1916 United States presidential election in Virginia

Last updated
1916 United States presidential election in Virginia
Flag of Virginia (1861).svg
  1912 November 7, 1916 1920  
  Thomas Woodrow Wilson, Harris & Ewing bw photo portrait, 1919 (cropped 3x4).jpg Governor Charles Evans Hughes (cropped).jpg
Nominee Woodrow Wilson Charles Evans Hughes
Party Democratic Republican
Home state New Jersey New York
Running mate Thomas R. Marshall Charles W. Fairbanks
Electoral vote120
Popular vote102,82449,356
Percentage66.77%32.05%

Virginia Presidential Election Results 1916.svg
County Results

President before election

Woodrow Wilson
Democratic

Elected President

Woodrow Wilson
Democratic

The 1916 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 7, 1916. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Contents

The 1900s had seen Virginia, like all former Confederate States, almost completely disenfranchise its black and poor white populations through the use of a cumulative poll tax and literacy tests. [1] So severe was the disenfranchising effect of the new 1902 Constitution that the electorate for the 1904 presidential election was halved compared to that of previous elections, and it has been calculated that a third of those who voted were state employees and officeholders. [1]

This limited electorate meant Virginian politics was controlled by political machines based in Southside Virginia — firstly one led by Thomas Staples Martin and after he died the Byrd Organization. Progressive “antiorganization” factions were rendered impotent by the inability of almost all of their potential electorate to vote. [2] Unlike the Deep South, historical fusion with the “Readjuster” Democrats, [3] defection of substantial proportions of the Northeast-aligned white electorate of the Shenandoah Valley and Southwest Virginia over free silver, [4] and an early move towards a “lily white” Jim Crow party [3] meant that in general elections the Republicans retained around one-third of the small statewide electorate, [5] with the majority of GOP support located in the western part of the state. However, in many parts of the state — like in Tennessee during the same period — the parties avoided competition by an agreed division over local offices. [2]

Unlike in 1908, neither major party campaigned in the state — which had voted Democratic in every election since 1876 — during the fall. A straw ballot taken early in September saw Democratic nominee and incumbent President Woodrow Wilson gaining seventy-nine votes to the Republican nominee, former U.S. Supreme Court Justice Charles E. Hughes’ six. [6] Later straw polls in October did not even include the state, and ultimate Virginia voted for Wilson by a slightly greater majority than he had won four years previously. Wilson ultimately won the national election with 49.24 percent of the vote.

Results

1916 United States presidential election in Virginia [7]
PartyCandidateVotesPercentageElectoral votes
Democratic Woodrow Wilson (inc.)102,82466.77%12
Republican Charles E. Hughes 49,35632.05%0
Socialist Allan L. Benson 1,0620.69%0
Prohibition Frank Hanly 6830.45%0
Socialist Labor Arthur E. Reimer 670.04%0
Totals153,992100.00%12

Results by county

1916 United States presidential election in Virginia by counties and independent cities [8]
County or Independent CityThomas Woodrow Wilson
Democratic
Charles Evans Hughes
Republican
Allan Louis Benson
Socialist
James Franklin Hanly
Prohibition
Arthur Elmer Reimer
Socialist Labor
MarginTotal votes cast
# %# %# %# %# %# %
Accomack County 1,74584.30%29914.44%00.00%261.26%00.00%1,44669.86%2,070
Albemarle County 1,37686.05%22313.95%00.00%00.00%00.00%1,15372.11%1,599
Alexandria County 51554.21%41243.37%141.47%80.84%10.11%10310.84%950
Alleghany County 54454.78%43243.50%30.30%141.41%00.00%11211.28%993
Amelia County 40382.58%8016.39%10.20%30.61%10.20%32366.19%488
Amherst County 1,14291.58%937.46%100.80%10.08%10.08%1,04984.12%1,247
Appomattox County 70083.73%13315.91%20.24%00.00%10.12%56767.82%836
Augusta County 1,75166.23%84531.96%80.30%401.51%00.00%90634.27%2,644
Bath County 38763.24%21935.78%00.00%60.98%00.00%16827.45%612
Bedford County 1,62884.05%29815.38%70.36%40.21%00.00%1,33068.66%1,937
Bland County 35645.64%42053.85%00.00%40.51%00.00%-64-8.21%780
Botetourt County 90053.22%77545.83%20.12%130.77%10.06%1257.39%1,691
Brunswick County 77290.40%829.60%00.00%00.00%00.00%69080.80%854
Buchanan County 72046.33%82753.22%10.06%30.19%30.19%-107-6.89%1,554
Buckingham County 62576.78%18122.24%70.86%10.12%00.00%44454.55%814
Campbell County 1,00779.60%18514.62%675.30%60.47%00.00%82264.98%1,265
Caroline County 63775.83%19823.57%00.00%40.48%10.12%43952.26%840
Carroll County 85837.60%1,42462.40%00.00%00.00%00.00%-566-24.80%2,282
Charles City County 13970.56%5728.93%00.00%10.51%00.00%8241.62%197
Charlotte County 85678.39%22720.79%90.82%00.00%00.00%62957.60%1,092
Chesterfield County 69981.47%14116.43%101.17%80.93%00.00%55865.03%858
Clarke County 59092.19%497.66%00.00%10.16%00.00%54184.53%640
Craig County 36964.62%20035.03%20.35%00.00%00.00%16929.60%571
Culpeper County 84981.79%18417.73%10.10%40.39%00.00%66564.07%1,038
Cumberland County 44685.93%7314.07%00.00%00.00%00.00%37371.87%519
Dickenson County 65045.42%75352.62%271.89%10.07%00.00%-103-7.20%1,431
Dinwiddie County 59287.32%8512.54%00.00%10.15%00.00%50774.78%678
Elizabeth City County 41173.39%13223.57%101.79%50.89%20.36%27949.82%560
Essex County 30279.68%7720.32%00.00%00.00%00.00%22559.37%379
Fairfax County 1,17970.77%47228.33%50.30%100.60%00.00%70742.44%1,666
Fauquier County 1,20476.49%36723.32%20.13%10.06%00.00%83753.18%1,574
Floyd County [lower-alpha 1] 47234.58%89365.42%00.00%00.00%00.00%-421-30.84%1,365
Fluvanna County [lower-alpha 1] 51386.36%8113.64%00.00%00.00%00.00%43272.73%594
Franklin County 1,48157.36%1,09442.37%60.23%10.04%00.00%38714.99%2,582
Frederick County 1,19475.52%36623.15%110.70%100.63%00.00%82852.37%1,581
Giles County 83958.26%59641.39%20.14%20.14%10.07%24316.88%1,440
Gloucester County 58280.17%14219.56%00.00%00.00%20.28%44060.61%726
Goochland County 41367.59%19331.59%50.82%00.00%00.00%22036.01%611
Grayson County 96743.66%1,24456.16%20.09%10.05%10.05%-277-12.51%2,215
Greene County 22148.04%23951.96%00.00%00.00%00.00%-18-3.91%460
Greensville County 39283.40%7616.17%00.00%20.43%00.00%31667.23%470
Halifax County 1,78177.74%49321.52%150.65%20.09%00.00%1,28856.22%2,291
Hanover County 76086.96%10211.67%70.80%50.57%00.00%65875.29%874
Henrico County 69081.18%14016.47%151.76%10.12%40.47%55064.71%850
Henry County 85159.55%56739.68%60.42%50.35%00.00%28419.87%1,429
Highland County 37054.17%31045.39%00.00%30.44%00.00%608.78%683
Isle of Wight County 67982.80%14017.07%00.00%10.12%00.00%53965.73%820
James City County 12777.91%3420.86%00.00%21.23%00.00%9357.06%163
King and Queen County 27168.09%12731.91%00.00%00.00%00.00%14436.18%398
King George County 22350.34%21748.98%10.23%20.45%00.00%61.35%443
King William County 34274.19%11925.81%00.00%00.00%00.00%22348.37%461
Lancaster County 46188.31%5811.11%00.00%30.57%00.00%40377.20%522
Lee County 1,28744.86%1,56954.69%110.38%10.03%10.03%-282-9.83%2,869
Loudoun County 1,49077.52%40421.02%20.10%261.35%00.00%1,08656.50%1,922
Louisa County 71072.08%26326.70%80.81%40.41%00.00%44745.38%985
Lunenburg County 81486.87%11011.74%121.28%00.00%10.11%70475.13%937
Madison County 57261.64%34837.50%00.00%70.75%10.11%22424.14%928
Mathews County 54983.94%9013.76%00.00%152.29%00.00%45970.18%654
Mecklenburg County 1,31785.30%22214.38%00.00%50.32%00.00%1,09570.92%1,544
Middlesex County 37370.64%15529.36%00.00%00.00%00.00%21841.29%528
Montgomery County 76545.89%89153.45%10.06%100.60%00.00%-126-7.56%1,667
Nansemond County 66390.45%709.55%00.00%00.00%00.00%59380.90%733
Nelson County 1,06381.02%24918.98%00.00%00.00%00.00%81462.04%1,312
New Kent County 19272.73%6926.14%10.38%20.76%00.00%12346.59%264
Norfolk County 1,61268.98%68429.27%190.81%80.34%140.60%92839.71%2,337
Northampton County 80287.17%10911.85%00.00%90.98%00.00%69375.33%920
Northumberland County 50381.52%11117.99%00.00%30.49%00.00%39263.53%617
Nottoway County 60885.88%9112.85%40.56%50.71%00.00%51773.02%708
Orange County 60879.58%15320.03%10.13%10.13%10.13%45559.55%764
Page County 84257.01%61341.50%40.27%171.15%10.07%22915.50%1,477
Patrick County 87251.60%81548.22%10.06%20.12%00.00%573.37%1,690
Pittsylvania County 2,01270.52%80128.08%301.05%100.35%00.00%1,21142.45%2,853
Powhatan County 23367.34%11232.37%10.29%00.00%00.00%12134.97%346
Prince Edward County 66886.08%10813.92%00.00%00.00%00.00%56072.16%776
Prince George County 25877.95%7221.75%10.30%00.00%00.00%18656.19%331
Prince William County 75479.37%19220.21%20.21%20.21%00.00%56259.16%950
Princess Anne County 51588.34%6711.49%00.00%10.17%00.00%44876.84%583
Pulaski County 1,05756.71%72138.68%00.00%864.61%00.00%33618.03%1,864
Rappahannock County 40181.50%8417.07%71.42%00.00%00.00%31764.43%492
Richmond County 32964.64%18035.36%00.00%00.00%00.00%14929.27%509
Roanoke County 85063.24%46034.23%261.93%80.60%00.00%39029.02%1,344
Rockbridge County 1,04963.15%60136.18%60.36%50.30%00.00%44826.97%1,661
Rockingham County 1,65054.78%1,32243.89%150.50%250.83%00.00%32810.89%3,012
Russell County 1,57052.49%1,41047.14%40.13%40.13%30.10%1605.35%2,991
Scott County 1,31942.87%1,74356.65%130.42%10.03%10.03%-424-13.78%3,077
Shenandoah County 1,44049.21%1,42548.70%371.26%240.82%00.00%150.51%2,926
Smyth County 1,13446.04%1,32153.63%50.20%20.08%10.04%-187-7.59%2,463
Southampton County 1,04589.09%12810.91%00.00%00.00%00.00%91778.18%1,173
Spotsylvania County 39861.33%24938.37%00.00%20.31%00.00%14922.96%649
Stafford County 44451.15%42248.62%00.00%20.23%00.00%222.53%868
Surry County 43081.59%9017.08%40.76%30.57%00.00%34064.52%527
Sussex County 48682.79%9616.35%20.34%30.51%00.00%39066.44%587
Tazewell County 1,10840.74%1,59158.49%110.40%100.37%00.00%-483-17.76%2,720
Warren County 58372.24%21426.52%00.00%101.24%00.00%36945.72%807
Warwick County 9764.67%5335.33%00.00%00.00%00.00%4429.33%150
Washington County 1,86351.91%1,71747.84%20.06%70.20%00.00%1464.07%3,589
Westmoreland County 33872.69%12627.10%10.22%00.00%00.00%21245.59%465
Wise County 1,46843.63%1,86255.33%330.98%10.03%10.03%-394-11.71%3,365
Wythe County 1,33449.23%1,37050.55%20.07%20.07%20.07%-36-1.33%2,710
York County 24782.89%5117.11%00.00%00.00%00.00%19665.77%298
Alexandria City 1,03873.51%36425.78%60.42%30.00%10.07%67447.73%1,412
Bristol City 48972.23%18427.18%30.44%10.60%00.00%30545.05%677
Buena Vista City 15862.70%9236.51%00.00%20.30%00.00%6626.19%252
Charlottesville City 61883.63%11715.83%30.41%10.83%00.00%50167.79%739
Clifton Forge City 45574.35%10416.99%487.84%50.13%00.00%35157.35%612
Danville City 1,15176.99%22915.32%1077.16%70.03%10.07%92261.67%1,495
Fredericksburg City 38068.59%17331.23%00.00%10.82%00.00%20737.36%554
Hampton City 35085.37%5613.66%30.73%10.08%00.00%29471.71%410
Harrisonburg City 34651.64%31947.61%40.60%10.00%00.00%274.03%670
Hopewell City 2485.71%310.71%13.57%00.31%00.00%2175.00%28
Lynchburg City 1,46579.53%35319.16%160.87%80.23%00.00%1,11260.37%1,842
Newport News City 93964.10%46531.74%523.55%50.57%40.27%47432.35%1,465
Norfolk City 3,23475.35%96322.44%721.68%230.51%00.00%2,27152.91%4,292
Petersburg City 1,15587.04%16112.13%30.23%70.37%10.08%99474.91%1,327
Portsmouth City 1,36875.54%37620.76%522.87%131.24%20.11%99254.78%1,811
Radford City 20663.00%11535.17%51.53%10.00%00.00%9127.83%327
Richmond City 6,98784.15%1,21014.57%760.92%240.20%60.07%5,77769.58%8,303
Roanoke City 2,24676.14%61020.68%782.64%100.00%60.20%1,63655.46%2,950
Staunton City 51161.34%31137.33%00.00%110.03%00.00%20024.01%833
Suffolk City 43772.35%15826.16%10.17%80.07%00.00%27946.19%604
Williamsburg City 9782.20%2117.80%00.00%00.00%00.00%7664.41%118
Winchester City 46868.42%19628.65%20.29%182.63%00.00%27239.77%684
Totals102,82566.78%49,35832.05%1,0620.69%6830.44%670.04%53,46734.72%153,984

Notes

  1. 1 2 These figures are taken from the World Almanac, because the Report of the Secretary of the Commonwealth did not provide (or lost) the returns for this county.

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References

  1. 1 2 Kousser, J. Morgan. The Shaping of Southern Politics: Suffrage Restriction and the Establishment of the One-Party South, 1880-1910. Yale University Press. pp. 178–181. ISBN   0-300-01696-4.
  2. 1 2 Key, Valdimer Orlando (1949). Southern Politics in State and Nation. pp. 20–25.
  3. 1 2 Heersink, Boris; Jenkins, Jeffrey A. Republican Party Politics and the American South, 1865-1968. pp. 217–221. ISBN   1107158435.
  4. Moger, Allen. "The Rift in Virginia Democracy in 1896". The Journal of Southern History . 4 (3): 295–317.
  5. Phillips, Kevin P.; The Emerging Republican Majority, pp. 210, 242 ISBN   978-0-691-16324-6
  6. "Will Win Without Vote of Solid South". The Carson City Daily Appeal. Carson City, Nevada. September 6, 1916. p. 2.
  7. "1916 Presidential General Election Results — Virginia". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.
  8. Robinson, Edgar Eugene; The Presidential Vote 1896-1932, pp. 354-361 ISBN   9780804716963