Paradoxurinae

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Paradoxurinae
Binturong in Overloon.jpg
Binturong (Arctictis binturong)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Viverridae
Subfamily: Paradoxurinae
Gray, 1864
Genera

see Classification

Paradoxurinae is a subfamily of the feliform viverrids that was denominated and first described by John Edward Gray in 1864. [1] Pocock subordinated the genera Paradoxurus , Paguma and Arctictis to this subfamily. [2] [3]

Contents

Classification

Living species

GenusSpecies IUCN Red List status and distribution
Paradoxurus Cuvier, 1822 [4] Asian palm civet (P. hermaphroditus) (Pallas, 1777) [5]
Asian or Common Palm Civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus Chambal by Dr. Raju Kasambe (6).JPG 		LC [6]
Asian Palm Civet area.png
Golden palm civet (P. zeylonensis) (Pallas, 1778) [7]
Paradoxurus zeylonensis.jpg 		VU [8]
Golden Palm Civet range.png
Brown palm civet (P. jerdoni) Blanford, 1885 [9]
ParadoxurusJerdoniSmit.jpg 		LC [10]
Jerdon's Palm Civet range.png
Arctictis Temminck, 1824 [11] Binturong (A. binturong) (Raffles, 1822) [12]
Binturong in Overloon.jpg 		VU [13]
Binturong area.png
PagumaGray, 1831 [14] Masked palm civet (P. larvata) (Smith, 1827) [15]
Palm civet on tree (detail).jpg 		LC [16]
Masked Palm Civet area.png
Arctogalidia Merriam, 1897 [17] Small-toothed palm civet (A. trivirgata) (Gray, 1832) [18]
Small-toothed Palm Civet (Arctogalidia trivirgata stigmatica) (8076736823) (cut).jpg 		LC [19]
Small-toothed Palm Cive area.png

Phylogenetic tree

The phylogenetic relationships of Paradoxurinae are shown in the following cladogram: [20] [21]

 Paradoxurinae 
  Paradoxurus  

Paradoxurus zeylonensis (Golden palm civet)

Paradoxurus montanus (Sri Lankan brown palm civet)

Paradoxurus stenocephalus (Golden dry-zone palm civet)

Paradoxurus aureus (Golden wet-zone palm civet)

Paradoxurus jerdoni (Jerdon's palm civet)

Paradoxurus hermaphroditus (Asian palm civet)

 Arctogalidia 

Arctogalidia trivirgata (Small-toothed palm civet)

 Paguma 

Paguma larvata (Masked palm civet)

 Arctictis 

Arctictis binturong (Binturong)

Extinct genera

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viverridae</span> Family of carnivorans

Viverridae is a family of small to medium-sized, feliform mammals. The viverrids comprise 33 species placed in 14 genera. This family was named and first described by John Edward Gray in 1821. Viverrids occur all over Africa, southern Europe, and South and Southeast Asia, across the Wallace Line.

<i>Paradoxurus</i> Genus of carnivores

Paradoxurus is a genus of three palm civets within the viverrid family that was denominated and first described by Frédéric Cuvier in 1822. The Paradoxurus species have a broad head, a narrow muzzle with a large rhinarium that is deeply sulcate in the middle. Their large ears are rounded at the tip. The tail is nearly as long as the head and body.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Small Indian civet</span> Species of mammal

The small Indian civet is a civet native to South and Southeast Asia. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because of its widespread distribution, widespread habitat use and healthy populations living in agricultural and secondary landscapes of many range states.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Small-toothed palm civet</span> Species of carnivore

The small-toothed palm civet, also known as the three-striped palm civet, is a viverrid native to dense forests of Southeast Asia, from the Assam district of India to Indochina and the Malay Peninsula and on Sumatra, Bangka, Java, Borneo, and numerous small nearby islands of Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Masked palm civet</span> Species of carnivore

The masked palm civet, also called the gem-faced civet or Himalayan palm civet, is a viverrid species native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It has been listed as least concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008 as it occurs in many protected areas, is tolerant to some degree of habitat modification, and widely distributed with presumed large populations that are unlikely to be declining.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Javan mongoose</span> Species of mongoose from Asia

The Javan mongoose is a mongoose species native to Southeast Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viverrinae</span> Subfamily of carnivores

The Viverrinae represent the largest subfamily of the Viverridae comprising three genera, which are subdivided into six species native to Africa and Southeast Asia. This subfamily was denominated and first described by John Edward Gray in 1864.

<i>Viverra</i> Genus of carnivores

Viverra is a mammalian genus that was first named and described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 as comprising several species including the large Indian civet. The genus was subordinated to the viverrid family by John Edward Gray in 1821.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hemigalinae</span> Subfamily of carnivores

The Hemigalinae are a subfamily of the viverrids denominated and first described by John Edward Gray in 1864. Hemigalinae species are native to Southeast Asia from southern China through Indochina, Malay Peninsula to Sumatra, Borneo and Sulawesi.

<i>Urva</i> (genus) Genus of mongooses

Urva is a genus comprising the Asian mongooses within the mongoose family Herpestidae. Species in the genus were formerly classified in the genus Herpestes, which is now thought to comprise exclusively African mongooses; phylogenetic evidence indicates that the Asian mongooses form a monophyletic group and had an Asian common ancestor. Urva forms a clade with Xenogale and Atilax, while Herpestes forms a clade with all other African mongoose species.

References

  1. ↑ Gray, J. E. (1864). "A revision of the genera and species of viverrine animals (Viverridae), founded on the collection in the British Museum". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London for the Year 1864: 502–579.
  2. ↑ Pocock, R. I. (1933). "The rarer genera of oriental Viverridae". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 103 (4): 969–1035. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1933.tb01638.x.
  3. ↑ Pocock, R. I. (1939). "Paradoxurinae". The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. Mammalia. Volume 1. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 376–439.
  4. ↑ Cuvier, F. (1822). "Du genre Paradoxure et de deux espèces nouvelles qui s'y rapportent". In Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, É.; Cuvier, G. (eds.). Mémoires du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. Vol. 9. Paris: A. Belin. pp. 41–48.
  5. ↑ Pallas, P. S. (1778). "Das Zwitterstinktier Viverra hermaphrodita". In Schreber, J. C. D. (ed.). Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Erlangen: Wolfgang Walther. p. 426.
  6. ↑ Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R. J.; Choudhury, A.; Chutipong, W.; Willcox, D.H.A.; Mudappa, D.; Rahman, H.; Widmann, P.; Wilting, A. & Xu, W. (2016). "Paradoxurus hermaphroditus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T41693A45217835.
  7. ↑ Pallas, P. S. (1778). "Der Boshond Viverra zeylonensis". In Schreber, J. C. D. (ed.). Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Erlangen: Wolfgang Walther. pp. 451–452.
  8. ↑ Duckworth, J. W.; Mudappa, D.; Pethiyagoda, R.; Woolgar, J.; de Silva Wijeyeratne, G. & Hall, J. (2016). "Paradoxurus zeylonensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T41694A45218119.
  9. ↑ Blanford, W.T. (1855). "Exhibition and description of a skull of an apparently new Species of Paradoxurus (Paradoxurus jerdoni)". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 612–613.
  10. ↑ Mudappa, D.; Choudhury, A. & Punjabi, G. A. (2016). "Paradoxurus jerdoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T16104A45201757.
  11. ↑ Temminck, C. J. (1824). "XVII Genre Arctictis". Monographies de mammalogie. Paris: Dufour & d'Ocagne. p. xxi.
  12. ↑ Raffles, T. S. (1822). "XVII. Descriptive Catalogue of a Zoological Collection, made on account of the Honourable East India Company, in the Island of Sumatra and its Vicinity, under the Direction of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Lieutenant-Governor of Fort Marlborough', with additional Notices illustrative of the Natural History of those Countries". The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. XIII: 239–274.
  13. ↑ Willcox, D. H. A.; Chutipong, W.; Gray, T. N. E.; Cheyne, S.; Semiadi, G.; Rahman, H.; Coudrat, C. N. Z.; Jennings, A.; Ghimirey, Y.; Ross, J.; et al. (2016). "Arctictis binturong". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T41690A45217088.
  14. ↑ Gray, J. E. (1831). "Paguma". Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London. Vol. 1. London: Zoological Society of London. p. 95.
  15. ↑ Smith, C.H. (1827). "Gulo larvatus, the Masked Glutton". In Griffith, E. (ed.). The animal kingdom : arranged in conformity with its organization. Vol. 2. Mammalia. London: G.B. Whittaker. p. 281.
  16. ↑ Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R. J.; Chutipong, W.; Choudhury, A.; Mathai, J.; Willcox, D. H. A.; Ghimirey, Y.; Chan, B. & Ross, J. (2016). "Paguma larvata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T41692A45217601.
  17. ↑ Merriam, C. H. (1897). "The generic names Ictis, Arctogale, and Arctogalidia". Science. 5 (112): 302. doi:10.1126/science.5.112.302. PMID   17741859. S2CID   5336742.
  18. ↑ Gray, J. E. (1832). "On the family of Viverridae and its generic sub-divisions, with an enumeration of the species of several new ones". Proceedings of the Committee of Science and Correspondence of the Zoological Society of London. 2: 63–68.
  19. ↑ Willcox, D.H.A.; Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R. J.; Chutipong, W.; Choudhury, A.; Roberton, S.; Long, B.; Hearn, A. & Ross, J. (2016). "Arctogalidia trivirgata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T41691A45217378.
  20. ↑ Gaubert, P. & Cordeiro-Estrela, P. (2006). "Phylogenetic systematics and tempo of evolution of the Viverrinae (Mammalia, Carnivora, Viverridae) within feliformians: implications for faunal exchanges between Asia and Africa" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 41 (2): 266–278. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.034. PMID   16837215. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-04. Retrieved 2019-07-01. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  21. ↑ Nyakatura, K. & Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P. (2012). "Updating the evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia): a new species-level supertree complete with divergence time estimates". BMC Biology. 10: 12. doi: 10.1186/1741-7007-10-12 . PMC   3307490 . PMID   22369503.
  22. ↑ Savage, R. J. G. (1965). "Fossil mammals of Africa: 19, The Miocene Carnivora of East Africa". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). 10 (8): 239–316.
  23. ↑ Adrian, B.; Werdelin, L. & Grossman, A. (2018). "New Miocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from Moruorot and Kalodirr, Kenya" (PDF). Palaeontologia Electronica. 21 (1 10A): 1–19. doi: 10.26879/778 .
  24. ↑ Morales, J. & Pickford, M. (2005). "Carnivores from the Middle Miocene Ngorora Formation (13-12 Ma), Kenya" (PDF). Estudios Geológicos. 61 (3–6): 271–284. doi: 10.3989/egeol.05613-668 .
  25. 1 2 Werdelin, L. (2019). "Middle Miocene Carnivora and Hyaenodonta from Fort Ternan, western Kenya" (PDF). Geodiversitas. 41 (6): 267. doi: 10.5252/geodiversitas2019v41a6 . S2CID   146620949.
  26. ↑ Dehghani, R. & Werdelin, L. (2008). "A new small carnivoran from the Middle Miocene of Fort Ternan, Kenya". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 248 (2): 233–244. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2008/0248-0233.
  27. ↑ Grohé, C.; Bonis, L. D.; Chaimanee, Y.; Chavasseau, O.; Rugbumrung, M.; Yamee, C.; Suraprasit, K.; Gibert, C.; Surault, J.; Blondel, C.; Jaeger, J.-J. (2020). "The Late Middle Miocene Mae Moh Basin of Northern Thailand: The Richest Neogene Assemblage of Carnivora from Southeast Asia and a Paleobiogeographic Analysis of Miocene Asian Carnivorans". American Museum Novitates (3952): 1–57. doi:10.1206/3952.1. S2CID   219296152.


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