Index of branches of science

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The following index is provided as an overview of and topical guide to science: Links to articles and redirects to sections of articles which provide information on each topic are listed with a short description of the topic. When there is more than one article with information on a topic, the most relevant is usually listed, and it may be cross-linked to further information from the linked page or section.

Contents

Science (from Latin scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. [1] [2]

The branches of science, also referred to as scientific fields, scientific disciplines, or just sciences, can be arbitrarily divided into three major groups:

Disciplines that use science, such as engineering and medicine, are described as applied sciences.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Z

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of biology</span>

Biology – The natural science that studies life. Areas of focus include structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.

<i>In vivo</i> Process of testing biological interventions on whole, living organisms

Studies that are in vivo are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as opposed to a tissue extract or dead organism. This is not to be confused with experiments done in vitro, i.e., in a laboratory environment using test tubes, Petri dishes, etc. Examples of investigations in vivo include: the pathogenesis of disease by comparing the effects of bacterial infection with the effects of purified bacterial toxins; the development of non-antibiotics, antiviral drugs, and new drugs generally; and new surgical procedures. Consequently, animal testing and clinical trials are major elements of in vivo research. In vivo testing is often employed over in vitro because it is better suited for observing the overall effects of an experiment on a living subject. In drug discovery, for example, verification of efficacy in vivo is crucial, because in vitro assays can sometimes yield misleading results with drug candidate molecules that are irrelevant in vivo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Medicine</span> Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness

Medicine is the science and practice of caring for patients, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness. Contemporary medicine applies biomedical sciences, biomedical research, genetics, and medical technology to diagnose, treat, and prevent injury and disease, typically through pharmaceuticals or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, external splints and traction, medical devices, biologics, and ionizing radiation, amongst others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of physical science</span> Hierarchical outline list of articles related to the physical sciences

Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together is called the "physical sciences".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pharmacology</span> Science of drugs and medications and their effects

Pharmacology is the science of drugs and medications, including a substance's origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic use, and toxicology. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function. If substances have medicinal properties, they are considered pharmaceuticals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of space science</span> Overview of and topical guide to space science

The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to space science:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Biomechanics</span> Study of the mechanics of biological systems

Biomechanics is the study of the structure, function and motion of the mechanical aspects of biological systems, at any level from whole organisms to organs, cells and cell organelles, using the methods of mechanics. Biomechanics is a branch of biophysics.

Evolutionary epistemology refers to three distinct topics: (1) the biological evolution of cognitive mechanisms in animals and humans, (2) a theory that knowledge itself evolves by natural selection, and (3) the study of the historical discovery of new abstract entities such as abstract number or abstract value that necessarily precede the individual acquisition and usage of such abstractions. As a branch of inquiry in epistemology, evolutionary epistemology lies at the crossroads of philosophy and evolutionary biology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Environmental hazard</span> Harmful substance, a condition or an event

Environmental hazards are those hazards that affect biomes or ecosystems. Well known examples include oil spills, water pollution, slash and burn deforestation, air pollution, ground fissures, and build-up of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Physical exposure to environmental hazards is usually involuntary

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to technology:

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ecology:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of thought</span> Overview of and topical guide to thought

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to thought (thinking):

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Branches of science</span> Subdivisions of science defined by their scope

The branches of science, also referred to as sciences, scientificfields or scientific disciplines, are commonly divided into three major groups:

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geology:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of geography</span> Hierarchical outline list of articles related to geography

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to natural science:

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to applied science:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of evolution</span> Overview of and topical guide to change in the heritable characteristics of organisms

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to evolution:

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to fluid dynamics:

References

  1. Wilson, E.O. (1999). "The natural sciences". Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge (Reprint ed.). New York: Vintage. pp.  49–71. ISBN   978-0-679-76867-8.
  2. Heilbron, J.L.; et al. (2003). "Preface". The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. vii–x. ISBN   978-0-19-511229-0. ...modern science is a discovery as well as an invention. It was a discovery that nature generally acts regularly enough to be described by laws and even by mathematics; and required invention to devise the techniques, abstractions, apparatus, and organization for exhibiting the regularities and securing their law-like descriptions.
  3. abiology. (2024, August 18). Wiktionary. Retrieved 20:05, November 21, 2024 from https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=abiology&oldid=81077778.
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  5. "aerodonetics". www.collinsdictionary.com. Collins. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
  6. “Aerolithology.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/aerolithology. Accessed 23 Nov. 2024.
  7. "aeropalynology". www.oxfordreference.com. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
  8. "Archelogy". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  9. "atmology". www.collinsdictionary.com. Collins. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
  10. “Barodynamics.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/barodynamics. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.
  11. Barology, N.” Oxford English Dictionary . Oxford University Press, July 2023.
  12. “Cambistry.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cambistry. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.
  13. "Definition of 'dactyliology'". Collins. Collins English Dictionary . Retrieved September 13, 2024.
  14. "demology". www.collinsdictionary.com. Collins. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
  15. "dosiology". www.collinsdictionary.com. Collins. Retrieved 23 November 2024.
  16. "eidology", The Free Dictionary, retrieved 2020-12-24
  17. “Hypnology.” Merriam-Webster.com Medical Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/hypnology. Accessed 17 Nov. 2024
  18. Necroplanetology: Simulating the Tidal Disruption of Differentiated Planetary Material Orbiting WD 1145+017
  19. "punnology", The Free Dictionary, retrieved 2020-12-24
  20. “Zoophysics.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/zoophysics. Accessed 23 Nov. 2024.
  21. "zygology." Wiktionary. 19 Aug 2024, 06:03 UTC. 23 Nov 2024, 09:00 <https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=zygology&oldid=81318566>.