Lawrence County, Tennessee

Lawrence County
County
Lawrence County Courthouse, January 2015
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Tennessee
Tennessee's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 35°13′N87°23′W / 35.22°N 87.39°W / 35.22; -87.39
Country	United States
State	Tennessee
Founded	1817
Named for	James Lawrence [1]
Seat	Lawrenceburg
Largest city	Lawrenceburg
Area
• Total	618 sq mi (1,600 km2)
• Land	617 sq mi (1,600 km2)
• Water	0.9 sq mi (2 km2)  0.1%
Population  (2020)
• Total	44,159
• Estimate  (2021) [2]	44,828
• Density	71/sq mi (28/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	4th
Website	www.lawrencecountytn.gov

Lawrence County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,159. ^[3] Its county seat and largest city is Lawrenceburg. ^[4] Lawrence County comprises the Lawrenceburg, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN Combined Statistical Area.

History

Created by an act of the Tennessee General Assembly on October 21, 1817, Lawrence County was formed from lands previously part of Hickman and Giles counties. ^[1]

It was named in honor of Captain James Lawrence (1781–1813), ^[1] who while commanding the USS Chesapeake in an 1813 battle with the Royal Navy frigate HMS Shannon, issued his famous command: "Don't give up the ship! Blow her up." His men did anyway and Lawrence died of wounds.

Lawrenceburg was chosen as the county seat in 1819 as it was near the center of the county and because Jackson's Military Road ran just east of the town. In April 1821, the road was redirected through the center of the Lawrenceburg. The military road, the main route from New Orleans, Louisiana, to Nashville, Tennessee, played a significant role in the county's development. ^[1]

An early resident was David Crockett, who served as one of the county's first commissioners and justices of the peace. Crockett lived in the county for several years and ran a water-powered grist mill, powder mill and distillery on Shoal Creek, (originally called the Sycamore River) where David Crockett State Park is now located. ^[5]

In the early 1870s, many German Catholics moved into the area, including skilled tradesmen. ^[6] After the arrival of the railroad in 1883, the county became a major source of iron ore. ^[1]

Between 1908 and 1915, there was an influx of settlers from Alabama. Most were cotton growers or worked in the timber industry. Logging soon declined, since the forests were not replanted after trees were harvested; however, cotton continued to be a major crop until the 1960s. ^[1]

In 1944, Amish people moved to the area and established a community in the north of the county. ^[1] The Old Order Amish community has now become a tourist attraction.

The county has been struck by two killer tornadoes. On May 18, 1995 a F4 tornado struck the county. On April 16, 1998, an F5 tornado hit the county, part of the 1998 Nashville tornado outbreak.

In June 2010, the Tennessee Commission of Indian Affairs gave official recognition to six Native American groups, including the Central Band of Cherokee, also known as the Cherokee of Lawrence County. ^[7] The recognition of these tribes at a state level has stirred much controversy among federally recognized Indian tribes, who claim the recognition by a state is unconstitutional and threatens the status of existing tribes. ^[8]

In July 2017, the Hope Botanical Garden was formed in the Leoma community. ^[9]

Geography

Crockett Falls at David Crockett State Park

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 618 square miles (1,600 km²), of which 617 square miles (1,600 km²) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km²) (0.1%) is water. ^[10]

Major highways

• U.S. Route 43
• U.S. Route 64
• Tennessee State Route 20
• Tennessee State Route 98
• Tennessee State Route 227
• Tennessee State Route 240
• Tennessee State Route 241
• Tennessee State Route 242
• Natchez Trace Parkway

Rail

• Tennessee Southern Railroad

Air

• Lawrenceburg-Lawrence County Airport

Adjacent counties

• Lewis County (north)
• Maury County (northeast)
• Giles County (east)
• Lauderdale County, Alabama (south)
• Wayne County (west)

National protected area

• Natchez Trace Parkway (part)

State protected areas

• David Crockett State Park
• Laurel Hill Wildlife Management Area

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1820	3,271		—
1830	5,411		65.4%
1840	7,121		31.6%
1850	9,280		30.3%
1860	9,320		0.4%
1870	7,601		−18.4%
1880	10,383		36.6%
1890	12,286		18.3%
1900	15,402		25.4%
1910	17,569		14.1%
1920	23,593		34.3%
1930	26,776		13.5%
1940	28,726		7.3%
1950	28,818		0.3%
1960	28,049		−2.7%
1970	29,097		3.7%
1980	34,110		17.2%
1990	35,303		3.5%
2000	39,926		13.1%
2010	41,869		4.9%
2020	44,159		5.5%
2021 (est.)	44,828		1.5%
U.S. Decennial Census [11] 1790-1960 [12] 1900-1990 [13] 1990-2000 [14] 2010-2015 [15] 2020 [3] 2021 [2]

Age pyramid Lawrence County

2020 census

Lawrence County racial composition ^[17]

Race	Number	Percentage
White (non-Hispanic)	40,368	91.42%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	694	1.57%
Native American	92	0.21%
Asian	167	0.38%
Pacific Islander	1	0.0%
Other/Mixed	1,720	3.9%
Hispanic or Latino	1,117	2.53%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 44,159 people, 15,960 households, and 11,028 families residing in the county.

2000 census

As of the census ^[18] of 2000, there were 39,926 people, 15,480 households, and 11,362 families residing in the county. The population density was 65 people per square mile (25 people/km²). There were 16,821 housing units but as of 2010 that had jumped to over 19,000 at an average density of 27 per square mile (10/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.83% White, 1.47% Black or African American, 0.32% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.39% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. 1.00% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 15,480 households, out of which 33.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.10% were married couples living together, 10.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.60% were non-families. 23.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.20% under the age of 18, 8.40% from 18 to 24, 28.10% from 25 to 44, 23.00% from 45 to 64, and 14.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 94.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,498, and the median income for a family was $35,326. Males had a median income of $27,742 versus $20,928 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,848. About 10.70% of families and 14.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.20% of those under age 18 and 16.30% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Lawrence County's chief executive officer is the County Executive. Along with the County Executive, the county has a total of 18 county commissioners which control the county's finances. Every fiscal year the Board must adopt a budget which appropriates funds to the many departments and agencies of the Lawrence County Government; and, at the same time, provides sufficient revenue to meet these appropriations.

The Board of County Commissioners serves as the legislative and policy setting body of Lawrence County. As such, the Board enacts all legislation and authorizes programs and expenditures within Lawrence County. ^[19]

For the term starting in 2014, the officials for Lawrence County are:

• County Executive T.R. Williams (chairman)
• District 1 Wayne Yocom
• District 2 Chris D. Jackson (Chairman Pro-Tempore)
• District 3 Denny Gillespie
• District 4 Brandon Brown
• District 5 Phil Hood
• District 6 Bobby Clifton
• District 7 Aaron Story
• District 8 Mark Niedergeses
• District 9 Ronnie Benefield
• District 10 Delano Benefield
• District 11 Scott Franks
• District 12 Jim Modlin
• District 13 Alanna Harris
• District 14 Nathan Keeton
• District 15 Tammy Wisdom
• District 16 Shane Eaton
• District 17 Bert Spearman
• District 18 Russ Brewer

Politics

In Tennessee, a state defined for nearly a century after the civil war by Republican landslides in the east of the state balanced out by Democratic landslides in the middle and west of the state, ^[20] Lawrence County was a rare swing county. Lawrence only voted for two losers between 1904 and 2004, Charles Evans Hughes in 1916 and Richard Nixon in 1960. Since 2008, the county has rapidly become overwhelmingly Republican, as has most of Tennessee. ^[21] It is also a state bellwether county, having voted for Tennessee's statewide winner in every election since 1928.

United States presidential election results for Lawrence County, Tennessee ^[22]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	15,334	81.92%	3,195	17.07%	189	1.01%
2016	12,420	79.28%	2,821	18.01%	425	2.71%
2012	10,770	70.77%	4,237	27.84%	212	1.39%
2008	10,566	65.96%	5,161	32.22%	293	1.83%
2004	9,959	59.79%	6,592	39.57%	107	0.64%
2000	7,613	52.61%	6,643	45.91%	214	1.48%
1996	6,115	45.77%	6,188	46.32%	1,056	7.90%
1992	5,608	40.45%	6,816	49.16%	1,440	10.39%
1988	6,273	56.09%	4,903	43.84%	7	0.06%
1984	6,034	52.18%	5,458	47.20%	71	0.61%
1980	6,532	48.47%	6,082	45.13%	863	6.40%
1976	4,967	40.75%	7,140	58.57%	83	0.68%
1972	6,438	67.90%	2,824	29.78%	220	2.32%
1968	4,343	41.26%	2,191	20.81%	3,993	37.93%
1964	4,590	45.72%	5,449	54.28%	0	0.00%
1960	5,709	53.66%	4,862	45.70%	68	0.64%
1956	4,588	51.67%	4,227	47.60%	65	0.73%
1952	4,561	51.07%	4,299	48.14%	71	0.79%
1948	3,837	42.24%	4,854	53.43%	393	4.33%
1944	4,359	48.32%	4,662	51.68%	0	0.00%
1940	1,877	32.16%	3,936	67.44%	23	0.39%
1936	3,342	40.94%	4,773	58.46%	49	0.60%
1932	1,684	34.03%	3,240	65.48%	24	0.49%
1928	3,581	56.23%	2,779	43.63%	9	0.14%
1924	2,375	51.45%	2,185	47.34%	56	1.21%
1920	3,843	59.55%	2,610	40.45%	0	0.00%
1916	1,837	50.55%	1,787	49.17%	10	0.28%
1912	878	27.29%	1,504	46.75%	835	25.96%
1908	1726	51.82%	1591	47.76%	14	0.42%
1904	1,359	51.13%	1,299	48.87%	0	0.00%
1900	1,327	47.26%	1,481	52.74%	0	0.00%
1896	1,203	46.52%	1,376	53.21%	7	0.27%

Communities

Lawrenceburg

Loretto

St. Joseph

Cities

• Lawrenceburg (county seat)
• Loretto
• St. Joseph

Town

• Ethridge

Census-designated places

• Iron City (small portion in Wayne County)
• Leoma
• Summertown (small portion in Lewis County and Maury County)
• Westpoint

Unincorporated communities

• Alexander Springs
• Appleton
• Carpenter's Station
• Five Points
• Henryville
• Liberty Grove
• Oak Hill
• Spring Creek

Notable people

• Michael Jeter, actor
• Fred Thompson, former U.S. Senator
• David Weathers, Major League Baseball player
• John Paul White, musician
• Ryan Weathers, Major League Baseball player

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Lawrence County, Tennessee

References

1. Kathy Niedergeses, "Lawrence County," Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved: October 21, 2013.
2. "QuickFacts: Lawrence County, Tennessee". Census.gov. Retrieved August 31, 2022.
3. 2020 Population and Housing State Data | Tennessee
4. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
5. "David Crockett State Park". Tennessee State Parks. Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. Archived from the original on July 9, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
6. National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form: German Catholic Churches and Cemeteries of Lawrence County, 1984
7. Tom Humphrey, "State grants six Indian tribes recognition: Cherokee Nation may try to have action by Indian Affairs voided", Knoxville News Sentinel, June 21, 2010, accessed June 30, 2010
8. Clay Carey, "Battle grows bitter as Tennessee recognizes new Indian tribes", "USA TODAY", July 9, 2010, accessed July 13, 2010
9. Hope Botanical Garden, Hope Botanical Garden official website, Accessed: December 1, 2018.
10. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
11. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
12. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
13. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
14. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
15. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
16. Based on 2000 census data
17. "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 25, 2021.
18. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved May 14, 2011.
19. "Lawrence County, Tennessee Board of County Commissioners". lawrencecountytn.gov. Archived from the original on December 28, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
20. "Tennessee - Tennessee since the mid-20th century | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
21. "County Project (WIP)". Google Docs. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
22. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 11, 2018.

External links

• Official site
• Lawrence County at Curlie
• Lawrence County Archives
• Lawrence County at TNGenWeb

35°13′N87°23′W / 35.22°N 87.39°W / 35.22; -87.39