Umiray Dumaget language

Last updated
Umiray Dumaget
Native to Philippines
Region Aurora & Quezon, Luzon
Native speakers
(3,000 cited 1994) [1]
Austronesian
Language codes
ISO 639-3 due
Glottolog umir1236

Umiray Dumaget is an Aeta language spoken in southern Luzon Island, Philippines.

Contents

Location

Umiray Dumaget is spoken along the Pacific coast of eastern Luzon, Philippines from just south of Baler, Aurora to the area of Infanta, Quezon, and on the northern coast of Polillo Island. [2] Himes (2002) reports little dialectal variation.

Reid (1994) [3] reports the following locations for Umiray Dumaget (Central Agta).

Phonology

Consonants

Umiray Dumaget consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ( ʔ )
voiced b d ɡ
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative s
Trill r
Lateral l
Approximant w j

[ʔ] only appears in loanwords. [4]

Vowels

Umiray Dumaget vowels
Front Back
Close i u
Open a

Classification

Umiray Dumaget is difficult to classify. Himes (2002) posits a Greater Central Philippine connection. [4] However, Lobel (2013) [5] :230 believes that Umiray Dumaget may be a primary branch of the Philippine languages, or may be related to the Northeastern Luzon languages, Sambali-Ayta (Central Luzon), or Manide and Inagta Alabat. According to Lobel (2013), Umiray Dumaget does not subgroup in the Central Philippine or even Greater Central Philippine branches. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malayo-Polynesian languages</span> Major subgroup of the Austronesian language family

The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken by the Austronesian peoples outside of Taiwan, in the island nations of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia in the areas near the Malay Peninsula, with Cambodia, Vietnam and the Chinese island Hainan as the northwest geographic outlier. Malagasy, spoken in the island of Madagascar off the eastern coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean, is the furthest western outlier.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurora (province)</span> Province in Central Luzon, Philippines

Aurora, officially the Province of Aurora, is a province in the Philippines located in the eastern part of Central Luzon region, facing the Philippine Sea. Its capital is Baler and borders, clockwise from the south, the provinces of Quezon, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, and Isabela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Luzon</span> Administrative region of the Philippines

Central Luzon, designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines, primarily serving to organize the 7 provinces of the vast central plains of the island of Luzon, for administrative convenience. The region contains the largest plain in the country and produces most of the country's rice supply, earning itself the nickname "Rice Granary of the Philippines". Its provinces are: Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac and Zambales. Pangasinan was formerly a province of Central Luzon before President Marcos signed Presidential Decree No. 1, 1972, incorporating it into Ilocos Region. Additionally, the province of Aurora was part of the defunct political region Southern Tagalog when the region was divided into Calabarzon and Mimaropa, upon the issuance of Executive Order No. 103, dated May 17, 2002, by then-President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, which transferred Aurora to Central Luzon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bisayan languages</span> Language family of the Philippines

The Bisayan languages or Visayan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken in the Philippines. They are most closely related to Tagalog and the Bikol languages, all of which are part of the Central Philippine languages. Most Bisayan languages are spoken in the whole Visayas section of the country, but they are also spoken in the southern part of the Bicol Region, islands south of Luzon, such as those that make up Romblon, most of the areas of Mindanao and the province of Sulu located southwest of Mindanao. Some residents of Metro Manila also speak one of the Bisayan languages.

The Central Philippine languages are the most geographically widespread demonstrated group of languages in the Philippines, being spoken in southern Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao, and Sulu. They are also the most populous, including Tagalog, Bikol, and the major Visayan languages Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Kinaray-a, and Tausug, with some forty languages all together.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine languages</span> Proposed branch of the Austronesian language family

The Philippine languages or Philippinic are a proposed group by R. David Paul Zorc (1986) and Robert Blust that include all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi, Indonesia—except Sama–Bajaw and the Molbog language—and form a subfamily of Austronesian languages. Although the Philippines is near the center of Austronesian expansion from Formosa, there is little linguistic diversity among the approximately 150 Philippine languages, suggesting that earlier diversity has been erased by the spread of the ancestor of the modern Philippine languages.

Ambala is a Sambalic language spoken in the Philippines. It has more than 2,000 speakers and is spoken within Aeta communities in the Zambal municipalities of Subic, San Marcelino, and Castillejos; in the city of Olongapo; and in Dinalupihan, Bataan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hatang Kayi language</span> Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines

Remontado, also known in literature as Sinauna, Kabalat, Remontado Dumagat, and more commonly by the autonym Hatang-Kayi, is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Tanay, Rizal, General Nakar, Quezon, Rodriguez, Rizal and Antipolo, in the Philippines. It is one of the Philippine Negrito languages. It is a moribund language.

The Greater Central Philippine languages are a proposed subgroup of the Austronesian language family, defined by the change of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *R to *g. They are spoken in the central and southern parts of the Philippines, and in northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. This subgroup was first proposed by Robert Blust (1991) based on lexical and phonological evidence, and is accepted by most specialists in the field.

Arta is a highly endangered Negrito language of the northern Philippines.

Manide is a Philippine language spoken throughout the province of Camarines Norte in Bicol region and near the eastern edge of Quezon in Southern Tagalog of southern Luzon in the Philippines. Manide is spoken by nearly 4,000 Negrito people, most of whom reside in the towns of Labo, Jose Panganiban, and Paracale.

The Negrito peoples of the Philippines speak various Philippine languages. They have more in common with neighboring languages than with each other, and are listed here merely as an aid to identification.

Inagta Rinconada is a Bikol language spoken by a semi-nomadic hunter-gatherer Agta (Negrito) people of the Philippines. It is spoken to the east of Iriga City up to the shores of Lake Buhi. The language is largely intelligible with Mount Iraya Agta on the other side of the lake.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Alta language</span> Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines

Southern Alta, is a distinctive Aeta language of the mountains of northern Philippines. Southern Alta is one of many endangered languages that risks being lost if it is not passed on by current speakers. Most speakers of Southern Alta also speak Tagalog.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern Alta language</span> Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines

Northern Alta is a distinctive Aeta language of the mountains of the Sierra Madre in Aurora province, Northern Philippines. Linguist Lawrence Reid reports two different Alta languages, Northern and Southern Alta, which form one of the high nodes of the Northern Luzon languages, together with the South-Central Cordilleran subgroup. Although the Alta languages are genetically related, they have a low level of mutual intelligibility.

Casiguran Dumagat Agta, also known as Casiguran Agta, is a Northeastern Luzon language spoken in the northern Philippines. It is spoken by around 610 speakers, most of whom live in the San Ildefonso Peninsula, across the bay from Casiguran, Aurora.

Kasiguranin (Casiguranin) is a Tagalogic language that is indigenous to the Casiguran town of Aurora in the northern Philippines. It is descended from an early Tagalog dialect that had borrowed heavily from Northeastern Luzon Agta languages, and, to a lesser extent, from Ilocano, Bikol languages, Kapampangan, Gaddang, Itawis and Ibanag, which were spoken by settlers from other parts of the Philippines.

Dumagat literally means "sea-faring" or "person who lives near or frequents the sea" in Philippine languages.

Ati (Inati), or Binisaya nga Inati, is an Austronesian language of the island of Panay in the Philippines. The variety spoken in northern Panay is also called Sogodnin. The Ati people also speak Kinaray-a and Hiligaynon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern Luzon languages</span> Subgroup of the Austronesian language family

The Northern Luzon languages are one of the few established large groups within Philippine languages. These are mostly located in and around the Cordillera Central of northern Luzon in the Philippines. Among its major languages are Ilocano, Pangasinan and Ibanag.

References

  1. Umiray Dumaget at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Himes 2002:275–276
  3. Reid, Lawrence A. 1994. "Possible Non-Austronesian Lexical Elements in Philippine Negrito Languages." In Oceanic Linguistics, Vol. 33, No. 1 (Jun. 1994), pp. 37–72.
  4. 1 2 Himes, Ronald S. 2002. The relationship of Umiray Dumaget to other Philippine languages. Oceanic Linguistics 41(2):275–294. JSTOR   3623311.
  5. Lobel, Jason William. 2013. Philippine and North Bornean languages: issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction. Ph.D. dissertation. Manoa: University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
  6. Lobel 2013:275