Northeast Asia

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Northeast Asia
Sea of Okhotsk map with state labels.png
Area9,600,000 km²
(3,700,000 sq mi)
Population341.55 million (2024)
Population density143/km² (370/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)$31.88 trillion (2024)
Demonym Northeast Asian
CountriesFlag of Japan.svg Japan (Japanese archipelago)
Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea; Flag of North Korea.svg North Korea (Korean peninsula) Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China (Northeast China & Manchuria)
Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia (Inner Mongolia & Mongolian Plateau)
Flag of Russia.svg Russia (Russian Far East & Siberia)
Languages Japonic, Koreanic, Tungusic, Sino-Tibetan, Mongolic, Slavic

Northeast Asia or Northeastern Asia is a geographical subregion of Asia. Its northeastern landmass and islands are bounded by the North Pacific Ocean.

Contents

The term Northeast Asia was popularized during the 1930s by American historian and political scientist Robert Kerner. Under Kerner's definition, "Northeast Asia" includes the Japanese archipelago, the Korean peninsula, the Mongolian Plateau, the Northeast China Plain, and the mountainous regions of the Russian Far East, stretching from the Lena River in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. [1]

Definitions

The definition of Northeast Asia is not static but often changes according to the context in which it is discussed.

The nations of Northeast Asia is composed of Japan, Korea, China (Northeast region & Manchuria), and usually includes Mongolia and Siberia. Parts or the whole of Northern China are also frequently included in sources. [2] [3] [4] The Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia defines the region as the aforementioned countries, including Russia. [5]

Prominent cities in this area include Busan, Changchun, Dalian, Harbin, Hiroshima, Incheon, Khabarovsk, Kitakyushu, Kobe, Kyoto, Nagasaki, Nagoya, Osaka, Pyongyang, Sapporo, Seoul, Shenyang, Tokyo, Ulaanbaatar, Vladivostok, and Yokohama.

Demographics

The peoples of Northeast Asia include the Japanese, the Koreans, the Manchus, the Northern/Northeastern Han Chinese, the Mongols, and the Slavs. Through these groups, the region includes language families such as Japonic, Koreanic, Tunguisic, Sino-Tibetan, Mongolic, and Slavic.

The total population count is around 341.55 million in 2024 with a population density of 143/km² (370/sq mi).

Economy

The world's largest automobile manufacturing plant in South Korea Hyundai car assembly line.jpg
The world's largest automobile manufacturing plant in South Korea

Northeast Asia is one of the most important economic regions of the world, accounting for 25.3% of the world's nominal GDP in 2019, [6] which is slightly larger than the United States. It is also one of the major political centers and has significant influence on international relations.

By the end of the 1990s, Northeast Asia had a share of 12% of the global energy consumption, with a strong increasing trend. [7]

By 2030, the major economic growth in the region is expected to double or triple this share.

Biogeography

In biogeography, Northeast Asia generally refers roughly to the area spanning the Japanese archipelago, the Korean peninsula, Northeast China, and the Russian Far East between Lake Baikal in southern Siberia and the Pacific Ocean. [8]

Northeast Asia is mainly covered by temperate forest, taiga, and the Eurasian Steppe, while tundra is found in the region's far north. Summer and winter temperatures are highly contrasted. It is also a mountainous area.

See also

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Narangoa 2014, p. 2.
  2. ↑ "Northeast Asia dominates patent filing growth." Retrieved on August 8, 2001.
  3. ↑ Schott, Jeffrey J.; Goodrich, Ben. "Economic Integration in Northeast Asia" (PDF). Peterson Institute for International Economics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
  4. ↑ Gilbert Rozman (2004), Northeast asia's stunted regionalism: bilateral distrust in the shadow of globalization. Cambridge University Press, pp. 3–4
  5. ↑ Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia (1999). Japan and Russia in Northeast Asia: Partners in the 21st Century. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 248.
  6. ↑ Song, Linlin; Spezza, Gianluca (2023). "The Northeast Asian Economic Review". ERINA - Economic Research Institute of Northeast Asia. 8 (1): 1.
  7. ↑ "Environmental Information Network in North East Asia Region". www.npec.or.jp.
  8. ↑ Guo, Rongxing (2012-01-01), Guo, Rongxing (ed.), "11 - The Tumen River Delta: Development and the Environment", Developments in Environmental Science, Cross-Border Resource Management, vol. 10, Elsevier, pp. 307–323, doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-098319-6.00011-x

Sources

  • Narangoa, Li (2014). Historical Atlas of Northeast Asia, 1590-2010: Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, Eastern Siberia. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. ISBN   9780231160704.
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