List of capital cities by elevation

Last updated

La Paz, Bolivia La Paz Skyline.jpg
La Paz, Bolivia
Quito, Ecuador Quito calle Garcia Moreno.jpg
Quito, Ecuador
Bogota, Colombia BOGOTA CITY.jpg
Bogotá, Colombia
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Addis in night.jpg
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Thimphu, Bhutan Bhutan (49691577612).jpg
Thimphu, Bhutan
Asmara, Eritrea Asmara, veduta 01.JPG
Asmara, Eritrea
Sana'a, Yemen Sanaa HDR (16482367935).jpg
Sana'a, Yemen
Mexico City, Mexico Sobrevuelos CDMX HJ2A4913 (25514321687).jpg
Mexico City, Mexico
Tehran, Iran North of tehran Ir.jpg
Tehran, Iran
Kabul, Afghanistan Kabul TV Hill view.jpg
Kabul, Afghanistan
Nairobi, Kenya Nairobi skyline P1000021.jpg
Nairobi, Kenya
Kathmandu, Nepal Kathmandu Valley view from Bhasmasur hill.jpg
Kathmandu, Nepal

This is a list of national capitals ordered by elevation. Higher elevations typically have social, economic, and architectural effects on cities, in particular colder temperatures in winter. Low elevation cities are often seaports or are close to the sea.

Contents

The first country on the main list, Bolivia, is a country with multiple capitals; La Paz is the seat of the government while Sucre is the constitutional capital.

The second list below contains several states with limited recognition.

The values can vary slightly between sources due to selection of reference points. For cities indicated as zero above sea, the shore was selected as references, even if main squares or streets rarely are below two meters since that would make them sensitive to flooding at high tide or certain weather types.

List

Member and observer states of the United Nations

CountryCapitalElevation (m)Elevation (ft)
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia La Paz (government seat)3,64011,942
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador Quito 2,8509,350
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia Sucre (de jure capital)2,7909,220
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia Bogotá 2,6258,612
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Addis Ababa 2,3557,726
Flag of Bhutan.svg  Bhutan Thimphu 2,3347,657
Flag of Eritrea.svg  Eritrea Asmara 2,3257,628
Flag of Yemen.svg  Yemen Sanaʽa 2,2507,382
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico Mexico City 2,2407,350
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Tehran 2,0406,692
Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Nairobi 1,7955,889
Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan Kabul 1,7905,873
Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia Windhoek 1,7215,646
Flag of Lesotho.svg  Lesotho Maseru 1,6735,489
Flag of Rwanda.svg  Rwanda Kigali 1,5675,141
Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala Guatemala City 1,5295,016
Flag of Burundi.svg  Burundi Gitega 1,5044,934
Flag of Zimbabwe.svg  Zimbabwe Harare 1,4834,865
Flag of Nepal.svg    Nepal Kathmandu 1,4004,593
Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 1,3504,429
Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Antananarivo 1,2884,226
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Pretoria 1,2714,170
Flag of Zambia.svg  Zambia Lusaka 1,2704,167
Flag of Eswatini.svg  Eswatini Mbabane 1,2434,078
Flag of Uganda.svg  Uganda Kampala 1,1903,904
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica San José 1,1463,760
Flag of Tanzania.svg  Tanzania Dodoma 1,1203,675
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Brasília 1,0793,540
Flag of Malawi.svg  Malawi Lilongwe 1,0243,360
Flag of Andorra.svg  Andorra Andorra la Vella 1,0233,356
Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras Tegucigalpa 9903,250
Flag of Armenia.svg  Armenia Yerevan 9893,246
Flag of Botswana.svg  Botswana Gaborone 9833,225
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Ankara 9383,077
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela Caracas 9092,982
Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan Amman 9002,953
Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan Dushanbe 7892,589
Flag of Palestine.svg  Palestine East Jerusalem and Ramallah [Note 1] 779 (and 880)2,557 (and 2,890)
Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria Abuja 7772,549
Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg  Kyrgyzstan Bishkek 7712,530
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel Jerusalem 7542,474
Flag of Cameroon.svg  Cameroon Yaoundé 7262,382
Flag of the Syrian revolution.svg  Syria Damascus 6912,267
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Madrid 6672,188
Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador San Salvador 6582,159
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Riyadh 6242,047
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Canberra 6051,985
Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria Sofia 5601,840
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan Islamabad 5601,830
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo 5501,800
Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan Juba 5501,800
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Bern 5421,778
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Santiago 5211,709
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan Tashkent 4591,506
Flag of Liechtenstein.svg  Liechtenstein Vaduz 4551,493
Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia Tbilisi 4511,480
Flag of Sudan.svg  Sudan Khartoum 3771,237
Flag of the Central African Republic.svg  Central African Republic Bangui 3691,211
Flag of Mali.svg  Mali Bamako 3491,145
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Astana 3381,109
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino San Marino 3281,076
Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  Burkina Faso Ouagadougou 3051,001
Flag of Chad.svg  Chad N'Djamena 298978
Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Ljubljana 281922
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg Luxembourg 273896
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Prague 244801
Flag of North Macedonia.svg  North Macedonia Skopje 243797
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa 240787
Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Ivory Coast Yamoussoukro 217712
Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  Turkmenistan Ashgabat 215705
Flag of India.svg  India New Delhi 210689
Flag of Niger.svg  Niger Niamey 207679
Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus Minsk 198650
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Vienna 170558
Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus Nicosia 170557
Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine Kyiv 168551
Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg  Congo Brazzaville 155509
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru Lima 154506
Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Athens 153502
Flag of Laos.svg  Laos Vientiane 174570
Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg  São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé 141463
Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Bratislava 131430
Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Zagreb 130427
Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania Vilnius 124407
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Moscow 124407
Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia Belgrade 116381
Flag of the Comoros.svg  Comoros Moroni 110361
Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea Malabo 107351
Flag of Albania.svg  Albania Tirana 104341
Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Budapest 102335
Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti Port-au-Prince 98322
Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana Accra 98322
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Warsaw 93305
Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg  Micronesia, Federated States of Palikir 90300
Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova Chișinău 80263
Flag of Myanmar.svg  Myanmar Naypyidaw 77253
Flag of Belize.svg  Belize Belmopan 76250
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Brussels 76249
Flag of Sierra Leone.svg  Sierra Leone Freetown 76249
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua Managua 83272
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Ottawa 74243
Flag of Palau.svg  Palau Ngerulmud 72236
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania Bucharest 70230
Flag of Oman.svg  Oman Muscat 68223
Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique Maputo 63207
Flag of Togo (3-2).svg  Togo Lomé 63207
Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro Podgorica 61200
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 60197
Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon Beirut 55180
Flag of Malta.svg  Malta Valletta 54186
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Asunción 54177
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica Kingston 53174
Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Rabat 53174
Flag of Mauritius.svg  Mauritius Port Louis 50170
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Beijing 44144
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay Montevideo 43141
Flag of Vatican City (2023-present).svg  Vatican City Vatican City 41135
Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq Baghdad 40131
Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg  Papua New Guinea Port Moresby 39128
Flag of Benin.svg  Benin Porto-Novo 38125
Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia Tallinn 37121
Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal Dakar 37121
Flag of France.svg  France Paris 34112
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Berlin 34112
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Seoul 33108
Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg  Solomon Islands Honiara 2995
Flag of Somalia.svg  Somalia Mogadishu 2892
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Helsinki 2582
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam Hanoi 2582
Flag of Grenada.svg  Grenada Saint George's 2582
Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Cairo 2272
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Tokyo 1756
Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland Reykjavík 1549
Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Lisbon 1549
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Stockholm 1549
Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia Phnom Penh 1549
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Rome 1446
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom London 1446
Flag of Qatar.svg  Qatar Doha 1343
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi 1343
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Oslo 1240
Flag of East Timor.svg  East Timor Dili 1136
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Buenos Aires 1033
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Wellington 1032
Flag of Nauru.svg  Nauru Yaren 930
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia Jakarta 826
Flag of Ireland.svg  Republic of Ireland Dublin 826
Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia Riga 826
Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines Manila 723
Flag of Bahrain.svg  Bahrain Manama 620
Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea Pyongyang 620
Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados Bridgetown 620
Flag of Angola.svg  Angola Luanda 620
Flag of Libya.svg  Libya Tripoli 620
Flag of Mauritania.svg  Mauritania Nouakchott 620
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Copenhagen 516
Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait Kuwait 516
Flag of Sri Lanka.svg  Sri Lanka Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte 413
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba Havana 413
Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh Dhaka 310
Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg  Marshall Islands Majuro 310
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas Nassau 27
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  St. Lucia Castries 27
Flag of the United States.svg  United States Washington, D.C. 27
Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria Algiers 13
Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Bangkok 13
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname Paramaribo 13
Flag of Monaco.svg  Monaco Monaco City 00
Flag of Brunei.svg  Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan 00
Flag of Maldives.svg  Maldives Malé 00
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore Singapore 00
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  Antigua and Barbuda Saint John's 00
Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica Roseau 00
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic Santo Domingo 00
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana Georgetown 00
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama Panama City 00
Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre 00
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  St. Vincent and the Grenadines Kingstown 00
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain 00
Flag of Cape Verde.svg  Cape Verde Praia 00
Flag of Djibouti.svg  Djibouti Djibouti 00
Flag of Gabon.svg  Gabon Libreville 00
Flag of The Gambia.svg  Gambia Banjul 00
Flag of Guinea.svg  Guinea Conakry 00
Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg  Guinea-Bissau Bissau 00
Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia Monrovia 00
Flag of Seychelles.svg  Seychelles Victoria 00
Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia Tunis 00
Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji Suva 00
Flag of Kiribati.svg  Kiribati South Tarawa 00
Flag of Samoa.svg  Samoa Apia 00
Flag of Tonga.svg  Tonga Nuku'alofa 00
Flag of Tuvalu.svg  Tuvalu Vaiaku 00
Flag of Vanuatu.svg  Vanuatu Port Vila 00
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Amsterdam −2−7
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan Baku −28−92

Other states (including de facto independent states, autonomous region and dependencies)

CountryCapitalAltitude (m)Altitude (ft)
Flag of Tibet.svg  Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa 3,65611,995
Flag of Somaliland.svg  Somaliland [Note 2] Hargeisa 1,3344,377
Flag of South Ossetia.svg South Ossetia [Note 2] Tskhinvali 8602,820
Flag of Kosovo.svg  Kosovo [Note 2] Pristina 6031,977
Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic [Note 2] Tifariti and Laayoune 490 (and 68)1,610 (and 223)
Flag of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg  Northern Cyprus [Note 2] North Nicosia 130428
Flag of Transnistria (state).svg  Transnistria [Note 2] Tiraspol 2685
Flag of Greenland.svg  Greenland Nuuk 516
Flag of the Republic of Abkhazia.svg  Abkhazia [Note 2] Sukhumi 516
Flag of Sint Eustatius.svg  Sint Eustatius Oranjestad 413
Flag of Aruba.svg  Aruba Oranjestad 413
Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg  Cayman Islands George Town 310
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan [Note 3] [Note 2] Taipei 00
Snake Flag of Martinique.svg Martinique Fort-de-France 00
Flag of Hong Kong.svg  Hong Kong Hong Kong 00
Flag of Saint Helena.svg  Saint Helena Jamestown 00
Flag of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.svg Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint-Pierre 00
Flag of French Guiana.svg French Guiana Cayenne 00
Flag of Montserrat.svg  Montserrat Brades 00
Flag of Tristan da Cunha.svg  Tristan da Cunha Edinburgh of the Seven Seas 00
Flag of Bermuda.svg  Bermuda Hamilton 00
Flag of Macau.svg  Macau Nam Van 00
Flag of Niue.svg  Niue Alofi 00
Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg  Faroe Islands Tórshavn 00
Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg  British Virgin Islands Road Town 00
Flag of Anguilla.svg  Anguilla The Valley 00
Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg  United States Virgin Islands Charlotte Amalie 00
Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg  Turks and Caicos Islands Cockburn Town 00
Unofficial flag of Guadeloupe (local).svg Guadeloupe Basse-Terre 00
Flag of Curacao.svg  Curaçao Willemstad 00
Flag of France.svg Saint Martin Marigot 00
Flag of Bonaire.svg  Bonaire Kralendijk 00
Flag of Gibraltar.svg  Gibraltar Gibraltar 00
Flag of Sint Maarten.svg Sint Maarten Philipsburg 00

See also

Notes

  1. The State of Palestine (according to the Basic Law of Palestine, Title One: Article 3) regards Jerusalem as its capital. But the documents of the PLO's Negotiations Affairs Department (NAD) often refer to East Jerusalem (rather than the whole of Jerusalem) as a future capital, and sometimes as the current capital. One of its 2010 documents, described as "for discussion purposes only", says that Palestine has a '"vision"' for a future in which "East Jerusalem ... shall be the capital of Palestine, and West Jerusalem shall be the capital of Israel", [1] and one of its 2013 documents refers to "Palestine's capital, East Jerusalem", and states that "Occupied East Jerusalem is the natural socio-economic and political center for the future Palestinian state", while also stating that "Jerusalem has always been and remains the political, administrative and spiritual heart of Palestine" and that "The Palestinian acceptance of the 1967 border, which includes East Jerusalem, is a painful compromise". [2]
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 See: List of states with limited recognition.
  3. In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei, which serves as the seat of government to this day. The CCP established the People's Republic. As such, the political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC instead of the ROC: most states recognize the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.

References

  1. PLO-NAD, June 2010, Jerusalem Non-Paper Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine on Statements and Speeches Archived 24 June 2013 at archive.today , nad-plo.org; accessed 25 November 2014. Extracts from page 2:"This paper is for discussion purposes only. Nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.

    Palestinian vision for Jerusalem
    ...
    Pursuant to our vision, East Jerusalem, as defined by its pre-1967 occupation municipal borders, shall be the capital of Palestine, and West Jerusalem shall be the capital of Israel, with each state enjoying full sovereignty over its respective part of the city."
  2. PLO-Negotiations Affairs Department (NAD), August 2013, East Jerusalem today – Palestine's Capital: The 1967 border in Jerusalem and Israel's illegal policies on the ground Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine , nad-plo.org; accessed 25 November 2014, Quotes:" ... Palestine's capital, East Jerusalem ... The Palestinian acceptance of the 1967 border, which includes East Jerusalem, is a painful compromise: ... Jerusalem has always been and remains the political, administrative and spiritual heart of Palestine. Occupied East Jerusalem is the natural socio-economic and political center for the future Palestinian state."