Zirconium(IV) sulfate

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Zirconium(IV) sulfate
Zr4+ (SO42−)2]
Zirconium(IV) sulfate tetrahydrate.jpg
Names
Other names
zirconium disulfate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.035.162 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 238-694-4
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • ZH9100000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/2H2O4S.Zr/c2*1-5(2,3)4;/h2*(H2,1,2,3,4);/q;;+4/p-4
    Key: ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J
  • [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Zr+4]
Properties
Zr(SO4)2(H2O)x ( x = 0, 4, 5, 7)
Molar mass 285.35 g/mol (anhydrous)
355.40 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
AppearanceWhite solids
Density 3.22 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.85 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate)
52.5 g/100 mL (tetrahydrate)
1.646
Structure
orthorhombic
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
3500 mg/kg (rat, oral) [1]
Related compounds
Other cations
Titanium sulfate; Hafnium sulfate
Related compounds
 Zirconyl sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Zirconium(IV) sulfate is the name for a family of inorganic compounds with the formula Zr(SO4)2(H2O)n where n = 0, 4, 5, or 7. These species are related by the degree of hydration. At least some members of the series contain oxo ligands since zirconyl (ZrO2+) is pervasive. These compounds are white or colorless solids that often are soluble in water.

Contents

Preparation and structure

Zirconium sulfate is prepared by the action of sulfuric acid on zirconium oxide:

ZrO2 + 2 H2SO4 + H2O → Zr(SO4)2(H2O)x

The anhydrous sulfate is also claimed. [2]

These compounds adopt complex structures featuring 7- and 8-coordinated Zr centres. Both water and sulfate serve as ligands. [3] [4]

Uses

Zirconium sulfate is used in tanning white leather, as a catalyst support, to precipitate proteins and amino acids, and as a pigment stabilizer.

References

  1. ↑ "Zirconium compounds (as Zr)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ↑ P. Ehrlich (1963). "Zirconium Sulfates". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=1231. NY,NY: Academic Press.
  3. ↑ Bear, I. J.; Mumme, W. G. (1969). "The Crystal Chemistry of Zirconium Sulphates. III. The Structure of the β-pentahydrate, Zr2(SO4)4(H2O)8.2H2O, and the Inter-relationship of the Four Higher Hydrates". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. 25 (8): 1572–1581. doi:10.1107/S0567740869004341.
  4. ↑ Squattrito, Philip J.; Rudolf, Philip R.; Clearfield, Abraham (1987). "Crystal Structure of a Complex Basic Zirconium Sulfate". Inorganic Chemistry. 26 (25): 4240–4244. doi:10.1021/ic00272a020.
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