Bantoanon language

Last updated
Bantoanon
Asi
Binantoanon
Native to Philippines
Region Romblon
Native speakers
75,000 (2011) [1]
Dialects
  • Bantoanon
  • Odionganon
  • Calatravanhon
  • Sibalenhon
  • Simaranhon
Latin (Bantoanon Alphabet)
Baybayin locally known as Suyat (historical)
Language codes
ISO 639-3 bno
Glottolog bant1288
Bantoanon Language Map.png
Bantoanon language map
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Bantoanon [1] or Asi is a regional Bisayan language spoken, along with Romblomanon and Onhan, in the province of Romblon, Philippines. Asi originated in the island of Banton, Romblon and spread to the neighboring islands of Sibale, Simara, and the towns of Odiongan, San Andres and Calatrava on Tablas Island. The Asi spoken in Odiongan is called Odionganon, Calatravanhon in Calatrava, Sibalenhon in Concepcion, Simaranhon in Corcuera, and Bantoanon in Banton. The Asi language is closer to Western Visayan language like Karay-a than to Cebuano and Waray

Contents

Specifically, it is spoken on the following islands within Romblon:

Linguist David Zorc notes that Bantoanon speakers may have been the first Bisayan speakers in the Romblon region. He also suggests that Asi may have a Western Visayan substratum and that many of its words may have been influenced by the later influx of other languages such as Romblomanon. [3]

Nomenclature

While Bantoanon is the original and most common name of the language, the name Asi, meaning 'why', is also commonly used especially in formal and academic papers. The Commission on the Filipino Language or KWF prescribes the use of Ási [4] with the acute accent on the Á, although the native pronunciation is closer to Ásì with the acute Á and a grave accent on the ì. Considering that the language has four other dialects other than Bantoanon: Odionganon, Calatravanhon, Sibalenhon, and Simaranhon, Asi is occasionally used instead of Bantoanon to distinguish between the language and the dialect of it spoken in Banton. Speakers of dialects that have evolved through the Bantoanon diaspora prefer Asi, or just their dialect's name. In casual speech, however, native speakers often refer to the language as Bisaya, not to be confused with other Bisayan languages.

Sounds

Bantoanon has sixteen consonant phonemes: /p, t, k, ʔ, b, d, ɡ, s, h, m, n, ŋ, l, ɾ~r, w, j/. There are three vowel phonemes: /i, a, u/. The three vowels each have allophones of [ɪ, e, ɛ, ə], [ʌ], [o]. /i/ is always used as [i] when it is in the beginning and middle syllables, [e, ɛ] is always used when it is in final syllables, [ɪ] when in open-prestressed syllables, and as [ə] in word-final post-stressed syllables before /ɾ~r/. [ʌ] is heard as an allophone of /a/ when in closed syllables. The vowel [o] is an allophone of /u/, and is always heard when it is in final syllables. [5] This is one of the Philippine languages that do not exhibit [ɾ]-[d] allophony.

Grammar

Pronouns

AbsolutiveErgativeOblique
1st
person
singularakónako, koakò
pluralexclusivekaminamoamo
inclusivekitanatoato
2nd
person
singularikaw, kanimo, moimo
pluralkamoninroinro
3rd
person
singularsidanidaida
pluralsinraninrainra

Cardinal Numbers

One-digit
EnglishTagalogBantoanonSpanish-derived
oneisausáuno, una
twodalawaruhádos
threetatlotatlótres
fourapatap-átkuwatro
fivelimalimásingko
sixanimán-omsais
sevenpitopitósiyete
eightwalowayóotso
ninesiyamsidámnuwebe

Bantoanon speakers prefer using Spanish-derived or English numbers for financial situations.

Two-digit
EnglishTagalogBantoanonSpanish-derived
tensampusampúyòdiyes
elevenlabing-isasampúyò ag usáonse
twelvelabindalawasampúyò ag ruhádose
thirteenlabintatlosampúyò ag tatlótrese
fourteenlabing-apatsampúyò ag ap-átkatorse
fifteenlabinlimasampúyò ag limákinse
sixteenlabing-animsampúyò ag án-omdisisais
seventeenlabimpitosampúyò ag pitódisisiyete
eighteenlabingwalosampúyò ag wayódisiotso
nineteenlabinsiyamsampúyò ag sidámdisinuwebe
twentydalawampuruhámpúyòbaynte
twenty-onedalawampu't isaruhámpúyò ag usábaynte uno
twenty-twodalawampu't dalawaruhámpúyò ag ruhábaynte dos
twenty-threedalawampu't tatloruhámpúyò ag tatlóbaynte tres
thirtytatlumputatlómpúyòtreynta
fortyapatnapuap-át nak púyò,ap-átampúyòkuwarenta
fiftylimampulimámpúyòsingkuwenta
sixtyanimnapuán-om nak púyò,an-omnapúyòsesenta
seventypitumpupitómpúyòsesenta
eightywalumpuwayómpúyòotsenta
ninetysiyamnapusidámnapúyònobenta

For numbers 11 to 90, Bantoanon speakers rarely use Bantoanon numbers, but instead their Spanish-derived counterparts even in contexts not related to finances.

Three-digit
EnglishTagalogBantoanonSpanish-derived
one-hundredisang daanusáng gatós(un) siyento
two-hundreddalawang daanruháng gatósdos siyentos
three-hundredtatlong daantatlóng gatóstres siyentos
four-hundredapat na raanap-át nak gatóskuwatro siyentos
five-hundredlimang daanlimáng gatóskinyentos
six-hundredanim na raanán-om nak gatóssais siyentos
seven-hundredpitong daanpitóng gatóssiyete siyentos
eight-hundredwalong daanwayóng gatósotso siyentos
nine-hundredsiyam na raansidám nak gatósnuwebe siyentos
one-hundred-twenty-threeisang daan at dalawampu't tatlousáng gatós ag ruhampúyò ag tatlosiyento baynte'y tres
Four-digit and above
NumberTagalogBantoanonSpanish-derived
1,000isang libousáng líbo(un) mil
2,000dalawang liboruháng líbodos mil
10,000sampung libosampúyòng líbodiyes mil
100,000isang daang libousáng gatós nak líbosiyen mil
1,000,000isang milyonusáng milyón(un) milyon
1,234,567isang milyon dalawang daan at tatlumpu't apat na libo limang daan at animnapu't pitousáng milyón ruhámpúyòng gatós ag tatlómpúyòng ap-át nak líbo limáng gatós ag an-óm nak púyò ag pitó(un) milyon dos siyentos treynta'y kuwatro mil kinyentos sesenta'y siyete

Ordinal Numbers

EnglishTagalogBantoanonSpanish-derived
firstunaprimeroprimero
secondpangalawa,

ikalawa

pangaruhá, ikaruhásegundo
thirdpangatlo, ikatlopangatló, ikatatlotersero
fourthpang-apat, ika-apatpang ap-át, ikaap-átkuwarto
fifthpanlima, ikalimapanlima, ika-limákinto
sixthpang-anim, ikaanimpang-an-óm, ika-an-ómseksto
seventhpampito, ikapitopampito, ikapitóseptimo
eighthpangwalo, ikawalopangwayó, ikawayóoktabo
ninthpangsiyam, ikasiyampangsidám, ikasidámnobeno
tenthpangsampu, ikasampupangsampúyòdesimo

Legend

In Italics = rarely used and/or reconstructed based on existing vocabulary and grammar.

Examples

Basic Phrases
EnglishTagalogBantoanonKinaray-a
YesOoÓhòHuód
NoHindiIndî - used to refuse or reject.

Bukô - used when negating something.

Indi and Bëkën
Hello / How are you?Kumusta ka?Kumusta ka?Kumusta kaw?
I'm fine, how about you?Mabuti naman, ikaw?Maado ra, ikaw?Mayad man, ikaw?
What's your name?Anong pangalan mo?Nio ka imo ngayan?Ano imo ngaran?
My name is... / I am...Ako si...Ako si...Ako si...
How old are you?Ilang taon ka na?Piláng túigey ka?Pira kaw ka tuig?
I am 24 years old.Bente-kuwatro anyos na ako.Báynte-kuwátro ányosey akó.Baynte-kwatro anyos rën ako.
PleasePakiusapPalihogPalihog
Thank youSalamatSalamatSalamat
Thank you very muchMaraming SalamatMaramong Salamat,

Salamat nak gador

Rakë nga salamat.
I don't knowHindi ko alam.

Ewan.

Bukô náko ayám.

Ilam.

Wara ako kamáan.
Help!Tulong!Tábang!Tabang!
Help me!Tulungan n'yo 'ko!Tabángi akó!Buligi ako!, Tabangi ako!
Where is the restroom?Nasaan po ang CR?Hariin kag CR?Diin ang kasilyas?
How much is this?Magkano po ito?Tigpíla kalí?Tagpira dya?
What time is it?Anong oras na?Nióng órasey?Ano oras rën?
Just a minute!Sandali lang!Ánay yang!Danay lang/lamang!

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Bantoanon may refer to:

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References

  1. 1 2 Bantoanon at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed Access logo transparent.svg
  2. Gordon, M. Ruth; Kilgour, Heather J. (1986). Sociolinguistic Survey of Bantoanon. Studies in Philippine Linguistics, vol. 6, no. 2.
  3. Zorc, David Paul (1977). The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction. Pacific Linguistics, Series C, No. 44. Canberra: Australian National University. doi: 10.15144/PL-C44 . hdl: 1885/146594 . ISBN   0-85883-157-0.
  4. "Ási - Repositoryo ng Wika at Kultura ng Pilipinas". kwfwikaatkultura.ph.
  5. Kilgour, Heather J.; Hendrickson, Gail R. (1992). Bantoanon phonology. Studies in Philippine Linguistics 9. pp. 111–136.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)