1991 in video games

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1991 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Street Fighter II , Final Fantasy IV , Super Castlevania IV , Mega Man 4 , Super Ghouls 'n Ghosts , and The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past , along with new titles such as Sonic the Hedgehog , Battletoads , Lemmings , Sunset Riders , Duke Nukem , Fatal Fury: King of Fighters , and Streets of Rage . The year's highest-grossing video game worldwide was Capcom's arcade fighting game Street Fighter II. The year's best-selling system was the Game Boy for the second year in a row, while the year's best-selling home video game was Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog, which was also the year's top video game rental in the United States.

Contents

Top-rated games

Game of the Year awards

The following titles won Game of the Year awards for 1991.

Awards Game of the Year DeveloperPublisherGenrePlatform(s)Ref
Chicago Tribune Sonic the Hedgehog Sonic Team Sega Platformer Sega Genesis [1]
Electronic Gaming Monthly (EGM) [2]
European Computer Trade Show (ECTS) Sega Mega Drive [3]
Golden Joystick Awards [4]
Chicago Tribune Splatterhouse Namco NEC Beat 'em up TurboGrafx-16 [1]
Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo R&D4 Nintendo Platformer NES
European Computer Trade Show (ECTS) Lemmings DMA Design Psygnosis Strategy Home computers [3]
Famitsu Best Hit Game Awards Final Fantasy IV Squaresoft Squaresoft Role-playing Super Famicom [5]
Gamest Awards Street Fighter II: The World Warrior Capcom Capcom Fighting Arcade (CP System) [6]

Famitsu Platinum Hall of Fame

The following video game releases in 1991 entered Famitsu magazine's "Platinum Hall of Fame" for receiving Famitsu scores of at least 35 out of 40. [7]

TitlePlatformDeveloperPublisherGenreScore (out of 40)
Zelda no Densetsu: Kamigami no Triforce (A Link to the Past) Super Famicom Nintendo EAD Nintendo Action-adventure 39
Final Fantasy IV Super Famicom Squaresoft Squaresoft Role-playing 36
Lemmings Super Famicom Sunsoft Sunsoft Strategy 35

Financial performance

Highest-grossing arcade games

The year's highest-grossing game worldwide was Street Fighter II , which alone accounted for an estimated 60% of the global arcade game market, according to Coinslot magazine. [8] The following table lists the year's top-grossing arcade game in Japan, the United Kingdom, United States, and worldwide.

MarketTitle Hardware sales Coin drop earningsInflationManufacturerGenreRef
Japan Street Fighter II: The World Warrior 17,000Un­knownUn­known Capcom Fighting [9] [10]
United Kingdom Street Fighter II: The World Warrior 10,000$229 million+$510 million+CapcomFighting [8]
United States Street Fighter II: The World Warrior Un­knownUn­knownCapcomFighting [11] [12]
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Un­knownUn­known Konami Beat 'em up [13]
Australia Street Fighter II: The World Warrior Un­knownUn­knownCapcomFighting [14]
Worldwide Street Fighter II: The World Warrior 50,000CapcomFighting [8] [10]

Japan

In Japan, the following titles were the top ten highest-grossing arcade games of 1991, according to the annual Gamest and Game Machine charts.

Rank Gamest [9] Game Machine [10]
TitleType
1 Street Fighter II: The World Warrior Street Fighter II: The World Warrior Software conversion kit
2 Final Fight Tetris (Sega) Software conversion kit
3 Final Lap 2 Columns Software conversion kit
4 Quiz Tonosama no Yabō Final Lap 2 Standard cabinet
5 Raiden Deluxe cabinet
6 Super Monaco GP Super Volley '91 (Power Spikes)Software conversion kit
7 Clutch Hitter Quiz Tonosama no Yabō
8 GP Rider Final Fight Software conversion kit
9Super Volley '91 (Power Spikes) World Stadium '90 Software conversion kit
10 Dragon Saber Columns II Software conversion kit

United States

In the United States, the following titles were the highest-grossing arcade video games of 1991.

RankAAMA [11] [12] [15] AMOA [16] [17] Play Meter
TitleAward Arcade conversion kitDedicated arcade cabinet
1 Street Fighter II: The World Warrior Diamond Street Fighter II Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles [13]
2 The Simpsons ,
Neo Geo MVS
Platinum Capcom Bowling ,
Final Fight ,
High Impact Football ,
Raiden
Hard Drivin' ,
Neo Geo MVS,
Pit Fighter ,
Race Drivin'
Un­known
3
4 High Impact Football Gold
5 Final Lap 2 Silver

Hong Kong and Australia

In Hong Kong and Australia, the following titles were the top-grossing arcade games on the monthly charts in 1991.

Month Hong Kong (Bondeal) Australia (Timezone)
Arcade conversion software kitDedicated arcade cabinet Ref Dedicated Conversion Ref
January Super Pang Big Run Cisco Heat [18] [19] Un­knownUn­known
February Escape Kids Street Fighter II Cisco Heat Hard Drivin' Big Run [19] [20]
March Street Fighter II Hard Drivin' Big Run F-15 Strike Eagle [20] [21] [22]
April Street Fighter II Gun Force F-15 Strike Eagle [22] [23]
May Street Fighter II F-15 Strike Eagle Hard Drivin' [23] [24]
June Hard Drivin' [24] [25]
July Street Fighter II Mutant Fighter [25] [26]
August Mutant Fighter D. D. Crew Hard Drivin' Time Traveler [26] [27]
September WWF WrestleFest Street Fighter II Time Traveler Hard Drivin' [27] [28]
October Street Fighter II Vendetta Hard Drivin' Race Drivin' [28] Final Lap 2 Spider-Man [29]
1991 Street Fighter II [14]

Best-selling home systems

RankSystem(s)ManufacturerTypeGenerationSales
Japan USA Europe Korea Worldwide
1 Game Boy Nintendo Handheld 8-bit 1,940,000 [30] 4,000,000 [31] 1,400,000 [32] Un­known7,340,000+
2 Super NES Nintendo Console 16-bit 3,150,000 [30] 1,900,000+ [33] 5,050,000+
3 NES / Famicom NintendoConsole 8-bit 1,240,000 [30] 2,100,000 [31] 500,000+ [34] 100,000 [35] 3,940,000+
4 Mega Drive / Genesis Sega Console16-bit700,000 [30] 1,600,000+ [36] 815,000 [37] 51,000 [35] 3,166,000+
5 IBM PC IBM Computer 16-bit 2,910,000 [38]
6 Macintosh Apple Inc. Computer16-bit2,100,000 [39]
7 Master System SegaConsole8-bitUn­known< 50,000 [40] 1,745,000 [37] 160,000 [35] 1,905,000+
8 NEC PC-88 / PC-98 NEC Computer 8-bit / 16-bit 1,720,000 [41] [42] Un­knownUn­knownUn­known1,720,000+
9 Game Gear SegaHandheld8-bit400,000 [30] 600,000+ [43] 520,000 [37] Un­known1,520,000+
10 Amiga Commodore Computer16-bit1,035,000 [39]

Best-selling home video games

Sonic the Hedgehog was the best-selling home video game of 1991, [44] with 2 million copies sold worldwide during the year. [45]

Japan

In Japan, according to Famicom Tsūshin (Famitsu) magazine, the following titles were the top ten best-selling 1991 releases, including later sales in 1992. [46]

RankTitleDeveloperPublisherGenrePlatformSales
1 Zelda no Densetsu: Kamigami no Triforce (A Link to the Past) Nintendo EAD Nintendo Action-adventure Super Famicom < 1,160,000 [47]
2 Final Fantasy IV (Final Fantasy II) Squaresoft Squaresoft Role-playing Super FamicomUn­known
3 Yoshi Game Freak Nintendo Puzzle Famicom Un­known
4 Game Boy
5 Ganbare Goemon: Yukihime Kyūshutsu Emaki (Mystical Ninja) Konami Konami Action-adventureSuper FamicomUn­known
6 SaGa 3: Jikū no Hasha (Final Fantasy Legend III)SquaresoftSquaresoftRole-playingGame Boy< 650,000 [48]
7 Chō Makaimura (Super Ghouls 'n Ghosts) Capcom Capcom Action-platformer Super FamicomUn­known
8 SimCity Nintendo EADNintendo City-building
9 Super Wagan Land Namco Platformer
10 Super Formation Soccer (Super Soccer) Human Entertainment Sports (football)Super Famicom< 600,000 [49]

The following titles were the best-selling home video games on the Famitsu charts in 1991. The charts were bi-weekly up until July 1991, when they switched to a weekly format.

MonthWeek 1Week 2Week 3Week 4Ref
JanuaryUn­known Super Mario World (Super Famicom) [50]
February Super Mario World (Super Famicom)
March [50] [51]
April Ultraman (Super Famicom) Super Mario World (Super Famicom)
May Super Mario World (Super Famicom) SimCity (Super Famicom) [50] [51] [52]
June SimCity (Super Famicom) Magical Taruruto (Game Boy) [50]
July SimCity (Super Famicom) Super R-Type (SFC) Final Fantasy IV (Super Famicom)
AugustUn­knownUn­known Final Fantasy IV (SFC) Dragon Ball Z II: Gekishin Freeza (FC) [50] [53]
September Final Fantasy IV (Super Famicom) Chibi Maruko-chan 2 (GB) Mario Open Golf (Famicom) [53] [54] [55]
October Chō Makaimura (Super Famicom) [55] [56] [57]
November Chō Makaimura (Super Famicom) Akumajō Dracula (SFC) Super Mario World (SFC) Zelda no Densetsu: Kamigami no Triforce (SFC) [50] [58]
December Zelda no Densetsu: Kamigami no Triforce (SFC) [58] Mega Man 4 (FC) SaGa 3 (Game Boy) [50] [59] [60]

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, the following titles were the best-selling home video games on the monthly Computer and Video Games (CVG) charts in 1991.

Month Home computers Sega Mega Drive PC Engine Ref
January Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles (C64) Castle of Illusion Starring Mickey Mouse Out Run [61]
February Speedball 2: Brutal Deluxe (Amiga) [62]
March Lemmings (Amiga) Gynoug Parasol Stars [63]
April Magicland Dizzy (ZX Spectrum) Midnight Resistance [64]
May [65]
June Sonic the Hedgehog Legend of Hero Tonma [66]
July Bubble Bobble (ZX Spectrum) [67]
August Manchester United Europe [68]
September Jimmy White's 'Whirlwind' Snooker Streets of Rage PC Kid 2 [69]
October Terminator 2: Judgment Day Mercs Hit the Ice [70]
November Lotus Turbo Challenge 2 QuackShot Time Cruise II [71]
December WWF WrestleMania RoboCod Gradius [72] [73]

United States

In the United States, the following titles were the top three best-selling home video game releases of 1991.

RankTitlePlatformSalesRef
1 Sonic the Hedgehog Sega Genesis 1,000,000+ [44]
2 Super Mario World Super Nintendo Entertainment System Un­known [74]
3 F-Zero

The following titles were the best-selling home video games of each month in 1991.

MonthAll platforms Nintendo consoles
TitlePlatformRefWeek 1Week 2Week 3Week 4Ref
MayUn­knownUn­known Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES) [75]
JuneUn­knownUn­known [76] [77]
August Sonic the Hedgehog Sega Genesis [78] Un­knownUn­knownUn­knownUn­known
SeptemberUn­known Tetris (NES) Super Mario World (Super NES)Un­known [79]
October Super Mario World (Super NES) [80] [81] [82]
NovemberUn­known
December [44] Super Mario World (Super NES) [83] [84] [85]

Events

Notable releases

Hardware

Super Nintendo Entertainment System released in North America SNES-Mod1-Console-Set.jpg
Super Nintendo Entertainment System released in North América

Business

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Street Fighter II</i> 1991 arcade video game

Street Fighter II: The World Warrior is a 2D fighting game developed by Capcom and originally released for arcades in 1991. It is the second installment in the Street Fighter series and the sequel to 1987's Street Fighter. It is Capcom's fourteenth game to use the CP System arcade system board. Street Fighter II vastly improved many of the concepts introduced in the first game, including the use of special command-based moves, a combo system, a six-button configuration, and a wider selection of playable characters, each with a unique fighting style.

<i>Kung-Fu Master</i> (video game) 1984 video game

Kung-Fu Master, known as Spartan X in Japan, is a side-scrolling beat 'em up developed by Irem as an arcade video game in 1984, and distributed by Data East in North America. Designed by Takashi Nishiyama, the game was based on Hong Kong martial arts films. It is a loose adaptation of the Jackie Chan, Sammo Hung, and Yuen Biao film Wheels on Meals (1984), called Spartan X in Japan, with the protagonist Thomas named after Jackie Chan's character in the film. The game is also heavily inspired by the Bruce Lee film Game of Death (1972), which was the basis for the game's concept. Nishiyama, who had previously designed the side-scrolling shooter Moon Patrol (1982), combined fighting elements with a shoot 'em up gameplay rhythm. Irem and Data East exported the game to the West without the Spartan X license.

<i>Famitsu</i> Line of Japanese video game magazines

Famitsu, formerly Famicom Tsūshin, is a line of Japanese video game magazines published by Kadokawa Game Linkage, a subsidiary of Kadokawa. Famitsu is published in both weekly and monthly formats as well as in the form of special topical issues devoted to only one console, video game company, or other theme. Shūkan Famitsū, the original Famitsu publication, is considered the most widely read and respected video game news magazine in Japan. From October 28, 2011, the company began releasing the digital version of the magazine exclusively on BookWalker weekly.

1992 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Dragon Quest V, Final Fantasy V, Sonic the Hedgehog 2, Street Fighter II: Champion Edition, Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins, and Super Mario Kart, along with new titles such as Art of Fighting, Lethal Enforcers, Mortal Kombat and Virtua Racing.

1990 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake, Dr. Mario, Dragon Quest IV, Final Fantasy III, Phantasy Star II, and Super Mario World, along with new titles such as Fire Emblem: Shadow Dragon and the Blade of Light and Magic Sword. The year's highest-grossing arcade video games were Final Fight in Japan and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in the United States. The year's best‑selling system was the Game Boy, while the year's best-selling home video game was Super Mario Bros. 3 for the Nintendo Entertainment System.

1989 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Phantasy Star II, Super Mario Land, Super Monaco GP, along with new titles such as Big Run, Bonk's Adventure, Final Fight, Golden Axe, Strider, Hard Drivin' and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. The year also saw the release of the Sega Genesis and TurboGrafx-16 in North America, and the Game Boy worldwide along with Tetris and Super Mario Land.

1988 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Dragon Quest III, Super Contra, Super Mario Bros. 2, Mega Man 2, Double Dragon II: The Revenge, and Super Mario Bros. 3, along with new titles such as Assault, Altered Beast, Capcom Bowling, Ninja Gaiden, RoboCop, Winning Run and Chase H.Q.

1987 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Castlevania II: Simon's Quest, Dragon Quest II, Final Lap, and Zelda II, along with new titles such as After Burner, Contra, Double Dragon, Final Fantasy, Mega Man, Metal Gear, Operation Wolf, Phantasy Star, Shinobi, Street Fighter and The Last Ninja. The Legend of Zelda was also introduced outside of Japan.

1986 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Super Mario Bros. 2, along with new titles such as Arkanoid, Bubble Bobble, Castlevania, Dragon Quest, Ikari Warriors, The Legend of Zelda, Metroid, Out Run and R.B.I. Baseball. The year's highest-grossing arcade video games were Hang-On in Japan, Hang-On and Gauntlet in the United States, and Nemesis (Gradius) in London. The year's best‑selling home system was the Nintendo Entertainment System (Famicom) for the third year in a row, while the year's best-selling home video games in Western markets were Super Mario Bros. in the United States and Yie Ar Kung-Fu in the United Kingdom.

<i>Dragon Quest V</i> 1992 video game

Dragon Quest V: Hand of the Heavenly Bride is a role-playing video game and the fifth installment in the Dragon Quest video game series, second of the Zenithian Trilogy. Originally developed by Chunsoft and published by Enix Corporation, Dragon Quest V was the first title in the series to be released for the Super Famicom video game console in Japan in September 1992. Dragon Quest V was the first game in the series to not be released in America due to programming issues at the time.

<i>Super Monaco GP</i> 1989 video game

Super Monaco GP is a Formula One racing simulation video game released by Sega, originally as a Sega X Board arcade game in 1989, followed by ports for multiple video game consoles and home computers in the early 1990s. It is the sequel to the 1979 arcade game Monaco GP. The arcade game consists of one race, the Monaco Grand Prix, but later ports added more courses and game modes based on the 1989 Formula One World Championship.

<i>Street Fighter II Turbo</i> 1992 video game

Street Fighter II Turbo: Hyper Fighting is a competitive fighting game released by Capcom for arcades in 1992. It is the third arcade version of Street Fighter II, part of the Street Fighter franchise, following Street Fighter II: Champion Edition, and was initially released as an enhancement kit for that game. Released less than a year after the previous installment, Turbo introduced a faster playing speed and new special moves for certain characters, as well as further refinement to the character balance.

<i>Tengai Makyō II: Manji Maru</i> 1992 video game

Tengai Makyō II: Manji Maru, also known as Far East of Eden II: Manji Maru, is a role-playing video game and the second game in the Tengai Makyō series. It was first released in 1992 for the PC Engine Super CD-ROM² by Hudson Soft and developed by Red Company.

<i>Family Stadium</i> Video game series

Family Stadium, also known as Pro Yakyū: Family Stadium and Famista, is a series of baseball sports video games initially developed and released by Namco in Japan, and later developed and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment. The first entry in the series, Pro Baseball: Family Stadium, was released for the Nintendo Family Computer in 1986 and later in North America as R.B.I. Baseball, with the series being released on numerous home consoles, the latest being Pro Yakyuu Famista 2020 in 2020 for the Nintendo Switch. The series is considered a precursor to Namco's own World Stadium series of baseball games, released for arcades, PlayStation, and GameCube. The series has been a commercial success since, with over 15 million copies being sold as of 2016.

<i>F-1 Grand Prix</i> (video game series) Video game series

F-1 Grand Prix (エフワングランプリ) is a series of Formula One video games developed and published by Video System, primarily known for developing the Aero Fighters series. Prior to obtaining the FOCA license, the company previously released an arcade game in 1989 called Tail to Nose: Great Championship. Video System began releasing officially licensed titles in 1991 as an arcade game and for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, initially featuring content from the 1991 season; the company later followed up by releasing games based on the 1992 and 1993 seasons, although the 1993 season game had no arcade release. The arcade and SNES games are played with a top-down view centered on the players chosen vehicles. These titles feature the song "Truth" by T-Square, featured branding from Fuji Television's Formula One coverage, and the SNES versions were only released in Japan. Video System also developed SD F-1 Grand Prix, a Super Mario Kart style game featuring animal caricatures of selected 1994 drivers.

<i>Captain Tsubasa 4: Pro no Rival Tachi</i> 1993 video game

Captain Tsubasa 4: Professional Rivals is the third sequel and fourth installment in the Captain Tsubasa video game series by Tecmo. It's a direct sequel of Captain Tsubasa 3: Koutei no Chousen and was released exclusively in Japan for Nintendo's Super Famicom on April 3, 1993, with inferior graphics compared to its predecessor.

<i>Super Batter Up</i> 1992 video game

Super Batter Up, known in Japan as Super Famista, is a baseball video game with both a one- and two-player mode plus a league mode.

<i>Family Circuit</i> 1988 racing video game

Family Circuit is a top-down racing video game released for the Family Computer in 1988 by Namco in Japan only. The game was developed by Masanobu Endō, who previously developed Xevious and The Tower of Druaga, and his company Game Studio.

<i>Pro Baseball: Family Stadium</i> 1986 baseball video game

Pro Baseball: Family Stadium, released as Pro Yakyū: Family Stadium in Japan and R.B.I. Baseball in North America, is a 1986 baseball video game developed and published by Namco for the Nintendo Entertainment System. In North America, it was published by Tengen as R.B.I. Baseball. It was also released in arcades through the Nintendo VS. System. It is the first game in the Family Stadium and R.B.I. Baseball franchises. The game was a critical and commercial success in Japan and North America.

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