Zabaykalsky Krai

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Zabaykalsky Krai
Krai
Забайкальский край
Flag of Zabaykalsky Krai.svg
Flag
Coat of arms of Zabaykalsky Krai.svg
Coat of arms
Map of Russia (2014-2022) - Zabaykalsky Krai.svg
Coordinates: 54°00′N118°00′E / 54.000°N 118.000°E / 54.000; 118.000
Country Russia
Federal district Far Eastern [1]
Economic region Far Eastern [2]
Administrative center Chita
Government
 • Body Legislative Assembly [3]
 •  Governor [3] Aleksandr Osipov
Area
[4]
 • Total431,892 km2 (166,754 sq mi)
 • Rank 12th
Population
 (2021 census) [5]
 • Total1,004,125
 • Estimate 
(2018) [6]
1,072,806
 • Rank 50th
 • Density2.3/km2 (6.0/sq mi)
 •  Urban
69.1%
 •  Rural
30.9%
Time zone UTC+9 (MSK+6   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg [7] )
ISO 3166 code RU-ZAB
License plates 75, 80
OKTMO ID76000000
Official languages Russian [8]
Website http://www.забайкальскийкрай.рф

Zabaykalsky Krai [lower-alpha 1] is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107. [9]

Contents

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District. [10]

Geography

The krai is located within the historical region of Transbaikalia (Dauria) and has extensive international borders with China (Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang) (998 km) and Mongolia (Dornod Province, Khentii Province and Selenge Province) (868 km); its internal borders are with Irkutsk Oblast and Amur Oblast, as well as with Buryatia and the Sakha Republic. The Khentei-Daur Highlands are located at the southwestern end. The Ivan-Arakhley Lake System is a group of lakes lying west of Chita.

Upper Middle River Sakukan, Kalarsky District. Verkhov'ia reki Srednii Sakukan.jpg
Upper Middle River Sakukan, Kalarsky District.
The Chara Sands, a desert like area in the middle of Siberia, as seen near Novaya Chara. The Kodar Mountains lie in the background. Kodar from charskie peski.jpg
The Chara Sands, a desert like area in the middle of Siberia, as seen near Novaya Chara. The Kodar Mountains lie in the background.

History

The first traces of human presence in the area dates to 35 to 150 thousand years ago. Early evidence was found on the surface of ancient river gravels Gyrshelunki (tributary of the Khilok River) near the city of Chita, near Ust-Menza on the Chikoy River.

Based on toponyms, Zabaykalsky might have once been inhabited by a non documented, extinct Yeniseian language. [11]

Mongolic-related Slab Grave cultural monuments are found in Baikal territory. [12] The territory of Zabaykalsky Krai has been governed by the Xiongnu Empire (209 BC-93 CE) and Mongolian Xianbei state (93-234), Rouran Khaganate (330–555), Mongol Empire (1206–1368) and Northern Yuan (1368–1691). [13] Medieval Mongol tribes like Merkit, Tayichiud, Jalairs and Khamag Mongols inhabited in the krai. [13] In the 17th century, some or all of Mongolic-speaking Daurs lived along the Shilka, upper Amur, and on the Bureya River. They thus gave their name to the region of Dauria, also called Transbaikal, now the area of Russia east of Lake Baikal. Today Buryat-Mongols remained in the territory of the krai.

Preliminary work on the unification of the Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug was started at the level of regional authorities in April 2006. The governor of Chita Oblast Ravil Geniatulin, mayor of the Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug Bair Zhamsuyev, head of the regional parliament Anatoly Romanov, and Dashi Dugarov sent a letter to the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin, and on 17 November 2006, he supported the initiative.

A referendum on unification took place on 11 March 2007. In Chita Oblast, "yes" was the predominant answer to the following question:

Do you agree that the Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug merged into a new entity of the Russian Federation - Zabaykalsky Krai, which included Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug will be an administrative-territorial unit with special status, defined by the charter of the province in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation?

In Chita Oblast, 90.29% (535,045 voters) of the voters voted for the union versus – 8.89% (52,698 voters) who voted against it. 72.82% of the electorate participated. In the Aga Buryat Autonomous Region 94% (38,814 voters) voted for the union versus – 5.16% (2129 voters). 82.95% of the electorate voters participated.

On 23 July 2007, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a federal constitutional law "On Establishment in the Russian Federation of a new subject of the Russian Federation in the merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug", adopted by the State Duma on 5 July 2007. and approved by the Federation Council on 11 July 2007.

Administrative divisions

Economy

Large companies in the region include the Priargunskoe Mining and Chemical Association, Territorial Generating Company №14, Novo-Shirokinsky mine, Kharanorskaya State District Power Plant, Kharanorskiy coal mine. [14]

Government

Ravil Geniatulin, the Governor of Chita Oblast, was elected Governor of Zabaykalsky Krai on 5 February 2008, by the majority of the deputies of both Chita Oblast Duma and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug Duma. He assumed the post on 1 March 2008. [15] United Russia candidate Natalia Zhdanova was elected governor with 54% of the vote on 18 September 2016. [16]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
19262,934,000—    
19591,036,387−64.7%
19701,144,918+10.5%
19791,233,435+7.7%
19891,377,975+11.7%
20021,155,346−16.2%
20101,107,107−4.2%
20211,004,125−9.3%
Source: Census data

Population: 1,004,125 (2021 Census); [17] 1,107,107 (2010 Census); [9] 1,155,346 (2002 Census); [18] 1,377,975 (1989 Soviet census). [19]

According to the 2021 Census, [20] Russians made up 89.2% of the population while Buryats were 7.4%. Other significant groups were Armenians (0.3%), Tatars (0.3%), Ukrainians (0.2%), Kyrgyz (0.2%) and Uzbeks (0.2%). 118,477 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group. [21]

Ethnicity2002 census2010 census2021 census
Number %Number %Number %
Russians 1,037,50290.0%977,49989.9%790,20789.2%
Buryats 70,4576.1%73,9416.8%65,5907.4%
Armenians 3,5940.3%3,9430.4%2,6510.3%
Tatars 8,1590.7%5,8570.5%2,4890.3%
Others32,9412.9%25,8862.4%24,7112.8%
Ethnicity not stated2,693–19,981–118,477–

Settlements

Vital statistics for 2022: [22] [23]

Total fertility rate (2022): [24]
1.69 children per woman

Life expectancy (2021): [25]
Total — 66.82 years (male — 62.28, female — 71.54)

Religion

Religion in Zabaykalsky Krai as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas) [26] [27]
Spiritual but not religious
 
28%
Russian Orthodoxy
 
24.6%
Atheism and irreligion
 
17.1%
Other and undeclared
 
16.8%
Buddhism
 
6.3%
Other Christians
 
5.6%
Other Orthodox
 
1.6%

As of a 2012 survey, [26] 25% of the population of Zabaykalsky Krai adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 6.25% to Buddhism, 6% declares to be generically unaffiliated Christian (excluding Protestant churches), 2% is an Orthodox Christian believer without belonging to any church or being member of other (non-Russian) Orthodox churches. In addition, 28% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 17% to be atheist, and 16.15% follows other religion or did not give an answer to the survey. [26]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Agin-Buryat Okrug</span> Okrug of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Agin-Buryat Okrug, or Aga Buryatia, is an administrative division of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It was a federal subject of Russia until it merged with Chita Oblast to form Zabaykalsky Krai on March 1, 2008. Prior to the merger, it was called Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug. Its administrative center is the urban-type settlement of Aginskoye. It is one of the two Buryat okrugs in Russia, the other one is Ust-Orda Buryat Okrug of Irkutsk Oblast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aginskoye, Zabaykalsky Krai</span> Urban-type settlement in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Aginskoye is an urban locality and the administrative center of Agin-Buryat Okrug and of Aginsky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the valley of the Aga River. Population: 15,596 (2010 Census); 11,717 (2002 Census); 9,286 (1989 Soviet census); 7,200 (1967).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky (town)</span> Town in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky is a town and the administrative center of Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located along the Balyaga River in the valley between Zagan-Daban and Zagorinsky mountain ranges, 413 kilometers (257 mi) southwest of Chita. Population: 18,549 (2010 Census); 21,164 (2002 Census); 28,291 (1989 Soviet census).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akshinsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Akshinsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai and borders with Ononsky, Ulyotovsky, and Kyrinsky Districts of Zabaykalsky Krai, as well as with Mongolia. The area of the district is 7,400 square kilometers (2,900 sq mi). Administrative center is the rural locality of Aksha. Population: 10,682 (2010 Census); 12,080 ; 14,695 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Aksha accounts for 36.9% of the district's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khiloksky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Khiloksky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the krai, and borders with Ulyotovsky District in the east, Krasnochikoysky District in the south, and with Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky District in the west. The area of the district is 14,800 square kilometers (5,700 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Khilok. Population: 31,760 (2010 Census); 33,434 ; 40,758 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Khilok accounts for 36.3% of the district's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karymsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Karymsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai and borders Tungokochensky District in the north, Shilkinsky District in the east, Aginsky District in the south, and Chitinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 7,800 square kilometers (3,000 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Karymskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 37,161, with the population of Karymskoye accounting for 35.1% of that number.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Borzinsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Borzinsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai, and borders with Olovyanninsky District in the north, Aleksandrovo-Zavodsky District in the east, Zabaykalsky District in the south, and with Ononsky District in the west. The area of the district is 9,000 square kilometers (3,500 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Borzya. Population: 51,647 (2010 Census); 25,095 ; 30,885 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Borzya accounts for 60.8% of the district's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chernyshevsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Chernyshevsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai and borders Tungokochensky District in the north, Sretensky District in the east, District in the south, and Nerchinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 13,200 square kilometers (5,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Chernyshevsk. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 35,019, with the population of Chernyshevsk accounting for 38.2% of that number.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chitinsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Chitinsky District is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the west of the krai, and borders with Karymsky District in the east, Duldurginsky District in the south, and with Khiloksky District in the west. The area of the district is 16,100 square kilometers (6,200 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Chita. Population : 64,642 (2010 Census); 62,221 ; 62,366 (1989 Soviet census).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kalarsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Kalarsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the north of the krai, and borders with Tungokochensky District in the south. The area of the district is 56,800 square kilometers (21,900 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Chara. Population: 9,051 (2010 Census); 9,785 ; 20,942 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Chara accounts for 21.0% of the district's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mogochinsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Mogochinsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders China in the east and south. The area of the district is 25,500 square kilometers (9,800 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Mogocha. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 25,508, with the population of Mogocha accounting for 52.0% of that number.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nerchinsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Nerchinsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai, and borders with Tungokochensky District in the north, Chernyshevsky District in the east, Baleysky District in the south, and with Shilkinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 5,500 square kilometers (2,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nerchinsk. Population: 28,455 (2010 Census); 30,694 ; 33,755 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nerchinsk accounts for 52.6% of the district's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olovyanninsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Olovyanninsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai, and borders with Baleysky District in the north, Borzinsky District in the south, and with Mogoytuysky District in the west. The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban-type settlement) of Olovyannaya. Population: 43,494 (2010 Census); 49,426 ; 60,810 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Olovyannaya accounts for 19.3% of the district's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duldurginsky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Duldurginsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion) of Agin-Buryat Okrug of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, one of the thirty-one in the krai. It is located in the south of the krai, and borders with Chitinsky District in the north, Aginsky District in the east, Akshinsky District in the south, and with Ulyotovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 7,200 square kilometers (2,800 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Duldurga. Population: 15,350 (2010 Census); 15,316 ; 15,550 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Duldurga accounts for 43.3% of the district's total population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mogoytuysky District</span> District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Mogoytuysky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion) of Agin-Buryat Okrug of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, one of the thirty-one in the krai, and borders with Shilkinsky District in the north, Olovyanninsky District in the east, Ononsky District in the south, and with Aginsky District in the west. The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Mogoytuy. Population: 27,463 (2010 Census); 27,386 ; 28,647 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Mogoytuy accounts for 37.3% of the district's total population.

Khilok is a town and the administrative center of Khiloksky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located on the Khilok River, a right-hand tributary of the Selenga, 261 kilometers (162 mi) west of Chita, the administrative center of the krai. Population: 11,539 (2010 Census); 11,152 (2002 Census); 13,858 (1989 Soviet census).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amazar</span> Work settlement in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Amazar is an urban locality in Mogochinsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 2,374 (2010 Census); 2,641 (2002 Census); 3,521 (1989 Soviet census).

Bukachacha is an urban locality in Chernyshevsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 2,359 (2010 Census); 3,525 (2002 Census); 7,941 (1989 Soviet census).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zhireken</span> Work settlement in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia

Zhireken is an urban locality in Chernyshevsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 4,565 (2010 Census); 3,937 (2002 Census); 5,493 (1989 Soviet census).

References

Notes

  1. ↑

Citations

  1. ↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  2. ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
  3. 1 2 Charter of Zabaykalsky Krai, Article 21
  4. ↑ "Сведения о наличии и распределении земель в Российской Федерации на 01.01.2019 (в разрезе субъектов Российской Федерации)". Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography. Archived from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  5. ↑ "Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации". Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved 1 September 2022.
  6. ↑ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  7. ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  8. ↑ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
  9. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  10. ↑ "Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
  11. ↑ Edward Wajda (2018). "Yeniseian and Dene Hydronyms". In Gary Holton; Thomas F. Thornton (eds.). Language and Toponymy in Alaska and Beyond: Papers in Honor of James Kari. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press. pp. 183–201. hdl:10125/24847. ISBN   9780997329544.
  12. ↑ History of Mongolia, Volume I, 2003
  13. 1 2 History of Mongolia, Volume II, 2003
  14. ↑ "Trans-Baikal Territory Industries". investinregions.ru. Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  15. ↑ На административной карте РФ появился новый субъект федерации - Забайкальский край. (A new federal subject—Zabaykalsky Krai—appeared on the administrative map of the Russian Federation) Itar-Tass.com (in Russian)
  16. ↑ "Siberia and Russian Far East vote decisively for United Russia in parliamentary elections". siberiantimes.com. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  17. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1](XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  18. ↑ Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000](XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  19. ↑ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  20. ↑ "Национальный состав населения". Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  21. ↑ "Впн-2010". Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
  22. ↑ "Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022". ROSSTAT. Archived from the original on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  23. ↑ "Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022". ROSSTAT. Archived from the original on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  24. ↑ Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости [Total fertility rate]. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Archived from the original (XLSX) on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  25. ↑ "Демографический ежегодник России" [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat). Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  26. 1 2 3 "Main page project «Arena» : Non-profit research based consulting "Sreda"" . Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  27. ↑ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. Archived.

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