| Bugkalot | |
|---|---|
| Region | Eastern Nueva Vizcaya, Western Quirino, east Nueva Ecija, northwest Aurora, Philippines |
| Ethnicity | Bugkalot |
Native speakers | 6,000 (2010 census) [1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ilk |
| Glottolog | ilon1239 |
 Area where Bugkalot is spoken [1] | |
Bugkalot (also Ilongot) is a language of the indigenous Bugkalot people of northern Luzon, Philippines.
Ethnologue lists the following provinces in which Ilongot is spoken.
Ethnologue lists the following dialects.
Alternate names include Bugkalut, Bukalot, and Lingotes.
Aurora, officially the Province of Aurora, is a province in the Philippines located in the eastern part of Central Luzon region, facing the Philippine Sea. Its capital is Baler and borders, clockwise from the south, the provinces of Quezon, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, and Isabela. Maria Aurora is the only landlocked town in the province and yet, the most populous. It is the only province in Central Luzon that has no chartered cities.
Nueva Vizcaya, officially the Province of Nueva Vizcaya, is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. Its capital and largest town is Bayombong. It is bordered by Benguet to the west, Ifugao to the north, Isabela to the northeast, Quirino to the east, Aurora to the southeast, Nueva Ecija to the south, and Pangasinan to the southwest. Quirino province was created from Nueva Vizcaya in 1966.
Quirino, officially the Province of Quirino, is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. Its capital is Cabarroguis while Diffun is the most populous in the province. It is named after Elpidio Quirino, the sixth President of the Philippines.
The indigenous peoples of the Cordillera in northern Luzon, Philippines, often referred to by the exonym Igorot people, or more recently, as the Cordilleran peoples, are an ethnic group composed of nine main ethnolinguistic groups whose domains are in the Cordillera Mountain Range, altogether numbering about 1.8 million people in the early 21st century.
Jones, officially the Municipality of Jones, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 45,628 people.
San Agustin, officially the Municipality of San Agustin, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Isabela, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 22,096 people.
Alfonso Castañeda, officially the Municipality of Alfonso Castañeda, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 8,539 people, making it the least populated municipality in the province.
Maddela, officially the Municipality of Maddela, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Quirino, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 40,943 people.
Dupax, officially the Municipality of Dupax, was a municipality in the province of Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. Founded during the Spanish era, it was divided into Dupax del Norte and Dupax del Sur in 1971.
The Bugkalot are an indigenous peoples inhabiting the southern Sierra Madre and Caraballo Mountains, on the east side of Luzon in the Philippines, primarily in the provinces of Nueva Vizcaya and Nueva Ecija and along the mountain border between the provinces of Quirino and Aurora. They are also commonly referred to as "Ilongot", especially in older studies, but nowadays, the endonym Bugkalot is preferred in modern ethnic research. They were formerly headhunters.
Isnag is a language spoken by around 50, 101 Isnag people of Apayao Province in the Cordillera Administrative Region in the northern Philippines and they are also found in parts of Cagayan, and Ilocos Norte. Their populations are distributed across the municipalities of Calanasan, Kabugao, Pudtol, Flora, Luna, Santa Marcela, and Conner in Apayao; the eastern part of Ilocos Norte, specifically Adams, Carasi, Dumalneg, Vintar, Marcos, Dingras, Solsona, Bangui and Pagudpud; the northwestern part of Cagayan, particularly Santa Praxedes, Claveria, Sanchez Mira, and Pamplona; and the northern part of Abra, particularly Tineg. Around 85% of Isnag are capable of reading the Isnag language. Many Isnag speakers also speak Ilocano.
The Gaddang language is spoken by up to 30,000 speakers in the Philippines, particularly along the Magat and upper Cagayan rivers in the Region II provinces of Nueva Vizcaya and Isabela and by overseas migrants to countries in Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe, in the Middle East, United Kingdom and the United States. Most Gaddang speakers also speak Ilocano, the lingua franca of Northern Luzon, as well as Tagalog and English. Gaddang is associated with the "Christianized Gaddang" people, and is closely related to the highland tongues of Ga'dang with 6,000 speakers, Yogad, Cagayan Agta with less than 1,000 and Atta with 2,000, and more distantly to Ibanag, Itawis, Isneg and Malaweg.
The Meso-Cordilleran languages are a group of languages spoken in or near the Cordillera Central mountain range in Northern Luzon. Its speakers are culturally very diverse, and include the lowland Pangasinense, the Igorot highlanders, and Alta-speaking Aeta groups.
Arta is a highly endangered Negrito language of the northern Philippines.
Malaweg (Malaueg) is spoken by the Malaweg people in the northern part of the Philippines. Ethnologue lists it as a dialect of the Itawis language.
Mount Bintuod or Mount Dalimanoc is a mountain in the Sierra Madre range in the municipality of Alfonso Castañeda in Nueva Vizcaya province. It is probably the highest peak in the Philippines longest mountain range with a first GPS-based measurement of 1,932 metres (6,339 ft) above sea level, from an expedition in April 2012. There are no records of the first ascent, but local tribe people have long established paths.
Atta is an Austronesian dialect cluster spoken by the Aeta (Agta) Negritos of the northern Philippines.
Northern Alta is a distinctive Aeta language of the mountains of the Sierra Madre in Aurora province, Northern Philippines. Linguist Lawrence Reid reports two different Alta languages, Northern and Southern Alta, which form one of the high nodes of the Northern Luzon languages, together with the South-Central Cordilleran subgroup. Although the Alta languages are genetically related, they have a low level of mutual intelligibility.
Central Cagayan Agta, also known as Labin Agta, is an Aeta language of northern Cagayan Province, Philippines. It is spoken by the Aeta Negritos in inland areas located to the east and northeast of Baggao (Ethnologue).
The Casecnan Protected Landscape is a protected area in the Casecnan River watershed of eastern Luzon in the Philippines. It has a total area of 88,846.80 hectares straddling the provinces of Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino and Aurora. The 57,930-hectare (143,100-acre) Casecnan River Watershed Forest Reserve was established in August 1987 by virtue of Executive Order No. 136 issued by President Corazon Aquino. In April 2000, the forest reserve was enlarged to 88,846.80 hectares and was reclassified as a protected landscape area through Proclamation No. 289. It is considered one of the last remaining substantial water sources for the region of Central Luzon.
Indigenous Peoples of the Cordillera (Igorot) | ||
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