Silver sulfate

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Silver sulfate
Skeletal formula of silver sulfate Silver sulfate.svg
Skeletal formula of silver sulfate
Sample of silver sulfate Zilversulfaat.JPG
Sample of silver sulfate
Names
IUPAC name
Silver(I) sulfate
Other names
Disilver sulfate
Argentous sulfate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.581 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 233-653-7
PubChem CID
UNII
UN number 3077
  • InChI=1S/2Ag.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 Yes check.svgY
    Key: YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/2Ag.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
    Key: YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-NUQVWONBAA
  • [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
Properties
Ag2SO4
Molar mass 311.79 g·mol−1
AppearanceColorless solid
Odor Odorless
Density 5.45 g/cm3 (25 °C)
4.84 g/cm3 (660 °C) [1]
Melting point 652.2–660 °C (1,206.0–1,220.0 °F; 925.4–933.1 K) [1] [2]
Boiling point 1,085 °C (1,985 °F; 1,358 K) [3] [2] decomposition
0.57 g/100 mL (0 °C)
0.69 g/100 mL (10 °C)
0.83 g/100 mL (25 °C)
0.96 g/100 mL (40 °C)
1.33 g/100 mL (100 °C) [4]
1.2·10−5 [1]
Solubility Dissolves in aq. acids, alcohols, acetone, ether, acetates, amides [4]
Insoluble in ethanol [3]
Solubility in sulfuric acid 8.4498 g/L (0.1 molH2SO4/LH2O) [4]
25.44 g/100 g (13 °C)
31.56 g/100 g (24.5 °C)
127.01 g/100 g (96 °C) [3]
Solubility in ethanol 7.109 g/L (0.5 nEtOH/H2O) [4]
Solubility in acetic acid 7.857 g/L (0.5 nAcOH/H2O) [4]
−9.29·10−5 cm3/mol [1]
nα = 1.756
nβ = 1.775
nγ = 1.782 [5]
Structure
Orthorhombic, oF56 [5]
Fddd, No. 70 [5]
2/m 2/m 2/m [5]
a = 10.2699(5) Å, b = 12.7069(7) Å, c = 5.8181(3) Å [5]
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
131.4 J/mol·K [1]
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298)
200.4 J/mol·K [1]
−715.9 kJ/mol [1]
−618.4 kJ/mol [1]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-acid.svg GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg [6]
Danger
H318, H410 [6]
P273, P280, P305+P351+P338, P501 [6]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
[2]
NFPA 704.svgHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
0
1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Yes check.svgY  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)

Silver sulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula Ag 2 S O 4. It is a white solid with low solubility in water.

Contents

Preparation and structure

Packing of ions in solid silver sulfate. Color code: red = O, yellow = S, gray = Ag. Silver(I)-sulfate-xtal-2x2x2-3D-sf-v2.png
Packing of ions in solid silver sulfate. Color code: red = O, yellow = S, gray = Ag.

Silver sulfate precipitates when an aqueous solution of silver nitrate is treated with sulfuric acid:

2 AgNO3 + H2SO4 → Ag2SO4 + 2 HNO3

It is purified by recrystallization from concentrated sulfuric acid, a step that expels traces of nitrate. [7] Silver sulfate and anhydrous sodium sulfate adopt the same structure. [8]

Silver(II) sulfate

The synthesis of silver(II) sulfate (AgSO4) with a divalent silver ion instead of a monovalent silver ion was first reported in 2010 [9] by adding sulfuric acid to silver(II) fluoride (HF escapes). It is a black solid that decomposes exothermically at 120 °C with evolution of oxygen and the formation of the silver(I) pyrosulfate.

AgF2 + H2SO4 → AgSO4 + 2 HF
4 AgSO4 → 2 Ag2S2O7 + O2

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN   978-1-4200-9084-0.
  2. 1 2 3 "MSDS of Silver sulfate". Fisher Scientific, Inc. Retrieved 2014-07-19.
  3. 1 2 3 Anatolievich, Kiper Ruslan. "silver sulfate" . Retrieved 2014-07-19.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. pp.  622–623.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Morris, Marlene C.; McMurdie, Howard F.; Evans, Eloise H.; Paretzkin, Boris; Groot, Johan H. de; Hubbard, Camden R.; Carmel, Simon J. (June 1976). "13". Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns. Vol. 25. Washington: Institute for Materials Research National Bureau of Standards.
  6. 1 2 3 Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver sulfate. Retrieved on 2014-07-19.
  7. ↑ O. Glemser; R. Sauer (1963). "Silver Sulfate". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2pages=1042. NY, NY: Academic Press.
  8. ↑ Zachariasen, W. H. (1932). "Note on the Crystal Structure of Silver Sulphate, Ag2SO4". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 82 (1–6): 161–162. doi:10.1524/zkri.1932.82.1.161. S2CID   101362527.
  9. ↑ Malinowski, P.; Derzsi, M.; Mazej, Z.; Jagličić, Z.; Gaweł, B.; Lasocha, W.; Grochala, W. (2010). "Ag(II)SO(4): A Genuine Sulfate of Divalent Silver with Anomalously Strong One-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Interactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 49 (9): 1683–1686. doi: 10.1002/anie.200906863 . PMID   20084660.
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