1916 United States presidential election in Tennessee

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1916 United States presidential election in Tennessee
Flag of Tennessee.svg
  1912 November 7, 1916 1920  

All 12 Tennessee votes to the Electoral College
  Thomas Woodrow Wilson, Harris & Ewing bw photo portrait, 1919 (cropped 3x4).jpg Governor Charles Evans Hughes (cropped).jpg
Nominee Woodrow Wilson Charles Evans Hughes
Party Democratic Republican
Home state New Jersey New York
Running mate Thomas R. Marshall Charles W. Fairbanks
Electoral vote120
Popular vote153,280116,223
Percentage56.31%42.70%

Tennessee Presidential Election Results 1916.svg
County results

President before election

Woodrow Wilson
Democratic

Elected President

Woodrow Wilson
Democratic

The 1916 United States presidential election in Tennessee was held on November 7, 1916. Tennessee voters chose twelve representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Contents

For over a century after the Civil War, Tennessee was divided according to political loyalties established in that war. Unionist regions covering almost all of East Tennessee, Kentucky Pennyroyal-allied Macon County, and the five West Tennessee Highland Rim counties of Carroll, Henderson, McNairy, Hardin and Wayne [1] voted Republican – generally by landslide margins – as they saw the Democratic Party as the “war party” who had forced them into a war they did not wish to fight. [2] Contrariwise, the rest of Middle and West Tennessee who had supported and driven the state’s secession was equally fiercely Democratic as it associated the Republicans with Reconstruction. [3] After the disfranchisement of the state’s African-American population by a poll tax was largely complete in the 1890s, [4] the Democratic Party was certain of winning statewide elections if united, [5] although unlike the Deep South Republicans would almost always gain thirty to forty percent of the statewide vote from mountain and Highland Rim support.

In the early 1910s, the state Democratic Party was divided over the issue of prohibition. One faction, known as the “Independent Democrats,” wanted the state's Four Mile Law (which banned the sale of liquor within four miles of any school) to apply statewide, while the other faction, known as the “Regular Democrats,” wanted the state's larger cities to be exempt from this law. In 1910, the Independent Democrats fled the party and formed a coalition, known as the “Fusionists,” with Republicans, helping to elect Governor Ben W. Hooper, [6] although the Republicans did not gain at other levels. With the divisions within the Democratic Party temporarily healed in 1914, the major state issue was the control of Memphis political boss E. H. Crump, who had been arrested and ousted from power for violating state prohibition laws. [7]

Although Tennessee had not voted for a Republican presidential candidate since 1868, Republican nominee Charles Evans Hughes did visit the state – becoming the first Republican nominee to ever visit Nashville – during the first week of September. [8] Democratic incumbent Woodrow Wilson did not visit the state.

No polls were taken in Tennessee until the end of October, when President Wilson was given a clear lead, which led Hughes to concede the state. [9] Later polls early in November confirmed this view, [10] giving Wilson a five-to-four lead over the whole state. As it turned out, Wilson won by more than the poll had suggested, and improved by six points upon the margins achieved by Alton B. Parker in 1904 and William Jennings Bryan in 1908.

Results

Presidential Candidate Running Mate PartyElectoral Vote (EV)Popular Vote (PV)
Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey Thomas R. Marshall Democratic 12 [11] 153,28056.31%
Charles Evans Hughes Charles W. Fairbanks Republican 0116,22342.70%
Allan L. Benson George R. Kirkpatrick Socialist 02,5420.93%
Frank Hanly Ira Landrith Prohibition 01450.05%

Results by county

1916 United States presidential election in Tennessee by county
CountyThomas Woodrow Wilson
Democratic
Charles Evans Hughes
Republican
Allan Louis Benson
Socialist
James Franklin Hanly
Prohibition
MarginTotal votes cast
# %# %# %# %# %
Anderson 53723.49%1,73075.68%190.83%00.00%-1,193-52.19%2,286
Bedford 2,57866.05%1,32433.92%00.00%10.03%1,25432.13%3,903
Benton 1,31361.30%80537.58%241.12%00.00%50823.72%2,142
Bledsoe 42338.32%68161.68%00.00%00.00%-258-23.37%1,104
Blount 1,01529.03%2,46270.42%10.03%180.51%-1,447-41.39%3,496
Bradley 78434.24%1,48264.72%180.79%60.26%-698-30.48%2,290
Campbell 48522.04%1,67075.87%462.09%00.00%-1,185-53.84%2,201
Cannon 93667.24%45632.76%00.00%00.00%48034.48%1,392
Carroll 2,00146.98%2,21752.05%400.94%10.02%-216-5.07%4,259
Carter 49814.40%2,96185.60%00.00%00.00%-2,463-71.21%3,459
Cheatham 1,11771.51%43928.10%60.38%00.00%67843.41%1,562
Chester 86255.65%64541.64%422.71%00.00%21714.01%1,549
Claiborne 1,05342.63%1,39856.60%190.77%00.00%-345-13.97%2,470
Clay 68953.62%57844.98%171.32%10.08%1118.64%1,285
Cocke 59528.52%1,47870.85%130.62%00.00%-883-42.33%2,086
Coffee 1,83778.30%48920.84%200.85%00.00%1,34857.46%2,346
Crockett 1,60858.43%1,14441.57%00.00%00.00%46416.86%2,752
Cumberland 42831.59%92468.19%30.22%00.00%-496-36.61%1,355
Davidson 8,95872.71%3,16825.71%1941.57%00.00%5,79047.00%12,320
Decatur 88749.36%89349.69%170.95%00.00%-6-0.33%1,797
DeKalb 1,40750.98%1,34348.66%100.36%00.00%642.32%2,760
Dickson 2,10566.74%1,00831.96%401.27%10.03%1,09734.78%3,154
Dyer 1,99780.14%45918.42%361.44%00.00%1,53861.72%2,492
Fayette 1,81293.89%1166.01%20.10%00.00%1,69687.88%1,930
Fentress 34826.36%92570.08%443.33%30.23%-577-43.71%1,320
Franklin 2,46976.32%71121.98%551.70%00.00%1,75854.34%3,235
Gibson 3,60971.13%1,44328.44%220.43%00.00%2,16642.69%5,074
Giles 3,20768.22%1,48831.65%50.11%10.02%1,71936.57%4,701
Grainger 84335.49%1,52964.38%00.00%30.13%-686-28.88%2,375
Greene 2,25442.46%3,05557.54%00.00%00.00%-801-15.09%5,309
Grundy 73663.56%31927.55%1038.89%00.00%41736.01%1,158
Hamblen 74147.29%79550.73%311.98%00.00%-54-3.45%1,567
Hamilton 5,82854.17%4,69743.66%1561.45%780.72%1,13110.51%10,759
Hancock 38623.90%1,22976.10%00.00%00.00%-843-52.20%1,615
Hardeman 1,72477.80%48521.89%70.32%00.00%1,23955.91%2,216
Hardin 97934.96%1,81164.68%100.36%00.00%-832-29.71%2,800
Hawkins 1,14239.42%1,73960.03%160.55%00.00%-597-20.61%2,897
Haywood 1,67795.88%613.49%110.63%00.00%1,61692.40%1,749
Henderson 97940.74%1,38757.72%371.54%00.00%-408-16.98%2,403
Henry 2,98867.19%1,39331.32%601.35%60.13%1,59535.87%4,447
Hickman 1,47958.46%1,02640.55%250.99%00.00%45317.91%2,530
Houston 62771.49%20723.60%424.79%10.11%42047.89%877
Humphreys 1,14871.00%45227.95%171.05%00.00%69643.04%1,617
Jackson 1,50667.05%74032.95%00.00%00.00%76634.11%2,246
James 23027.51%60672.49%00.00%00.00%-376-44.98%836
Jefferson 52023.93%1,64875.84%50.23%00.00%-1,128-51.91%2,173
Johnson 26312.67%1,81287.33%00.00%00.00%-1,549-74.65%2,075
Knox 4,21441.68%5,79157.27%1061.05%00.00%-1,577-15.60%10,111
Lake 72783.66%13014.96%121.38%00.00%59768.70%869
Lauderdale 1,57274.64%53225.26%20.09%00.00%1,04049.38%2,106
Lawrence 1,78749.17%1,83750.55%100.28%00.00%-50-1.38%3,634
Lewis 38747.96%41451.30%60.74%00.00%-27-3.35%807
Lincoln 2,79183.14%55216.44%100.30%40.12%2,23966.70%3,357
Loudon 42337.63%69862.10%30.27%00.00%-275-24.47%1,124
Macon 98037.98%1,60062.02%00.00%00.00%-620-24.03%2,580
Madison 2,65967.78%1,19430.44%701.78%00.00%1,46537.34%3,923
Marion 1,15543.73%1,43254.22%542.04%00.00%-277-10.49%2,641
Marshall 1,65277.41%46121.60%210.98%00.00%1,19155.81%2,134
Maury 2,16974.13%72024.61%371.26%00.00%1,44949.52%2,926
McMinn 1,08838.66%1,72661.34%00.00%00.00%-638-22.67%2,814
McNairy 1,46147.47%1,61652.50%10.03%00.00%-155-5.04%3,078
Meigs 54147.04%60852.87%10.09%00.00%-67-5.83%1,150
Monroe 1,26346.08%1,45953.23%190.69%00.00%-196-7.15%2,741
Montgomery 1,97665.45%99132.83%521.72%00.00%98532.63%3,019
Moore 72291.05%718.95%00.00%00.00%65182.09%793
Morgan 56330.14%1,26567.72%402.14%00.00%-702-37.58%1,868
Obion 3,17083.64%59115.59%290.77%00.00%2,57968.05%3,790
Overton 1,51258.40%1,03039.78%471.82%00.00%48218.62%2,589
Perry 66357.60%48341.96%50.43%00.00%18015.64%1,151
Pickett 41845.48%50154.52%00.00%00.00%-83-9.03%919
Polk 76745.90%88753.08%171.02%00.00%-120-7.18%1,671
Putnam 2,30062.38%1,38337.51%20.05%20.05%91724.87%3,687
Rhea 66145.27%76852.60%312.12%00.00%-107-7.33%1,460
Roane 66732.16%1,34164.66%663.18%00.00%-674-32.50%2,074
Robertson 2,10672.05%73325.08%822.81%20.07%1,37346.97%2,923
Rutherford 2,94172.49%1,11627.51%00.00%00.00%1,82544.98%4,057
Scott 20611.40%1,48682.24%1015.59%140.77%-1,280-70.84%1,807
Sequatchie 33557.86%23841.11%61.04%00.00%9716.75%579
Sevier 3019.59%2,83790.38%10.03%00.00%-2,536-80.79%3,139
Shelby 10,96769.92%4,51528.79%2021.29%00.00%6,45241.14%15,684
Smith 2,19669.96%94129.98%00.00%20.06%1,25539.98%3,139
Stewart 1,71173.12%59125.26%381.62%00.00%1,12047.86%2,340
Sullivan 2,60159.33%1,77640.51%70.16%00.00%82518.82%4,384
Sumner 2,48778.33%61219.28%762.39%00.00%1,87559.06%3,175
Tipton 2,03585.47%28111.80%652.73%00.00%1,75473.67%2,381
Trousdale 68876.02%21723.98%00.00%00.00%47152.04%905
Unicoi 22619.04%96180.96%00.00%00.00%-735-61.92%1,187
Union 38920.65%1,49079.09%40.21%10.05%-1,101-58.44%1,884
Van Buren 40571.30%15126.58%122.11%00.00%25444.72%568
Warren 1,85574.26%62424.98%190.76%00.00%1,23149.28%2,498
Washington 1,83140.14%2,72359.69%80.18%00.00%-892-19.55%4,562
Wayne 51723.94%1,62675.28%170.79%00.00%-1,109-51.34%2,160
Weakley 3,60967.04%1,76832.84%60.11%00.00%1,84134.20%5,383
White 1,40769.38%58728.94%341.68%00.00%82040.43%2,028
Williamson 2,03676.95%60022.68%100.38%00.00%1,43654.27%2,646
Wilson 2,53575.09%84124.91%00.00%00.00%1,69450.18%3,376
Totals153,28056.31%116,22342.70%2,5420.93%1450.05%37,05713.61%272,190

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References

  1. Wright, John K. (October 1932). "Voting Habits in the United States: A Note on Two Maps". Geographical Review. 22 (4): 666–672. Bibcode:1932GeoRv..22..666W. doi:10.2307/208821. JSTOR   208821.
  2. Key (Jr.), Valdimer Orlando; Southern Politics in State and Nation (New York, 1949), pp. 282-283
  3. Lyons, William; Scheb (II), John M.; Stair, Billy (2001). Government and Politics in Tennessee. Univ. of Tennessee Press. pp. 183–184. ISBN   1572331410.
  4. Phillips, Kevin P.; The Emerging Republican Majority, pp. 208, 210 ISBN   9780691163246
  5. Grantham, Dewey W. (Fall 1995). "Tennessee and Twentieth-Century American Politics". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 54 (3): 210–229.
  6. Langsdon, Phillip (2000). Tennessee: A Political History. Franklin, Tennessee: Hillsboro Press. pp. 287–295.
  7. Gritter, Elizabeth; ‘Black politics in the age of Jim Crow: Memphis, Tennessee, 1865 to 1954’ (thesis number 3418536), p. 49. Published 2010 by The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  8. "Hughes Wins Audience of Wilson Democrats In Tennessee's Capital: Large Crowds Begin by Heckling Republican Leader and End by Giving Him Rounds of Applause for His Fearless Utterances of Opinion and Policy". San Francisco Chronicle . September 5, 1916. p. 1.
  9. "Wilson Retains Lead in Kentucky and Tennessee". The Washington Post . October 29, 1916. p. 16.
  10. "Still Uncertain in Many States: Presidential Contest Close to Very End of Straw Vote". Boston Daily Globe . November 5, 1916. p. 58.
  11. "1916 Presidential General Election Results – Tennessee". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.