Missouri's 4th congressional district | |
---|---|
Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023 | |
Representative | |
Population (2023) | 788,949 |
Median household income | $64,293 [1] |
Ethnicity |
|
Cook PVI | R+23 [2] |
Missouri's 4th congressional district comprises west-central Missouri. It stretches from the northern half of Columbia to the southern and eastern suburbs of Kansas City, including a sliver of Kansas City in Cass County and parts of Blue Springs in Jackson County. It also includes the portion of Columbia north of Interstate 70, home to the University of Missouri (but not the university itself).
The district is predominantly rural and relatively conservative; George W. Bush defeated John Kerry 64% to 35% in the 2004 election and John McCain defeated Barack Obama 61% to 38% in the 2008 election. The district is currently represented by Republican Mark Alford, a former reporter for WDAF-TV, the city's Fox affiliate.
This district had historically been a Democratic Party stronghold. Antipathy to the Republican Party had its origins in the American Civil War and the infamous General Order 11. The Union Army ordered evacuation of the county in an attempt to reduce support for and the power of bushwhacker guerrillas. After the Civil War, there was disfranchisement of white males (mostly Democrats) who had been active for the Confederacy until they took loyalty oaths, or until 1870. The area was filled with conflict between Missouri's Radicals, who joined the Republicans, and Conservatives, who were Democrats. By 1880 former secessionists dominated Missouri's congressional delegation and state legislature[ citation needed ].
Gradually this area developed a character similar to yellow dog Democrat districts in the South. Until 2010, only one Republican had been elected here since the Great Depression, and only for one term. However, several demographic trends have converged to erode the Democratic base in this district. First, as the New York Times election maps show, the predominantly rural counties lining the Missouri River have sharply trended Republican between the 2000 Senate election and the 2006 election, following trends across the South. [3]
Secondly, population losses in Kansas City resulted in the 4th gradually losing much of its share of heavily Democratic Jackson County to the Kansas City-based 5th district. Until 1983, the district stretched as far as Independence on Kansas City's eastern border; as late as 1973 it included the eastern portion of Kansas City itself. To compensate for the loss of territory closer to Kansas City, large portions of heavily Republican Southwest Missouri were reassigned from the neighboring 7th district. [4] The result of these trends resulted in a dramatic collapse of Democratic support in the district. Al Gore, John Kerry, and Barack Obama won less than 40% of the vote here. It ultimately presaged Ike Skelton's defeat by Vicky Hartzler in 2010. Since Skelton's defeat, no Democrat has managed even 40 percent of the vote.
Missouri's 4th congressional district includes all of 20 counties and portions of another 4 counties: Barton,Bates, Benton, Boone (parts), Camden (parts), Cass, Cedar, Dade, Dallas, Henry, Hickory, Howard, Jackson (parts), Johnson, Laclede, Lafayette, Morgan, Pettis, Polk, Pulaski, Saline, St. Clair, Vernon, and Webster (parts). [5]
Year | Office | Results [6] |
---|---|---|
2008 | President | McCain 58% - 40% |
2012 | President | Romney 64% - 36% |
2016 | President | Trump 68% - 27% |
Senate | Blunt 58% - 37% | |
Governor | Greitens 60% - 37% | |
Lt. Governor | Parson 63% - 31% | |
Attorney General | Hawley 67% - 33% | |
2018 | Senate | Hawley 62% - 34% |
2020 | President | Trump 69% - 29% |
Governor | Parson 69% - 29% | |
Lt. Governor | Kehoe 70% - 27% | |
Secretary of State | Ashcroft 72% - 25% | |
State Treasurer | Fitzpatrick 70% - 27% | |
Attorney General | Schmitt 71% - 26% |
# | County | Seat | Population |
---|---|---|---|
11 | Barton | Lamar | 11,731 |
13 | Bates | Butler | 16,242 |
15 | Benton | Warsaw | 20,552 |
19 | Boone | Columbia | 189,463 |
29 | Camden | Camdenton | 44,044 |
37 | Cass | Harrisonville | 111,732 |
39 | Cedar | Stockton | 14,672 |
57 | Dade | Greenfield | 7,716 |
59 | Dallas | Buffalo | 17,768 |
83 | Henry | Clinton | 22,485 |
85 | Hickory | Hermitage | 8,718 |
89 | Howard | Fayette | 10,101 |
95 | Jackson | Independence, Kansas City | 718,560 |
101 | Johnson | Warrensburg | 54,962 |
105 | Laclede | Lebanon | 36,680 |
107 | Lafayette | Lexington | 33,196 |
141 | Morgan | Versailles | 21,970 |
159 | Pettis | Sedalia | 43,530 |
167 | Polk | Bolivar | 32,780 |
169 | Pulaski | Waynesville | 53,812 |
185 | St. Clair | Osceola | 9,752 |
195 | Saline | Marshall | 23,049 |
217 | Vernon | Nevada | 19,710 |
225 | Webster | Marshfield | 41,472 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Vicky Hartzler | 113,489 | 50.43% | |
Democratic | Ike Skelton (incumbent) | 101,532 | 45.11% | |
Libertarian | Jason Michael Braun | 6,123 | 2.72% | |
Constitution | Greg Cowan | 3,912 | 1.74% | |
Total votes | 225,056 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | 192,237 | 60.3% | |
Democratic | Teresa Hensley | 113,120 | 35.5% | |
Libertarian | Bill Slantz | 10,407 | 3.3% | |
Constitution | Greg Cowan | 2,959 | 0.5% | |
Total votes | 318,723 | 100.0% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | 120,014 | 68.08% | |
Democratic | Nate Irvin | 46,464 | 26.36% | |
Libertarian | Herschel L. Young | 9,793 | 5.56% | |
Write-In | Gregory A Cowan | 15 | 0.01% | |
Total votes | 176,286 | 100% | ||
Republican hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | 225,348 | 67.83% | |
Democratic | Gordon Christensen | 92,510 | 27.85% | |
Libertarian | Mark Bliss | 14,376 | 4.33% | |
Total votes | 332,234 | 100% | ||
Republican hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | 190,138 | 64.8% | |
Democratic | Renee Hoagenson | 95,968 | 32.7% | |
Libertarian | Mark Bliss | 7,210 | 2.5% | |
Total votes | 293,316 | 100% | ||
Republican hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | 245,247 | 67.6 | |
Democratic | Lindsey Simmons | 107,635 | 29.7 | |
Libertarian | Steven K. Koonse | 9,954 | 2.7 | |
Total votes | 362,836 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold |
The table below shows how individual counties in MO-04 voted in the 2008 presidential election. U.S. Senator John McCain (R-Arizona) won every single county in MO-04 and swept the district with 60.58 percent of the vote while U.S. Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois) received 37.87 percent, a 22.71-percent margin of victory for the GOP.
County | John McCain | Barack Obama | Difference |
---|---|---|---|
Barton | 74.21 | 24.46 | R + 49.75 |
Dade | 69.65 | 28.79 | R + 40.86 |
Moniteau | 67.02 | 31.27 | R + 35.75 |
Laclede | 66.62 | 31.97 | R + 34.65 |
Cedar | 66.01 | 32.42 | R + 33.59 |
Polk | 65.39 | 33.24 | R + 32.15 |
Dallas | 63.71 | 34.57 | R + 29.14 |
Webster | 63.77 | 34.76 | R + 29.01 |
Pulaski | 63.68 | 34.99 | R + 28.69 |
Camden | 63.59 | 35.12 | R + 28.47 |
Cole | 62.94 | 36.03 | R + 26.91 |
Pettis | 60.51 | 38.07 | R + 22.44 |
Benton | 60.20 | 37.93 | R + 22.27 |
Vernon | 60.08 | 38.08 | R + 22.00 |
St. Clair | 59.76 | 37.81 | R + 21.95 |
Morgan | 59.58 | 38.97 | R + 20.61 |
Cass | 59.18 | 39.55 | R + 19.63 |
Bates | 58.35 | 39.49 | R + 18.86 |
Lafayette | 56.88 | 41.58 | R + 15.30 |
Hickory | 55.72 | 42.44 | R + 13.28 |
Johnson | 55.18 | 42.93 | R + 12.25 |
Henry | 54.62 | 43.63 | R + 10.99 |
Ray | 50.60 | 47.42 | R + 3.18 |
Saline | 50.39 | 47.85 | R + 2.54 |
The table below shows how individual counties in MO-04 voted in the 2008 Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary. Former U.S. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-New York) swept the district by a convincing margin over U.S. Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois). Clinton won every county in the district with the exception of Cole County, home of the State Capitol.
County | Hillary Clinton | Barack Obama | Difference |
---|---|---|---|
Benton | 68.77 | 26.95 | C + 41.82 |
St. Clair | 67.52 | 26.12 | C + 41.40 |
Hickory | 67.95 | 27.86 | C + 40.09 |
Ray | 65.29 | 30.31 | C + 34.98 |
Bates | 63.51 | 30.08 | C + 33.43 |
Dallas | 63.75 | 32.01 | C + 31.74 |
Henry | 63.18 | 32.10 | C + 31.08 |
Barton | 63.43 | 32.85 | C + 30.58 |
Polk | 63.81 | 33.28 | C + 30.53 |
Vernon | 61.55 | 31.42 | C + 30.13 |
Dade | 62.22 | 33.12 | C + 29.10 |
Laclede | 62.48 | 33.77 | C + 28.71 |
Morgan | 62.05 | 33.58 | C + 28.47 |
Cedar | 60.30 | 33.00 | C + 27.30 |
Webster | 61.20 | 34.46 | C + 26.74 |
Lafayette | 60.75 | 35.40 | C + 25.35 |
Moniteau | 60.38 | 36.38 | C + 24.00 |
Cass | 59.76 | 36.73 | C + 23.03 |
Saline | 57.46 | 37.85 | C + 19.61 |
Camden | 57.99 | 38.75 | C + 19.24 |
Pulaski | 56.07 | 39.35 | C + 16.72 |
Pettis | 54.76 | 41.38 | C + 13.38 |
Johnson | 53.22 | 43.07 | C + 10.15 |
Cole | 45.07 | 51.16 | O + 6.09 |
Franklin County is located in the U.S. state of Missouri. At the 2020 census, the population was 104,682. Its county seat is Union. The county was organized in 1818 and is named after Founding Father Benjamin Franklin. Franklin County is part of the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area and contains some of the city's exurbs. It is located along the south side of the Missouri River. The county has wineries that are included in the Hermann AVA and is part of the region known as the Missouri Rhineland, which extends on both sides of the Missouri River.
The government of the U.S. state of Missouri is organized into the state government and local government, including county government, and city and municipal government.
Isaac Newton Skelton IV was an American politician and lawyer who served as the U.S. representative for Missouri's 4th congressional district from 1977 to 2011. During his tenure, he served as the chairman of the House Armed Services Committee. He was a member of the Democratic Party. On November 2, 2010, he unexpectedly lost his seat to Republican Vicky Hartzler amid a Republican landslide. Notably, he was one of three Democratic committee chairmen to lose reelection in the 2010 midterm cycle, alongside House Budget Committee chairman John Spratt of South Carolina and House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee chairman Jim Oberstar of Minnesota.
The Missouri bellwether was a political phenomenon that noted that the state of Missouri voted for the winner in all but one U.S. presidential election from 1904 to 2004. While states like Pennsylvania, Nevada, Ohio, and Florida have been arguably stronger indicators of political trends in recent years, Missouri was a consistent swing state throughout the 20th century. Prior to the 2008 elections, Lincoln County, Missouri was said to be the only bellwether county in a bellwether state. Missouri was also considered a bellwether of U.S. views on hot-button social issues such as stem cell research and school vouchers. Some economists also considered the state a bellwether for economic trends such as consumer confidence and unemployment.
The 2008 Iowa Democratic presidential caucus occurred on January 3, and was the state caucuses of the Iowa Democratic Party. It was the first election for the Democrats of the 2008 presidential election. Also referred to as "the First in the Nation Caucus," it was the first election of the primary season on both the Democratic and Republican sides. Of the eight major Democratic presidential candidates, then-U.S. Senator Barack Obama of Illinois received the most votes and was ultimately declared the winner of the Iowa Democratic Caucus of 2008, making him the first African American to win the caucus and the first African American to win a primary state since Jesse Jackson in 1988. Former U.S. Senator John Edwards of North Carolina came in second place and then-U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton of New York finished third, though Clinton received more delegates than Edwards. Campaigning had begun as early as two years before the event.
Missouri's 7th congressional district consists of Southwest Missouri. The district includes Springfield, the home of Missouri State University, the Joplin, Missouri, metropolitan area, Missouri's 5th largest, and the popular tourist destination city of Branson. Located along the borders of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Northwest Arkansas, the district occupies part of the Bible Belt with a strong socially conservative trend. George W. Bush defeated John Kerry here 67% to 32% in the 2004 election. Republican John McCain defeated Democrat Barack Obama 63.1% to 35.3% in the 2008 election. Republican and Former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney defeated Barack Obama 67.6% to 30.3% in the 2012 election. In the 2020 election, Republican Donald Trump defeated Democrat Joe Biden 69.91% to 28.93%. As of 2020, this district is the second most strongly Republican district in Missouri and is one of the most strongly Republican districts in the United States.
Missouri's 8th congressional district is one of 435 congressional districts in the United States and one of eight congressional districts in the state of Missouri. The district encompasses rural Southeast Missouri and South Central Missouri as well as some counties in Southwest Missouri. The district stretches from the Bootheel in the south to the St. Louis southern exurbs of Festus, Hillsboro, and surrounding areas in the Lead Belt; it ranges in the east to counties along the Mississippi River and in the west to counties along the Ozark Plateau near Branson. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+28, it is the most Republican district in Missouri.
The 2008 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 4, 2008, as part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose seven representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 2008 Missouri Democratic presidential primary took place on Super Tuesday, February 5, 2008, with 72 delegates at stake. The winner in each of Missouri's nine congressional districts was awarded all of that district's delegates, which totaled 47. Another 25 delegates were awarded to the statewide winner, Barack Obama. The 72 delegates represented Missouri at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado. Sixteen other unpledged delegates, known as superdelegates, also attended the convention and cast their votes as well.
The 2008 Connecticut Democratic presidential primary took place on Super Tuesday, February 5, 2008, with 48 delegates at stake. The winner in each of Connecticut's five congressional districts was awarded all of that district's delegates, totaling 31. Another 17 delegates were awarded to the statewide winner, Barack Obama. The 48 delegates represented Connecticut at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado. Twelve other unpledged delegates, known as superdelegates, also attended the convention and cast their votes as well.
The 2008 Kansas Democratic presidential caucuses took held on Super Tuesday, February 5, 2008, with 21 delegates at stake. The remaining 11 delegates were selected at the Kansas Democratic Party District Conventions on April 12. The state, and a majority of its delegates, were won by Barack Obama.
The 2008 United States presidential election in Missouri was held on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election, which took place throughout all 50 states and D.C. Voters chose 11 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 2008 congressional elections in Missouri were held on November 4, 2008, to determine who will represent the state of Missouri in the United States House of Representatives. The primary election for candidates seeking the nomination of the Republican Party, the Democratic Party, and the Libertarian Party was held on August 5.
The 2008 United States presidential election in New Jersey took place on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose 15 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 2008 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 2008 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose 21 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
Elections were held on November 2, 2010, to determine Missouri's nine members of the United States House of Representatives. Representatives were elected for two-year terms to serve in the 112th Congress from January 3, 2011, until January 3, 2013. Primary elections were held on August 3, 2010.
The 2016 United States presidential election in Iowa was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016, as part of the 2016 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Iowa voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote, pitting the Republican Party's nominee, businessman Donald Trump, and his running mate Indiana Governor Mike Pence against the Democratic Party nominee, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, and her running mate Virginia Senator Tim Kaine. Iowa has six electoral votes in the Electoral College.
The 2016 United States presidential election in Kansas was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016, as part of the 2016 United States presidential election in which all 50 states and the District of Columbia participated. Kansas voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote, pitting the Republican Party's nominee, businessman Donald Trump, and running mate Indiana Governor Mike Pence against Democratic Party nominee, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, and her running mate Virginia Senator Tim Kaine. Kansas has six electoral votes in the Electoral College.
The 2020 United States presidential election in Kansas was held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020, as part of the 2020 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Kansas voters chose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote, pitting the Republican Party's nominee, incumbent President Donald Trump of Florida, and running mate Vice President Mike Pence of Indiana against Democratic Party nominee, former Vice President Joe Biden of Delaware, and his running mate Senator Kamala Harris of California. Kansas has six electoral votes in the Electoral College.