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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name (1S,2R,3S,5R,6R,7R,9S,12R)-2-Hydroxy-7-methyl-12-prop-1-en-2-ylspiro[4,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.2.1.02,7.03,5]dodecane-6,2'-oxirane]-11-one | |
| Other names Coriamyrtine | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
PubChem CID | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C15H18O5 | |
| Molar mass | 278.304 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Coriamyrtin is a toxic γ-lactone naturally present in a multitude of plants.
Coriamyrtin can be found in Scurrula parasitica , [2] Coriaria microphylla , [3] and certain other plants.
Coriamyrtin is a convulsant. [4] It appears to act via antagonism of GABAA receptors. [5] Poisoning is usually from ingestion of parts of the plants containing it. A case of poisoning was able to be treated with repeated administration of diazepam, an anticonvulsant. [6]
Disodium citrate, also known as disodium hydrogen citrate, (Neo-Alkacitron) and sesquihydrate, is an acid salt of citric acid with the chemical formula Na2C6H6O7. It is used as an antioxidant in food and to improve the effects of other antioxidants. It is also used as an acidity regulator and sequestrant. Typical products include gelatin, jam, sweets, ice cream, carbonated beverages, milk powder, wine, and processed cheeses.
γ-Amanitin (gamma-Amanitin) is a cyclic peptide of eight amino acids. It is an amatoxin, a group of toxins isolated from and found in several members of the mushroom genus Amanita, one being the death cap as well as the destroying angel, a complex of similar species, principally A. virosa and A. bisporigera. The compound is highly toxic, inhibits RNA polymerase II, disrupts synthesis of mRNA, and can be fatal.
Deptropine (Brontina) also known as dibenzheptropine, is an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties acting at the H1 receptor. It is usually marketed as the citrate salt.
Acetarsol is an anti-infective drug.
Arsenic triiodide is the inorganic compound with the formula AsI3. It is an orange to dark red solid that readily sublimes. It is a pyramidal molecule that is useful for preparing organoarsenic compounds.
Fluorenol, also known as hydrafinil, is an alcohol derivative of fluorene. In the most significant isomer, fluoren-9-ol or 9-hydroxyfluorene, the hydroxy group is located on the bridging carbon between the two benzene rings. Hydroxyfluorene can be converted to fluorenone by oxidation. It is a white-cream colored solid at room temperature.
Etoglucid is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is an epoxide compound.
A thienodiazepine is a heterocyclic compound containing a diazepine ring fused to a thiophene ring.
Demeton, sold as an amber oily liquid with a sulphur like odour under the name Systox, is an organophosphate derivative causing irritability and shortness of breath to individuals repeatedly exposed. It was used as a phosphorothioate insecticide and acaricide and has the chemical formula C8H19O3PS2. Although it was previously used as an insecticide, it is now largely obsolete due to its relatively high toxicity to humans. Demeton consists of two components, demeton-S and demeton-O in a ratio of approximately 2:1 respectively. The chemical structure of demeton is closely related to military nerve agents such as VX and a derivative with one of the ethoxy groups replaced by methyl was investigated by both the US and Soviet chemical-weapons programs under the names V-sub x and GD-7.
Neoendorphins are a group of endogenous opioid peptides derived from the proteolytic cleavage of prodynorphin. They include α-neoendorphin and β-neoendorphin. The α-neoendorphin is present in greater amounts in the brain than β-neoendorphin. Both are products of the dynorphin gene, which also expresses dynorphin A, dynorphin A-(1-8), and dynorphin B. These opioid neurotransmitters are especially active in Central Nervous System receptors, whose primary function is pain sensation. These peptides all have the consensus amino acid sequence of Try-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met (met-enkephalin) or Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu ( leu-enkephalin). Binding of neoendorphins to opioid receptors (OPR), in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons results in the reduction of time of calcium-dependent action potential. The α-neoendorphins bind OPRD1(delta), OPRK1(kappa), and OPRM1 (mu) and β-neoendorphin bind OPRK1.
Coriaria ruscifolia is a plant of the Coriariaceae family.
Dioscorine is an alkaloid toxin isolated from the tubers of tropical yam on several continents. It has been used as a monkey poison in some African countries, and as an arrow poison to aid in hunting in several parts of Asia. It was first isolated from Dioscorea hirsute by Boorsma in 1894 and obtained in a crystalline form by Schutte in 1897, and has since been found in other Dioscorea species. Dioscorine is a neurotoxin that acts by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Dioscorine is generally isolated in tandem with other alkaloids such as dioscin but is usually the most potent toxin in the mixture. It is a convulsant, producing symptoms similar to picrotoxin, with which it shares a similar mechanism of action.
Diethyl maleate is an organic compound with the CAS Registry number 141-05-9. It is chemically a maleate ester with the formula C8H12O4. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature. It has the IUPAC name of diethyl (Z)-but-2-enedioate.
3,3-Dimethylhexane is a colourless, odourless liquid, chemical compound in the family of hydrocarbons which has a formula of C8H18. It is an isomer of octane, where two methylene hydrogens at the third position in a hexane molecule have been replaced with two methyl groups.
Alkali citrate is an inhibitor of kidney stones. It is used to increase urine citrate levels - this prevents calcium oxalate stones by binding to calcium and inhibiting its binding to oxalate. It is also used to increase urine pH - this prevents uric acid stones and cystine stones.
Laccaic acids or laccainic acids are a group of five anthraquinone derivatives, designated A through E, which are components of the red shellac obtained from the insect Kerria lacca, similar to carminic acid and kermesic acid. This article focuses primarily on laccaic acid A (LCA).
Corymine, also known as NSC381080, is a natural alkaloid found in Hunteria zeylanica.
6-Methylapigenin is a naturally occurring flavonoid and a derivative of apigenin. It has activity at GABAA receptors as a positive modulator.
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