Champaign County, Illinois

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Champaign County
Champaign County Courthouse Urbana Illinois from north.jpg
The Champaign County Courthouse in Urbana
Map of Illinois highlighting Champaign County.svg
Location within Illinois
Map of USA IL.svg
Illinois' location within the United States
Coordinates: 40°6′59″N88°14′36″W / 40.11639°N 88.24333°W / 40.11639; -88.24333
CountryUnited States
State Illinois
Region Central Illinois
Metro area Champaign–Urbana Metropolitan
Incorporated Feb 20, 1833
County seat Urbana
Largest city Champaign
Area
  Total998 sq mi (2,580 km2)
  Land996 sq mi (2,580 km2)
  Water2.1 sq mi (5 km2)
  Rank 5th largest county in Illinois
Population
 (2020)
  Total205,865
  Density210/sq mi (80/km2)
Time zone UTC−6 (Central)
  Summer (DST) UTC−5 (Central)
ZIP Code prefixes
60949, 61801, 61802, 61815, 61816, 61820-61822, 61840, 61843, 61845, 61847, 61849, 61851-61853, 61859, 61862-61864, 61866, 61871-61875, 61877, 61878, 61880
Area codes 217/447
Congressional district 2nd, 13th, 15th
Website www.co.champaign.il.us/HeaderMenu/Home.php
Elected countywide officials
Champaign County, IL
Office Name Party
County Executive Steve Summers Democrat
Assessor Paula Bates Democrat
Auditor George P. Danos Democrat
County Board Chairman Kyle Patterson Democrat
County Board Majority Kyle Patterson Democrat
Circuit Clerk Susan W. McGrath Democrat
County Clerk Aaron Ammons Democrat
Coroner Duane E. Northrup Republican
Recorder Aaron Ammons Democrat
Sheriff Dustin Heuerman Democrat
State's Attorney Julia Rietz Democrat
Treasurer Cassandra Johnson Democrat

Champaign County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 205,865, [1] making it the 10th-most populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Urbana. [2]

Contents

Champaign County is part of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area. The twin cities of Urbana and Champaign are the only cities in the county, and they nearly surround the campus of the University of Illinois.

History

Champaign County was organized in 1833, having been previously a part of Vermilion County. [3] The development of the county was greatly furthered by the arrival of the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central Railroad, and even more by the establishment of the land-grant university. Later, the county also got an airport and a mass transit district. The northern part of the county experienced an economic and demographic setback with the closing of Chanute Air Force Base in the 1990s. In the 2004 Presidential election, it was one of only 15 of the 102 Illinois counties where John Kerry received a majority of the vote (50.37%). [4]

Geography

The county is 27 miles wide (east–west) and 36 miles long (north–south). [5] Its area is 998 square miles (2,580 km2), of which 996 square miles (2,580 km2) is land and 2.1 square miles (5.4 km2) (0.2%) is water. [6] It is the fifth-largest county in Illinois by land area.

Because Champaign County is situated on a large and very flat plateau, it had virtually no natural drainage, so that much of the County consisted of wetlands until drainage ditches were built, beginning in the 1870s. This was an example of an upland marsh, which resulted in a high incidence of malaria before the late nineteenth century.

The topography of Champaign County was formed by the Wisconsin glaciation about 20,000 years before the present. Lobes of ice from what is now Lake Michigan crossed the county, creating a deep pile of glacial soil, up to 300 feet thick, topped by numerous moraines forming small, flat watersheds with no outlets.

Champaign County is situated on the divide between the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Rivers flow out of Champaign County to the east, west, and south. The Kaskaskia River has its origin to the northwest of Champaign, draining the western side of that City. The Kaskaskia flows toward the southwest, joining the Mississippi south of St. Louis, Missouri.

The Embarras River, on the other hand, drains the south-central portion of Champaign–Urbana, originating in southeastern Champaign and flowing through the experimental fields on the southern part of the campus of the University of Illinois. The Embarras is a tributary to the Wabash River and Ohio River systems. The northeast corner of Champaign, the central portion of the University campus, and the northern part of Urbana are drained by the Boneyard Creek, which flows into the Saline Branch, a tributary of the Vermilion and Wabash rivers.

Champaign County Courthouse in Urbana Champaign County Courthouse.jpg
Champaign County Courthouse in Urbana

Adjacent counties

Transportation

Corn and soybean fields dominate the rural parts of Champaign County Corn fields near Royal, Illinois.jpg
Corn and soybean fields dominate the rural parts of Champaign County

Major highways

Airports

The following public-use airports are located in the county: [7]

Rail

There are two train stations in Champaign County: The Illinois Terminal in downtown Champaign and Rantoul station in Rantoul. Both stations are served by the Amtrak Illini and Saluki trains, which operate once daily between Chicago and Carbondale. The Illinois Terminal is also served by the City of New Orleans, which operates once daily between Chicago and New Orleans. [8] Amtrak passenger trains in Champaign County use the former Illinois Central mainline, which is owned by the Canadian National Railway and also used by freight trains. [9] [10]

The Norfolk Southern Railway operates two branch lines in Champaign County: the Mansfield Line from Urbana to Mansfield and the Lafayette District from Decatur to Peru, Indiana. [11] [12] Canadian National also operates branch lines from Champaign to Seymour and Rantoul to Dewey. Traffic on the branch lines is limited and consists primarily of freight.

Intercity buses

Amtrak, Greyhound, and Peoria Charter operate intercity buses from Champaign–Urbana to Chicago, St. Louis, Indianapolis, and other destinations. [13] [14]

Public transit

The Champaign–Urbana Mass Transit District operates public city buses in Champaign, Urbana, and Savoy. [15]

Champaign County Area Rural Transit System (C-CARTS) operates local bus service in Rantoul, as well as a route connecting Rantoul to Champaign–Urbana. [16]

Renewable energy

In August 2018, the Champaign County Board voted to approve solar farms on certain agricultural properties. Solar farms produce photovoltaic energy, which is energy produced by cells that generate electricity when they are hit by light. The board approved solar farms in AG-1 and AG-2 agricultural zoning districts. In order to make the solar farms, developers must obtain a special permit from the county board first. At least seven applications for permits were submitted in the first month. [17]

Climate and weather

Urbana, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
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Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source:The Weather Channel [18]
Metric conversion
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Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Urbana have ranged from a low of 16 °F (−9 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −25 °F (−32 °C) was recorded in January 1999 and a record high of 109 °F (43 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.90 inches (48 mm) in January to 4.80 inches (122 mm) in May. [18]

Demographics

2000 census age pyramid for Champaign County with a marked mode for college-aged individuals due to the presence of the University of Illinois. USA Champaign County, Illinois age pyramid.svg
2000 census age pyramid for Champaign County with a marked mode for college-aged individuals due to the presence of the University of Illinois.
Historical population
CensusPop.Note
1840 1,475
1850 2,64979.6%
1860 14,629452.2%
1870 32,737123.8%
1880 40,86324.8%
1890 42,1593.2%
1900 47,62213.0%
1910 51,8298.8%
1920 56,9599.9%
1930 64,27312.8%
1940 70,5789.8%
1950 106,10050.3%
1960 132,43624.8%
1970 163,28123.3%
1980 168,3923.1%
1990 173,0252.8%
2000 179,6693.8%
2010 201,08111.9%
2020 205,8652.4%
U.S. Decennial Census [19]
1790–1960 [20] 1900–1990 [21]
1990–2000 [22] 2010–2019 [1]

As of the 2010 census, there were 201,081 people, 80,665 households, and 42,737 families residing in the county. [23] The population density was 201.8 inhabitants per square mile (77.9/km2). There were 87,569 housing units at an average density of 87.9 per square mile (33.9/km2). [6] The racial makeup of the county was 73.4% white, 12.4% black or African American, 8.9% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 2.2% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 5.3% of the population. [23] In terms of ancestry, 23.9% were German, 12.2% were Irish, 11.5% were American, and 8.9% were English. [24]

Of the 80,665 households, 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.7% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 47.0% were non-families, and 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.95. The median age was 28.9 years. [23]

The median income for a household in the county was $45,262 and the median income for a family was $65,785. Males had a median income of $45,823 versus $35,321 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,553. About 9.7% of families and 20.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.2% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over. [25]

The Champaign County Economic Development Corporation (CHCEDC) produced a 2009 County Demographic Profile which includes information on the population, labor, housing, cost of living, education, taxes, retail sales, transportation, quality of life, utilities. [26] CHCEDC also conducts labor force studies every two years and labor shed studies every few years. [27]

Economy

Supported by the University of Illinois, through backings such as the Research Park, and Champaign County leaders, the area has shown even more growth in Information Technology, Micro/Nanotechnology, Bio-Imaging, Healthcare, Logistics, Distribution, and Agribusiness in recent years. [28]

As of 2023, the top 15 employers in the county are the University of Illinois, Carle Foundation Hospital, Champaign Schools Unit 4, Kraft Heinz, OSF Healthcare, Parkland College, Kirby Foods, Christie Clinic, Champaign County Government, Urbana School District #116, FedEx, Plastipak, Rantoul Foods, Busey Bank, and SuperValu. [29]

Communities

Cities

Villages

Map of Champaign County Map of Champaign County Illinois.png
Map of Champaign County

Townships

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated places

Politics

Champaign County, along with Peoria County is a reliable state bellwether, having voted for Illinois' statewide winner in every presidential election since 1964.Like most of central Illinois, Champaign County was powerfully Republican between the Civil War and the latter portion of the 20th century. From 1856 to 1988, it only supported a Democrat three times, in the national Democratic landslides of 1932, 1936 and 1964. Pockets of Democratic support existed in the cities of Champaign and Urbana, which frequently sent Democrats to the Illinois House of Representatives.

Since 1992, Champaign County has been one of the few Democratic bastions in central Illinois, and has become one of the most Democratic counties in downstate Illinois. It has supported a Democrat in the last eight presidential elections, and since 2004 has given a majority to Democratic candidates. This tracks closely with the strong Democratic trend in other counties influenced by college towns since the 1990s. The county's more rural precincts are still heavily Republican, however, they are no match for Champaign and Urbana, which account for over 60 percent of the county's population. George H. W. Bush in 1988 was the last Republican to carry the county, and Barack Obama's 2008 performance was the best by a Democrat until Joe Biden's 2020 performance surpassed it. Donald Trump had a particularly poor showing in the county in both 2016 and 2020, receiving a little over 35% of the vote, his third-worst showing in the state and his worst outside the Chicago area.

United States presidential election results for
Champaign County, Illinois [30]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No.%No.%No.%
2020 35,28536.92%57,06759.71%3,2213.37%
2016 33,36836.42%50,13754.72%8,1238.87%
2012 35,31244.92%40,83151.94%2,4663.14%
2008 33,87140.13%48,59757.57%1,9402.30%
2004 39,89648.40%41,52450.37%1,0141.23%
2000 34,64546.64%35,51547.81%4,1255.55%
1996 28,23242.50%32,45448.86%5,7438.65%
1992 27,09635.61%35,00346.00%13,99318.39%
1988 33,24752.36%29,73346.82%5190.82%
1984 39,22458.61%27,26640.74%4350.65%
1980 33,32950.99%21,01732.16%11,01416.85%
1976 34,54654.74%26,85842.56%1,7032.70%
1972 33,70057.43%24,74342.17%2360.40%
1968 26,02753.50%18,42537.87%4,1968.63%
1964 22,01046.04%25,79253.96%00.00%
1960 27,79361.16%17,11537.66%5331.17%
1956 28,19067.06%13,79932.82%510.12%
1952 27,18865.91%13,95133.82%1120.27%
1948 19,15660.88%11,57236.78%7372.34%
1944 18,93557.46%13,84242.00%1770.54%
1940 20,31453.26%17,56346.04%2670.70%
1936 15,80845.77%18,20352.71%5241.52%
1932 13,99545.04%16,47453.02%6011.93%
1928 19,49468.28%8,91531.23%1410.49%
1924 14,24462.81%5,22123.02%3,21214.16%
1920 15,57371.83%5,24724.20%8613.97%
1916 14,63257.82%9,60137.94%1,0714.23%
1912 3,22025.62%4,45435.43%4,89638.95%
1908 7,16257.15%4,83038.54%5394.30%
1904 6,95461.10%3,75432.98%6745.92%
1900 6,66055.06%5,01541.46%4203.47%
1896 6,78057.66%4,64339.49%3352.85%
1892 5,29050.93%4,50243.35%5945.72%

Education

Here is a list of K–12 school districts with territory in the county, no matter how slight, even if the districts have their schools and/or administrative offices in other counties: [31]

K–12:

Secondary:

Elementary:

University of Illinois lies in the county.

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

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  16. "Deviated Fixed-Routes" . Retrieved June 2, 2023.
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  24. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
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Bibliography

40°08′N88°12′W / 40.14°N 88.20°W / 40.14; -88.20