Kalagan language

Last updated
Kalagan
Native to Philippines
Region Mindanao (Davao Region and a few parts in Caraga)
Ethnicity Kalagan people (or "Caragans" or "Caragas")
Native speakers
160,000 (2000–2002) [1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 Variously:
kqe   Kalagan
kll   Kagan Kalagan
klg   Tagakaulu Kalagan
Glottolog west2552

Kalagan is an Austronesian dialect cluster of the Davao Region of Mindanao in the Philippines. It is also spoken in a few parts of Caraga, still in Mindanao.

Contents

Distribution

Ethnologue lists the following locations for Kalagan.

Kalagan dialects are:

Other dialects include the Kagan Kalagan which is spoken near Digos in Davao del Sur Province where there are 6,000 speakers, and the Tagakaulo which is spoken mainly in Davao del Sur Province (western shore of Davao Gulf, from Digos south to Bugis and inland), Sarangani Province (Malungon Municipality), and also in Sultan Kudarat (Columbio municipality) and South Cotabato (Tampakan) provinces.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Dental/
Alveolar
Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative s
Rhotic ( ɾ )
Lateral l
Approximant w j

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Mid ɛ
Open a

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davao del Sur</span> Province in Davao Region, Philippines

Davao del Sur, officially the Province of Davao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is Digos. Davao City is the largest city in terms of area and population within the province's jurisdiction, yet it is administratively independent from the province; as such, Davao City is only grouped for geographical and statistical purposes and serves as the regional center of Davao Region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davao del Norte</span> Province in Davao Region, Philippines

Davao del Norte, officially the Province of Davao del Norte, is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital and largest city is Tagum. The province also includes Samal Island to the south in Davao Gulf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davao (province)</span> Former province of the Philippines

Davao, officially the Province of Davao, was a province in the Philippines on the island of Mindanao. The old province is coterminous with the present-day Davao Region or Region XI. It was divided into three provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao Oriental, and Davao del Sur with the passage of Philippine Republic Act No. 4867 on May 8, 1967. Two more provinces, Compostela Valley and Davao Occidental, were carved out of the territories of Davao del Norte and Davao del Sur respectively. The descendant provinces were reorganized into the current region in 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davao Region</span> Administrative region of the Philippines

Davao Region, formerly called Southern Mindanao, is an administrative region in the Philippines, designated as Region XI. It is situated at the southeastern portion of Mindanao and comprises five provinces: Davao de Oro, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, and Davao Occidental.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davao Oriental</span> Province of Davao Region, Philippines

Davao Oriental, officially the Province of Davao Oriental, is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is the city of Mati which is the most populous, and it borders the province of Davao de Oro to the west, and Agusan del Sur and Surigao del Sur to the north. The province is the traditional homeland of the Mandaya and Kalagan/Kaagan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davao de Oro</span> Province in Davao Region, Philippines

Davao de Oro, officially the Province of Davao de Oro, is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is Nabunturan while Monkayo is the most populous. It used to be part of the province of Davao del Norte until it was made a separate province in 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Digos</span> Capital of Davao del Sur, Philippines

Digos, officially the City of Digos, is a 1st class component city and capital of the province of Davao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 188,376 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maguindanao language</span> Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines

Maguindanaon, or Magindanawn is an Austronesian language spoken by Maguindanaon people who form majority of the population of eponymous provinces of Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur in the Philippines. It is also spoken by sizable minorities in different parts of Mindanao such as the cities of Zamboanga, Davao, General Santos, and Cagayan de Oro, and the provinces of North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, South Cotabato, Sarangani, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, Davao del Sur, Davao Occidental, Bukidnon as well as Metro Manila. As of 2020, the language is ranked to be the ninth leading language spoken at home in the Philippines with only 365,032 households still speaking the language.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Surigaonon language</span> Austronesian language of the Philippines

Surigaonon is an Austronesian language spoken by Surigaonon people. As a regional Philippine language, it is spoken in the province of Surigao del Norte, Dinagat Islands, Surigao del Sur, and some portions of Agusan del Norte, especially the towns near Lake Mainit, Agusan del Sur and Davao Oriental.

Kamayo, also called Kadi, Kinadi, or Mandaya, is a minor Austronesian language of the central eastern coast of Mindanao in the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ifugao language</span> Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines

Ifugao or Batad is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the northern valleys of Ifugao, Philippines. It is a member of the Northern Luzon subfamily and is closely related to the Bontoc and Kankanaey languages. It is a dialect continuum, and its four main varieties—such as Tuwali—are sometimes considered separate languages.

The legislative districts of Davao del Sur are the representations of the province of Davao del Sur in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its lone congressional district.

Butuanon is an Austronesian language spoken by the Butuanon people in Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur, with some native speakers in Misamis Oriental and Surigao del Norte. It is a part of the Bisayan language family and is closely related to other Philippine languages. As of 2007, Butuanon is believed to be spoken by fewer than 500 younger speakers in Butuan itself.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metro Davao</span> Metropolitan area in the Philippines

Metro Davao, officially Metropolitan Davao, is a metropolitan area in Mindanao, Philippines. It includes the cities of Davao, Digos, Mati, Panabo, Samal and Tagum and spanned parts of all five provinces of the Davao Region. Metro Davao is one of three metropolitan areas in the Philippines. It is administered by the Metropolitan Davao Development Authority. It is the largest metropolitan region by land area and the second most populous in the Philippines.

Agusan is a Manobo language of northeastern Mindanao in the Philippines.

Mandaya is an Austronesian language of Mindanao in the Philippines. It may be intelligible with Mansaka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kalagan people</span> Austronesian ethnic group of the southern Philippines

The Kalagan are a subgroup of the Mandaya-Mansaka people who speak the Kalagan language. The Kalagan comprise three subgroups which are usually treated as different tribes: the Tagakaulo, the Kagan, and the Kal’lao people of Samal. They are native to areas within Davao del Sur, Compostela Valley, Davao del Norte, Davao Oriental, and North Cotabato; between the territories of the Blaan people and the coastline. They were historically composed of small warring groups. They are renowned as agriculturalists, cultivating rice, corn, abaca, and coconut for cash crops, whereas their counterparts living along the coast practice fishing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tagabawa language</span> Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines

Tagabawa is a Manobo language of Davao City and Mount Apo in Mindanao, the Philippines. Tagabawa is spoken in Cotabato and Davao del Sur provinces, and on the slopes of Mount Apo west of Davao City, The language is spoken by the Bagobo Tagabawa people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iranun language</span> Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Southeast Asia

The Iranun language, also known as Iranon or Illanun, is an Austronesian language belonging to the Danao languages spoken in the provinces of Maguindanao del Norte and other part of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte, coastal municipalities of Zamboanga del Sur from Tukuran to Dumalinao and Cotabato in southern Philippines and the Malaysian state of Sabah. It is the second most spoken language in Maguindanao after the Maguindanao language.

Ata is a Manobo language of northeastern Mindanao of the Philippines. It is spoken in northwest Davao del Norte province, southeast Bukidnon province, Davao de Oro province, and Davao del Sur province.

References

  1. Kalagan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
    Kagan Kalagan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
    Tagakaulu Kalagan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Wendel, Asa & Dag (1978). Kaagan-Kalagan phonemic statement. Studies in Philippine Linguistics 2. pp. 191–203.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)