but at a lower price than a personal computer with a CD-ROM drive at the time. Earlier CD-i games included entries in popular Nintendo franchises, such as Hotel Mario , Link: The Faces of Evil , Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon and Zelda's Adventure , although those games were not developed by Nintendo. In addition to games, a lot of educational and multimedia reference titles were produced for the system, such as interactive encyclopedias, museum tours, etc. The CD-i was a commercial failure, selling 1 million units across all manufactures in 7 years, and losing Phillips $1 billion.

Other Consoles

European video game rating

The Netherlands Institute for the Classification of Audiovisual Media (NICAM) is the institute responsible for the software given for review for the European video game content rating system PEGI.

Video game events in the Netherlands

Between 2005 and 2013, the NLGD Festival of Games was an annual trade show for the national and international video games industry, with an attendance of over 1,500 visitors in 2013.

Between 2005 and 2009, Amsterdam was the host city to Casual Connect Europe, the world's leading trade show for casual games. After a four-year absence, Amsterdam hosted Casual Connect once more in February 2014.

Over the years, there have been 2 large consumer events, until 2007 this was 'Gameplay'. From 2008 the event is organized by Blammo Events and is called Firstlook, the event is held annually in the Jaarbeurs Utrecht. Since 2015 the event has been rebranded as Firstlook Festival. [8]

In 2013, Walibi Holland hosted the first edition of Game On, which hosted several video game activities in the theme park. Also in 2013, the Retro Game Experience was first hosted as part of the Sound and Vision experience at the Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision. Smaller organizations and private collectors also host retro game events on a regular basis.

LAN scene

In the Netherlands, several large and smaller LAN parties and other gaming events are held yearly. In recent years, the 1000+ visitors have declined in popularity, with the scene seeing a shift towards smaller, more sociable events and/or events that offer more than just non-stop gaming. Additional activities include (outdoor) sports events, quizzes and other non-gaming competitions. In addition, small LAN-parties held at home for typically 5–15 visitors, remain popular.

A notable organization is Gameparty.net, a website that functions as a central hub in the Dutch game event scene, who also hosts two large annual events, TheParty and CampZone. Other major LAN-parties and organisations that have organized 1000+ visitor events include Drome, Netgamez, LAN = Life and Regroup. Most of these organizations operate on a non-profit basis, finding sponsors within the computer and gaming world to be able to operate budget-neutral.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hilversum</span> City and municipality in North Holland, Netherlands

Hilversum is a city and municipality in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. Located in the heart of the Gooi, it is the largest urban centre in that area. It is surrounded by heathland, woods, meadows, lakes and smaller towns. Hilversum is part of the Randstad, one of the largest conurbations in Europe, and the Amsterdam metropolitan area; it is about 22 km southeast of Amsterdam's city centre and about 15 km north of Utrecht.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rotterdam</span> City in South Holland, Netherlands

Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands after the national capital of Amsterdam. It is in the province of South Holland, part of the North Sea mouth of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, via the "New Meuse" inland shipping channel, dug to connect to the Meuse at first and now to the Rhine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Hague</span> City and municipality in South Holland, Netherlands

The Hague is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the capital of the province of South Holland. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam, The Hague has been described as the country's de facto capital.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Utrecht</span> City and municipality in Utrecht, Netherlands

Utrecht is the fourth-largest city of the Netherlands, as well as the capital and the most populous city of the province of Utrecht. The municipality of Utrecht is located in the eastern part of the Randstad conurbation, in the very centre of mainland Netherlands, and includes Haarzuilens, Vleuten en De Meern. It has a population of 361,699 as of December 2021.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research</span> Dutch organisation

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek is an independent statutory research organization in the Netherlands that focuses on applied science. It conducts contract research, offers specialist consulting services, and grants licenses for patents and specialist software. TNO also sets up new companies to market innovations.

The Randstad is a roughly crescent- or arc-shaped conurbation in the Netherlands, that houses almost half the country's population. With a central-western location, it connects and comprises the Netherlands' four biggest cities, their suburbs, and many towns in between, that all grew and merged into each other. Among other things, it includes the Port of Rotterdam, the Port of Amsterdam, and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. With a population of approximately 8.4 million people it is one of the largest metropolitan regions in Europe, comparable in population size to the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region or the San Francisco Bay Area, and covers an area of approximately 11,372 km2 (4,391 sq mi). The Randstad had a gross regional product of €397 billion in 2017, making it the third most productive region in the European Union, behind the Paris metropolitan area and the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region. It encompasses both the Amsterdam metropolitan area and Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area. It is part of the larger Blue Banana megalopolis.

The Dutch National Students Association is one of two national representations and spokesman of students in the Netherlands at the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, VSNU, Association of Higher Professional Education, DUO, etc. The purpose of ISO is to improve the quality of higher education, protection of students' interests and representation of 688.000 students in higher education.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vroom & Dreesmann</span>

Vroom & Dreesmann (V&D) was a Dutch chain of department stores founded in 1887. It was declared bankrupt on 31 December 2015, although its branches were still in operation until 15 February 2016. On 16 February 2016, it was announced that takeover negotiations had not led to an agreement, ultimately resulting in the company's demise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inholland University of Applied Sciences</span> Dutch university with eight campuses

Inholland University of Applied Sciences is a large university of applied sciences located in eight main cities of the Randstad, the central-western region of the Netherlands and the country's economic, political and cultural hub. With over 37,000 students from more than 100 countries, the university follows the applied sciences mode of education.

Kas Oosterhuis (1951) is a Dutch architect, professor and co-founder of the innovation studio ONL together with visual artist Ilona Lénárd. He was a professor at Delft University of Technology from 2000 to 2016 and has been a professor at Qatar University since 2017. His office, ONL, has realized a number of innovative, contemporary architecture projects including the Salt Water Pavilion at Neeltje Jans, the Web of North Holland at the 2002 World Expo in Haarlemmermeer, the A2 Cockpit in the Sounder Barrier at Leidsche Rijn, Utrecht and the Liwa Tower in Abu Dhabi.

<i>Koningsdag</i> Dutch national holiday

Koningsdag or King's Day is a national holiday in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Celebrated on 27 April, the date marks the birth of King Willem-Alexander. When the Dutch monarch is female, the holiday is known as Koninginnedag or Queen's Day and, under Queen Beatrix until 2013, was celebrated on 30 April.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holland Casino</span>

Holland Casino is a Dutch state-owned company and has the legal monopoly on gambling in the Netherlands, and has fourteen casinos located throughout the country. Profits from Holland Casino go directly to the Dutch treasury. In 2007, profit was around 267 million euros and in 2006 some 263 million euros.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Window prostitution</span> Showcase for prostitutes

Window prostitution is a form of prostitution that is fairly common in the Netherlands and surrounding countries. The prostitute rents a window plus workspace off a window operator for a certain period of time, often per day or part of a day. The prostitute is also independent and recruits her own customers and also negotiates the price and the services to be provided.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tio University</span>

Tio Business School is a private Dutch educational institution, founded by the business community in 1969 in the city of Hengelo. Tio has establishments in Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Eindhoven, Utrecht, Hengelo and Groningen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saxion University of Applied Sciences</span> Education centre in the eastern Netherlands

Saxion University of Applied Sciences is a Dutch university of applied sciences with three campuses in the eastern Netherlands. It provides more than 100 courses in study fields as archaeology, finance, law, engineering, hospitality, business, IT, broadcasting, health and digital media. With over 27,000 students, it is one of the largest institutions of higher education in the Netherlands. Saxion offers bachelor & master education and research focused on living technology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ine Gevers</span> Dutch curator, writer and activist

Ine Gevers is a Dutch curator of contemporary art, writer and activist. Gevers is known for large themed exhibitions in which she explores the relationships between technology, power and identity. She has been called one of The Netherlands' most radical curators.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mienke Simon Thomas</span> Dutch art historian, curator and author

Margaretha Wilhelmina Francina (Mienke) Simon Thomas is a Dutch art historian, curator and author, working as a senior curator at Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam. She is known for her works on the development of Dutch applied art and design.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spellenspektakel</span> Dutch board game event

The Spellenspektakel is the largest board game convention in the Netherlands, featuring game demonstrations, tournaments and other game related activities. It focusses on traditional strategy boardgames, collectible card games, pen-and-paper role-playing games and miniatures wargames. Game publishers participate by showing and demonstrating their new releases to the public. Additionally, the Spellenspektakel hosts numerous game stores and player communities. Visitors can try any game on display and buy the ones they prefer. During the 2019 edition at the Jaarbeurs venue in Utrecht, the Spellenspektakel welcomed over 14,000 people.

References

  1. "Nieuws: VK grootste gamesmarkt in Europa". Gamed.nl. April 12, 2008.
  2. "The Netherlands Announces Its Growing Role in the Global Games Industry". GameSpy. May 7, 2008.
  3. Lenting, T. (2019), Gamegeschiedenis van Nederland 1978-2018. Karel van Mander Academy: Arnhem.
  4. "Games Monitor The Netherlands 2020 Update - Covid Impact". Dutch Game Garden. April 30, 2021. Archived from the original on June 19, 2022.
  5. Müller, Martijn (March 3, 2009). "Games in de huidige economische crisis" (in Dutch). NG-Gamer.
  6. "Amsterdam Tour". July 3, 2022.
  7. "Global Game Jam NL | HKU University of the Arts Utrecht". Archived from the original on February 14, 2014. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
  8. "Firstlook Festival yearly event". Firstlook Festival. Retrieved January 6, 2016.