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| Elections in Virginia |
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The 1860 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 6, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. Voters chose 15 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
Archibald Campbell and John Curtiss Underwood attempted to have the Republican National Convention held in Wheeling, Virginia. Many national Republicans supported the idea, including chair Edwin D. Morgan. However, the hostile reaction to the Republican Party by the south after John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry resulted in the committee choosing to host the convention in Chicago. [1]
1,500 people attended the Republican Party of Virginia's state convention in Wheeling on May 2, 1860. The party's delegation to the national convention was the sixth-largest there, despite a credentials challenge against the entire south by opponents of William H. Seward. The initially pro-Seward Virginia delegation gave a majority of its votes to Abraham Lincoln on the first ballot. The delegation supported Cassius Marcellus Clay for the vice presidential nomination. [2]
Four companies of Wide Awakes totaling 350 men were formed during the campaign. [3] Almost all of Lincoln's support came from around Wheeling [4] and his best county was Ohio County. [3]
| 1860 United States presidential election in Virginia [5] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |
| Constitutional Union | John Bell | 74,481 | 44.63% | 15 | |
| Southern Democratic | John C. Breckinridge | 74,325 | 44.54% | 0 | |
| Democratic | Stephen A. Douglas | 16,198 | 9.71% | 0 | |
| Republican | Abraham Lincoln | 1,887 | 1.13% | 0 | |
| Totals | 166,891 | 100.0% | 15 | ||
| County | John Bell Constitutional Union | John C. Breckinridge Southern Democratic | Stephen A. Douglas Democratic | Abraham Lincoln Republican | Total Votes Cast [6] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Accomack | 736 | 47.39% | 737 | 47.46% | 80 | 5.15% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,553 |
| Albemarle | 1,317 | 53.32% | 1,056 | 42.75% | 97 | 3.93% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,470 |
| Alexandria | 1,012 | 58.36% | 565 | 32.58% | 141 | 8.13% | 16 | 0.92% | 1,734 |
| Alleghany | 250 | 39.62% | 344 | 54.52% | 37 | 5.86% | 0 | 0.00% | 631 |
| Amelia | 282 | 50.09% | 249 | 44.23% | 32 | 5.68% | 0 | 0.00% | 563 |
| Amherst | 622 | 42.72% | 808 | 55.49% | 26 | 1.79% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,456 |
| Appomattox | 221 | 27.83% | 563 | 70.91% | 10 | 1.26% | 0 | 0.00% | 794 |
| Augusta | 2,553 | 66.05% | 218 | 5.64% | 1,094 | 28.31% | 0 | 0.00% | 3,865 |
| Barbour | 422 | 30.71% | 910 | 66.23% | 39 | 2.84% | 3 | 0.22% | 1,374 |
| Bath | 220 | 45.32% | 163 | 40.25% | 22 | 5.43% | 0 | 0.00% | 405 |
| Bedford | 1,468 | 56.55% | 1,037 | 39.95% | 91 | 3.50% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,596 |
| Berkeley | 913 | 49.38% | 830 | 44.89% | 106 | 5.73% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,849 |
| Boone | 121 | 34.67% | 204 | 58.45% | 24 | 6.88% | 0 | 0.00% | 349 |
| Botetourt | 590 | 43.61% | 589 | 43.53% | 174 | 12.86% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,353 |
| Braxton | 274 | 50.09% | 227 | 41.50% | 46 | 8.41% | 0 | 0.00% | 547 |
| Brooke | 173 | 19.84% | 450 | 51.61% | 76 | 8.72% | 173 | 19.84% | 872 |
| Brunswick | 308 | 32.90% | 444 | 46.28% | 187 | 19.91% | 0 | 0.00% | 939 |
| Buchanan | 14 | 8.38% | 134 | 80.24% | 19 | 11.38% | 0 | 0.00% | 167 |
| Buckingham | 545 | 50.00% | 523 | 47.98% | 22 | 2.02% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,090 |
| Cabell | 316 | 35.59% | 161 | 18.13% | 407 | 45.83% | 4 | 0.45% | 888 |
| Calhoun | 19 | 6.23% | 285 | 93.44% | 1 | 0.32% | 0 | 0.00% | 305 |
| Campbell | 1,521 | 52.90% | 1,208 | 42.02% | 146 | 5.08% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,875 |
| Caroline | 561 | 41.52% | 772 | 57.14% | 18 | 1.33% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,351 |
| Carroll | 315 | 29.86% | 729 | 69.10% | 11 | 1.04% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,055 |
| Charles City | 224 | 65.12% | 111 | 32.26% | 9 | 2.62% | 0 | 0.00% | 344 |
| Charlotte | 418 | 46.04% | 465 | 51.21% | 25 | 2.75% | 0 | 0.00% | 908 |
| Chesterfield | 788 | 46.24% | 328 | 19.25% | 588 | 34.51% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,704 |
| Clarke | 288 | 42.86% | 335 | 49.85% | 49 | 7.29% | 0 | 0.00% | 672 |
| Clay | 119 | 76.28% | 37 | 23.72% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 156 |
| Craig | 112 | 25.69% | 322 | 73.85% | 2 | 0.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 436 |
| Culpeper | 526 | 49.16% | 525 | 49.07% | 19 | 1.78% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,070 |
| Cumberland | 278 | 47.04% | 276 | 46.70% | 37 | 6.26% | 0 | 0.00% | 591 |
| Dinwiddie | 389 | 47.09% | 254 | 30.75% | 183 | 22.16% | 0 | 0.00% | 826 |
| Doddridge | 143 | 24.20% | 356 | 60.24% | 91 | 15.40% | 1 | 0.16% | 591 |
| Elizabeth City | 248 | 56.88% | 164 | 37.61% | 24 | 5.51% | 0 | 0.00% | 436 |
| Essex | 279 | 47.21% | 308 | 52.11% | 4 | 0.68% | 0 | 0.00% | 591 |
| Fairfax | 691 | 47.10% | 685 | 46.69% | 91 | 6.20% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,491 |
| Fauquier | 989 | 48.13% | 1,027 | 49.98% | 39 | 1.90% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,056 |
| Fayette | 381 | 55.46% | 241 | 35.08% | 65 | 9.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 687 |
| Floyd | 384 | 46.83% | 400 | 48.78% | 36 | 4.39% | 0 | 0.00% | 820 |
| Fluvanna | 487 | 51.97% | 443 | 47.28% | 7 | 0.72% | 0 | 0.00% | 937 |
| Franklin | 863 | 41.65% | 1,076 | 51.93% | 133 | 6.42% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,072 |
| Frederick | 963 | 41.08% | 1,315 | 56.10% | 66 | 2.82% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,344 |
| Giles | 366 | 54.46% | 244 | 36.31% | 62 | 9.23% | 0 | 0.00% | 672 |
| Gilmer | 117 | 28.40% | 268 | 65.05% | 27 | 6.55% | 0 | 0.00% | 412 |
| Gloucester | 301 | 39.55% | 460 | 60.45% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 761 |
| Goochland | 244 | 34.41% | 428 | 60.37% | 37 | 5.22% | 0 | 0.00% | 709 |
| Grayson | 315 | 40.49% | 447 | 57.46% | 16 | 2.05% | 0 | 0.00% | 762 |
| Greenbrier | 993 | 60.88% | 505 | 30.96% | 133 | 8.15% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,631 |
| Greene | 74 | 12.23% | 521 | 86.12% | 10 | 1.65% | 0 | 0.00% | 605 |
| Greensville | 139 | 41.99% | 151 | 45.62% | 41 | 12.39% | 0 | 0.00% | 331 |
| Halifax | 563 | 27.97% | 1,312 | 65.18% | 138 | 6.86% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,013 |
| Hampshire | 878 | 43.37% | 1,054 | 52.49% | 75 | 3.74% | 1 | 0.04% | 2,008 |
| Hancock | 33 | 5.29% | 262 | 41.32% | 85 | 13.42% | 254 | 40.06% | 634 |
| Hanover | 575 | 42.56% | 749 | 55.44% | 27 | 2.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,351 |
| Hardy | 894 | 67.57% | 355 | 26.83% | 74 | 5.60% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,323 |
| Harrison | 931 | 41.36% | 1,191 | 52.91% | 107 | 4.75% | 22 | 0.98% | 2,251 |
| Henrico | 1,403 | 62.83% | 641 | 28.71% | 189 | 8.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,233 |
| Henry | 543 | 51.91% | 444 | 44.45% | 59 | 5.64% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,046 |
| Highland | 215 | 33.59% | 170 | 26.56% | 255 | 39.84% | 0 | 0.00% | 640 |
| Isle of Wight | 147 | 15.93% | 757 | 82.02% | 19 | 2.05% | 0 | 0.00% | 923 |
| Jackson | 388 | 39.88% | 500 | 51.39% | 64 | 6.58% | 21 | 2.16% | 973 |
| James City | 148 | 69.48% | 60 | 28.17% | 5 | 2.35% | 0 | 0.00% | 213 |
| Jefferson | 959 | 51.64% | 458 | 24.66% | 440 | 23.69% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,857 |
| Kanawha | 1,176 | 67.55% | 513 | 29.47% | 52 | 2.99% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,741 |
| King and Queen | 255 | 33.25% | 510 | 66.49% | 2 | 0.26% | 0 | 0.00% | 767 |
| King George | 184 | 41.44% | 223 | 50.23% | 37 | 8.33% | 0 | 0.00% | 444 |
| King William | 142 | 30.54% | 315 | 67.74% | 8 | 1.72% | 0 | 0.00% | 465 |
| Lancaster | 209 | 57.58% | 142 | 39.12% | 12 | 3.31% | 0 | 0.00% | 363 |
| Lee | 462 | 33.82% | 894 | 65.45% | 10 | 0.73% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,366 |
| Lewis | 332 | 28.06% | 604 | 51.06% | 247 | 20.88% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,183 |
| Logan | 100 | 26.53% | 271 | 71.88% | 6 | 1.59% | 0 | 0.00% | 377 |
| Loudoun | 2,033 | 69.10% | 778 | 26.44% | 120 | 4.08% | 11 | 0.37% | 2,942 |
| Louisa | 498 | 39.71% | 754 | 60.13% | 2 | 0.16% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,254 |
| Lunenburg | 251 | 30.99% | 527 | 65.06% | 32 | 3.95% | 0 | 0.00% | 810 |
| McDowell | 35 | 48.61% | 37 | 51.39% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 72 |
| Madison | 74 | 7.97% | 834 | 89.87% | 20 | 2.16% | 0 | 0.00% | 928 |
| Marion | 569 | 27.84% | 1,337 | 65.41% | 137 | 6.70% | 1 | 0.01% | 2,044 |
| Marshall | 928 | 45.49% | 809 | 39.66% | 108 | 5.29% | 195 | 9.56% | 2,040 |
| Mason | 716 | 47.39% | 439 | 29.05% | 297 | 19.66% | 59 | 3.90% | 1,511 |
| Mathews | 251 | 45.06% | 306 | 54.94% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 557 |
| Mecklenburg | 430 | 30.85% | 901 | 64.63% | 63 | 4.52% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,394 |
| Mercer | 443 | 49.89% | 432 | 48.65% | 13 | 1.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 888 |
| Middlesex | 151 | 38.52% | 241 | 61.48% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 392 |
| Monongalia | 622 | 30.24% | 601 | 29.22% | 757 | 36.80% | 77 | 3.74% | 2,057 |
| Monroe | 693 | 53.47% | 520 | 40.12% | 83 | 6.40% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,296 |
| Montgomery | 712 | 58.79% | 425 | 35.09% | 74 | 6.11% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,211 |
| Morgan | 308 | 52.92% | 254 | 43.62% | 20 | 3.44% | 0 | 0.00% | 582 |
| Nansemond | 477 | 52.59% | 429 | 47.30% | 1 | 0.11% | 0 | 0.00% | 907 |
| Nelson | 733 | 59.35% | 390 | 31.58% | 112 | 9.07% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,235 |
| New Kent | 264 | 60.27% | 172 | 39.27% | 2 | 0.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 438 |
| Nicholas | 345 | 63.03% | 152 | 27.89% | 48 | 8.81% | 0 | 0.00% | 545 |
| Norfolk City | 982 | 59.38% | 439 | 26.54% | 233 | 14.09% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,654 |
| Norfolk County | 704 | 58.52% | 447 | 37.16% | 52 | 4.32% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,203 |
| Northampton | 234 | 51.54% | 214 | 47.14% | 6 | 1.32% | 0 | 0.00% | 454 |
| Northumberland | 276 | 44.02% | 350 | 55.82% | 1 | 0.16% | 0 | 0.00% | 627 |
| Nottoway | 232 | 52.85% | 179 | 40.77% | 28 | 6.39% | 0 | 0.00% | 439 |
| Ohio | 1,202 | 33.43% | 915 | 25.39% | 716 | 19.87% | 771 | 21.39% | 3,604 |
| Orange | 427 | 46.72% | 475 | 51.97% | 12 | 1.31% | 0 | 0.00% | 914 |
| Page | 141 | 12.23% | 937 | 81.27% | 75 | 6.50% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,153 |
| Patrick | 433 | 46.31% | 432 | 46.20% | 70 | 7.49% | 0 | 0.00% | 935 |
| Pendleton | 400 | 53.33% | 217 | 28.93% | 133 | 17.73% | 0 | 0.00% | 750 |
| Petersburg | 970 | 53.71% | 223 | 12.35% | 613 | 33.94% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,806 |
| Pittsylvania | 1,702 | 57.98% | 1,057 | 36.00% | 177 | 6.01% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,936 |
| Pleasants | 140 | 32.94% | 166 | 39.06% | 119 | 28.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 425 |
| Pocahontas | 163 | 30.99% | 333 | 63.31% | 30 | 5.70% | 0 | 0.00% | 526 |
| Portsmouth | 678 | 46.60% | 559 | 38.42% | 214 | 14.72% | 4 | 0.27% | 1,455 |
| Powhatan | 225 | 47.67% | 127 | 26.91% | 120 | 25.42% | 0 | 0.00% | 472 |
| Preston | 562 | 30.33% | 942 | 50.84% | 239 | 12.90% | 110 | 5.94% | 1,853 |
| Prince Edward | 374 | 43.39% | 423 | 49.07% | 65 | 7.54% | 0 | 0.00% | 862 |
| Prince George | 243 | 43.39% | 191 | 34.11% | 126 | 22.50% | 0 | 0.00% | 560 |
| Princess Anne | 451 | 53.31% | 379 | 44.80% | 16 | 1.89% | 0 | 0.00% | 846 |
| Prince William | 243 | 23.32% | 718 | 68.91% | 26 | 2.50% | 55 | 5.28% | 1,042 |
| Pulaski | 332 | 56.56% | 250 | 42.59% | 5 | 0.85% | 0 | 0.00% | 587 |
| Putnam | 400 | 52.29% | 327 | 42.75% | 38 | 4.97% | 0 | 0.00% | 765 |
| Raleigh | 230 | 73.48% | 69 | 22.04% | 14 | 4.47% | 0 | 0.00% | 313 |
| Randolph | 259 | 39.85% | 248 | 38.15% | 143 | 22.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 650 |
| Rappahannock | 491 | 52.85% | 409 | 44.03% | 29 | 3.12% | 0 | 0.00% | 929 |
| Richmond City | 2,402 | 55.58% | 1,167 | 27.08% | 753 | 17.42% | 0 | 0.00% | 4,322 |
| Richmond County | 353 | 64.89% | 185 | 34.01% | 6 | 1.10% | 0 | 0.00% | 544 |
| Ritchie | 224 | 26.26% | 544 | 63.77% | 73 | 8.56% | 12 | 1.41% | 853 |
| Roane | 237 | 45.84% | 264 | 51.06% | 16 | 3.09% | 0 | 0.00% | 517 |
| Roanoke | 293 | 40.81% | 373 | 51.95% | 52 | 7.24% | 0 | 0.00% | 718 |
| Rockbridge | 1,231 | 55.13% | 361 | 16.17% | 641 | 28.71% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,233 |
| Rockingham | 883 | 30.31% | 676 | 23.21% | 1,354 | 46.48% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,913 |
| Russell | 473 | 47.35% | 526 | 52.65% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 999 |
| Scott | 491 | 41.75% | 594 | 50.60% | 91 | 7.74% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,176 |
| Shenandoah | 427 | 17.13% | 1,883 | 75.53% | 170 | 6.82% | 13 | 0.52% | 2,493 |
| Smyth | 446 | 45.01% | 496 | 50.05% | 49 | 4.94% | 0 | 0.00% | 991 |
| Southampton | 545 | 48.79% | 563 | 50.40% | 9 | 0.81% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,117 |
| Spotsylvania | 599 | 43.66% | 516 | 37.61% | 257 | 18.73% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,372 |
| Stafford | 404 | 41.61% | 402 | 41.41% | 165 | 16.99% | 0 | 0.00% | 971 |
| Surry | 197 | 53.68% | 115 | 31.34% | 55 | 14.99% | 0 | 0.00% | 367 |
| Sussex | 177 | 31.22% | 294 | 51.85% | 96 | 16.93% | 0 | 0.00% | 567 |
| Taylor | 647 | 51.68% | 575 | 45.93% | 26 | 2.08% | 4 | 0.32% | 1,252 |
| Tazewell | 306 | 24.68% | 934 | 75.32% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,240 |
| Tucker | 22 | 15.28% | 99 | 68.75% | 23 | 15.97% | 0 | 0.00% | 144 |
| Tyler | 315 | 33.69% | 423 | 45.24% | 197 | 21.07% | 0 | 0.00% | 935 |
| Upshur | 331 | 33.98% | 589 | 60.47% | 54 | 5.54% | 0 | 0.00% | 974 |
| Warren | 276 | 36.80% | 462 | 61.60% | 12 | 1.60% | 0 | 0.00% | 750 |
| Warwick | 72 | 69.23% | 32 | 30.77% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 104 |
| Washington | 916 | 42.60% | 1,178 | 54.79% | 56 | 2.60% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,150 |
| Wayne | 326 | 56.82% | 166 | 28.42% | 82 | 14.04% | 10 | 1.71% | 584 |
| Webster | 86 | 45.03% | 96 | 50.26% | 9 | 4.71% | 0 | 0.00% | 191 |
| Westmoreland | 438 | 72.76% | 160 | 26.58% | 4 | 0.66% | 0 | 0.00% | 602 |
| Wetzel | 90 | 10.51% | 607 | 70.91% | 153 | 17.87% | 6 | 0.70% | 856 |
| Williamsburg | 49 | 42.24% | 43 | 37.07% | 24 | 20.69% | 0 | 0.00% | 116 |
| Wirt | 150 | 35.63% | 255 | 60.57% | 16 | 3.80% | 0 | 0.00% | 421 |
| Wise | 102 | 21.56% | 363 | 76.74% | 8 | 1.69% | 0 | 0.00% | 473 |
| Wood | 832 | 46.20% | 832 | 46.20% | 56 | 3.11% | 81 | 4.50% | 1,801 |
| Wyoming [a] | 60 | 61.22% | 29 | 29.60% | 9 | 9.18% | 0 | 0.00% | 98 |
| Wythe | 617 | 43.03% | 795 | 55.44% | 22 | 1.53% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,434 |
| York | 227 | 70.93% | 90 | 28.13% | 3 | 0.94% | 0 | 0.00% | 320 |
| Total | 74,701 | 44.65% | 74,379 | 44.46% | 16,292 | 9.74% | 1,929 | 1.15% | 167,301 |
Virginia was one of only three states to vote for the Constitutional Union candidate, former U.S. Senator John Bell, over the Southern Democratic candidate, Vice President John C. Breckinridge, and the Democratic candidate, U.S. Senator Stephen A. Douglas. Former U.S. Representative Abraham Lincoln was also the Republican candidate in this election, but he received the lowest support for any Republican presidential candidate (as well as the lowest support of any candidate who won the presidency) in the history of Virginia.
This was the first presidential election since the formation of political parties in which Virginia did not vote for the Democratic or Democratic-Republican candidate. It was also the closest presidential election result in Virginia history: Bell won by 156 votes, or a margin of 0.093474% – the thirteenth-closest statewide presidential result in United States history and the closest between 1836 and 1876. Virginia eventually seceded from the United States on April 17, 1861, and did not participate in the following elections in 1864 and 1868. However, unionist counties in the Ohio basin, plus a number of adjacent counties in the northwest, seceded to form the state of West Virginia and did participate in those two elections. As of the 2024 presidential election [update] [7] , this is the last election in which Morgan County, one of the counties that broke off to form West Virginia, did not vote for the Republican candidate.
Virginia was the only one of the eleven states that would later declare their secession from the Union and be controlled by Confederate armies where any ballots for Lincoln were distributed, and the vast majority of the votes Lincoln received were cast in border counties of what would soon become West Virginia – the future state accounted for 1,832 of Lincoln's 1,929 votes. [8] Lincoln received no votes at all in 121 of the state's then-145 counties (including 31 of the 50 that would form West Virginia), received a single vote in three counties and received ten or fewer votes in nine of the 24 counties where he polled votes. Lincoln's best results, by far, were in the four counties that comprised the state's northern panhandle, a region which had long felt alienated from Richmond and which was economically and culturally linked to its neighbors Ohio and Pennsylvania and which would become the key driver in the successful effort to form a separate state. Hancock County (Virginia's northernmost at the time) returned Lincoln's best result – he polled over 40% of the vote there and finished in second place (Lincoln polled only eight votes fewer than Breckinridge). Of the 97 votes cast for Lincoln in the state's post-1863 boundaries, 93 were polled in four counties along the Potomac River and four were cast in the coastal city of Portsmouth.
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 2, 1852. Democratic nominee Franklin Pierce defeated Whig nominee General Winfield Scott.
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 4, 1856. Democratic nominee James Buchanan defeated Republican nominee John C. Frémont and Know Nothing/Whig nominee Millard Fillmore. The main issue was the expansion of slavery as facilitated by the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854. Buchanan defeated President Franklin Pierce at the 1856 Democratic National Convention for the nomination. Pierce had become widely unpopular in the North because of his support for the pro-slavery faction in the ongoing civil war in territorial Kansas, and Buchanan, a former Secretary of State, had avoided the divisive debates over the Kansas–Nebraska Act by being in Europe as the Ambassador to the United Kingdom.
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 6, 1860. The Republican Party ticket of Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin won a national popular plurality, a popular majority in the North where states had already abolished slavery, and a national electoral majority comprising only Northern electoral votes. Lincoln's election thus served as the main catalyst of the states that would become the Confederacy seceding from the Union. This marked the first time that a Republican was elected president. It was also the first presidential election in which both major party candidates were registered in the same home state; the others have been in 1904, 1920, 1940, 1944, and 2016. Lincoln's 39.7% of the popular vote is to date the lowest for any winner not decided by a contingent election.
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 8, 1864, near the end of the American Civil War. Incumbent President Abraham Lincoln of the National Union Party easily defeated the Democratic nominee, former General George B. McClellan, by a wide margin of 212–21 in the electoral college, with 55% of the popular vote. For the election, the Republican Party and some Democrats created the National Union Party, especially to attract War Democrats.
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 4, 1924. Incumbent Republican President Calvin Coolidge won election to a full term. Coolidge was the second vice president, after Theodore Roosevelt, to ascend to the presidency and then win a full term.
Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 8, 1932. Against the backdrop of the Great Depression, incumbent Republican President Herbert Hoover was defeated in a landslide by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt, the governor of New York and the vice presidential nominee of the 1920 presidential election. The election marked the effective end of the Fourth Party System, which had been dominated by Republicans, and it was the first time since 1916 that a Democrat was elected president.
The Constitutional Union Party was a political party which stood in the 1860 United States elections. It mostly consisted of conservative former Whigs from the Southern United States who wanted to avoid secession over slavery and refused to join either the Republican Party or Democratic Party. The Constitutional Union Party campaigned on a simple platform "to recognize no political principle other than the Constitution of the country, the Union of the states, and the Enforcement of the Laws".
The 1860 Republican National Convention was a presidential nominating convention that met May 16–18 in Chicago, Illinois. It was held to nominate the Republican Party's candidates for president and vice president in the 1860 election. The convention selected former representative Abraham Lincoln of Illinois for president and Senator Hannibal Hamlin of Maine for vice president.
The 1860 Democratic National Conventions were a series of presidential nominating conventions held to nominate the Democratic Party's candidates for president and vice president in the 1860 election.
The Republican Party of Virginia (RPV) is the Virginia chapter of the Republican Party. It is based at the Richard D. Obenshain Center in Richmond. As of May 2024, it controls all three statewide elected offices, 5 out of 11 U.S. House seats, and the governor's seat within the state.
The 1856 Republican National Convention was a presidential nominating convention that met from June 17 to June 19, 1856, at Musical Fund Hall at 808 Locust Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the first national nominating convention of the Republican Party, founded two years earlier in 1854. It was held to nominate the party's candidates for president and vice president in the 1856 election. The convention selected John C. Frémont, a former United States Senator from California, for president, and former Senator William L. Dayton of New Jersey for vice president. The convention also appointed members of the newly established Republican National Committee.
The National Union Party, commonly the Union Party or Unionists, was a wartime coalition of Republicans, War Democrats, and border state Unconditional Unionists that supported the Lincoln Administration during the American Civil War. It held the 1864 National Union Convention that nominated Abraham Lincoln for president and Andrew Johnson for vice president in the 1864 United States presidential election. Following Lincoln's successful re-election and assassination, Johnson tried and failed to sustain the Union Party as a vehicle for his presidential ambitions. The coalition did not contest the 1868 elections, but the Republican Party continued to use the "Union Republican" label throughout the period of Reconstruction.
The 1860 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 2, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. Voters chose five electors of the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1860 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania took place on November 6, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. Voters chose 27 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1860 United States elections elected the members of the 37th United States Congress. The election marked the start of the Third Party System and precipitated the Civil War. The Republican Party won control of the presidency and both houses of Congress, making it the fifth party to accomplish such a feat. The election is widely considered to be a realigning election.
The 1856 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 4, 1856, as part of the 1856 United States presidential election. Voters chose 15 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1860 United States presidential election in Texas was held on November 6, 1860. State voters chose four electors to represent the state in the Electoral College, which chose the president and vice president. Soon after this election, Texas seceded from the United States in March 1861 and joined the Confederate States of America. It would not participate in the following elections in 1864 and 1868. The state would not be readmitted into the Union until 1870 and would not participate in another presidential election until 1872.
The Virginia Secession Convention of 1861 was called in the state capital of Richmond to determine whether Virginia would secede from the United States, govern the state during a state of emergency, and write a new Constitution for Virginia, which was subsequently voted down in a referendum under the Confederate Government.
The 1860 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 6, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. Voters chose 35 electors of the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. New York was the tipping state in this election, and had Lincoln lost it there would have been a contingent election decided by Congress.
