List of capital cities by elevation

Last updated

La Paz, Bolivia La Paz Skyline.jpg
La Paz, Bolivia
Quito, Ecuador Quito calle Garcia Moreno.jpg
Quito, Ecuador
Bogota, Colombia BOGOTA CITY.jpg
Bogotá, Colombia
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Addis in night.jpg
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Thimphu, Bhutan Bhutan (49691577612).jpg
Thimphu, Bhutan
Asmara, Eritrea Asmara, veduta 01.JPG
Asmara, Eritrea
Sana'a, Yemen Sanaa HDR (16482367935).jpg
Sana'a, Yemen
Mexico City, Mexico Sobrevuelos CDMX HJ2A4913 (25514321687).jpg
Mexico City, Mexico
Tehran, Iran North of tehran Ir.jpg
Tehran, Iran
Kabul, Afghanistan Kabul TV Hill view.jpg
Kabul, Afghanistan
Nairobi, Kenya Nairobi skyline P1000021.jpg
Nairobi, Kenya
Kathmandu, Nepal Kathmandu Valley view from Bhasmasur hill.jpg
Kathmandu, Nepal

This is a list of national capitals ordered by elevation. Higher elevations typically have social, economic, and architectural effects on cities, in particular colder temperatures in winter. Low elevation cities are often seaports or are close to the sea.

Contents

The first country on the main list, Bolivia, is a country with multiple capitals; La Paz is the seat of the government while Sucre is the constitutional capital.

The second list below contains several states with limited recognition.

The values can vary slightly between sources due to selection of reference points. For cities indicated as zero above sea, the shore was selected as references, even if main squares or streets rarely are below two meters since that would make them sensitive to flooding at high tide or certain weather types.

List

Member and observer states of the United Nations

CountryCapitalElevation (m)Elevation (ft)
Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia La Paz (government seat)3,64011,942
Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador Quito 2,8509,350
Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia Sucre (de jure capital)2,7909,220
Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia Bogotá 2,6258,612
Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia Addis Ababa 2,3557,726
Flag of Bhutan.svg Bhutan Thimphu 2,3347,657
Flag of Eritrea.svg Eritrea Asmara 2,3257,628
Flag of Yemen.svg Yemen Sanaʽa 2,2507,382
Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico Mexico City 2,2407,350
Flag of Iran.svg Iran Tehran 2,0406,692
Flag of Kenya.svg Kenya Nairobi 1,7955,889
Flag of the Taliban.svg Afghanistan Kabul 1,7905,873
Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia Windhoek 1,7215,646
Flag of Lesotho.svg Lesotho Maseru 1,6735,489
Flag of Rwanda.svg Rwanda Kigali 1,5675,141
Flag of Guatemala.svg Guatemala Guatemala City 1,5295,016
Flag of Burundi.svg Burundi Gitega 1,5044,934
Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe Harare 1,4834,865
Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal Kathmandu 1,4004,593
Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 1,3504,429
Flag of Madagascar.svg Madagascar Antananarivo 1,2884,226
Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa Pretoria 1,2714,170
Flag of Zambia.svg Zambia Lusaka 1,2704,167
Flag of Eswatini.svg Eswatini Mbabane 1,2434,078
Flag of Uganda.svg Uganda Kampala 1,1903,904
Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica San José 1,1463,760
Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania Dodoma 1,1203,675
Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil Brasília 1,0793,540
Flag of Malawi.svg Malawi Lilongwe 1,0243,360
Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra Andorra la Vella 1,0233,356
Flag of Honduras (2022-present).svg Honduras Tegucigalpa 9903,250
Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia Yerevan 9893,246
Flag of Botswana.svg Botswana Gaborone 9833,225
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Ankara 9383,077
Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela Caracas 9092,982
Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan Amman 9002,953
Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan Dushanbe 7892,589
Flag of Palestine.svg Palestine East Jerusalem and Ramallah [Note 1] 779 (and 880)2,557 (and 2,890)
Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria Abuja 7772,549
Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan Bishkek 7712,530
Flag of Israel.svg Israel Jerusalem 7542,474
Flag of Cameroon.svg Cameroon Yaoundé 7262,382
Flag of Syria (2025-).svg Syria Damascus 6912,267
Flag of Spain.svg Spain Madrid 6672,188
Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador San Salvador 6582,159
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia Riyadh 6242,047
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Canberra 6051,985
Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria Sofia 5601,840
Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan Islamabad 5601,830
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo 5501,800
Flag of South Sudan.svg South Sudan Juba 5501,800
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Bern 5421,778
Flag of Chile.svg Chile Santiago 5211,709
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Uzbekistan Tashkent 4591,506
Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein Vaduz 4551,493
Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia Tbilisi 4511,480
Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan Khartoum 3771,237
Flag of the Central African Republic.svg Central African Republic Bangui 3691,211
Flag of Mali.svg Mali Bamako 3491,145
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan Astana 3381,109
Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino San Marino 3281,076
Flag of Burkina Faso.svg Burkina Faso Ouagadougou 3051,001
Flag of Chad.svg Chad N'Djamena 298978
Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Ljubljana 281922
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Luxembourg 273896
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Prague 244801
Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia Skopje 243797
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg Democratic Republic of the Congo Kinshasa 240787
Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg Ivory Coast Yamoussoukro 217712
Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan Ashgabat 215705
Flag of India.svg India New Delhi 210689
Flag of Niger.svg Niger Niamey 207679
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Minsk 198650
Flag of Austria.svg Austria Vienna 170558
Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus Nicosia 170557
Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine Kyiv 168551
Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg Congo Brazzaville 155509
Flag of Peru.svg Peru Lima 154506
Flag of Greece.svg Greece Athens 153502
Flag of Laos.svg Laos Vientiane 174570
Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé 141463
Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia Bratislava 131430
Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia Zagreb 130427
Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Vilnius 124407
Flag of Russia.svg Russia Moscow 124407
Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia Belgrade 116381
Flag of the Comoros.svg Comoros Moroni 110361
Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg Equatorial Guinea Malabo 107351
Flag of Albania.svg Albania Tirana 104341
Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Budapest 102335
Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti Port-au-Prince 98322
Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana Accra 98322
Flag of Poland.svg Poland Warsaw 93305
Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg Micronesia, Federated States of Palikir 90300
Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova Chișinău 80263
Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar Naypyidaw 77253
Flag of Belize.svg Belize Belmopan 76250
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium Brussels 76249
Flag of Sierra Leone.svg Sierra Leone Freetown 76249
Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua Managua 83272
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada Ottawa 74243
Flag of Palau.svg Palau Ngerulmud 72236
Flag of Romania.svg Romania Bucharest 70230
Flag of Oman.svg Oman Muscat 68223
Flag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique Maputo 63207
Flag of Togo (3-2).svg Togo Lomé 63207
Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro Podgorica 61200
Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 60197
Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon Beirut 55180
Flag of Malta.svg Malta Valletta 54186
Flag of Paraguay.svg Paraguay Asunción 54177
Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica Kingston 53174
Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco Rabat 53174
Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius Port Louis 50170
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China Beijing 44144
Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay Montevideo 43141
Flag of Vatican City (2023-present).svg Vatican City Vatican City 41135
Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq Baghdad 40131
Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg Papua New Guinea Port Moresby 39128
Flag of Benin.svg Benin Porto-Novo 38125
Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Tallinn 37121
Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal Dakar 37121
Flag of France.svg France Paris 34112
Flag of Germany.svg Germany Berlin 34112
Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea Seoul 33108
Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg Solomon Islands Honiara 2995
Flag of Somalia.svg Somalia Mogadishu 2892
Flag of Finland.svg Finland Helsinki 2582
Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam Hanoi 2582
Flag of Grenada.svg Grenada Saint George's 2582
Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt Cairo 2272
Flag of Japan.svg Japan Tokyo 1756
Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland Reykjavík 1549
Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal Lisbon 1549
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Stockholm 1549
Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia Phnom Penh 1549
Flag of Italy.svg Italy Rome 1446
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom London 1446
Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar Doha 1343
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi 1343
Flag of Norway.svg Norway Oslo 1240
Flag of East Timor.svg East Timor Dili 1136
Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina Buenos Aires 1033
Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Wellington 1032
Flag of Nauru.svg Nauru Yaren 930
Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia Jakarta 826
Flag of Ireland.svg Republic of Ireland Dublin 826
Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Riga 826
Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines Manila 723
Flag of Bahrain.svg Bahrain Manama 620
Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea Pyongyang 620
Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados Bridgetown 620
Flag of Angola.svg Angola Luanda 620
Flag of Libya.svg Libya Tripoli 620
Flag of Mauritania.svg Mauritania Nouakchott 620
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Copenhagen 516
Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait Kuwait 516
Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte 413
Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba Havana 413
Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh Dhaka 310
Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg Marshall Islands Majuro 310
Flag of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas Nassau 27
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg St. Lucia Castries 27
Flag of the United States.svg United States Washington, D.C. 27
Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria Algiers 13
Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand Bangkok 13
Flag of Suriname.svg Suriname Paramaribo 13
Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco Monaco City 00
Flag of Brunei.svg Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan 00
Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives Malé 00
Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Singapore 00
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg Antigua and Barbuda Saint John's 00
Flag of Dominica.svg Dominica Roseau 00
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic Santo Domingo 00
Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana Georgetown 00
Flag of Panama.svg Panama Panama City 00
Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre 00
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg St. Vincent and the Grenadines Kingstown 00
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain 00
Flag of Cape Verde.svg Cape Verde Praia 00
Flag of Djibouti.svg Djibouti Djibouti 00
Flag of Gabon.svg Gabon Libreville 00
Flag of The Gambia.svg Gambia Banjul 00
Flag of Guinea.svg Guinea Conakry 00
Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau Bissau 00
Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia Monrovia 00
Flag of Seychelles.svg Seychelles Victoria 00
Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia Tunis 00
Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji Suva 00
Flag of Kiribati.svg Kiribati South Tarawa 00
Flag of Samoa.svg Samoa Apia 00
Flag of Tonga.svg Tonga Nuku'alofa 00
Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu Vaiaku 00
Flag of Vanuatu.svg Vanuatu Port Vila 00
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Amsterdam −2−7
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan Baku −28−92

Other states (including de facto independent states, autonomous region and dependencies)

CountryCapitalAltitude (m)Altitude (ft)
Flag of Tibet.svg Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa 3,65611,995
Flag of Somaliland.svg Somaliland [Note 2] Hargeisa 1,3344,377
Flag of South Ossetia.svg South Ossetia [Note 2] Tskhinvali 8602,820
Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo [Note 2] Pristina 6031,977
Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic [Note 2] Tifariti and Laayoune 490 (and 68)1,610 (and 223)
Flag of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg Northern Cyprus [Note 2] North Nicosia 130428
Flag of Transnistria (state).svg Transnistria [Note 2] Tiraspol 2685
Flag of Greenland.svg Greenland Nuuk 516
Flag of the Republic of Abkhazia.svg Abkhazia [Note 2] Sukhumi 516
Flag of Sint Eustatius.svg Sint Eustatius Oranjestad 413
Flag of Aruba.svg Aruba Oranjestad 413
Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg Cayman Islands George Town 310
Flag of the Republic of China.svg Taiwan [Note 3] [Note 2] Taipei 00
Snake Flag of Martinique.svg Martinique Fort-de-France 00
Flag of Hong Kong.svg Hong Kong Admiralty 00
Flag of Saint Helena.svg Saint Helena Jamestown 00
Flag of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.svg Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint-Pierre 00
Flag of French Guiana.svg French Guiana Cayenne 00
Flag of Montserrat.svg Montserrat Brades 00
Flag of Tristan da Cunha.svg Tristan da Cunha Edinburgh of the Seven Seas 00
Flag of Bermuda.svg Bermuda Hamilton 00
Flag of Macau.svg Macau Nam Van 00
Flag of Niue.svg Niue Alofi 00
Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg Faroe Islands Tórshavn 00
Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg British Virgin Islands Road Town 00
Flag of Anguilla.svg Anguilla The Valley 00
Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg United States Virgin Islands Charlotte Amalie 00
Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg Turks and Caicos Islands Cockburn Town 00
Unofficial flag of Guadeloupe (local).svg Guadeloupe Basse-Terre 00
Flag of Curacao.svg Curaçao Willemstad 00
Flag of France.svg Saint Martin Marigot 00
Flag of Bonaire.svg Bonaire Kralendijk 00
Flag of Gibraltar.svg Gibraltar Gibraltar 00
Flag of Sint Maarten.svg Sint Maarten Philipsburg 00

See also

Notes

  1. The State of Palestine (according to the Basic Law of Palestine, Title One: Article 3) regards Jerusalem as its capital. But the documents of the PLO's Negotiations Affairs Department (NAD) often refer to East Jerusalem (rather than the whole of Jerusalem) as a future capital, and sometimes as the current capital. One of its 2010 documents, described as "for discussion purposes only", says that Palestine has a '"vision"' for a future in which "East Jerusalem ... shall be the capital of Palestine, and West Jerusalem shall be the capital of Israel", [1] and one of its 2013 documents refers to "Palestine's capital, East Jerusalem", and states that "Occupied East Jerusalem is the natural socio-economic and political center for the future Palestinian state", while also stating that "Jerusalem has always been and remains the political, administrative and spiritual heart of Palestine" and that "The Palestinian acceptance of the 1967 border, which includes East Jerusalem, is a painful compromise". [2]
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 See: List of states with limited recognition.
  3. In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei, which serves as the seat of government to this day. The CCP established the People's Republic. As such, the political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC instead of the ROC: most states recognize the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.

References

  1. PLO-NAD, June 2010, Jerusalem Non-Paper Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine on Statements and Speeches Archived 24 June 2013 at archive.today , nad-plo.org; accessed 25 November 2014. Extracts from page 2:"This paper is for discussion purposes only. Nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.

    Palestinian vision for Jerusalem
    ...
    Pursuant to our vision, East Jerusalem, as defined by its pre-1967 occupation municipal borders, shall be the capital of Palestine, and West Jerusalem shall be the capital of Israel, with each state enjoying full sovereignty over its respective part of the city."
  2. PLO-Negotiations Affairs Department (NAD), August 2013, East Jerusalem today – Palestine's Capital: The 1967 border in Jerusalem and Israel's illegal policies on the ground Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine , nad-plo.org; accessed 25 November 2014, Quotes:" ... Palestine's capital, East Jerusalem ... The Palestinian acceptance of the 1967 border, which includes East Jerusalem, is a painful compromise: ... Jerusalem has always been and remains the political, administrative and spiritual heart of Palestine. Occupied East Jerusalem is the natural socio-economic and political center for the future Palestinian state."